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Prince George, British Columbia

January 10, 2023

Prince George is the largest city in northern British Columbia, Canada, with a city population of 76,708[3] and a metro census agglomeration population of 89,490.[4] It is often called the province's "northern capital"[5] or sometimes the "spruce capital" because it is the hub city for Northern BC. It is situated at the confluence of the Fraser and Nechako rivers, and at the crossroads of Highway 16 and Highway 97.

Prince George
City
City of Prince George
An aerial view of Prince George
Flag
Logo
Motto: 
"Shaping A Northern Destiny"
Prince George
Location of Prince George
Prince George
Prince George (Canada)
Prince George
Prince George (North America)
Coordinates: 53°45′47″N 122°44′43″W / 53.76306°N 122.74528°W / 53.76306; -122.74528[1]Coordinates: 53°45′47″N 122°44′43″W / 53.76306°N 122.74528°W / 53.76306; -122.74528[1]
CountryCanada
ProvinceBritish Columbia
Indigenous territoriesUnceded Lheidli T'enneh territory
Regional districtFraser–Fort George
Established1807
IncorporatedMarch 6, 1915
Government
 • MayorSimon Yu
 • Governing bodyPrince George City Council
 • MPsTodd Doherty (CPC)
Bob Zimmer (CPC)
 • MLAsShirley Bond (BC Liberal)
Mike Morris (BC Liberal)
Area
[2]
 • City318.26 km2 (122.88 sq mi)
Elevation
575 m (1,886 ft)
Population
 (2021)[2]
 • City76,708
 • Density242.2/km2 (627/sq mi)
 • Metro
89,490
Time zoneUTC−08:00 (PST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−07:00 (PDT)
Forward sortation area
V2K – V2N
Area code(s)250, 778, 236, 672
Websiteprincegeorge.ca

History

 
Prince George's welcome sign

The origins of Prince George can be traced to the North West Company fur trading post of Fort George, which was established in 1807 by Simon Fraser and named in honour of King George III.[6] The post was centred in the centuries-old homeland of the Lheidli T'enneh First Nation, whose very name means "people of the confluence of the two rivers." The Lheidli T'enneh name began to see official use around the 1990s and the band is otherwise historically referred to as Fort George Indian Band.[7]

1800s

 
Fort George trading post (1880)

Throughout the 19th century, HBC Fort George trading post remained unchanged, and Fort St. James reigned as the main trading post and capital of the New Caledonia area. Even during the Cariboo Gold Rush, Fort George was isolated although Quesnel prospered as the Cariboo Road was built to its doorstep, making it the main staging area for the miners going to the goldfields at Barkerville. Then, when the Collins Overland Telegraph Trail was built in 1865–67, it bypassed Fort George trading post, following the Blackwater Trail from Quesnel and continuing northwest towards Hazelton. In the late 1800s many Lheidli T'enneh lived in a village built next to the HBC trading post due to the ease of preparing furs and trading directly, without great distances to travel.[8]

Townsite development and the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway

In 1903, the area's fortune began to change when reports said that the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway (later part of Canadian National Railway) would pass near the fur trading post.[9] In 1906, agricultural settlement began around the HBC post and then in 1909, development of two townsites began as two rival land speculation companies built the communities of South Fort George and Fort George (sometimes referred to as Central Fort George[9][8]). South Fort George was built on the Fraser River near to and just south of the Hudson's Bay Company's trading post.[8] The GTP meanwhile was trying to acquire land for its own townsite which delayed the constructions of what would become Prince George for several years.[9]

Fort George townsite

 
Plan of the Fort George townsite

Fort George townsite was built 3.2 km (2 mi) to the northwest on the Nechako River. The name had been registered by the district lot original purchasers with some concerns due to its similarity to the HBC trading post's name. George Hammond, the CEO of the Natural Resources Security Company, bought nine district lots and promoted his community of Fort George in exaggerated and questionable advertisements all over Canada and Britain, describing Fort George in glowing terms as being the future hub of British Columbia, the "Chicago of the north",[8] and having mild winters and being suitable for any agricultural endeavour.[9] Hammond claimed the existence of buildings and facilities in advertising when none existed at the time.[10] Lots sold in 1912 for $400, rising to $500-$1,000 by 1913.[10]

Ten paddle steamer sternwheelers serviced the area, coming up on the Fraser River from Soda Creek[11] docking at both South Fort George and Fort George Townsite.

South Fort George

Main article: South Fort George
 
Aerial view of Prince George. South Fort George prominent in the lower right side.
 

South Fort George developed close to the near defunct HBC post, along the Fraser River after being purchased in 1909 by the Northern Development Company, with lots going on sale in 1910. BC Express Company paddle wheelers landed in South Fort George and the area grew with speculation about the railway coming to the area. South Fort George would remain its own community until 1976 when it incorporated into the City of Prince George.[12]

Growth and creation of Prince George

 
Plan of Prince George (1913)

Properties were sold in both of the townsites with railway speculation driving up prices.[9] By 1913, South Fort George and Fort George each had a population of around 1,500 and were booming as thousands of rail construction workers came to town for supplies and entertainment.[13] Both communities believed that the Grand Trunk Pacific station would be built in their town, and both were disappointed when the railway purchased the 553 ha (1,366 acres) of land in between them from the Lhiedli T'enneh instead, even though Charles Vance Millar, then the owner of the BC Express Company, was well into negotiations to purchase that property himself.[14][8] The railway compensated Millar by giving him 81 ha (200 acres) of the property and, by 1914, when the railway was completed and the first train arrived, there were four major communities in the area: South Fort George, Fort George Townsite, the Millar Addition and the railway's townsite, Prince George, where the station was built.[8] Hammond also developed his lots further, including additions such as Central Fort George. Although George Hammond fought a series of bitter legal battles for a railway station in Fort George. The Railway argued against a station in Fort George as it was their investment and risk, thus they would build a station in a townsite of their own (Prince George).[9] Plans for the townsite for Prince George were created by Brett and Hall of Boston, and the land cleared in May 1913.[6]

Fort George, South Fort George, and Prince George pursued the right to incorporate with initial proposals including all three townsites. The GTP shows no interest in including Fort George, and South Fort George left the negotiations.[9] The GTP lands now knows as the City of Prince George were incorporated on March 6, 1915, following the borders of the 1,366 acres they had initially acquired.[9] At this time, many owners of Prince George businesses, particularly ones on George Street, lived in South Fort George.[9] As the Prince George townsite developed and grew, many buildings were moved from the older townsites to the new business areas of Prince George, often being rolled into the city.[6]

Lheidli T'enneh Village and the railway

In 1908, the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway identified the Reserve No.1 land as an ideal area for a railway and station site, and attempted to claim all the 1366 acres as needed for railway purposes, and thus circumvent negotiations with the Department of Indian Affairs.[8] This was rejected. The Department of Indian Affairs wished to protect the Lheidli T'enneh's interests but also supported railway development. By 1910 the DIA agent in the area was concerned about the influence of white settlers on the Lheidli T'enneh, including the supply of liquor to the village and that "civilization has overtaken them too rapidly"[8] DIA Indian Agent John McDougall however saw that the Lheidli T'enneh had come to see the value of the land and employed that in negotiations.[8]

Between 1908 and 1911 several offers for the acquisition of the Reserve No.1 lands were made by the GTP and others such as Charles Millar (of BC Express) who wanted to develop the land. The Department of Indian Affairs in conjunction with railroad representatives made several offers for the land.[8] In 1910 Chief Louis described the attachment to the land and village to McDougall, who reported that "Land, Cash, and farm equipment" would be needed to overcome resistance, and the band was considered to be averse to a sale. McDougall met with Chief Louis again in December 1910 offering $68,300 ($50/acre) but Chief Louis told McDougall that "they could not in their present mind surrender this reserve".[8] A vote was held at a meeting two days later with members of the Band over age 21. The vote approved the surrender of the reserve land 12–11, but Chief Louis asked to talk with his people and the Band did not consider the vote final. The Band appointed Oblate Missionary E.C Bellot as an emissary to Ottawa with a larger cash demand of $1000 per acre, which was refused by DIA representatives.[8] Upon return to Fort George, a new vote by the Band unanimously turned down the sale. During this time, the business developers of Fort George Townsite opposed the sale of the reserve lands as it would lead to its rival building a competing town while South Fort George, which was built close to the old HBC Post and the village, welcomed the railway and its townsite.[8]

 
The Lheidli T'enneh village in 1910. This is now Lheidli T'enneh Memorial Park.

In 1911, federal Indian agent W.J. MacAllan took on the negotiations with assistance from Nicolas Coccola, a reverend. Coccola had interests in the well-being of the Lheidli T'enneh but was also negotiating on behalf of the railway company which might connect to his mission on Stuart Lake.[8] Father Coccola had wanted to relocated the Lheidli T'enneh to a safer area where they would be away from settlers and could be schooled in agriculture and in religion. Coccola suggested to the band that "if it tolerated intoxicating liquor and moral disorders, he would be the first to insist to have them removed".[8] Coccola made several statements that he would convince or persuade the Band to relocate if they refused offers, and even involved himself in pricing amounts that could be offers to the Lheidli T'enneh. With several offers and refusals, the Lheidli T'enneh saw a split in support for a land sale. Chief Louis favored the surrender of the land, but Joseph Quah, an influential leader in the Band, wanted a higher price.[8]

On 18 November 1911, The Fort George Indian Band eventually agreed to sell the Reserve No.1 lands for $125,000 (one quarter to be paid immediately) which included $25,000 for construction on reserve No.2 and No.3 and the preservation of the original village cemetery. The band committed to relocate by June 1912. The vote for this agreement saw 32 in favor and one against, and three abstentions. The timeline was difficult to keep as new buildings had to be constructed. Delays in contracts being awarded by the government to build a new village meant that few could move by the deadline and Band members planted crops needed later in the year. The June 1912 payment was withheld as the DIA saw the planting as refusal to leave.[8] Chief Louis argued that the agreement stated that the payment was to be made in June and was not contingent on relocation. Winter was also coming and the crops would be needed if the new village was not built or supplies given to the Band.[8]

The new village was completed in 1913 with Band members moving there in September. The old village was destroyed "to force the Indians away"[8] and ensure that it was not reoccupied. The Fort George Herald reported the destruction of the old village as "the torch of the white man will be thrust into the remaining houses and the village will disappear quietly in a cloud of smoke".[8] Indian Agent W. J. MacAllan's accounts of the situation reveal a need on his part and the part of the GTP to strong arm the bandmembers out, targeting two cabins in the village that were empty as the residents were away hinting "I knew that to set fire to the cabins would cause a flare up of intense excitement and give me the break I needed, for a crisis had to be created before the deadlock could be broken".[7]

 
City view from LC Gunn Park. Lheidli T'enneh Memorial Park is seen across the river.

The site of Reserve No.2 (Shelley) was much further away from the new Prince George townsite and other communities. The land was not particularly fertile for agriculture and the Band suffered economically.[8] The site of the old village and the HBC post would become Fort George Park (renamed Lheidli T'enneh Memorial Park in 2015).[15] The Cemetery would become Reserve No.1A.

