King You of Zhou (Chinese: 周幽王; pinyin: Zhōu Yōu Wáng; 795–771 BC), personal name Ji Gongsheng, was the twelfth king of the Chinese Zhou dynasty and the last of Western Zhou Dynasty. He reigned from 781 to 771 BC.
In 780 BC, a major earthquake hit Guanzhong. A soothsayer named Bo Yangfu (伯陽甫) considered this an omen foretelling the destruction of the Zhou Dynasty.
In 779 BC, a concubine named Bao Si entered the palace and came into the King You's favour. She bore him a son named Bofu.[1] King You deposed Queen Shen (申后) and Crown Prince Yijiu. He made Baosi the new queen and Bofu the new crown prince.[2]
It is said that Baosi did not laugh easily. After trying many methods and failing, King You tried to amuse his favorite queen by lighting warning beacons and fooling his nobles into thinking that the Quanrong nomads were about to attack. The nobles arrived at the castle only to find themselves laughed at by Baosi. Even after King You had impressed Baosi, he continued to abuse his use of warning beacons and lost the trust of the nobles.[3]
Queen Shen's father, the Marquess of Shen, was furious at the deposition of his daughter and grandson Crown Prince Yijiu and mounted an attack on King You's palace with the Quanrong. King You called for his nobles using the previously abused beacons but none came. In the end, King You and Bofu were killed and Baosi was captured.[4]
After King You died, nobles including the Marquess of Shen, the Marquess of Zeng (繒侯) and Duke Wen of Xu (許文公) supported the deposed Prince Yijiu as King Ping of Zhou[5] to continue the Zhou Dynasty. As the national capital Haojing had suffered severe damage, and was located near the potentially dangerous Quanrong, in 771 BC, King Ping of Zhou moved the capital eastward to Luoyang, thus beginning the Eastern Zhou Dynasty and ushering in the Spring and Autumn period which would last for more than 300 years.[6]
In literature
In the traditional Mao Commentary to the Shijing, the minor court hymn "Cai Shu" (采菽) is said to be a criticism of King You for squandering feudal lords' respect and humiliating them, although this interpretation is disputed.[7]
Family
Queens:
Queen Shen, of the Jiang clan of Shen (申後 姜姓), a daughter of the Marquis of Shen; the mother of Crown Prince Yijiu
Bao Si, of the Du lineage of the Qi clan of Bao (褒姒 祁姓 杜氏; 791–771 BC), a daughter of Du Bo; married in 779 BC; the mother of Crown Prince Bofu
Sons:
Crown Prince Yijiu (太子宜臼; d. 720 BC), ruled as King Ping of Zhou from 770–720 BC
king, zhou, chinese, 周幽王, pinyin, zhōu, yōu, wáng, personal, name, gongsheng, twelfth, king, chinese, zhou, dynasty, last, western, zhou, dynasty, reigned, from, 周幽王king, chinareign781, bcpredecessorking, xuan, zhousuccessorking, ping, zhoubornji, gongsheng795. King You of Zhou Chinese 周幽王 pinyin Zhōu Yōu Wang 795 771 BC personal name Ji Gongsheng was the twelfth king of the Chinese Zhou dynasty and the last of Western Zhou Dynasty He reigned from 781 to 771 BC King You of Zhou周幽王King of ChinaReign781 771 BCPredecessorKing Xuan of ZhouSuccessorKing Ping of ZhouBornJi Gongsheng795 BCDied771 BCSpouseConsort Shen Bao SiIssueKing Ping of ZhouCrown Prince BofuNamesAncestral name Ji 姬 Given name Gōngsheng 宮湦 or Gōngnie 宮涅 HouseZhou dynastyFatherKing Xuan of ZhouMotherQueen Jiang Contents 1 History 2 In literature 3 Family 4 Ancestry 5 See also 6 ReferencesHistory EditIn 780 BC a major earthquake hit Guanzhong A soothsayer named Bo Yangfu 伯陽甫 considered this an omen foretelling the destruction of the Zhou Dynasty In 779 BC a concubine named Bao Si entered the palace and came into the King You s favour She bore him a son named Bofu 1 King You deposed Queen Shen 申后 and Crown Prince Yijiu He made Baosi the new queen and Bofu the new crown prince 2 It is said that Baosi did not laugh easily After trying many methods and failing King You tried to amuse his favorite queen by lighting warning beacons and fooling his nobles into thinking that the Quanrong nomads were about to attack The nobles arrived at the castle only to find themselves laughed at by Baosi Even after King You had impressed Baosi he continued to abuse his use of warning beacons and lost the trust of the nobles 3 Queen Shen s father the Marquess of Shen was furious at the deposition of his daughter and grandson Crown Prince Yijiu and mounted an attack on King You s palace with the Quanrong King You called for his nobles using the previously abused beacons but none came In the end King You and Bofu were killed and Baosi was captured 4 After King You died nobles including the Marquess of Shen the Marquess of Zeng 繒侯 and Duke Wen of Xu 許文公 supported the deposed Prince Yijiu as King Ping of Zhou 5 to continue the Zhou Dynasty As the national capital Haojing had suffered severe damage and was located near the potentially dangerous Quanrong in 771 BC King Ping of Zhou moved the capital eastward to Luoyang thus beginning the Eastern Zhou Dynasty and ushering in the Spring and Autumn period which would last for more than 300 years 6 In literature EditIn the traditional Mao Commentary to the Shijing the minor court hymn Cai Shu 采菽 is said to be a criticism of King You for squandering feudal lords respect and humiliating them although this interpretation is disputed 7 Family EditQueens Queen Shen of the Jiang clan of Shen 申後 姜姓 a daughter of the Marquis of Shen the mother of Crown Prince Yijiu Bao Si of the Du lineage of the Qi clan of Bao 褒姒 祁姓 杜氏 791 771 BC a daughter of Du Bo married in 779 BC the mother of Crown Prince BofuSons Crown Prince Yijiu 太子宜臼 d 720 BC ruled as King Ping of Zhou from 770 720 BC Crown Prince Bofu 太子伯服 779 771 BC Ancestry EditKing Yih of Zhou 899 892 BC King Yi of Zhou d 878 BC Wang Bo JiangKing Li of Zhou 890 828 BC Wang Ji of EKing Xuan of Zhou d 782 BC Shen Jiang of ShenKing You of Zhou d 771 BC Duke Gui of Qi d 902 BC Duke Xian of Qi d 850 BC Duke Wu of QiQueen Jiang of QiSee also EditFamily tree of ancient Chinese emperorsReferences Edit Revised Chinese Dictionary Ministry of Education Taiwan Sima Qian Records of the Grand Historian Vol 4 Giles Herbert A 1912 The Civilization of China Tutis Digital Publishing ISBN 81 320 0448 5 Chapter 1 Cambridge History of Ancient China 1999 pages 546 and 551 Bamboo Annals Phương Thi Danh 2001 Nien biểu lịch sử Trung Quốc Shih Ching Minor court hymns Yuzao Zhi Shi Cai Shu King You of ZhouZhou Dynasty Died 771 BCRegnal titlesPreceded byKing Xuan of Zhou King of China781 771 BC Succeeded byKing Ping of Zhou Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title King You of Zhou amp oldid 1104290025, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
