The Selandian is a stage in the Paleocene. It spans the time between 61.6 and59.2 Ma. It is preceded by the Danian and followed by the Thanetian.[4] Sometimes[when?] the Paleocene is subdivided[by whom?] in subepochs, in which the Selandian forms the "middle Paleocene".
The Selandian was introduced in scientific literature by Danish geologist Alfred Rosenkrantz in 1924. It is named after the Danish island of Zealand (Danish: Sjælland) given its prevalence there.[5]
The start of the Selandian represents a sharp depositional change in the North Sea Basin, where there is a shift to siliciclastic deposition due to the uplift and erosion of the Scotland-Shetland area after nearly 40 million years of calcium carbonate deposition.[7] This change occurs at the same time as the onset of a foreland basin formation in Spitsbergen due to compression between Greenland and Svalbard,[8] suggesting a common tectonic cause that altered the relative motions of the Greenland Plate and the Eurasian Plate. This plate reorganisation event is also manifest as a change in seafloor spreading direction in the Labrador Sea around this time.[9]
^Zachos, J. C.; Kump, L. R. (2005). "Carbon cycle feedbacks and the initiation of Antarctic glaciation in the earliest Oligocene". Global and Planetary Change. 47 (1): 51–66. Bibcode:2005GPC....47...51Z. doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2005.01.001.
^"International Chronostratigraphic Chart" (PDF). International Commission on Stratigraphy.
^ abSchmitz, B.; Pujalte, V.; Molina, E.; Monechi, S.; Orue-Etxebarria, X.; Speijer, R. P.; Alegret, L.; Apellaniz, E.; Arenillas, I.; Aubry, M.-P.; Baceta, J.-I.; Berggren, W. A.; Bernaola, G.; Caballero, F.; Clemmensen, A.; Dinarès-Turell, J.; Dupuis, C.; Heilmann-Clausen, C.; Orús, A. H.; Knox, R.; Martín-Rubio, M.; Ortiz, S.; Payros, A.; Petrizzo, M. R.; von Salis, K.; Sprong, J.; Steurbaut, E.; Thomsen, E. (2011). "The global Stratotype Sections and Points for the bases of the Selandian (Middle Paleocene) and Thanetian (Upper Paleocene Paleocene) stages at Zumaia, Spain". Episodes. 34 (4): 220–243. doi:10.18814/epiiugs/2011/v34i4/002.
^See for example Arenillas et al. (2008) or Bernaola et al. (2009) for a description of the Danian-Selandidan boundary
^Clemmensen A, Thomsen E (2005). "Palaeoenvironmental changes across the Danian–Selandian boundary in the North Sea Basin". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 219 (3–4): 351–394. Bibcode:2005PPP...219..351C. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2005.01.005.
^Jones MT, Augland LE, Shephard GE, Burgess SD, Eliassen GT, Jochmann MM, Friis B, Jerram DA, Planke S, Svensen HH (July 2017). "Constraining shifts in North Atlantic plate motions during the Palaeocene by U-Pb dating of Svalbard tephra layers". Scientific Reports. 7 (1): 6822. Bibcode:2017NatSR...7.6822J. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-06170-7. PMC5533774. PMID 28754976.
^Oakey GN, Chalmers JA (2012). "A new model for the Paleogene motion of Greenland relative to North America: Plate reconstructions of the Davis Strait and Nares Strait regions between Canada and Greenland". Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth. 117 (B10): B10. Bibcode:2012JGRB..11710401O. doi:10.1029/2011jb008942.
^ Kwok R (4 February 2009). "Scientists find world's biggest snake". Nature News. doi:10.1038/news.2009.80.
^Koeberl C, MacLeod KG, eds. (2002). Catastrophic events and mass extinctions: Impacts and beyond. Geological Society of America. pp. 303–4.
Further readingedit
Wikisource has original works on the topic: Cenozoic#Paleogene
Arenillas I, Molina E, Ortiz S, Schmitz B (2008). "Foraminiferal and δ13C isotopic event-stratigraphy across the Danian-Selandian transition at Zumaya (northern Spain): chronostratigraphic implications". Terra Nova. 20 (1): 38–44. Bibcode:2008TeNov..20...38A. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3121.2007.00784.x. S2CID 129044742.