Etymology

There were three rationales given for naming the new city as Prince George:[9]

  • In 1911, Grand Trunk Railway documents justified the name to clearly distinguish it from nearby Fort George neighbourhoods.[9]
  • In 1914, the railway said that the name would honour the recently crowned King George V. One suggestion recommended the name George.[9]
  • A third rationale was to honour Prince George, Duke of Kent, the fourth son of reigning King George V.[16]

Businessmen in Fort George petitioned the provincial government to block the new name but they were unsuccessful.[16][9] In May 1915, residents voted by plebiscite to name the new city as Prince George with a vote of 153–13.[17][9]

First World War

 
Prince George (1914). The large building in the centre is the PG Hotel.

With the onset of World War I in 1914, the local economy was devastated as many local men enlisted and the construction of the Pacific Great Eastern Railway was halted, creating a massive drop in population. Many men enlisted in Prince George from the surrounding communities and were primarily sent to Vernon, BC for training before being shipped overseas. 17 names of soldiers who died in World War I are inscribed on the cenotaph, although many more enlisted. Population decline continued with the ensuing Spanish flu epidemic of 1918.[18] The epidemic took at least fifty lives in the area, including First Nation's leaders[19]

1920s and 1930s

Prince George persevered through the 1920s and the Great Depression of the 1930s and did not experience any significant growth until World War II when an army camp was built at the foot of Cranbrook Hill, bringing new life to the struggling businesses and service industries. The Great Depression saw massive decline in lumber production in the region, falling from 105 million board feet in 1929 to only 15 million board feet by 1932 and a significant increase in unemployment.[20] Unemployed men were often housed in one of several relief camps east of Prince George, where the men works on construction projects or remained idle, but away from the city of Prince George.[20] Between 1930 and 1935, Prince George and the work camps were home to labor protests and sit ins organized by a local branch of the Communist sympathizing National Unemployed Workers Association, who sought basic needs for the unemployed.[20]

In the 1920s air transport began with sea planes and landing on Central Avenue. In the 1930s Prince George saw air transport increase and became a hub for air mail to Takla Landing, Fort Saint James, and Manson Landing, later including stops in Edmonton, Whitehorse, and Fort Nelson and an airport was developed by Carney Hill (The Golf Course today).[6] In 1939, Prince George was selected as a spot for an aerodrome, and construction began on what is now YXS Prince George Airport.[6]

Second World War

Army Camp Prince George was opened during WWII and once housed 6,000 soldiers. From March 1942 to October 1943, divisional troops and units of the 16th Infantry Brigade (8th Canadian Infantry Division) were housed there. The camp was located in the area of 1st Street, Central Street, 15th Avenue, to the bottom of Cranbrook Hill. Barracks were built to house the soldiers, dining halls constructed to feed them, and wet canteens for their leisure and entertainment. There were rifle ranges, mortar ranges and artillery ranges. The camp closed at the end of the war. Most of the buildings were either demolished or moved to new locations, although some remain in their original locations, such as the former transportation building on 15th Avenue, that was used by the British Columbia Forestry Service from the late 1940s to 1963. It is now owned by the City of Prince George for use by the Community Arts Council. The Nechako Bottle Depot on First Avenue is also another former camp building. Others include the first Overwaitea store, at Victoria and Third, formerly a barracks and the original civic centre, which was the old drill shed, was removed and rebuilt on Seventh Avenue.[21][22] Population during the war saw 2,027 in 1941 rising to 3,800 in Prince George by 1945.[6]

After the war, as the ravaged European cities rebuilt, the demand for lumber skyrocketed and Prince George, with its abundance of sawmills and spruce trees, prospered.[23] Finally, in 1952, after 40 years of construction, the Pacific Great Eastern was completed and joined with the CN line at Prince George, and with the completion of Highways 16 and 97, Prince George finally fulfilled George Hammond's long ago promise of being the hub of British Columbia.

Modern history

 
A general view from Prince George

Canadian Forces Station Baldy Hughes (ADC ID: C-20) was constructed in 1952 as a General Surveillance Radar station. It was located 35.9 km (22.3 mi) south-southwest of Prince George, and was closed in 1988. It was operated as part of the Pinetree Line network controlled by the North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD). Today the former station is The Baldy Hughes Addiction Treatment Centre. The original radar system has been removed and the location now operates a weather station and Nav Canada system.

In 1953, (Central) Fort George Townsite incorporated into the City of Prince George.

On June 25, 1956, at just after 7 p.m., a Lockheed P-38 Lightning fighter plane built in 1943 (serial number 8300, bearing Canadian registration CF-HSC) flown by Frank Samuel Pynn, out of the Prince George Airport, was observed flying in an unsafe manner, it went into a half roll, seemed to fall over on its back and nosed into a deep ravine in the cut-banks on the north side of town approximately one kilometre from the city centre. Pilot Frank Pynn, a former Royal Air Force Transport Command pilot, and his passenger, 15-year-old Jimmy Clarke, died on impact. Alcohol consumption was believed to be a factor in the crash and the Coroner's inquest found that Pynn died "through his own neglect and complete disregard for the Aeronautical Regulations of Canada." The wreckage is still there; however, most pieces are less than 2 m (6 ft 7 in) in length.[24][25]

In 1964 the first pulp mill, Prince George Pulp and Paper was built, followed by two more in 1966, Northwood Pulp and Intercontinental Pulp.[26] New schools and more housing were needed and the new subdivisions of Spruceland, Lakewood, Perry and Highglen were built. Then, in 1975, Prince George amalgamated and extended its borders to include the Hart area to the north, Pineview to the south and the old town of South Fort George to the east. In 1981, Prince George was the second largest city in British Columbia with a population of 67,559, narrowly edging Victoria out of the honour, whose population was then 64,379.[27]

Low-lying areas adjacent to the confluence of the rivers, which can freeze, mean that those areas suffer recurring flooding.[28] In late 2007 an ice jam formed on the Nechako River and soon grew to a length of more than 6 km (3.7 mi), causing widespread flooding in the city. Faster runoff due to devastation of nearby lodgepole pine forests by the mountain pine beetle was identified as a contributing factor. A state of emergency was declared on December 11. On January 14, 2008, with the ice jam still present, the Provincial Emergency Program approved an unprecedented plan to melt the ice by piping water from a pulp mill steam plant 2.7 km (1.7 mi) to the jam area where it would be mixed with well water and poured into the river at a temperature of 15 °C (59 °F). In the interim an amphibious excavator was used for 10 days to move some of the ice. Costing C$400,000 to build and C$3,000 per day to run, the "Warm Water System" was completed on January 29, by which time the ice jam had grown to 25 km (16 mi) long.[29][30][31][32][33][34][35]

As a result of long-term lobbying from local groups (championed by local advocate Sheldon Clare, and members of 396 Air Cadet Squadron, 2618 Army Cadet Corps, 158 Sea Cadet Corps, 142 Navy League Corps, Branch 43 Royal Canadian Legion, and the Peacekeepers Association) in February 2011, Canadian Armed Forces 39 Canadian Brigade Group Headquarters announced that a detachment of the Rocky Mountain Rangers Army Reserve unit was to be formed in Prince George. In 2014, the Rocky Mountain Rangers increased recruiting efforts in the community to reach platoon and then company size.[36]

Prince George hosted the 2015 Canada Winter Games.[37]

Geography

 
These cut banks on the Nechako River are Prince George's signature natural landmark.

Prince George is located in the Regional District of Fraser-Fort George near the transition between the northern and southern portions of the Rocky Mountain Trench. Prince George proper contains several areas: South Fort George, the Hart, the residential and light industrial neighbourhoods north of the Nechako River; College Heights, the southern part of the city which contains a mix of residential and commercial areas, and the Bowl, the valley that includes most of the city and the downtown. There are also a number of outlying localities that are also part of Prince George, such as Carlson. The cutbanks of the Nechako River are one of Prince George's many interesting geological features.

Local wild edible fruit include bunchberries, rose hips, blueberries, cranberries, chokecherries, strawberries, raspberries, saskatoons, currants,[clarification needed] gooseberries, and soapberries (from which "Indian ice cream" is made). Morel mushrooms are also native to this area.

Climate

The area has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification Dfb), but is very close to (and once had) a subarctic climate (Dfc) as May and September averages are both close to the 10 °C (50 °F) threshold. Winters are milder than the latitude and elevation might suggest: the January average is −9.6 °C (14.7 °F), and there are an average of 38 days from December to February where the high reaches or surpasses freezing. Winter months in which Pacific air masses dominate may thaw on a majority of days, as in January 2006 when the mean daily maximum temperature was 1.5 °C (34.7 °F). On the other hand, Arctic air masses can settle over the city for weeks at a time; in rare cases, such as January 1950, the temperature stays well below freezing over a whole calendar month. Summer days are warm, with a July high of 23.1 °C (73.6 °F), but lows are often cool, with monthly lows averaging below 10 °C (50 °F). The transition between winter and summer, however, is short. There is some precipitation year-round, but February to April is the driest period. At the airport snow averages 205.1 cm (80.7 in) each year and is heaviest in December and January, usually, but not always, falling between October and May.

The highest temperature ever recorded in Prince George was 38.9 °C (102.0 °F) on 28 and 29 June 2021.[38] The lowest temperature ever recorded was −50.0 °C (−58.0 °F) on 2 January 1950 at Prince George Airport.[39]

