The Shakai Taishūtō was founded by Abe Isoo in July 1932, as a merger of the Shakai Minshūtō (Socialist Mass Party) with the Zenkoku Rōnō Taishūtō (National Labour-Farmer Mass Party).[2] In a period of increasing extremism in politics, the new party attempted to maintain a middle-of-the road approach which inevitably resulted in a confused policy.
On one hand, the Shakai Taishūtō supported agrarian reform and pushed for improvement in the lot of the farmers by cutting the military budget; on the other hand, it cultivated ties with the Tōseiha political faction within the Imperial Japanese Army, and supported Japanese aggression in Manchuria. The Shakai Taishūtō advocated increased international cooperation and opposed Japan's withdraw from the League of Nations, but at the same time supported the invasion of China in 1937.
It was the only leftist party allowed to function in the 1930s, and it emerged as the third-largest party in the Lower House of the Diet of Japan, with 36 seats after the 1937 General Election. The party received support from a wide cross-section of the electorate, including middle class shop owners resentful of the zaibatsu, salaried-workers, and some minor bureaucrats.[3] However, the basic split within the Shakai Taishūtō internally between supporters of social democracy versus fascism came to a head after the vote to expel Saitō Takao from the Diet arose after he sharply criticized the conduct of the Imperial Japanese Army and its actions on the Asian mainland. Members of the party who had abstained from the motion to purge Saitō were expelled for "unpatriotic sentiments", causing chairman Abe Isoo to resign as well.[4] The remainder of the party grew increasingly nationalistic and militaristic, and was absorbed into the Imperial Rule Assistance Association in 1940.[5]
^Scalapino. Democracy and the Party in Prewar Japan. page 374.
^Large. Organized Workers and Socialist Politics in Interwar Japan. Page 200.
^Large. Organized Workers and Socialist Politics in Interwar Japan. Page 220.
^Sims. Japanese Political History Since the Meiji Renovation. Page 216.
April 11, 2024
shakai, taishūtō, 社会大衆党, socialist, mass, party, social, mass, party, moderate, leftist, political, party, early, shōwa, period, empire, japan, 社会大衆党leaderabe, isoofoundedjuly, 1932, 1932, dissolvedjuly, 1940, 1940, merger, ofsocial, democratic, partynational,. The Shakai Taishutō 社会大衆党 Socialist Mass es Party or Social Mass es Party was a moderate leftist political party in early Shōwa period Empire of Japan Shakai Taishutō 社会大衆党LeaderAbe IsooFoundedJuly 24 1932 1932 07 24 DissolvedJuly 6 1940 1940 07 06 Merger ofSocial Democratic PartyNational Masses Party ja National Labour Farmer Party ja New Labour Farmer Party ja Merged intoImperial Rule Assistance AssociationHeadquartersTokyo CityIdeologySocial democracy 1 Anti capitalism 1 Anti communism 1 Until 1938 Anti fascism 1 After 1938 Shōwa Statism 1 Totalitarianism 1 Political positionCentre left to left wingAfter 1938 Far rightPolitics of JapanPolitical partiesElectionsAbe Isoo founder of the Shakai TaishutōThe Shakai Taishutō was founded by Abe Isoo in July 1932 as a merger of the Shakai Minshutō Socialist Mass Party with the Zenkoku Rōnō Taishutō National Labour Farmer Mass Party 2 In a period of increasing extremism in politics the new party attempted to maintain a middle of the road approach which inevitably resulted in a confused policy On one hand the Shakai Taishutō supported agrarian reform and pushed for improvement in the lot of the farmers by cutting the military budget on the other hand it cultivated ties with the Tōseiha political faction within the Imperial Japanese Army and supported Japanese aggression in Manchuria The Shakai Taishutō advocated increased international cooperation and opposed Japan s withdraw from the League of Nations but at the same time supported the invasion of China in 1937 It was the only leftist party allowed to function in the 1930s and it emerged as the third largest party in the Lower House of the Diet of Japan with 36 seats after the 1937 General Election The party received support from a wide cross section of the electorate including middle class shop owners resentful of the zaibatsu salaried workers and some minor bureaucrats 3 However the basic split within the Shakai Taishutō internally between supporters of social democracy versus fascism came to a head after the vote to expel Saitō Takao from the Diet arose after he sharply criticized the conduct of the Imperial Japanese Army and its actions on the Asian mainland Members of the party who had abstained from the motion to purge Saitō were expelled for unpatriotic sentiments causing chairman Abe Isoo to resign as well 4 The remainder of the party grew increasingly nationalistic and militaristic and was absorbed into the Imperial Rule Assistance Association in 1940 5 Contents 1 Election results 2 References 3 Notes 4 ReferencesElection results editElection Votes Seats Change1936 518 844 4 66 18 466 nbsp 1937 928 934 9 10 37 466 nbsp 19References editScalapino Robert 1962 Democracy and the Party in Prewar Japan University of California Press ASIN B0007FP0H6 Large Stephen S 2010 Organized Workers and Socialist Politics in Interwar Japan Cambridge University Press ISBN 978 0521136310 Sims Richard 2019 Japanese Political History Since the Meiji Renovation 1868 2000 University of California Press ISBN 9781349632404 Notes editReferences edit a b c d e f Yoshimi Yoshiaki 社会大衆党 しゃかいたいしゅうとう とは kotobank jp in Japanese Retrieved February 15 2020 from Encyclopedia Nipponica Scalapino Democracy and the Party in Prewar Japan page 374 Large Organized Workers and Socialist Politics in Interwar Japan Page 200 Large Organized Workers and Socialist Politics in Interwar Japan Page 220 Sims Japanese Political History Since the Meiji Renovation Page 216 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Shakai Taishutō amp oldid 1166744568, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