Bernaola G, Martín-Rubio M, Baceta JI (2009). "New high resolution calcareous nannofossil analysis across the Danian-Selandian transition at the Zumaia section: comparisons with South Tethys and Danish sections". Geologica Acta. 7 (1–2): 79–92.
Rosenkrantz A (March 1921). "En ny københavnsk Lokalitet for forsteningsførende Paleocæn". Meddelelser Fra Dansk Geologisk Forening (in Danish). 5: 1–10.
Rosenkrantz A (1924). "De københavnske Grønsandslag og deres Placering i den danske Lagrække". Meddelelser Fra Dansk Geologisk Forening (in Danish). 6: 1–39.
External linksedit
GeoWhen Database - Selandian
Paleogene timescale, at the website of the subcommission for stratigraphic information of the ICS
, at the website of Norges Network of offshore records of geology and stratigraphy
selandian, stage, paleocene, spans, time, between, preceded, danian, followed, thanetian, sometimes, when, paleocene, subdivided, whom, subepochs, which, forms, middle, paleocene, preꞒ, chronology, mzcenozoickpaleogenenlkpaleoceneeoceneoligocenemcmaastricht, d. The Selandian is a stage in the Paleocene It spans the time between 61 6 and 59 2 Ma It is preceded by the Danian and followed by the Thanetian 4 Sometimes when the Paleocene is subdivided by whom in subepochs in which the Selandian forms the middle Paleocene Selandian61 6 59 2 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Chronology 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 MZCenozoicKPaleogeneNLKPaleoceneEoceneOligoceneMCMaastricht DanianSelandianThanetianYpresianLutetianBartonianPriabonianRupelianChattianAquitanian PETM First Antarctic permanent ice sheets 1 K Pg massextinctionSubdivision of the Paleogene according to the ICS as of 2021 2 Vertical axis scale millions of years agoFormerly part ofTertiary Period SystemEtymologyName formalityFormalUsage informationCelestial bodyEarthRegional usageGlobal ICS Time scale s usedICS Time ScaleDefinitionChronological unitAgeStratigraphic unitStageTime span formalityFormalLower boundary definitionOnset of sea level drop and carbon isotope shiftLower boundary GSSPZumaia Section Basque Country Spain43 17 57 N 2 15 40 W 43 2992 N 2 2610 W 43 2992 2 2610Lower GSSP ratified2008 3 Upper boundary definitionBase of magnetic polarity chronozone C26nUpper boundary GSSPZumaia Section Basque Country Spain43 17 59 N 2 15 39 W 43 2996 N 2 2609 W 43 2996 2 2609Upper GSSP ratified2008 3 Contents 1 Stratigraphic definition 2 Fauna and Flora 3 References 4 Further reading 5 External linksStratigraphic definition editThe Selandian was introduced in scientific literature by Danish geologist Alfred Rosenkrantz in 1924 It is named after the Danish island of Zealand Danish Sjaelland given its prevalence there 5 The base of the Selandian is close to the boundary between biozones NP4 and NP5 It is slightly after the first appearances of many new species of the calcareous nanoplankton genus Fasciculithus F ulii F billii F janii F involutus F tympaniformis and F pileatus and close to the first appearance of calcareous nanoplankton species Neochiastozygus perfectus At the original type location in Denmark the base of the Selandian is an unconformity The official Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point GSSP was established in the Zumaia section 43 18 N 002 16 W 43 300 N 2 267 W 43 300 2 267 at the beach of Itzurun in the Basque Country northern Spain 6 nbsp The Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point GSSP marking the lower boundary of the Selandian at Itzurun SpainThe top of the Selandian the base of the Thanetian is laid at the base of magnetic chronozone C26n The Selandian Stage overlaps with the lower part of the Tiffanian North American Land Mammal Age the Peligran Tiupampan and lower Itaboraian South American Land Mammal Ages and part of the Nongshanian Asian Land Mammal Age It is coeval with the lower part of the Wangerripian Stage from the Australian regional timescale The start of the Selandian represents a sharp depositional change in the North Sea Basin where there is a shift to siliciclastic deposition due to the uplift and erosion of the Scotland Shetland area after nearly 40 million years of calcium carbonate deposition 7 This change occurs at the same time as the onset of a foreland