Climate data for Prince George (Sewage Treatment Plant)
Climate ID: 1096468; coordinates 53°52′48″N 122°46′03″W / 53.88000°N 122.76750°W / 53.88000; -122.76750 (Prince George (Sewage Treatment Plant)); elevation: 579.0 m (1,899.6 ft); 1981–2010 normals, extremes 1912–present[a]
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 14.5
(58.1) 		14.4
(57.9) 		21.5
(70.7) 		31.7
(89.1) 		37.5
(99.5) 		39.0
(102.2) 		38.9
(102.0) 		35.6
(96.1) 		33.3
(91.9) 		28.9
(84.0) 		20.0
(68.0) 		12.8
(55.0) 		39.0
(102.2)
Average high °C (°F) −2.9
(26.8) 		0.8
(33.4) 		6.3
(43.3) 		12.3
(54.1) 		17.6
(63.7) 		20.9
(69.6) 		23.1
(73.6) 		22.7
(72.9) 		17.3
(63.1) 		10.0
(50.0) 		1.8
(35.2) 		−2.3
(27.9) 		10.6
(51.1)
Daily mean °C (°F) −6.7
(19.9) 		−3.7
(25.3) 		0.8
(33.4) 		5.9
(42.6) 		10.9
(51.6) 		14.6
(58.3) 		16.6
(61.9) 		16.0
(60.8) 		11.2
(52.2) 		5.4
(41.7) 		−1.5
(29.3) 		−5.8
(21.6) 		5.3
(41.5)
Average low °C (°F) −10.5
(13.1) 		−8.1
(17.4) 		−4.8
(23.4) 		−0.5
(31.1) 		4.2
(39.6) 		8.2
(46.8) 		10.0
(50.0) 		9.1
(48.4) 		5.0
(41.0) 		0.7
(33.3) 		−4.8
(23.4) 		−9.3
(15.3) 		−0.1
(31.8)
Record low °C (°F) −49.4
(−56.9) 		−46.7
(−52.1) 		−37.2
(−35.0) 		−25.0
(−13.0) 		−11.1
(12.0) 		−4.4
(24.1) 		−1.7
(28.9) 		−1.7
(28.9) 		−14.4
(6.1) 		−25.5
(−13.9) 		−36.0
(−32.8) 		−48.9
(−56.0) 		−49.4
(−56.9)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 54.4
(2.14) 		29.0
(1.14) 		27.4
(1.08) 		32.8
(1.29) 		42.4
(1.67) 		61.3
(2.41) 		58.9
(2.32) 		45.9
(1.81) 		53.7
(2.11) 		60.5
(2.38) 		47.7
(1.88) 		44.1
(1.74) 		558.1
(21.97)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 11.6
(0.46) 		8.6
(0.34) 		15.6
(0.61) 		30.3
(1.19) 		42.2
(1.66) 		61.3
(2.41) 		58.9
(2.32) 		45.9
(1.81) 		53.6
(2.11) 		56.0
(2.20) 		24.8
(0.98) 		7.3
(0.29) 		416.1
(16.38)
Average snowfall cm (inches) 42.7
(16.8) 		20.5
(8.1) 		11.8
(4.6) 		2.5
(1.0) 		0.3
(0.1) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.1
(0.0) 		4.5
(1.8) 		22.8
(9.0) 		36.9
(14.5) 		142.0
(55.9)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm) 14.5 10.4 10.7 10.9 12.9 15.3 13.9 12.1 13.2 15.5 14.2 12.5 156.0
Average rainy days (≥ 0.2 mm) 3.9 4.2 7.2 10.2 12.8 15.3 13.9 12.1 13.2 14.7 7.7 3.4 118.4
Average snowy days (≥ 0.2 cm) 11.8 6.9 5.0 1.5 0.31 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.08 1.7 8.2 10.1 45.4
Source: Environment and Climate Change Canada[40][41][42][43]
Climate data for Prince George (Prince George Airport)
WMO ID: 71896; coordinates 53°53′27″N 112°40′44″W / 53.89083°N 112.67889°W / 53.89083; -112.67889 (Prince George Airport); elevation: 691.3 m (2,268 ft); 1981–2010 normals, extremes 1942–present
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high humidex 12.8 12.2 18.5 29.2 35.3 38.4 37.3 36.1 32.7 25.1 16.6 10.9 38.4
Record high °C (°F) 12.8
(55.0) 		12.8
(55.0) 		19.9
(67.8) 		29.7
(85.5) 		36.0
(96.8) 		38.4
(101.1) 		35.6
(96.1) 		33.4
(92.1) 		31.4
(88.5) 		25.2
(77.4) 		18.8
(65.8) 		11.7
(53.1) 		38.4
(101.1)
Average high °C (°F) −4.0
(24.8) 		−0.4
(31.3) 		5.2
(41.4) 		11.2
(52.2) 		16.7
(62.1) 		20.2
(68.4) 		22.4
(72.3) 		22.0
(71.6) 		16.7
(62.1) 		9.4
(48.9) 		1.0
(33.8) 		−3.5
(25.7) 		9.7
(49.5)
Daily mean °C (°F) −7.9
(17.8) 		−5.0
(23.0) 		−0.2
(31.6) 		5.0
(41.0) 		10.1
(50.2) 		13.8
(56.8) 		15.8
(60.4) 		15.0
(59.0) 		10.4
(50.7) 		4.5
(40.1) 		−2.5
(27.5) 		−7.2
(19.0) 		4.3
(39.7)
Average low °C (°F) −11.7
(10.9) 		−9.6
(14.7) 		−5.6
(21.9) 		−1.1
(30.0) 		3.4
(38.1) 		7.3
(45.1) 		9.1
(48.4) 		8.0
(46.4) 		4.0
(39.2) 		−0.5
(31.1) 		−5.9
(21.4) 		−10.9
(12.4) 		−1.1
(30.0)
Record low °C (°F) −50.0
(−58.0) 		−45.0
(−49.0) 		−37.8
(−36.0) 		−25.6
(−14.1) 		−8.3
(17.1) 		−2.8
(27.0) 		−1.7
(28.9) 		−3.9
(25.0) 		−12.2
(10.0) 		−26.5
(−15.7) 		−41.7
(−43.1) 		−45.6
(−50.1) 		−50.0
(−58.0)
Record low wind chill −51.5 −50.7 −46.0 −32.9 −12.5 −4.6 0.0 −3.5 −11.5 −31.8 −48.2 −49.4 −51.5
Average precipitation mm (inches) 52.9
(2.08) 		29.5
(1.16) 		29.7
(1.17) 		36.0
(1.42) 		49.0
(1.93) 		65.3
(2.57) 		62.1
(2.44) 		51.5
(2.03) 		56.3
(2.22) 		63.3
(2.49) 		55.3
(2.18) 		43.9
(1.73) 		594.9
(23.42)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 8.1
(0.32) 		6.7
(0.26) 		12.0
(0.47) 		28.9
(1.14) 		47.2
(1.86) 		65.3
(2.57) 		62.1
(2.44) 		51.5
(2.03) 		55.9
(2.20) 		56.5
(2.22) 		23.9
(0.94) 		5.6
(0.22) 		423.6
(16.68)
Average snowfall cm (inches) 54.6
(21.5) 		28.1
(11.1) 		20.8
(8.2) 		7.4
(2.9) 		1.9
(0.7) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.3
(0.1) 		7.9
(3.1) 		36.2
(14.3) 		47.7
(18.8) 		205.1
(80.7)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm) 15.2 11.7 11.3 10.3 13.5 15.2 14.3 13.1 12.6 15.8 15.6 14.3 162.9
Average rainy days (≥ 0.2 mm) 3.2 3.6 5.7 8.6 13.1 15.2 14.3 13.1 12.6 14.6 7.0 2.6 113.5
Average snowy days (≥ 0.2 cm) 14.0 9.9 7.9 3.3 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 2.6 11.3 13.3 63.4
Average relative humidity (%) 77.4 66.2 52.1 42.4 41.2 45.7 46.8 46.5 51.5 61.5 76.8 78.9 57.3
Mean monthly sunshine hours 49.0 84.0 153.5 204.6 247.5 251.0 286.2 261.8 177.7 108.0 51.2 43.6 1,918.1
Percent possible sunshine 19.7 30.5 41.8 48.7 50.1 49.2 55.8 56.9 46.5 32.9 19.8 18.7 39.2
Source: Environment and Climate Change Canada[39]


Sewer and water utilities

Prince George's drinking water is taken from the Nechako and Fraser Rivers via ten wells. The raw water is disinfected with sodium hypochlorite.[44] The local government treats sewage in a treatment facility in the Lansdowne area, on the west side of the Fraser River, or one of three other smaller treatment facilities on the east side. In the 2014 municipal election, the people of Prince George voted in favour of removing fluoride from their drinking water in a non-binding referendum. Prince George's new mayor and city council, at their first meeting, decided to follow the wishes of its voters. Fluoridation of the city's water supply ended in December 2014.[45]

Air pollution

The Prince George airshed has many local sources of various air pollutants including several major industrial sources (pulp mills, sawmills and an oil refinery), vehicle emissions, locomotives, uncovered coal cars, unpaved and paved road surfaces, vegetative burning and residential and commercial heating.[46] Because a large part of the city and its local sources of air pollution are contained within a valley, there are often meteorological conditions that trap pollutants and result in episodes of poor air quality and unhealthy levels of air pollution exposure in some areas.

More people die in Prince George every year due to diseases associated with air pollutants than any other community in the province, according to data gathered by two BC physicians.[47] Although, "Copes said it was difficult to definitively say certain deaths are caused by pollution because it's not a factor that is easily recognizable."[48]

Demographics

 
Population trend, 1976–2006[49][50][51]
2011 Canadian Census[52] 2016 Canadian Census[52]
Prince George British Columbia Prince George British Columbia
Median age 33.9 years 38.4 years 38.4 years 43.0 years
Under 15 years old 21% 18% 17.5% 14.9%
Over 65 years old 7.6% 14% 14.1% 18.3%
Visible minority 6% 21% 8.9% 30.2%
Protestant 31% 31% n/a n/a
Catholic 21% 17% n/a n/a
Federal census
population history
YearPop.±%
19514,703—    
195610,563+124.6%
196113,877+31.4%
196624,471+76.3%
197149,365+101.7%
197659,929+21.4%
198167,559+12.7%
198667,621+0.1%
199169,653+3.0%
199675,150+7.9%
200172,406−3.7%
200670,981−2.0%
201171,974+1.4%
201674,003+2.8%
202176,708+3.7%
Source: Statistics Canada

[53][54][55]

[56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63]

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Prince George had a population of 76,708 living in 31,793 of its 33,643 total private dwellings, a change of 3.7% from its 2016 population of 74,003. It has a metro census agglomeration population of 89,490.[64] With a land area of 316.74 km2 (122.29 sq mi), it had a population density of 242.2/km2 (627.2/sq mi) in 2021.[65]

In 2001, 23% of households were one-person households, below the 27% average provincewide, and 31% married couples with children, above the 26% average. Prince George had a smaller proportion of married couples than the province, 47% compared to 51%, but very similar persons per households. Only 14% of residents between 20 and 64 years of age completed university, almost half the provincial average, and 22% did not complete high school, similar to the 19% provincial average.

Ethnicity

Panethnic groups in the City of Prince George (2001−2021)
Panethnic
group 		2021[66] 2016[67] 2011[68] 2006[69] 2001[70]
Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. %
European[b] 54,945 73.1% 54,895 75.67% 56,610 79.97% 58,125 82.59% 60,520 84.06%
Indigenous 11,470 15.26% 11,160 15.38% 9,065 12.81% 8,045 11.43% 7,155 9.94%
South Asian 3,820 5.08% 2,525 3.48% 1,935 2.73% 1,785 2.54% 2,160 3%
Southeast Asian[c] 1,670 2.22% 1,270 1.75% 1,090 1.54% 715 1.02% 530 0.74%
East Asian[d] 1,315 1.75% 1,325 1.83% 1,090 1.54% 1,045 1.48% 970 1.35%
African 1,115 1.48% 710 0.98% 575 0.81% 335 0.48% 360 0.5%
Middle Eastern[e] 250 0.33% 195 0.27% 165 0.23% 70 0.1% 0 0%
Latin American 245 0.33% 265 0.37% 140 0.2% 125 0.18% 190 0.26%
Other[f] 330 0.44% 215 0.3% 105 0.15% 130 0.18% 120 0.17%
Total responses 75,160 97.98% 72,550 98.04% 70,790 98.35% 70,375 99.15% 71,995 99.43%
Total population 76,708 100% 74,003 100% 71,974 100% 70,981 100% 72,406 100%
  • Note: Totals greater than 100% due to multiple origin responses.

Religion

According to the 2021 census, religious groups in Prince George included:[66]

Crime

For three consecutive years, from 2010 to 2012, Maclean's named Prince George the most dangerous city in Canada, with its crime rate being 114% above the national average. In 2011, the magazine cited gangs, drug-related crimes, and nine homicides as the reason for its high crime rate, although the magazine did state that the city's crime rate is declining each year.[71][72] In 2016, Prince George was named #4 on the list of the most dangerous cities for violent crime in Canada.[73]

Economy

The economy of Prince George in the first decade of the 21st century has come to be dominated by service industries. The Northern Health Authority, centred in Prince George, has a $450 million annual budget and invested more than $100 million in infrastructure. Part of these investments was the 2012 opening of the BC Cancer Agency's Centre for the North, which includes for radiation therapy facilities and associated buildings for modern cancer care.

