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Score (sport)

In sport, score is a quantitative measure of the relative performance of opponents in a sporting discipline. Score is usually measured in the abstract unit of points, and events in the competition can raise or lower the score of the involved parties. Most games with score use it as a quantitative indicator of success in the game, and in competition, a goal is often made of attaining a better score than one's opponents in order to win.

A tennis scoreboard. Cyril Saulnier has lost the first two sets.

In team sport, the most common point metric is the "goal" or "score". Goals are accrued by the respective teams, and the match score represents the total score accrued by each team. For example, in association football and hockey goals are achieved by putting the ball in the opposing team's net. Other team sports like rugby, baseball and cricket have more complicated scoring procedures. The winning team is that which has recorded the best score, usually the team with the higher total score; a draw or tie is a result in which the competing teams record an equal score, sometimes requiring a tiebreaker.

Individual-based sports, such as golf and tennis, have points-based scoring as well. These may be abstract quantities defined for the sport, or more natural measures such as a distance or duration. Each competing athlete accrues points based on the sport's scoring system, and the athlete with the best score is deemed the winner. In some sports, the best score is that of the competitor with the highest score, such as in tennis or high jump. In other sports, the best score is that of the competitor with the lowest score, such as in golf or the 100 metres sprint.

Most sports have time limits, which means point-based victories are usually the result of obtaining more points than one's opponent. In others, the winner must achieve a fixed number of points sooner than the rival. In some sports there is a perfect score that is the highest attainable, such as a 6.0 or 10.0. In boxing and mixed martial arts, a match runs an agreed number of timed rounds, each scored at its conclusion with a mandatory 10 points for winning and 9 or fewer for losing, depending on relative inefficiency. If either player scores a knockout or submission, they immediately win the match regardless of points or time.

Auto racing edit

Each motor racing series has a points system, and a set of rules and regulations that define how points are accrued. Nearly all series award points according to the finishing position of the competitors in each race. Some series only award points for a certain number of finishing positions. In Formula One, for example, only the top ten finishers get points. Drivers may be forced to finish the race or complete a certain number of the laps in order to score points.

In some series, points are also awarded based on lap leading, lap times, overtaking and qualifying positions (in particular by achieving pole positions and fastest laps). In NASCAR, for example, besides receiving points depending on the final standings, one point is awarded for leading a lap and one point for leading the most laps in the race. In other series, such as for the National Hot Rod Association, points are awarded for attempting the race along with a podium finish in any of the four qualifying rounds, as an incentive to have drivers participate week after week to compete.

Scoring by sport edit

Each sport has a system by which scoring is determined and tracked. Sports that use duration include many disciplines in athletics (track events of track and field, road running, cross country running and racewalking), and skiing (alpine skiing and cross-country skiing).

Other disciplines are scored based on a distance or height, including the athletics disciplines of shot put, discus throw, hammer throw, javelin throw, long jump, triple jump, high jump, and pole vault.

Some sports have scoring based on a duration to which is added a penalty time based on the events of the competition. For example, in biathlon an athlete is made to ski a penalty loop for each target missed in the target-shooting portion of the event, causing an increase in the athlete's elapsed time in the competition.

In the equestrian discipline of show jumping, the duration of the performance is complemented with faults which are assessed for exceeding a maximum allowable time for the event (time fault), or if the horse refuses to jump over an obstacle or knocks down a rail of an obstacle.

In most racket sports and net sports a single point is earned when the other team commits a fault or rule infraction. Most such sports apply rally scoring, in which case either team can earn a point regardless of who is serving, but some apply side-out scoring where only the serving team can earn a point. Tennis utilizes rally scoring but has specialized rules for tracking the score.

Sport Type Score system
Athletics
Cross country running Individual or team Duration
Decathlon, heptathlon, and pentathlon Individual Points (based on event distance or duration)
High jump Individual Distance (height)
Long jump
Running and standing long jump; running and standing triple jump
Individual Distance (length)
Pole vault Individual Distance (height)
Running
Track (sprint, middle and long distance); obstacle (hurdles, steeplechase); road (long distance, marathon, race walking)
Individual Duration
Running relay
Track relay (4 × 100 m, 4 × 200 m, 4 × 400 m, 4 × 800 m); medley (sprint, distance); Swedish relay; Ekiden
Team Duration
Throwing
Discus, hammer, javelin, shot put
Individual Distance (length)
Ball sports
Association football Team Goals
Australian rules football Team Points (goals, behinds)
Basketball Team Points
Bocce Team Points
Bowling (five-, nine- and ten-pin, candlepin, duckpin) Individual Points
Camogie Team Points (goals)
Field hockey Team Goals
Fistball Team Points and sets
Gaelic football Team Points (goals)
Golf Individual Par (score)
Gridiron football (American, Canadian) Team Points
Hurling Team Points (goals)
Lacrosse (field and box) Team Goals
Netball Team Goals
Rugby league Team Points
Rugby union Team Points
Team handball Team Goals
Ultimate Team Points
Volleyball Team Points and sets, rally scoring
Water polo Team Goals
Bat and ball sports
Baseball Team Runs
Cricket Team Runs
Rounders Team Rounders
Softball Team Runs
Racket sports
Badminton Individual or Doubles Points and games, rally scoring
Pickleball Individual or Doubles Points and games, side-out scoring
Racquetball Individual or Doubles Points and games, side-out scoring
Squash Individual Points and games, rally scoring
Table tennis Individual or Doubles Points and games, rally scoring
Tennis Individual or Doubles Points, games, and sets, rally scoring
Tag sports
Atya patya Team Points
Kabaddi Team Points
Kho kho Team Points (tiebreaker based on duration)
World Chase Tag Team Points (tiebreaker based on duration)
Other sports
Auto racing Individual or team Points (some based on duration)
Boxing Individual Points (if time expires)
Curling Team Points
Fencing Individual or team Touches
Ice hockey Team Goals
Polo Team Goals
Roller derby Team Points

