Palicourea tomentosa, many synonyms, including Psychotria poeppigiana, is a plantspecies in the familyRubiaceae. A common name is sore-mouth bush,[1] though it is not very often used.
Palicourea tomentosa is a large shrub. The inflorescences are carried upright or semi-erect and are surrounded by large bracts, colored a conspicuous red, that attract pollinators. The flowers themselves are inconspicuous, with the small yellow petals and sepals forming a narrow corollar tube. Pollinators are mainly hummingbirds, namely small hermit (Phaethornithinae) species like the black-throated hermit (Phaethornis atrimentalis), straight-billed hermit (P. bourcieri) and reddish hermit (P. ruber). They do not insert their bills deeply into the small flowers, and thus the pollinators of the sore-mouth bush include curved- and straight-billed species alike.[2]
In 2011, Hungarian botanist Attila Borhidi published reclassification of Mexican Psychotria species, transferring Psychotria poeppigiana into Palicourea tomentosa based on Tapogomea tomentosa.[3] This reclassification has been accepted by Kew.[4]
"... flowers of Psychotria poeppigiana [...] are wrapped in a piece of cloth and affixed to a dog's collar so that it may more easily find the enormous, highly desirable, and decidedly uncommon tapir"[6]
Palicourea tomentosa has several uses in folk medicine; it is widely used as a painkiller besides having some more specialized applications.[citation needed] The Tiriyó of Suriname crush and boil the plant and use the resulting decoction to treat headaches, sprains, rheumatism, muscular pains and bruises.[citation needed] The Wayana, also of Surinam, grind the bark and apply it raw to a particular rash known to them as poispoisi. The bracts are crushed to release the sap, which is then applied into the ear canal to relieve earaches.[citation needed] The decoction from the inflorescence, boiled whole, is credited with antitussive qualities and used as a whooping cough remedy and more generally to treat respiratory tract infections, as are decoctions of the leaves of ssp. barcellana.[5]
Balée, William (1994): Footprints of the Forest: Ka'apor Ethnobotany – the Historical Ecology of Plant Utilization by an Amazonian People. Columbia University Press, New York.
DeFilipps, R.A.; Maina, S.L. & Crepin, J. (2004): Medicinal Plants of the Guianas (Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana). Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution. PDF fulltext
Rodríguez-Flores, Claudia Isabel & Stiles, F. Gary (2005): Análisis ecomorfológico de una comunidad de colibríes ermitaños (Trochilidae, Phaetorninae) y sus flores en la Amazonia colombiana. [Ecomorphological analysis of a community of hermit hummingbirds (Trochilidae, Phaethorninae) and their flowers in Colombian Amazonia]. Ornitología Colombiana3: 7-27 [Spanish with English abstract]. PDF fulltext
Borhidi, A. (2011). "Transfer of the Mexican species of Psychotria subgen. Heteropsychotria to Palicourea based on morphological and molecular evidences". Acta Botanica Hungarica. 53 (3–4): 241–250. doi:10.1556/ABot.53.2011.3-4.4.
Govaerts, R., Ruhsam, M., Andersson, L., Robbrecht, E., Bridson, D., Davis, A., Schanzer, I., Sonké, B. (2019). World Checklist of Rubiaceae. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet; https://wcsp.science.kew.org/namedetail.do?name_id=466178 Retrieved 25 June 2019
External linksedit
Images:
(www.tropicos.org) – Psychotria poeppigiana
December 15, 2023
palicourea, tomentosa, many, synonyms, including, psychotria, poeppigiana, plant, species, family, rubiaceae, common, name, sore, mouth, bush, though, very, often, used, flowering, plantscientific, classificationkingdom, plantaeclade, tracheophytesclade, angio. Palicourea tomentosa many synonyms including Psychotria poeppigiana is a plant species in the family Rubiaceae A common name is sore mouth bush 1 though it is not very often used Palicourea tomentosaFlowering plantScientific classificationKingdom PlantaeClade TracheophytesClade AngiospermsClade EudicotsClade AsteridsOrder GentianalesFamily RubiaceaeGenus PalicoureaSpecies P tomentosaBinomial namePalicourea tomentosa Aubl BorhidiSynonymsMany see textIt ranges widely in the tropical Americas from Chiapas Oaxaca Tabasco and Veracruz in Mexico to the very north of Argentina It does not occur on the Pacific side of the American cordillera however and is thus absent from El Salvador and Chile It is probably also absent from Uruguay and Paraguay 1 Palicourea tomentosa is a large shrub The inflorescences are carried upright or semi erect and are surrounded by large bracts colored a conspicuous red that attract pollinators The flowers themselves are inconspicuous with the small yellow petals and sepals forming a narrow corollar tube Pollinators are mainly