Education is another key dominant part of this city. With the University of Northern British Columbia, the College of New Caledonia and School District #57, education adds more than $780 million into the local economy annually.

Forestry dominated the local economy throughout the 20th century, including plywood manufacture, numerous sawmills and three pulp&pellet mills as major employers and customers. The spruce beetle epidemic of the late 1980s and 1990s resulted in a short term boom in the forest industry as companies rushed to cut dead standing trees before the trees lost value.[74] Sawmill closures (and the creation of 'supermills') occurred around 2005,[75] and the largest pellet mill closed in 2022 due to dwindling supply and lack of a sea port.[76] Mining exploration and development may become the future of Prince George. Initiatives Prince George estimates that the Nechako Basin contains over 5,000,000 bbl (790,000 m3) of oil.[77]

Other industry includes two chemical plants, an oil refinery, brewery, dairy, machine shops, aluminum boat building, log home construction, value added forestry product and specialty equipment manufacturing. Prince George is also a staging centre for mining and prospecting, and a major regional transportation, trade and government hub. Several major retailers are expanding into the Prince George market, a trend expected to persist. In recent years, several market research call centres have opened in Prince George.

Heritage, College Heights, Hart Highlands and St. Lawrence Heights are prime residential areas, both commercial and residential development are growing at an accelerated rate and more subdivisions are planned for St. Lawrence Heights, West Cranbrook Hill and East Austin Road.

Education

Prince George's education system encompasses 40 anglophone elementary schools, eight secondary schools,[78] and eight private schools. The anglophone public schools are all part of School District 57 Prince George.[79] It is also home to a public francophone elementary and secondary school, both of which are part of School District 93 Conseil scolaire francophone,[80] a province-wide francophone school district. Post-secondary education choices include the regional College of New Caledonia (CNC),[81] which offers two-year university-transfer courses, plus vocational and professional programs. Several BC universities, British Columbia Institute of Technology (BCIT) and the Open Learning Agency have integrated their local programs with CNC. Prince George is also home to Guardian Aerospace Flight School.[82]

The University of Northern British Columbia[83] (UNBC), established in 1990, is the second-newest university in Canada. A total of 55 undergraduate programs, 15 masters programs and two PhD programs are now offered at UNBC, as well as the new Northern Medical Program,[84] a joint program with the University of British Columbia intended to alleviate the shortage of physicians in the north. A degree-granting institution with regional teaching centres in nine BC communities and a sponsor for several research institutes, UNBC has recently completed the construction of the I.K. Barber Enhanced Forestry Laboratory. UNBC's hilltop campus overlooks the City of Prince George and has views of the foothills of the Rocky Mountains to the east.[85] In 2015[86] and 2016[87] UNBC earned the top small university in Canada ranking by Maclean's. UNBC has consistently been positioned in the top three for the last ten years. The university was first entered into the McLean's rankings in 2005 as the best small university in Western Canada.[88]

The College of New Caledonia[81] (CNC) is a post-secondary educational institution that serves the residents of central British Columbia. It was established in Prince George in 1969, and has since expanded across northern British Columbia, with campuses in Quesnel, Mackenzie, Burns Lake, Valemount, Fort St. James, Fraser Lake and Vanderhoof. CNC enrolls about 5,000 students each year in approximately 90 distinct programs in business and management, community and continuing education, health sciences, adult basic education / upgrading, trades and industry, social services, and technologies. About 75 of these programs are available at CNC Prince George. CNC offers university classes leading to degrees and professional programs in more than 50 subjects, with excellent transferability to universities in BC, Alberta, and elsewhere. All university classes are available at CNC Prince George, and many are available at other campuses.

Sports and recreation

Prince George's teams include the Prince George Cougars of the Western Hockey League (WHL), the Prince George Spruce Kings of the British Columbia Hockey League (BCHL), Youth Bowling Club (YBC) bowling teams (Nechako Bowling, 5th Avenue, and also a ten pin team), and Prince George Curling (Prince George Golf and Curling Club). Recently, the Duchess Park Secondary School Senior boys basketball team won the provincial AA title for the first time in 26 years.

The February 1978 Northern B.C. Winter Games hosted by Prince George and organized by John Furlong were highly attended by 5,600 participants from age 8 to 90 in 38 events.[89][90]

The Spruce Kings hosted the 2007 Royal Bank Cup May 5–13 at the CN Centre.

Prince George has been home to several National Hockey League players, including Murray Baron, Blair Betts, Tyler Bouck, Chris Mason, Ronald Petrovický, Justin Pogge, Dan Hamhuis, Sheldon Souray, Derek Boogaard, Dustin Byfuglien, Devin Setoguchi, Turner Stevenson and Darcy Rota. Eric Brewer and Zdeno Chára were also teammates on the Cougars in 1995 and 1996.

Prince George Citizen Field opened in the spring of 2006. The baseball facility has established itself as one of the most unusual diamonds in British Columbia.[clarification needed][citation needed]

Recreation facilities include 116 playgrounds and parks, baseball, soccer and lacrosse fields, eight golf courses, plus tennis courts, ice rinks and roller rinks, a new modern Aquatic Centre as well as an older swimming pool and the CN Centre, which is a 5,995-seat multi-purpose arena. For hikers there is an 11 km (6.8 mi) riverfront system of urban hiking trails called the Heritage Trails.[91] Four provincial parks in the region provide downhill, cross-country and heliskiing.

Parks include:

Park Comments
Lheidli T'enneh Memorial Park formerly Fort George Park
Paddlewheel Park Located in South Fort George. This location is where Paddle wheeler boats landed in the town.
Rainbow Park
Connaught Hill located behind City Hall, views of the city.
Foot Park
L.C. Gunn Park Trail on the east side of the Fraser River
Ginter's Property
Eskers Park
Forests for the World
Cottonwood Island Park Trails along Cottonwood Island and the former Island Cache community.

North of Prince George is the Huble Homestead and Giscome Portage. The Otway Nordic Centre, operated by the Caledonia Nordic Ski Club, is home to one of the largest Nordic ski clubs in the province, and boasts more than 40 km (25 mi) of groomed trails – of which 5 km (3.1 mi) are lit trails for evening skiing, a biathlon range, and a 130 m2 (1,400 sq ft) day lodge.

The Caledonia Ramblers Hiking Club offers weekly hikes in the city and surrounding countryside from May to October, as well as snowshoeing in the winter months, while the Prince George Section of the Alpine Club of Canada offers year-round hiking, scrambling, climbing, skiing and ice-climbing trips in the nearby Cariboo and Rocky Mountains and local crags. The Prince George Backcountry Recreation Society is an umbrella organization representing these and several other Prince George outdoor clubs.

For race fans, the Prince George Auto Racing Association (PGARA) offers a variety of racing events at the PGARA Speedway including the locally famous hit-to-pass races.

The Prince George Rod and Gun Club maintains two range sites. Hartman Rd Range offers Trap/Skeet, rifle, silhouette, and handgun ranges, while the Blackwater Range offers multiple action bays and a 1500 m rifle range.

Prince George offers a Pride Centre for all LGBTQ and ally members in Prince George and the greater north. Located at the University of Northern British Columbia, the PC, an organization under the Northern Pride Centre Society, offers a safe space, resources, and support.

Prince George offers several nightclubs, sports bars, pubs and fine dining facilities.

The Treasure Cove Hotel and Casino is located at the junction of Highways 16 and 97.

Moviegoers can choose between the Famous Players, now Cineplex Entertainment, six-plex[92] or the Park Drive-in Theatre, which also offers mini-golf facilities and a go-kart track. Cinema CNC hosts two arts cinema series each year in the fall and winter, as well as a festival of Canadian films each February.

As part of its 100th anniversary, the City of Prince George hosted the 2015 Canada Winter Games.[37]

Arts and culture

The off-road motorcycle community is a very large and old presence in Prince George, with multiple motocross tracks like the Blackwater motocross park and the BCR site and many networks of motorcycle trails. It is one of the largest recreational features for the city of Prince George.

Art galleries and studios

  • The Two Rivers Gallery, which opened in June 2000, has two exhibition galleries named the North and South Canfor Galleries, a gift shop and a galleria. It offers guided tours and art classes for both adults and children.
  • Studio 2880 houses the Artists' Workshop, the quilters', potters', weavers' and spinners' guilds. Its sister building, Studio 2820, is a Ticketmaster outlet and houses the Artisan Gift Shoppe.

Theatres

Prince George Amusement Company opened the 550-seat-capacity Princess Theatre on the corner of Third Ave and Vancouver Street in 1914,[93] which appears distinct from its namesake on Central Ave.[94][95] The company's Rex Theatre opened on George Street that December.[96] The Dreamland Theatre, which relocated to George Street from South Fort George in January 1915,[97][98] staged some vaudeville,[99] and charity concerts,[100][101][102] and accommodated political,[103][104][105] religious,[106][107] and sundry[108] meetings. Movie screenings were irregular[109][110][111][112][113] prior to a 1918 reopening.[114] Initially, while the Rex primarily screened movies, the Princess was largely vacant when not a venue for opera,[115] charity concerts,[116][117] and political[118][108] and sundry[119][120][121][122][108] meetings. The 1919 relaunch as a movie venue was short lived.[123] The Rex also held wrestling,[124] charity concerts,[125][126][127] and political,[128][129] religious,[130][131][132] and sundry[133] meetings.

Levi Graham (1879–1947),[134] who took over the Rex Theatre in 1921,[135][136] had gained industry experience since 1907.[137] He also operated poolrooms.[100] Further enterprises were movie screenings at select interior towns,[138] refurbishing and managing the Royal Hotel,[139] and operating club establishments.[140] Al Gardner and Jim Bord briefly managed the Dreamland Theatre in 1922.[141][142] Acquired by Graham, the Princess Theatre reopened for movies in 1923.[143] That year, Capitol Entertainments of Canada purchased the Dreamland Theatre, and renamed it the Capitol, with Adams remaining as resident manager.[144] Graham and two partners, operating as Prince George Theatres, acquired the Capitol two years later.[145] Facing insufficient demand, it continued mainly as a venue for live performances and public meetings.[146]

Graham moved the Rex to the corner of Third Avenue and Dominion Street. After gutting and upgrading, it opened in 1926 as the 500-seat Strand Theatre.[147] Condemned as a safety risk,[148] the Capitol was demolished in 1934.[149] Adding a level floor above the existing one in 1935,[150] the Princess served as a dance hall/ballroom,[151] and community centre for indoor sports.[152] After an extensive 1942 upgrade, it returned as a movie theatre.[153] Graham built, briefly operated, and sold the Wells theatre.[154] Selling his two local theatres to Herb G. Stevenson in 1944, Graham devoted his attention to his Six Mile (Tabor) Lake Lodge enterprise.[155]

Odeon Theatres acquired the Strand and Princess in 1969,[156] demolishing the former in 1975.[157] Eighteen months later, the latter suffered the same fate, replaced by a three-screen complex on the site.[158] Cinema Treasures appears reasonably accurate in covering later theatre developments.[159]

Live theatre and symphony

  • Theatre Northwest is a professional theatre company producing stage productions throughout the year.[160]
  • The Prince George Theatre Workshop Society is a stage production company founded in the 1960s which puts on amateur theatre events throughout the year.
  • The Prince George Playhouse (originally built by the Prince George Theatre Workshop Society, now owned by the City of Prince George) has many different uses such as amateur and professional theatre, musical events and major plays put on by local small businesses.
  • The Prince George Symphony Orchestra (PGSO) is a mixed professional and semi-professional orchestra. The orchestra plays a number of concerts each year at venues around the city and occasionally tours other communities in northern British Columbia. The PGSO performs at a variety of venues, such as Vanier Hall and the Prince George Playhouse.
  • The Street Spirits Theatre Company is a Prince George youth-oriented social-action theatre group founded by its Artistic Director Andrew Burton with support from The Youth Around Prince Resource Centre. The group creates and presents audience interactive performances using improv theatre techniques inspired by Theatre of the Oppressed (Augusto Boal) and Theatre for Living (David Diamond) along with many other influences.[161] The group has been running since 1999 and has been given several grants from organizations such as the Vancouver Foundation and awards such as the Otto Rene Castillo Award for Political Theatre and the Canada Peace Medal, among others.[162] The group writes and performs interactive plays about issues affecting communities, such as drug addiction, teen pregnancy and racism and has put out several movies including a feature-length film dealing with northern sex trade recruitment entitled "Streetwise."