References edit

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For scoring in games see Score game Perfect score redirects here For other uses see Perfect score disambiguation This article does not cite any sources Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Score sport news newspapers books scholar JSTOR January 2015 Learn how and when to remove this message In sport score is a quantitative measure of the relative performance of opponents in a sporting discipline Score is usually measured in the abstract unit of points and events in the competition can raise or lower the score of the involved parties Most games with score use it as a quantitative indicator of success in the game and in competition a goal is often made of attaining a better score than one s opponents in order to win A tennis scoreboard Cyril Saulnier has lost the first two sets In team sport the most common point metric is the goal or score Goals are accrued by the respective teams and the match score represents the total score accrued by each team For example in association football and hockey goals are achieved by putting the ball in the opposing team s net Other team sports like rugby baseball and cricket have more complicated scoring procedures The winning team is that which has recorded the best score usually the team with the higher total score a draw or tie is a result in which the competing teams record an equal score sometimes requiring a tiebreaker Individual based sports such as golf and tennis have points based scoring as well These may be abstract quantities defined for the sport or more natural measures such as a distance or duration Each competing athlete accrues points based on the sport s scoring system and the athlete with the best score is deemed the winner In some sports the best score is that of the competitor with the highest score such as in tennis or high jump In other sports the best score is that of the competitor with the lowest score such as in golf or the 100 metres sprint Most sports have time limits which means point based victories are usually the result of obtaining more points than one s opponent In others the winner must achieve a fixed number of points sooner than the rival In some sports there is a perfect score that is the highest attainable such as a 6 0 or 10 0 In boxing and mixed martial arts a match runs an agreed number of timed rounds each scored at its conclusion with a mandatory 10 points for winning and 9 or fewer for losing depending on relative inefficiency If either player scores a knockout or submission they immediately win the match regardless of points or time Auto racing editEach motor racing series has a points system and a set of rules and regulations that define how points are accrued Nearly all series award points according to the finishing position of the competitors in each race Some series only award points for a certain number of finishing positions In Formula One for example only the top ten finishers get points Drivers may be forced to finish the race or complete a certain number of the laps in order to score points In some series points are also awarded based on lap leading lap times overtaking and qualifying positions in particular by achieving pole positions and fastest laps In NASCAR for example besides receiving points depending on the final standings one point is awarded for leading a lap and one point for leading the most laps in the race In other series such as for the National Hot Rod Association points are awarded for attempting the race along with a podium finish in any of the four qualifying rounds as an incentive to have drivers participate week after week to compete Scoring by sport editEach sport has a system by which scoring is determined and tracked Sports that use duration include many disciplines in athletics track events of track and field road running cross country running and racewalking and skiing alpine skiing and cross country skiing Other disciplines are scored based on a distance or height including the athletics disciplines of shot put discus throw hammer throw javelin throw long jump triple jump high jump and pole vault Some sports have scoring based on a duration to which is added a penalty time based on the events of the competition For example in biathlon an athlete is made to ski a penalty loop for each target missed in the target shooting portion of the event causing an increase in the athlete s elapsed time in the competition In the equestrian discipline of show jumping the duration of the performance is complemented with faults which are assessed for exceeding a maximum allowable time for the event time fault or if the horse refuses to jump over an obstacle or knocks down a rail of an obstacle In most racket sports and net sports a single point is earned when the other team commits a fault or rule infraction Most such sports apply rally scoring in which case either team can earn a point regardless of who is serving but some apply side out scoring where only the serving team can earn a point Tennis utilizes rally scoring but has specialized rules for tracking the score Sport Type Score system Athletics Cross country running Individual or team Duration Decathlon heptathlon and pentathlon Individual Points based on event distance or duration High jump Individual Distance height Long jumpRunning and standing long jump running and standing triple jump Individual Distance length Pole vault Individual Distance height RunningTrack sprint middle and long distance obstacle hurdles steeplechase road long distance marathon race walking Individual Duration Running relayTrack relay 4 100 m 4 200 m 4 400 m 4 800 m medley sprint distance Swedish relay Ekiden Team Duration ThrowingDiscus hammer javelin shot put Individual Distance length Ball sports Association football Team Goals Australian rules football Team Points goals behinds Basketball Team Points Bocce Team Points Bowling five nine and ten pin candlepin duckpin Individual Points Camogie Team Points goals Field hockey Team Goals Fistball Team Points and sets Gaelic football Team Points goals Golf Individual Par score Gridiron football American Canadian Team Points Hurling Team Points goals Lacrosse field and box Team Goals Netball Team Goals Rugby league Team Points Rugby union Team Points Team handball Team Goals Ultimate Team Points Volleyball Team Points and sets rally scoring Water polo Team Goals Bat and ball sports Baseball Team Runs Cricket Team Runs Rounders Team Rounders Softball Team Runs Racket sports Badminton Individual or Doubles Points and games rally scoring Pickleball Individual or Doubles Points and games side out scoring Racquetball Individual or Doubles Points and games side out scoring Squash Individual Points and games rally scoring Table tennis Individual or Doubles Points and games rally scoring Tennis Individual or Doubles Points games and sets rally scoring Tag sports Atya patya Team Points Kabaddi Team Points Kho kho Team Points tiebreaker based on duration World Chase Tag Team Points tiebreaker based on duration Other sports Auto racing Individual or team Points some based on duration Boxing Individual Points if time expires Curling Team Points Fencing Individual or team Touches Ice hockey Team Goals Polo Team Goals Roller derby Team PointsReferences edit Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Score sport amp oldid 1224523775 Scoring by sport, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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