The Quanrong (Chinese: 犬戎; pinyin: Quǎnróng) or Dog Rong[a] were an ethnic group, classified by the ancient Chinese as "Qiang", active in the northwestern part of China during and after the Zhou dynasty (1046–221 BCE). Their language or languages are considered to have been members of the Tibeto-Burman branch of the Sino-Tibetan languages.
Scholars believe Quanrong was a later name for the Xianyun 猃狁 (written with xian, defined as a kind of dog with a long snout [Erya] or a black dog with a yellow face [Shuowen Jiezi]). According to sinologist Li Feng, "It is very probable that when the term Xianyun came to be written with the two characters 獫狁, the notion of 'dog' associated with the character xian thus gave rise to the term Quanrong 犬戎, or the 'Dog Barbarians'."[1]
Claiming ancestry from two white dogs, the Quanrong tribe worshipped a totem in the form of a white dog.[citation needed] They are classified as a nomadic tribe of the Qiang and were the sworn enemies of the Yanhuang tribe.
Former Emperor Gaoxin's (father of Emperor Yao) enemies were the Quanrong. The Emperor suffered violent invasion at their hands but did not retaliate.
The Discourses of Zhou in the Guoyu records that at the time of King Mu of Zhou the power of the Quanrong gradually increased. Conflicts during the king's reign made him consider a punitive expedition to the west against them. Duke of Zhai was against his father's plan: "this is not advisable. The illustrious former Emperors[b] did not advocate the use of force."[2] King Mu did not listen but won an unexpected victory in the subsequent clash, capturing the five kings of the Quanrong along with five white wolves and five white deer.
In 771 BCE, the Marquess of Shen invited the Quanrong to join him in an attack on King You of Zhou. The joint force subsequently occupied the Zhōu capital Haojing, killing King You and capturing his concubine Bao Si. In the end, the invaders left after taking a tribute from the Zhou and stealing the Nine Tripod Cauldrons. Duke Xiang of Qin sent an army to assist the Zhou as well as troops to escort King You's son King Ping of Zhou to the eastern capital of Chengzhou, effectively ending the Western Zhou and ushering in the beginning of the Eastern Zhou dynasty and the Spring and Autumn period.
quanrong, chinese, 犬戎, pinyin, quǎnróng, rong, were, ethnic, group, classified, ancient, chinese, qiang, active, northwestern, part, china, during, after, zhou, dynasty, 1046, their, language, languages, considered, have, been, members, tibeto, burman, branch,. The Quanrong Chinese 犬戎 pinyin Quǎnrong or Dog Rong a were an ethnic group classified by the ancient Chinese as Qiang active in the northwestern part of China during and after the Zhou dynasty 1046 221 BCE Their language or languages are considered to have been members of the Tibeto Burman branch of the Sino Tibetan languages Contents 1 Etymology 2 History 3 See also 4 Notes 5 ReferencesEtymology EditScholars believe Quanrong was a later name for the Xianyun 猃狁 written with xian defined as a kind of dog with a long snout Erya or a black dog with a yellow face Shuowen Jiezi According to sinologist Li Feng It is very probable that when the term Xianyun came to be written with the two characters 獫狁 the notion of dog associated with the character xian thus gave rise to the term Quanrong 犬戎 or the Dog Barbarians 1 Claiming ancestry from two white dogs the Quanrong tribe worshipped a totem in the form of a white dog citation needed They are classified as a nomadic tribe of the Qiang and were the sworn enemies of the Yanhuang tribe History EditAccording to the Book of the Later Han Former Emperor Gaoxin s father of Emperor Yao enemies were the Quanrong The Emperor suffered violent invasion at their hands but did not retaliate The Discourses of Zhou in the Guoyu records that at the time of King Mu of Zhou the power of the Quanrong gradually increased Conflicts during the king s reign made him consider a punitive expedition to the west against them Duke of Zhai was against his father s plan this is not advisable The illustrious former Emperors b did not advocate the use of force 2 King Mu did not listen but won an unexpected victory in the subsequent clash capturing the five kings of the Quanrong along with five white wolves and five white deer In 771 BCE the Marquess of Shen invited the Quanrong to join him in an attack on King You of Zhou The joint force subsequently occupied the Zhōu capital Haojing killing King You and capturing his concubine Bao Si In the end the invaders left after taking a tribute from the Zhou and stealing the Nine Tripod Cauldrons Duke Xiang of Qin sent an army to assist the Zhou as well as troops to escort King You s son King Ping of Zhou to the eastern capital of Chengzhou effectively ending the Western Zhou and ushering in the beginning of the Eastern Zhou dynasty and the Spring and Autumn period At the time of Emperor Ming of Han reigned 58 75 CE it was said More than 1 3 million households roughly six million people offer tribute to the White Wolves and other clans During the reign of Emperor Taizong of Tang reigned 626 649 CE Court Academician Liǔ Kang petitioned The Quanrong violate the mountain passes of Gansu and enter the Tang capital Xi an without bloodshed The traditional base of the Quanrong is modern Weirong Town in Jingning County Gansu 3 See also EditXirong people Shan Rong Murong Gyalrong people Qiang people Khitan people Jurchen people Chunwei Guifang XianyunNotes Edit The Quanrong are sometimes referred to as the Baigǒu 白狗 White Dogs or Bailang 白狼 White Wolves The Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors of Chinese mythology References Edit Li Feng 2006 Landscape And Power In Early China Cambridge University Press Page 346 Duke of Zhai advises against expedition against the Quanrong in Chinese 静宁威戎镇 犬戎定鼎之地 Archived from the original on 2011 07 19 Retrieved 2010 03 21 Lectures on Wolf Totem in Chinese Retrieved February 2010 Jiang Rong Goldblatt Howard translator 2008 03 27 Wolf Totem Penguin ISBN 978 1 59420 156 1 a href Template Citation html title Template Citation citation a first2 has generic name help Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Quanrong amp oldid 1058929945, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