A 2005 cultural project that involved Prince George had 'Spirit Bears' placed throughout various locations around the city. The 'Spirit Bear' is a fiberglass statue of a bear that has various sceneries painted on it.

Museums and libraries

 
Downtown branch of the Prince George Public Library
  • The Exploration Place Museum and Science Centre is located in Lheidli T'enneh Memorial Park and offers a wide variety of galleries and exhibits, including a paleontology exhibit, First Nations exhibit, children's gallery, the Prince George Sports Hall of Fame, and the 2 ft (610 mm) narrow gauge[163] Fort George Railway complete with a working steam locomotive.
  • The Prince George Railway and Forestry Museum opened in July 1986, coinciding with Expo 86 and 150 years of rail travel in Canada. The museum has one of the largest vintage rail collections in the province, including vintage rail cars, locomotives and historical buildings. Most of the museum pieces are located outdoors on the lot. Some historical buildings include a building showing the advancement of the telephone and a building that was once a train stop. There is also old firetrucks and forestry equipment. A mini-train goes around the museum lot.
  • The Prince George Public Library has two branches in the city, the Bob Harkins branch in the downtown area, which is considered the "main" library of the city and the smaller Nechako branch in the Hart. The College of New Caledonia and University of Northern British Columbia both have libraries available to local residents.

Monuments and art installations

 
Mr. PG at the junction of Highway 97 and Highway 16

Mr. PG was first constructed in 1960 as a symbol of the importance of the forest industry to Prince George.[164][165] That year he took part in the Prince George May Day parade and could speak and bow. In 1961, he was entered in the Kelowna Regatta and the Vancouver PNE Parade, and also travelled to Smithers. Two years later, he appeared in the 1963 Grey Cup parade.[166]

Today, Mr. PG stands at the junction of Highway 97 and Highway 16. He is 8.138 m (26.70 ft) tall and his head is 1.5 m (4 ft 11 in) in diameter.[166]

Notable people

Transportation

Located at the intersection of Highways 97 and 16, Prince George is the hub for northern British Columbia. Considerable truck traffic passes through Prince George, which also has extensive facilities for maintenance of trucks and heavy equipment.

The streets in the "Bowl" area of Prince George are laid out in a grid, with streets travelling north–south, and avenues travelling east–west. The streets are named after prominent citizens, and they are placed in alphabetical order, starting with "A" (Alward Street) near downtown, and continuing westward to "R" (Ruggles Street) in the western part of the city. Some avenues in the city are numbered. 1st Avenue is located the northern part of the Bowl, and the numbering increases southward until 22nd Avenue (the highest-numbered avenue in the city).

The grid in the downtown area is rotated so that avenues run from northwest to southeast, and streets run northeast to southwest. All avenues in downtown are numbered, while most of the streets are named after various cities and provinces of Canada.

Many streets in College Heights are named after various colleges and universities. However, College Heights streets are not laid out in a grid like the Bowl. Instead, many roads in College Heights are curved and/or winding, and most are called avenues or crescents.

There is an inland port to Prince Rupert in Prince George which is served by CN Rail.[169]

Prince George Airport,[170] located just within the southern boundary of the city, 2.8 NM (5.2 km; 3.2 mi) southeast.[171] The airport is classified as an airport of entry by Nav Canada and is staffed by the Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA). The airport can handle aircraft with up to 30 passengers or 120 if they are unloaded in stages.[171] In 2016, 462,007[172] passengers used Prince George Airport. The primary air connection to the rest of the world is provided by multiple daily flights to Vancouver International Airport on Air Canada Express and WestJet Encore. Flair Airlines provides twice weekly winter seasonal service to Tucson, Arizona. WestJet provides seasonal service with a weekly direct flight to Puerto Vallarta, Mexico during the winter months. Pacific Coastal Airlines offers a daily flight to and from Victoria International Airport. Central Mountain Air and Northern Thunderbird Air fly to regional and smaller centres. Horizon Air provided daily service to Seattle for a few months in 2008, but the service no longer exists as of 2009. Charter services provide flights to outlying areas primarily by floatplane, though helicopter service is also available. An expansion study to allow the airport to handle Boeing 747 cargo flights was completed.[77] The airport was expanded and is listed as having the third longest runway in Canada[173] but since it was opened in 2009 it has not seen expanded use by any new airlines or 747s other than the test use by one cargo flight.

CNR freight lines operate out of Prince George as well as Via Rail passenger service; the Jasper–Prince Rupert train overnights at the Prince George station.

Local public transportation consists of the PG Transit bus service.

Directions

West of Prince George is Vanderhoof (96 km [60 mi]), Fraser Lake (155 km [96 mi]), Burns Lake (224 km [139 mi]), Houston (300 km [190 mi]), Smithers (375 km [233 mi]), Terrace (571 km [355 mi]), and Prince Rupert (715 km [444 mi]).

East of Prince George is Giscome (44 km [27 mi]), McBride (211 km [131 mi]), Jasper (377 km [234 mi]), and Edmonton (739 km [459 mi]).

North of Prince George is Mackenzie (185 km [115 mi]) and Fort St. John (437 km [272 mi]).

South of Prince George is Quesnel (119 km [74 mi]), and Williams Lake (238 km [148 mi]).

Annual events

  • The British Columbia Northern Exhibition, also known as the BCNE, started in 1912 and is the city's largest summer event. The four-day show was known as the Prince George Exhibition or PGX until 2012 when the name was changed as part of 100th anniversary celebrations. The BCNE is held each August and attractions include a large midway, food fair, trade show, art and horticulture exhibitions, 4-H exhibitions, firefighter competitions and many other events.
  • The Forestry and Resources Expo began in 1985 to educate the public about the importance of forests to the city and region, while displaying the latest in forestry technology, supplies and services. The Expo was revamped in 2013 and renamed the Canada North Resources Expo to reflect a focus on the wide range of sectors that impact the economy in Prince George and northern British Columbia including forestry, oil and gas, mining, independent power producers, the biomass industry and transportation.
  • Downtown Summerfest was revived by the Downtown Business Improvement Association in 2012 and is held every August. The street party takes place in downtown Prince George and features entertainment, vendors, activities for children and a Taste Pavilion featuring food from local restaurants.
  • Kiwanis AleFest - the great Northern British Columbia Craft Beer Festival takes place annually on the last weekend of January.[174]
  • The Prince George Coldsnap Festival (formerly known as the Prince George Folk Festival) is a national folk music festival held annually in the winter at various venues throughout Prince George. Past artists have included John Denver, Bruce Cockburn, Sarah Harmer, Janis Ian, Alpha Yaya Diallo. 2006 saw Matthew Good, Fred Eaglesmith, The Paperboys, and others.[175]
  • The Snow Daze Winter Festival is held each February. Some of the featured events include the Mr. PG pageant, curling, bed races, OTL (over the line) baseball, Texas hold 'em poker tournament and snow golf.[176]
  • Prince George celebrates BC River's Day on the last Sunday in September at Lheidli T'enneh Memorial Park with a live free music festival. Performers in 2006 included Marcel Gagnon and Fear Zero among many others.[177]
  • The Father's Day Show and Shine is held in Lheidli T'enneh Memorial Park and features vendors, live performers and both vintage and modern cars. 2007's event saw an estimated 25,000 visitors and 365 cars were on display.[178]
  • The Prince George Iceman Multi-sport race takes place, usually the second week of February. This event starts with an 8 km ski, then a 10 km run, a 5 km iceskate, a 5 km run and then wraps up with an 800 m indoor swim. This event has been happening since 1988. Participants can compete as individuals, or on teams of 2–5. Junior teams can compete in a slightly modified course, a shorter ski and swim and the 15 km run is broken into 3 segments instead of 2.[179]

Media

Main article: Media in Prince George, British Columbia

Government and politics

Lyn Hall is the Mayor of Prince George and serves with eight councillors. Prince George holds four of the fourteen seats at the Regional District of Fraser-Fort George.

Trent Derrick is the chair of the Board of School District 57, which includes not only the city of Prince George but a large, sparsely populated area to the east and north, and serves with six other elected school trustees.

Provincially, Prince George is divided into two electoral districts: Prince George-Valemount represented by Shirley Bond, and Prince George-Mackenzie represented by Mike Morris. Both are BC Liberals.

Federally, Prince George is divided between Cariboo—Prince George represented by Todd Doherty and Prince George—Peace River—Northern Rockies with Bob Zimmer. Both are federal Conservatives.

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Extreme high and low temperatures are from the Prince George climate station (August 1912 to June 1945), and Prince George STP (November 1975 to present).
  2. ^ Statistic includes all persons that did not make up part of a visible minority or an indigenous identity.
  3. ^ Statistic includes total responses of "Filipino" and "Southeast Asian" under visible minority section on census.
  4. ^ Statistic includes total responses of "Chinese", "Korean", and "Japanese" under visible minority section on census.
  5. ^ Statistic includes total responses of "West Asian" and "Arab" under visible minority section on census.
  6. ^ Statistic includes total responses of "Visible minority, n.i.e." and "Multiple visible minorities" under visible minority section on census.

