Ethiopia is a federation subdivided into ethno-linguistically based regional states (Amharic: plural: ክልሎች kililoch; singular: ክልል kilil; Oromo: singular: Naannoo; plural: Naannolee) and chartered cities (Amharic: plural: አስተዳደር አካባቢዎች astedader akababiwoch; singular: አስተዳደር አካባቢ astedader akabibi). This system of administrative regions replaced the provinces of Ethiopia in 1992 under the Transitional Government of Ethiopia and was formalised in 1995 when the current Constitution of Ethiopia came into force.[1]
The regions are each governed by a regional council whose members are directly elected to represent woredas (districts). Each council has a president, who is elected by the council. Each region also has an executive committee, whose members are selected by the president from among the councilors and approved by the council. Each region has a sector bureau, which implements the council mandate and reports to the executive committee.[2]
There are eleven regional states and two chartered cities, the latter being the country's capital Addis Ababa, and Dire Dawa, which was chartered in 2004. Being based on ethnicity and language, rather than physical geography or history, the regions vary enormously in area and population; the most notable example is the Harari Region, which has a smaller area and population than either of the chartered cities. When they were established in 1992, there were more regions, but five regions were merged to form the multi-ethnic Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region later in 1992, following the first elections of regional councils on 21 June 1992.[3]
The word "kilil" more specifically means "reservation" or "protected area".[4] The ethnic basis of the regions and choice of the word "kilil" has drawn fierce criticism from those in opposition to the ruling party who have drawn comparisons to the bantustans of apartheid South Africa.[5]
^The 2011 National Statistics gave an area of 41,410 km2 for Tigray, but the sum of the figures it gave for the Tigray zones was substantially different,[7] rendering the 2011 report internally inconsistent. The figure of 50,079 km2 in the 2006 statistics report[12] is supported by the Google Maps area calculator.
References
^Mulatu Wubneh (2017). "Ethnic Identity Politics and the Restructuring of Administrative Units in Ethiopia". International Journal of Ethiopian Studies. 11 (1 & 2): 105–138. JSTOR 26586251 – via JSTOR.
^Yilmaz, Serdar; Venugopal, Varsha (2008). (PDF). Working Paper 08-38. International Studies Program, Andrew Young School of Policy Studies, Georgia State University. pp. 4–5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 October 2013. Retrieved 22 June 2013.
^Lyons, Terrence (1996). "Closing the Transition: The May 1995 Elections in Ethiopia". Journal of Modern African Studies. 34 (1): 135. doi:10.1017/S0022278X00055233. JSTOR 161741. S2CID 155079488.
^"ክልል". AmharicDictionary.com. SelamSoft. Retrieved 10 May 2021.
^Demaret, Luc (29 October 2002). . International Labour Organization. Archived from the original on 25 July 2008. Retrieved 15 July 2012. 'Since 1993, the education system has been substantially decentralised, with responsibility passing to the provincial authorities.' ... as Taye Woldesmiate went on to point out, the government 'decided to use education policy to promote its own political agenda, meaning its ethnic policy to divide the country'. At the time, teachers denounced this shift. 'The regime created apartheid-type Bantustan states called "killils", or homelands. Citizens are confined within their "killils" never to seek education or jobs outside their homeland', they said.
^Central Statistical Agency of Ethiopia. . www.csa.gov.et. Government of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia. Archived from the original on 31 May 2022.
^ abcde(PDF) (Report). Addis Ababa: Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Central Statistical Agency. August 2013. Archived from the original on 24 May 2022. Retrieved 4 June 2018. Link to report PDF
^"Oromia Regional State". Ethiopian Government Portal. 2020. Retrieved 6 May 2020.
^Estimate from Britannica Book of the Year. Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc. 2014. p. 594. ISBN978-1-62513-171-3 – via Google Books.
^"The Sidama have voted for their own state. So what next?". 4 December 2019.
^Abdu, Brook (20 June 2020). "Sidama embarks on statehood". The Reporter. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
^"South West Ethiopia Peoples Region Officially Established". MSN Africa. Addis Ababa. Ethiopian News Agency (ENA). 23 November 2021. Retrieved 28 November 2021.