basin formation in Spitsbergen due to compression between Greenland and Svalbard 8 suggesting a common tectonic cause that altered the relative motions of the Greenland Plate and the Eurasian Plate This plate reorganisation event is also manifest as a change in seafloor spreading direction in the Labrador Sea around this time 9 Fauna and Flora editThe fauna of the Selandian consisted of giant snakes Titanoboa 10 crocodiles champsosaurs Gastornithiformes 11 owls and a few archaic forms of mammals such as mesonychids pantodonts primate relatives plesiadapids and multiberculates The flora was composed of cacti ferns and palm trees References edit Zachos J C Kump L R 2005 Carbon cycle feedbacks and the initiation of Antarctic glaciation in the earliest Oligocene Global and Planetary Change 47 1 51 66 Bibcode 2005GPC 47 51Z doi 10 1016 j gloplacha 2005 01 001 International Chronostratigraphic Chart PDF International Commission on Stratigraphy a b Schmitz B Pujalte V Molina E Monechi S Orue Etxebarria X Speijer R P Alegret L Apellaniz E Arenillas I Aubry M P Baceta J I Berggren W A Bernaola G Caballero F Clemmensen A Dinares Turell J Dupuis C Heilmann Clausen C Orus A H Knox R Martin Rubio M Ortiz S Payros A Petrizzo M R von Salis K Sprong J Steurbaut E Thomsen E 2011 The global Stratotype Sections and Points for the bases of the Selandian Middle Paleocene and Thanetian Upper Paleocene Paleocene stages at Zumaia Spain Episodes 34 4 220 243 doi 10 18814 epiiugs 2011 v34i4 002 International Commission on Stratigraphy 2017 Selandien Den Store Danske Encyklopaedi See for example Arenillas et al 2008 or Bernaola et al 2009 for a description of the Danian Selandidan boundary Clemmensen A Thomsen E 2005 Palaeoenvironmental changes across the Danian Selandian boundary in the North Sea Basin Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology 219 3 4 351 394 Bibcode 2005PPP 219 351C doi 10 1016 j palaeo 2005 01 005 Jones MT Augland LE Shephard GE Burgess SD Eliassen GT Jochmann MM Friis B Jerram DA Planke S Svensen HH July 2017 Constraining shifts in North Atlantic plate motions during the Palaeocene by U Pb dating of Svalbard tephra layers Scientific Reports 7 1 6822 Bibcode 2017NatSR 7 6822J doi 10 1038 s41598 017 06170 7 PMC 5533774 PMID 28754976 Oakey GN Chalmers JA 2012 A new model for the Paleogene motion of Greenland relative to North America Plate reconstructions of the Davis Strait and Nares Strait regions between Canada and Greenland Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth 117 B10 B10 Bibcode 2012JGRB 11710401O doi 10 1029 2011jb008942 Kwok R 4 February 2009 Scientists find world s biggest snake Nature News doi 10 1038 news 2009 80 Koeberl C MacLeod KG eds 2002 Catastrophic events and mass extinctions Impacts and beyond Geological Society of America pp 303 4 Further reading edit nbsp Wikisource has original works on the topic Cenozoic Paleogene Arenillas I Molina E Ortiz S Schmitz B 2008 Foraminiferal and d13C isotopic event stratigraphy across the Danian Selandian transition at Zumaya northern Spain chronostratigraphic implications Terra Nova 20 1 38 44 Bibcode 2008TeNov 20 38A doi 10 1111 j 1365 3121 2007 00784 x S2CID 129044742 Bernaola G Martin Rubio M Baceta JI 2009 New high resolution calcareous nannofossil analysis across the Danian Selandian transition at the Zumaia section comparisons with South Tethys and Danish sections Geologica Acta 7 1 2 79 92 Gradstein FM Ogg JG Smith AG 2004 A Geologic Time Scale Cambridge University Press Rosenkrantz A March 1921 En ny kobenhavnsk Lokalitet for forsteningsforende Paleocaen Meddelelser Fra Dansk Geologisk Forening in Danish 5 1 10 Rosenkrantz A 1924 De kobenhavnske Gronsandslag og deres Placering i den danske Lagraekke Meddelelser Fra Dansk Geologisk Forening in Danish 6 1 39 External links editGeoWhen Database Selandian Paleogene timescale at the website of the subcommission for stratigraphic information of the ICS Stratigraphic chart of the Paleogene at the website of Norges Network of offshore records of geology and stratigraphy 43 18 02 N 2 15 34 W 43 30056 N 2 25944 W 43 30056 2 25944 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Selandian amp oldid 1189454273, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