Footnotes

  1. ^ "Prince George". Geographical Names Data Base. Natural Resources Canada.
  2. ^ a b {{cite web| url =https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&SearchText=Prince%20George&DGUIDlist=2021A00055953023&GENDERlist=1,2,3&STATISTIClist=1&HEADERlist=0 |title=Census Profile, 2021 Census Prince George, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Fraser-Fort George, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia |publisher = Statistics Canada |date=January 4, 2023}
  3. ^ "Population and Dwelling Count Highlight Tables, 2016 Census". Statistics Canada. February 8, 2017. Retrieved January 4, 2023.
  4. ^ "Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population, 2021 Census". Statistics Canada. February 8, 2017. Retrieved January 4, 2023.
  5. ^ . Archived from the original on October 26, 2015. Retrieved November 8, 2015.
  6. ^ a b c d e f Runnalls, F.E. A History of Prince George. 1946
  7. ^ a b George, N. D. "Decolonizing the Empathic Settler Mind: An Autoethnographic Inquiry". Antioch University, 2014.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Vogt, D.; Gamble, D.A. (Summer 2010). ""You Don't Suppose the Dominion Government Wants to Cheat the Indians?":The Grand Trunk Pacific Railway and the Fort George Reserve, 1908-12". BC Studies (166): 55–77. doi:10.14288/bcs.v0i166.288.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Leonard, Frank (Autumn 1984). "Grand Trunk Pacific and the Establishment of the City of Prince George, 1911–1915". BC Studies (63): 29–53. doi:10.14288/bcs.v0i63.1190.
  10. ^ a b Bumby, Anna. The Sales Campaign of George J Hammond and the Natural Resources Security Company. CNC. 1981.
  11. ^ Downs (1971:47–59)
  12. ^ Kent, Sedgwick (1989). Street Names of Prince George. CNC Press. p. 111.
  13. ^ West (1985:34)
  14. ^ Christensen (1989:36)
  15. ^ Evelyn, Charelle (June 15, 2015). ""Welcome to Lheidli T'enneh Memorial Park"".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  16. ^ a b . Princegeorge.ca. City of Prince George. Archived from the original on March 28, 2015. Retrieved March 15, 2015.
  17. ^ Luba, Frank (July 25, 2013). . The Province. Archived from the original on July 28, 2013.
  18. ^ Christensen (1989:77–79)
  19. ^ Corless, Richard Frederick (1916–1931). Funeral Ledger.
  20. ^ a b c Hak, Gordon (1985). "The Communists and the Unemployed in the Prince George District, 1930–1935". BC Studies. 68.
  21. ^ "Old Army Base In Prince George By Mel McConaghy" October 14, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
  22. ^ "Abandoned Canadian Military Bases" Retrieved: 06 December 2014.
  23. ^ Christensen (1989:88)
  24. ^ "Lightning over PG." Retrieved: 06 December 2014.
  25. ^ "Prince George Newspaper Digitization" Retrieved: 06 December 2014.
  26. ^ Christensen (1989:114)
  27. ^ Christensen (1989:116)
  28. ^ Davison, George (January 9, 2008). . Prince George Citizen. p. Letter to the Editor. Archived from the original on December 11, 2008. Retrieved January 11, 2008.
  29. ^ "Prince George considers melting ice jam with hot water". CBC News. January 8, 2008. Retrieved January 11, 2008.
  30. ^ Atkinson, Cathryn (January 15, 2008). "Prince George to send warm water into river to ease ice jam". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved January 17, 2008.
  31. ^ . Prince George Citizen. January 15, 2008. Archived from the original on January 16, 2008. Retrieved January 17, 2008.
  32. ^ "Nechako Levels Continue to Drop". 250 News. January 17, 2008. Retrieved January 17, 2008.
  33. ^ Atkinson, Cathryn (January 17, 2008). "Fire won't snuff out plans to clear ice jam". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved January 17, 2008.
  34. ^ "Prince George removes floating digger as ice jam stretches 25 km". CBC News. January 29, 2008. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  35. ^ Cyr-Whiting, Michelle (January 30, 2008). "Part Two In Flood Efforts: The Warm Water System". 250 News. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  36. ^ "The army is coming, the army is coming" Retrieved December 06, 2014
  37. ^ a b . Canada Games Council. Archived from the original on March 1, 2015.
  38. ^ "July 1941". Environment Canada. October 31, 2011. Retrieved April 24, 2016.
  39. ^ a b "Prince George Airport". Environment and Climate Change Canada. October 31, 2011. Retrieved April 24, 2016.
  40. ^ "Prince George STP". Environment and Climate Change Canada. September 25, 2013. Retrieved April 24, 2016.
  41. ^ "Prince George". Environment and Climate Change Canada. October 31, 2011. Retrieved April 24, 2016.
  42. ^ "Daily Data Report for November 2016". Environment and Climate Change Canada. October 31, 2011. Retrieved December 20, 2016.
  43. ^ "Daily Data Report for June 2021". Environment and Climate Change Canada. October 31, 2011. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  44. ^ "City of Prince George Annual Water System Report 2011" (PDF). City of Prince George. 2012. Retrieved December 29, 2012.[permanent dead link]
  45. ^ "Fluoride Injection Systems Removal from Water Pumpstations" (PDF). Retrieved May 20, 2019.
  46. ^ Prince George Airshed Technical Management Committee(1996)
  47. ^ Dr. Catherine Elliott and Dr. Ray Copes(2007)
  48. ^ . Canada.com. Archived from the original on October 17, 2015. Retrieved January 30, 2015.
  49. ^ BC Stats, British Columbia Municipal Census Populations, 1976–1986 Archived July 23, 2012, at archive.today, November 27, 2005.
  50. ^ BC Stats, British Columbia Municipal Census Populations, 1986–1996 Archived July 30, 2012, at archive.today, November 27, 2005.
  51. ^ BC Stats, British Columbia Municipal Census Populations, 1996–2006 Archived May 29, 2012, at archive.today, January 9, 2007.
  52. ^ a b Statistics Canada, Community Highlights for Prince George November 14, 2007, at the Wayback Machine, 2001 Community Profiles, June 23, 2007.
  53. ^ "Table IV: Population of Prairie Provinces by Municipalities, Local Improvement Districts or Unorganized Territorial Units, 1916". Census of Prairie Provinces, 1916. Ottawa: Department of Trade and Commerce. 1918.
  54. ^ "Table 6: Population by census divisions of Saskatchewan classified by municipalities for census years, 1921 and 1926". Census of Prairie Provinces, 1926. Ottawa: Department of Trade and Commerce. 1929.
  55. ^ "Table 6: Population by census subdivisions, 1926–1946". Census of the Prairie Provinces, 1946. Vol. I: Population. Ottawa: Dominion Bureau of Statistics. 1949.
  56. ^ "Table 6: Population by sex, for census subdivisions, 1956 and 1951". Census of Canada, 1956. Vol. I: Population. Ottawa: Dominion Bureau of Statistics. 1958.
  57. ^ "Table 9: Population by census subdivisions, 1966 by sex, and 1961". 1966 Census of Canada. Western Provinces. Vol. Population: Divisions and Subdivisions. Ottawa: Dominion Bureau of Statistics. 1967.
  58. ^ "Table 3: Population for census divisions and subdivisions, 1971 and 1976". 1976 Census of Canada. Census Divisions and Subdivisions, Western Provinces and the Territories. Vol. Population: Geographic Distributions. Ottawa: Statistics Canada. 1977.
  59. ^ "Table 2: Census Subdivisions in Alphabetical Order, Showing Population Rank, Canada, 1981". 1981 Census of Canada. Vol. Census subdivisions in decreasing population order. Ottawa: Statistics Canada. 1982. ISBN 0-660-51563-6.
  60. ^ "Table 2: Population and Dwelling Counts, for Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 1986 and 1991 – 100% Data". 91 Census. Vol. Population and Dwelling Counts – Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions. Ottawa: Statistics Canada. 1992. pp. 100–108. ISBN 0-660-57115-3.
  61. ^ "Population and Dwelling Counts, for Canada, Provinces and Territories, and Census Divisions, 2001 and 1996 Censuses – 100% Data (British Columbia)". Statistics Canada. Retrieved May 28, 2019.
  62. ^ "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2006 and 2001 censuses – 100% data (British Columbia)". Statistics Canada. January 6, 2010. Retrieved May 28, 2019.
  63. ^ "Census Profile, 2016 Census". Statistics Canada. February 8, 2017. Retrieved February 4, 2020.
  64. ^ "Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population, 2021 Census". Statistics Canada. February 8, 2017. Retrieved January 4, 2023.
  65. ^ "Population and dwelling counts: Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), British Columbia". Statistics Canada. February 9, 2022. Retrieved February 20, 2022.
  66. ^ a b Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (October 26, 2022). "Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved November 9, 2022.
  67. ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (October 27, 2021). "Census Profile, 2016 Census". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved December 24, 2022.
  68. ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (November 27, 2015). "NHS Profile". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved December 24, 2022.
  69. ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (August 20, 2019). "2006 Community Profiles". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved December 24, 2022.
  70. ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (July 2, 2019). "2001 Community Profiles". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved December 24, 2022.
  71. ^ "Canada's most dangerous city: Prince George". Maclean's. December 15, 2011. Retrieved April 25, 2019.
  72. ^ "Canada's most dangerous cities". Maclean's. December 7, 2012. Retrieved April 25, 2019.
  73. ^ "Canada's most dangerous cities 2016: How safe is your city?". Maclean's. August 11, 2016. Retrieved April 25, 2019.
  74. ^ Province, Canfor Join Fight Against City'S Pine Beetle March 5, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
  75. ^ Prince George Citizen – MLA Bell mum about Canfor meeting October 8, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
  76. ^ Petersen, Hanna (March 4, 2022). "Prince George's Pacific BioEnergy plant officially closes after 28 years". Prince George Citizen.
  77. ^ a b (PDF). Initiatives Prince George. April 2007. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 3, 2007.
  78. ^ (PDF). School District #57 Prince George. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 13, 2014. Retrieved January 23, 2013.
  79. ^ "School District No. 57 (Prince George) – School District No. 57 (Prince George)". Sd57.bc.ca. Retrieved May 20, 2019.
  80. ^ "Conseil scolaire francophone de la Colombie-Britannique (CSF)". Conseil scolaire francophone de la Colombie-Britannique (CSF). Retrieved May 20, 2019.
  81. ^ a b "College of New Caledonia – British Columbia, Canada". Cnc.bc.ca. Retrieved May 20, 2019.
  82. ^ "Flight School". Guardian Aerospace. Retrieved January 4, 2012.
  83. ^ "University of Northern British Columbia". Unbc.ca. Retrieved May 20, 2019.
  84. ^ Northern Medical Program
  85. ^ "Teaching Laboratory | University of Northern British Columbia". www.unbc.ca. Retrieved January 26, 2020.
  86. ^ "Introducing the 2016 Maclean's University Rankings". Macleans.ca. October 29, 2015. Retrieved April 3, 2017.
  87. ^ "University rankings Canada 2017: Primarily Undergraduate". Macleans.ca. October 26, 2016. Retrieved April 3, 2017.
  88. ^ "University Rankings 2016: Primarily Undergraduate – Macleans.ca". Macleans.ca. November 4, 2015. Retrieved May 20, 2016.
  89. ^ Mackin, Bob (July 30, 2013). "PG News Archive Says Furlong Left Canada Amidst Death Threats". The Tyee. Retrieved January 2, 2017.
  90. ^ "Only the Olympics were bigger". The Prince George Citizen. Prince George, British Columbia. January 27, 1978. Retrieved January 2, 2017.
  91. ^ City of Prince George – Parks, Recreation & Culture – Heritage River Trails March 16, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  92. ^ Famous Players 6 Cinemas
  93. ^ Fort George Tribune, 18 Apr 1914
  94. ^ Fort George Herald, 22 Nov 1913
  95. ^ Fort George Tribune, 23 Jan 1915
  96. ^ Prince George Post: 21 Nov 1914 & 19 Dec 1914
  97. ^ Prince George Post, 9 Jan 1915
  98. ^ Prince George Citizen, 30 Nov 2002
  99. ^ Prince George Citizen, 5 Mar 1920
  100. ^ a b Prince George Star, 5 Dec 1916
  101. ^ Prince George Citizen: 17 Sep 1919, 8 Oct 1919, 4 Jun 1920, 18 Mar 1921, 15 Apr 1921 & 21 Nov 1922
  102. ^ Prince George Leader: 1 Feb 1923 & 22 Feb 1923
  103. ^ Prince George Post, 13 Mar 1915
  104. ^ Prince George Star, 9 Mar 1917
  105. ^ Prince George Citizen, 8 Oct 1918, 14 Jan 1919, 26 Nov 1920, 14 Jan 1921 & 9 Jan 1923
  106. ^ Prince George Citizen: 19 Nov 1920 to 15 Mar 1921, 5 Jul 1921 & 11 Oct 1921
  107. ^ Prince George Leader: 1 Mar 1921 to 17 Jun 1921
  108. ^ a b c Prince George Leader, 3 Mar 1922
  109. ^ Fort George Herald, 3 Oct 1914
  110. ^ Prince George Post, 20 Mar 1915
  111. ^ Prince George Herald: 2 Oct 1915 & 25 Dec 1915
  112. ^ Prince George Star, 1 Dec 1916
  113. ^ Prince George Citizen: 27 Aug 1915, & 17 & 24 Sep 1918
  114. ^ Prince George Citizen, 26 Nov 1918
  115. ^ Prince George Post: 15 & 22 May 1915
  116. ^ Fort George Herald: 23 & 30 Apr 1915
  117. ^ Prince George Herald, 18 Dec 1915
  118. ^ Fort George Tribune, 16 Jan 1915
  119. ^ Fort George Tribune, 20 Jun 1914
  120. ^ Fort George Herald, 9 Jan 1915
  121. ^ Prince George Post, 24 Apr 1915
  122. ^ Prince George Herald, 11 Jun 1915
  123. ^ Prince George Citizen: 17 & 29 Sep 1919
  124. ^ Fort George Herald: 30 Jan 1915 & 20 Feb 1915
  125. ^ Prince George Post: 6 Feb 1915, 18 Sep 1915 & 18 Mar 1921
  126. ^ Prince George Citizen: 6 Sep 1918 & 26 Feb 1919
  127. ^ Prince George Leader: 17 Feb 1922 & 3 Mar 1922
  128. ^ Fort George Herald, 14 May 1915
  129. ^ Prince George Herald, 13 Aug 1915
  130. ^ Prince George Post: 22 May 1915; & 23 Jul 1915 to 18 Sep 1915
  131. ^ Prince George Herald: 16 Jul 1915; & 2 Oct 1915 to 15 Jan 1916
  132. ^ Prince George Citizen: 20 Aug 1918 & 17 Dec 1919
  133. ^ Prince George Citizen, 11 Jun 1919
  134. ^ Royal BC Museum
  135. ^ Prince George Leader: 8 & 29 Jul 1921
  136. ^ Prince George Citizen, 24 Jul 1947
  137. ^ Prince George Citizen: 9 Nov 1944 & 24 Jul 1947
  138. ^ Prince George Leader: 23 & 30 Nov 1922
  139. ^ Prince George Citizen, 2 Aug 1923
  140. ^ Prince George Citizen: 9 Aug 1923 & 24 Apr 1924
  141. ^ Prince George Citizen, 22 Aug 1922
  142. ^ Prince George Leader, 23 Nov 1922
  143. ^ Prince George Citizen: 26 Apr 1923 & 10 May 1923
  144. ^ Prince George Citizen, 31 May 1923
  145. ^ Prince George Citizen: 3 Sep 1925 & 24 Jul 1947
  146. ^ Prince George Citizen: 24 Dec 1925, 11 Feb 1926, 15 Apr 1926, 19 Aug 1926 & 2 Sep 1926
  147. ^ Prince George Citizen: 29 Apr 1926, & 1 & 8 Jul 1926
  148. ^ Prince George Citizen, 22 Nov 1928
  149. ^ Prince George Citizen, 10 May 1934
  150. ^ Prince George Citizen, 31 Oct 1935
  151. ^ Prince George Citizen: 31 Oct 1935, 28 Nov 1935, 31 Mar 1938, 15 Dec 1938, 18 May 1939 & 26 Oct 1939
  152. ^ Prince George Citizen: 19 & 26 Sep 1935, 10 Oct 1935 & 2 Nov 1939
  153. ^ Prince George Citizen, 30 Jul 1942
  154. ^ Prince George Citizen: 14 Nov 1940 & 9 Jan 1941
  155. ^ Prince George Citizen: 10 Aug 1944, & 9 & 16 Nov 1944
  156. ^ Prince George Citizen, 3 Mar 1969
  157. ^ Prince George Citizen, 30 Jul 1975
  158. ^ Prince George Citizen, 23 Nov 1976
  159. ^ Movie Theaters in Prince George, BC
  160. ^ "Theatre Northwest". Theatrenorthwest.com. Retrieved May 20, 2019.
  161. ^ "Street Spirits Theatre Company".
  162. ^ Arts Health Network Canada "Arts Health Network Canada: Canadian Initiatives: British Columbia 2011 . Arts Health Network Canada. 2011. Archived from the original on April 12, 2011.
  163. ^ "Steamlocomotive.info – Grand Trunk Pacific Railway No. 1". Retrieved May 20, 2019.
  164. ^ Oud, Nicole (July 2, 2019). "Exhibit celebrates Prince George's iconic Mr. PG mascot". CBC News. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
  165. ^ Dickson, Courtney (February 29, 2020). "Mr. PG logs 60 years as Prince George's beloved mascot". CBC News. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
  166. ^ a b Leier, Alyssa (March 3, 2020). "Mr. PG turns 60". CKPG-TV. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
  167. ^ Britten, Liam; Kurjata, Andrew (April 27, 2016). "Birdman, 5th richest man in hip hop, has secret Canadian connection". CBC News. Retrieved April 27, 2016.
  168. ^ Frank Peebles, "Rising Star," Prince George Citizen, December 30, 2015
  169. ^ "Multimodal Strategy". Prince George Airport Authority. Retrieved April 25, 2019.
  170. ^ "Prince George Airport – YXS". Pgairport.ca. Retrieved May 20, 2019.
  171. ^ a b Canada Flight Supplement. Effective 0901Z 16 July 2020 to 0901Z 10 September 2020.
  172. ^ "2016 Passenger Numbers Exceed Expectations – YXS – Prince George Airport Authority". Pgairport.ca. January 18, 2017. Retrieved April 3, 2017.
  173. ^ PGAA officially opens 3rd longest commercial runway in Canada
  174. ^ "Home". kiwanisalefest.ca. Retrieved January 4, 2023.
  175. ^ "Coldsnap – The Prince George Winter Music Festival". Retrieved April 25, 2019.
  176. ^ . Archived from the original on September 5, 2007. Retrieved June 23, 2007.
  177. ^ BC Rivers Day Music Festival – Prince George, British Columbia, Canada January 5, 2016, at the Wayback Machine
  178. ^ [1] November 14, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
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References