External links
States of Ethiopia at Statoids
February 06, 2023
regions, ethiopia, ethiopia, federation, subdivided, into, ethno, linguistically, based, regional, states, amharic, plural, ክልሎች, kililoch, singular, ክልል, kilil, oromo, singular, naannoo, plural, naannolee, chartered, cities, amharic, plural, አስተዳደር, አካባቢዎች, a. Ethiopia is a federation subdivided into ethno linguistically based regional states Amharic plural ክልሎች kililoch singular ክልል kilil Oromo singular Naannoo plural Naannolee and chartered cities Amharic plural አስተዳደር አካባቢዎች astedader akababiwoch singular አስተዳደር አካባቢ astedader akabibi This system of administrative regions replaced the provinces of Ethiopia in 1992 under the Transitional Government of Ethiopia and was formalised in 1995 when the current Constitution of Ethiopia came into force 1 Regional states and chartered cities of EthiopiaCategoryFederationLocationFederal Democratic Republic of EthiopiaCreated1992Number11 regions 2 chartered cities as of 2021 GovernmentRegion governmentSubdivisionsWoreda district The regions are each governed by a regional council whose members are directly elected to represent woredas districts Each council has a president who is elected by the council Each region also has an executive committee whose members are selected by the president from among the councilors and approved by the council Each region has a sector bureau which implements the council mandate and reports to the executive committee 2 There are eleven regional states and two chartered cities the latter being the country s capital Addis Ababa and Dire Dawa which was chartered in 2004 Being based on ethnicity and language rather than physical geography or history the regions vary enormously in area and population the most notable example is the Harari Region which has a smaller area and population than either of the chartered cities When they were established in 1992 there were more regions but five regions were merged to form the multi ethnic Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples Region later in 1992 following the first elections of regional councils on 21 June 1992 3 The word kilil more specifically means reservation or protected area 4 The ethnic basis of the regions and choice of the word kilil has drawn fierce criticism from those in opposition to the ruling party who have drawn comparisons to the bantustans of apartheid South Africa 5 Contents 1 List of regions and city administrations 1 1 New regions 2 See also 3 Notes 4 References 5 External linksList of regions and city administrations EditThe eleven regions and two city administrations Flag Name Population 6 Area km2 7 Capital Map Addis Ababa city 3 384 569 527 Addis Ababa Afar Region 1 152 300 72 051 Semera Amhara Region 21 134 988 8 9 154 709 Bahir Dar Benishangul Gumuz Region 1 127 001 50 699 Asosa Dire Dawa city 493 000 1 559 Dire Dawa Gambela Region 435 999 29 783 Gambela Harari Region 246 000 9 334 Harar Oromia Region 35 467 001 9 284 538 Addis Ababa 10 Sidama Region 4 200 000 12 000 Hawassa Somali Region 11 748 998 9 279 252 11 Jijiga South West Ethiopia Peoples Region 2 300 000 39 400 Bonga Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples Region 9 126 000 54 400 Hawassa Tigray Region 7 070 260 9 50 079 a Mek ele Approximation New regions Edit In November 2019 a referendum was held in the Sidama Zone of the Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples Region in which voters supported a proposal for Sidama Zone to become a region in its own right 13 The Sidama Region was created in June 2020 14 The South West Ethiopia Region was created on 23 November 2021 following a successful referendum earlier that year The new region was split off from the SNNPR and consisted of Keffa Sheka Bench Sheko Dawro and West Omo Zones along with Konta special district 15 See also EditList of governors of the Regions of Ethiopia Flags of the regions of Ethiopia List of Ethiopian regions by Human Development Index ISO 3166 2 ET Subdivisions of EthiopiaNotes Edit The 2011 National Statistics gave an area of 41 410 km2 for Tigray but the sum of the figures it gave for the Tigray zones was substantially different 7 rendering the 2011 report internally inconsistent The figure of 50 079 km2 in the 2006 statistics report 12 is supported by the Google Maps area calculator References Edit Mulatu Wubneh 2017 Ethnic Identity Politics and the Restructuring of Administrative Units in Ethiopia International Journal of Ethiopian Studies 11 1 amp 2 105 138 JSTOR 26586251 via JSTOR Yilmaz Serdar Venugopal Varsha 2008 Local Government Discretion and Accountability in Ethiopia PDF Working Paper 08 38 International Studies Program Andrew Young School of Policy Studies Georgia State University pp 4 5 Archived from the original PDF on 20 October 2013 Retrieved 22 June 2013 Lyons Terrence 1996 Closing the Transition The May 1995 Elections in Ethiopia Journal of Modern African Studies 34 1 135 doi 10 1017 S0022278X00055233 JSTOR 161741 S2CID 155079488 ክልል AmharicDictionary com SelamSoft Retrieved 10 May 2021 Demaret Luc 29 October 2002 They knew I would rather die than give up the fight Interview with Taye Woldesmiate Ethiopia International Labour Organization Archived from the original on 25 July 2008 Retrieved 15 July 2012 Since 1993 the education system has been substantially decentralised with responsibility passing to the provincial authorities as Taye Woldesmiate went on to point out the government decided to use education policy to promote its own political agenda meaning its ethnic policy to divide the country At the time teachers denounced this shift The regime created apartheid type Bantustan states called killils or homelands Citizens are confined within their killils never to seek education or jobs outside their homeland they said Ethiopia City Population a b 2011 National Statistics PDF Central Statistical Agency Archived from the original PDF on 2015 09 23 Retrieved 2014 12 10 Central Statistical Agency of Ethiopia Recent Survey Releases www csa gov et Government of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Archived from the original on 31 May 2022 a b c d e Population Projection of Ethiopia for All Regions At Wereda Level from 2014 2017 PDF Report Addis Ababa Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Central Statistical Agency August 2013 Archived from the original on 24 May 2022 Retrieved 4 June 2018 Link to report PDF Oromia Regional State Ethiopian Government Portal 2020 Retrieved 6 May 2020 Estimate from Britannica Book of the Year Encyclopaedia Britannica Inc 2014 p 594 ISBN 978 1 62513 171 3 via Google Books National Statistics Section B Population PDF Central Statistical Agency 2006 Archived from the original PDF on 21 February 2007 The Sidama have voted for their own state So what next 4 December 2019 Abdu Brook 20 June 2020 Sidama embarks on statehood The Reporter Retrieved 22 November 2020 South West Ethiopia Peoples Region Officially Established MSN Africa Addis Ababa Ethiopian News Agency ENA 23 November 2021 Retrieved 28 November 2021 External links EditRegional maps of Ethiopia at UN OCHA States of Ethiopia at Statoids Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Regions of Ethiopia amp oldid 1123507852, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