hummingbirds namely small hermit Phaethornithinae species like the black throated hermit Phaethornis atrimentalis straight billed hermit P bourcieri and reddish hermit P ruber They do not insert their bills deeply into the small flowers and thus the pollinators of the sore mouth bush include curved and straight billed species alike 2 Contents 1 Taxonomy and names 2 Use by humans 3 See also 4 Footnotes 5 References 6 External linksTaxonomy and names editThis widespread plant has been described under a variety of names today all considered synonyms Callicocca tomentosa Aubl J F Gmel Cephaelis hirsuta M Martens amp Galeotti Cephaelis tomentosa Aubl Vahl Cephaelis vultusmimi Dwyer Evea tomentosa Aubl Standl Psychotria hirsuta M Martens amp Galeotti Mull Arg ex Mart Tapogomea tomentosa Aubl Uragoga poeppigiana Mull Arg Kuntze Uragoga tomentosa Aubl K Schum In 2011 Hungarian botanist Attila Borhidi published reclassification of Mexican Psychotria species transferring Psychotria poeppigiana into Palicourea tomentosa based on Tapogomea tomentosa 3 This reclassification has been accepted by Kew 4 Local names include Carib languages Guiana Carib yo nu ne mah Akuriyo ku ri lu eh nah pe da Tiriyo 5 North Amazonian Carib kaia eno mio Akawaio 5 Central Carib pe yah o tih puh Wayana 5 Creole languages radie zore French Guiana Creole soldier s cap Guyanese Creole 5 Tupi Guarani languages tapi i kanami Ka apor meaning tapir kanami Kanami is the Ka apor term for poison used in fishing prepared from Clibadium The name references both plant s real or presumed property of making animals more accessible to hunters see below 6 Use by humans editThe Ka apor people of Maranhao Brazil use its flowers as a hunting fetish a magical talisman to facilitate hunting As the Tulane University anthropologist and historical ecologist William Balee describes it flowers of Psychotria poeppigiana are wrapped in a piece of cloth and affixed to a dog s collar so that it may more easily find the enormous highly desirable and decidedly uncommon tapir 6 Palicourea tomentosa has several uses in folk medicine it is widely used as a painkiller besides having some more specialized applications citation needed The Tiriyo of Suriname crush and boil the plant and use the resulting decoction to treat headaches sprains rheumatism muscular pains and bruises citation needed The Wayana also of Surinam grind the bark and apply it raw to a particular rash known to them as poispoisi The bracts are crushed to release the sap which is then applied into the ear canal to relieve earaches citation needed The decoction from the inflorescence boiled whole is credited with antitussive qualities and used as a whooping cough remedy and more generally to treat respiratory tract infections as are decoctions of the leaves of ssp barcellana 5 It also contains dimethyltryptamine citation needed though as suggested by the use native peoples make of it probably not in quantities to render it strongly psychedelic See also editPsychedelic plantsFootnotes edit a b USDA 2006 Rodriguez Flores amp Stiles 2005 Borhidi 2011 248 Govaerts et al 2019 a b c d e DeFilipps et al 2004 p 247 a b Balee 1994 p 105References editBalee William 1994 Footprints of the Forest Ka apor Ethnobotany the Historical Ecology of Plant Utilization by an Amazonian People Columbia University Press New York DeFilipps R A Maina S L amp Crepin J 2004 Medicinal Plants of the Guianas Guyana Surinam French Guiana Department of Botany National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution PDF fulltext Rodriguez Flores Claudia Isabel amp Stiles F Gary 2005 Analisis ecomorfologico de una comunidad de colibries ermitanos Trochilidae Phaetorninae y sus flores en la Amazonia colombiana Ecomorphological analysis of a community of hermit hummingbirds Trochilidae Phaethorninae and their flowers in Colombian Amazonia Ornitologia Colombiana 3 7 27 Spanish with English abstract PDF fulltext United States Department of Agriculture USDA 2006 Germplasm Resources Information Network Psychotria poeppigiana Mull Arg Version of 2006 AUG 21 Retrieved 2008 DEC 21 Borhidi A 2011 Transfer of the Mexican species of Psychotria subgen Heteropsychotria to Palicourea based on morphological and molecular evidences Acta Botanica Hungarica 53 3 4 241 250 doi 10 1556 ABot 53 2011 3 4 4 Govaerts R Ruhsam M Andersson L Robbrecht E Bridson D Davis A Schanzer I Sonke B 2019 World Checklist of Rubiaceae Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Published on the Internet https wcsp science kew org namedetail do name id 466178 Retrieved 25 June 2019External links editImages www tropicos org Psychotria poeppigiana Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Palicourea tomentosa amp oldid 1160269489, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