  • Christensen, Bev (1989). Prince George: Rivers, Railways and Timber. Burlington: Windsor. ISBN 0-89781-266-2.
  • Downs, Art (1971). Paddlewheels on the Frontier. Vol. one. ISBN 0-88826-033-4.
  • Leonard, Frank (1996). A Thousand Blunders: The History of the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway in Northern British Columbia. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press. ISBN 0-7748-0552-8.
  • Nash, Mike (2007). Exploring Prince George – A Guide To North Central B.C. Outdoors. ISBN 978-1-894765-49-7.
  • Poser, William (1999). Lheidli T'enneh Hubughunek (Lheidli T'enneh Carrier Dictionary). Prince George: Lheidli T'enneh.
  • Runnalls, Reverend Francis Edwin (1946). A History of Prince George. Prince George: the author.
  • University Women's Club of Prince George (2005). Street Names of Prince George. Prince George: College of New Caledonia Press. ISBN 0-9735092-0-1.
  • Walker, Russell. Bacon, Beans and Brave Hearts.
  • West, Willis J. (1985). Stagecoach and Sternwheeler Days in the Cariboo and Central BC. ISBN 0-919214-68-1.
  • http://pgnewspapers.pgpl.ca/fedora/repository

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Prince George, British Columbia.
  • Official website  
  •   Prince George travel guide from Wikivoyage

January 10, 2023
prince, george, british, columbia, this, article, lead, section, short, adequately, summarize, points, please, consider, expanding, lead, provide, accessible, overview, important, aspects, article, november, 2022, prince, george, largest, city, northern, briti. This article s lead section may be too short to adequately summarize the key points Please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview of all important aspects of the article November 2022 Prince George is the largest city in northern British Columbia Canada with a city population of 76 708 3 and a metro census agglomeration population of 89 490 4 It is often called the province s northern capital 5 or sometimes the spruce capital because it is the hub city for Northern BC It is situated at the confluence of the Fraser and Nechako rivers and at the crossroads of Highway 16 and Highway 97 Prince GeorgeCityCity of Prince GeorgeAn aerial view of Prince GeorgeFlagLogoMotto Shaping A Northern Destiny Prince GeorgeLocation of Prince GeorgeShow map of British ColumbiaPrince GeorgePrince George Canada Show map of CanadaPrince GeorgePrince George North America Show map of North AmericaCoordinates 53 45 47 N 122 44 43 W 53 76306 N 122 74528 W 53 76306 122 74528 1 Coordinates 53 45 47 N 122 44 43 W 53 76306 N 122 74528 W 53 76306 122 74528 1 CountryCanadaProvinceBritish ColumbiaIndigenous territoriesUnceded Lheidli T enneh territoryRegional districtFraser Fort GeorgeEstablished1807IncorporatedMarch 6 1915Government MayorSimon Yu Governing bodyPrince George City Council MPsTodd Doherty CPC Bob Zimmer CPC MLAsShirley Bond BC Liberal Mike Morris BC Liberal Area 2 City318 26 km2 122 88 sq mi Elevation575 m 1 886 ft Population 2021 2 City76 708 Density242 2 km2 627 sq mi Metro89 490Time zoneUTC 08 00 PST Summer DST UTC 07 00 PDT Forward sortation areaV2K V2NArea code s 250 778 236 672Websiteprincegeorge wbr ca Contents 1 History 1 1 1800s 1 2 Townsite development and the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway 1 2 1 Fort George townsite 1 2 2 South Fort George 1 2 3 Growth and creation of Prince George 1 2 4 Lheidli T enneh Village and the railway 1 3 Etymology 1 4 First World War 1 5 1920s and 1930s 1 6 Second World War 1 7 Modern history 2 Geography 2 1 Climate 2 2 Sewer and water utilities 2 3 Air pollution 3 Demographics 3 1 Ethnicity 3 2 Religion 3 3 Crime 4 Economy 5 Education 6 Sports and recreation 7 Arts and culture 7 1 Art galleries and studios 7 2 Theatres 7 2 1 Live theatre and symphony 7 3 Museums and libraries 7 4 Monuments and art installations 8 Notable people 9 Transportation 10 Directions 11 Annual events 12 Media 13 Government and politics 14 See also 15 Notes 16 Footnotes 17 References 18 External linksHistory Edit Prince George s welcome sign The origins of Prince George can be traced to the North West Company fur trading post of Fort George which was established in 1807 by Simon Fraser and named in honour of King George III 6 The post was centred in the centuries old homeland of the Lheidli T enneh First Nation whose very name means people of the confluence of the two rivers The Lheidli T enneh name began to see official use around the 1990s and the band is otherwise historically referred to as Fort George Indian Band 7 1800s Edit Fort George trading post 1880 Throughout the 19th century HBC Fort George trading post remained unchanged and Fort St James reigned as the main trading post and capital of the New Caledonia area Even during the Cariboo Gold Rush Fort George was isolated although Quesnel prospered as the Cariboo Road was built to its doorstep making it the main staging area for the miners going to the goldfields at Barkerville Then when the Collins Overland Telegraph Trail was built in 1865 67 it bypassed Fort George trading post following the Blackwater Trail from Quesnel and continuing northwest towards Hazelton In the late 1800s many Lheidli T enneh lived in a village built next to the HBC trading post due to the ease of preparing furs and trading directly without great distances to travel 8 Townsite development and the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway Edit In 1903 the area s fortune began to change when reports said that the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway later part of Canadian National Railway would pass near the fur trading post 9 In 1906 agricultural settlement began around the HBC post and then in 1909 development of two townsites began as two rival land speculation companies built the communities of South Fort George and Fort George sometimes referred to as Central Fort George 9 8 South Fort George was built on the Fraser River near to and just south of the Hudson s Bay Company s trading post 8 The GTP meanwhile was trying to acquire land for its own townsite which delayed the constructions of what would become Prince George for several years 9 Fort George townsite Edit Plan of the Fort George townsite Fort George townsite was built 3 2 km 2 mi to the northwest on the Nechako River The name had been registered by the district lot original purchasers with some concerns due to its similarity to the HBC trading post s name George Hammond the CEO of the Natural Resources Security Company bought nine district lots and promoted his community of Fort George in exaggerated and questionable advertisements all over Canada and Britain describing Fort George in glowing terms as being the future hub of British Columbia the Chicago of the north 8 and having mild winters and being suitable for any agricultural endeavour 9 Hammond claimed the existence of buildings and facilities in advertising when none existed at the time 10 Lots sold in 1912 for 400 rising to 500 1 000 by 1913 10 Ten paddle steamer sternwheelers serviced the area coming up on the Fraser River from Soda Creek 11 docking at both South Fort George and Fort George Townsite South Fort George Edit Main article South Fort George Aerial view of Prince George South Fort George prominent in the lower right side South Fort George developed close to the near defunct HBC post along the Fraser River after being purchased in 1909 by the Northern Development Company with lots going on sale in 1910 BC Express Company paddle wheelers landed in South Fort George and the area grew with speculation about the railway coming to the area South Fort George would remain its own community until 1976 when it incorporated into the City of Prince George 12 Growth and creation of Prince George Edit Plan of Prince George 1913 Properties were sold in both of the townsites with railway speculation driving up prices 9 By 1913 South Fort George and Fort George each had a population of around 1 500 and were booming as thousands of rail construction workers came to town for supplies and entertainment 13 Both communities believed that the Grand Trunk Pacific station would be built in their town and both were disappointed when the railway purchased the 553 ha 1 366 acres of land in between them from the Lhiedli T enneh instead even though Charles Vance Millar then the owner of the BC Express Company was well into negotiations to purchase that property himself 14 8 The railway compensated Millar by giving him 81 ha 200 acres of the property and by 1914 when the railway was completed and the first train arrived there were four major communities in the area South Fort George Fort George Townsite the Millar Addition and the railway s townsite Prince George where the station was built 8 Hammond also developed his lots further including additions such as Central Fort George Although George Hammond fought a series of bitter legal battles for a railway station in Fort George The Railway argued against a station in Fort George as it was their investment and risk thus they would build a station in a townsite of their own Prince George 9 Plans for the townsite for Prince George were created by Brett and Hall of Boston and the land cleared in May 1913 6 Fort George South Fort George and Prince George pursued the right to incorporate with initial proposals including all three townsites The GTP shows no interest in including Fort George and South Fort George left the negotiations 9 The GTP lands now knows as the City of Prince George were incorporated on March 6 1915 following the borders of the 1 366 acres they had initially acquired 9 At this time many owners of Prince George businesses particularly ones on George Street lived in South Fort George 9 As the Prince George townsite developed and grew many buildings were moved from the older townsites to the new business areas of Prince George often being rolled into the city 6 Lheidli T enneh Village and the railway Edit In 1908 the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway identified the Reserve No 1 land as an ideal area for a railway and station site and attempted to claim all the 1366 acres as needed for railway purposes and thus circumvent negotiations with the Department of Indian Affairs 8 This was rejected The Department of Indian Affairs wished to protect the Lheidli T enneh s interests but also supported railway development By 1910 the DIA agent in the area was concerned about the influence of white settlers on the Lheidli T enneh including the supply of liquor to the village and that civilization has overtaken them too rapidly 8 DIA Indian Agent John McDougall however saw that the Lheidli T enneh had come to see the value of the land and employed that in negotiations 8 Between 1908 and 1911 several offers for the acquisition of the Reserve No 1 lands were made by the GTP and others such as Charles Millar of BC Express who wanted to develop the land The Department of Indian Affairs in conjunction with railroad representatives made several offers for the land 8 In 1910 Chief Louis described the attachment to the land and village to McDougall who reported that Land Cash and farm equipment would be needed to overcome resistance and the band was considered to be averse to a sale McDougall met with Chief Louis again in December 1910 offering 68 300 50 acre but Chief Louis told McDougall that they could not in their present mind surrender this reserve 8 A vote was held at a meeting two days later with members of the Band over age 21 The vote approved the surrender of the reserve land 12 11 but Chief Louis asked to talk with his people and the Band did not consider the vote final The Band appointed Oblate Missionary E C Bellot as an emissary to Ottawa with a larger cash demand of 1000 per acre which was refused by DIA representatives 8 Upon return to Fort George a new vote by the Band unanimously turned down the sale During this time the business developers of Fort George Townsite opposed the sale of the reserve lands as it would lead to its rival building a competing town while South Fort George which was built close to the old HBC Post and the village welcomed the railway and its townsite 8 The Lheidli T enneh village in 1910 This is now Lheidli T enneh Memorial Park In 1911 federal Indian agent W J MacAllan took on the negotiations with assistance from Nicolas Coccola a reverend Coccola had interests in the well being of the Lheidli T enneh but was also negotiating on behalf of the railway company which might connect to his mission on Stuart Lake 8 Father Coccola had wanted to relocated the Lheidli T enneh to a safer area where they would be away from settlers and could be schooled in agriculture and in religion Coccola suggested to the band that if it tolerated intoxicating liquor and moral disorders he would be the first to insist to have them removed 8 Coccola made several statements that he would convince or persuade the Band to relocate if they refused offers and even involved himself in pricing amounts that could be offers to the Lheidli T enneh With several offers and refusals the Lheidli T enneh saw a split in support for a land sale Chief Louis favored the surrender of the land but Joseph Quah an influential leader in the Band wanted a higher price 8 On 18 November 1911 The Fort George Indian Band eventually agreed to sell the Reserve No 1 lands for 125 000 one quarter to be paid immediately which included 25 000 for construction on reserve No 2 and No 3 and the preservation of the original village cemetery The band committed to relocate by June 1912 The vote for this agreement saw 32 in favor and one against and three abstentions The timeline was difficult to keep as new buildings had to be constructed Delays in contracts being awarded by the government to build a new village meant that few could move by the deadline and Band members planted crops needed later in the year The June 1912 payment was withheld as the DIA saw the planting as refusal to leave 8 Chief Louis argued that the agreement stated that the payment was to be made in June and was not contingent on relocation Winter was also coming and the crops would be needed if the new village was not built or supplies given to the Band 8 The new village was completed in 1913 with Band members moving there in September The old village was destroyed to force the Indians away 8 and ensure that it was not reoccupied The Fort George Herald reported the destruction of the old village as the torch of the white man will be thrust into the remaining houses and the village will disappear quietly in a cloud of smoke 8 Indian Agent W J MacAllan s accounts of the situation reveal a need on his part and the part of the GTP to strong arm the bandmembers out targeting two cabins in the village that were empty as the residents were away hinting I knew that to set fire to the cabins would cause a flare up of intense excitement and give me the break I needed for a crisis had to be created before the deadlock could be broken 7 City view from LC Gunn Park Lheidli T enneh Memorial Park is seen across the river The site of Reserve No 2 Shelley was much further away from the new Prince George townsite and other communities The land was not particularly fertile for agriculture and the Band suffered economically 8 The site of the old village and the HBC post would become Fort George Park renamed Lheidli T enneh Memorial Park in 2015 15 The Cemetery would become Reserve No 1A Etymology Edit There were three rationales given for naming the new city as Prince George 9 In 1911 Grand Trunk Railway documents justified the name to clearly distinguish it from nearby Fort George neighbourhoods 9 In 1914 the railway said that the name would honour the recently crowned King George V One suggestion recommended the name George 9 A third rationale was to honour Prince George Duke of Kent the fourth son of reigning King George V 16 Businessmen in Fort George petitioned the provincial government to block the new name but they were unsuccessful 16 9 In May 1915 residents voted by plebiscite to name the new city as Prince George with a vote of 153 13 17 9 First World War Edit Prince George 1914 The large building in the centre is the PG Hotel With the onset of World War I in 1914 the local economy was devastated as many local men enlisted and the construction of the Pacific Great Eastern Railway was halted creating a massive drop in population Many men enlisted in Prince George from the surrounding communities and were primarily sent to Vernon BC for training before being shipped overseas 17 names of soldiers who died in World War I are inscribed on the cenotaph although many more enlisted Population decline continued with the ensuing Spanish flu epidemic of 1918 18 The epidemic took at least fifty lives in the area including First Nation s leaders 19 1920s and 1930s Edit Prince George persevered through the 1920s and the Great Depression of the 1930s and did not experience any significant growth until World War II when an army camp was built at the foot of Cranbrook Hill bringing new life to the struggling businesses and service industries The Great Depression saw massive decline in lumber production in the region falling from 105 million board feet in 1929 to only 15 million board feet by 1932 and a significant increase in unemployment 20 Unemployed men were often housed in one of several relief camps east of Prince George where the men works on construction projects or remained idle but away from the city of Prince George 20 Between 1930 and 1935 Prince George and the work camps were home to labor protests and sit ins organized by a local branch of the Communist sympathizing National Unemployed Workers Association who sought basic needs for the unemployed 20 In the 1920s air transport began with sea planes and landing on Central Avenue In the 1930s Prince George saw air transport increase and became a hub for air mail to Takla Landing Fort Saint James and Manson Landing later including stops in Edmonton Whitehorse and Fort Nelson and an airport was developed by Carney Hill The Golf Course today 6 In 1939 Prince George was selected as a spot for an aerodrome and construction began on what is now YXS Prince George Airport 6 Second World War Edit Army Camp Prince George was opened during WWII and once housed 6 000 soldiers From March 1942 to October 1943 divisional troops and units of the 16th Infantry Brigade 8th Canadian Infantry Division were housed there The camp was located in the area of 1st Street Central Street 15th Avenue to the bottom of Cranbrook Hill Barracks were built to house the soldiers dining halls constructed to feed them and wet canteens for their leisure and entertainment There were rifle ranges mortar ranges and artillery ranges The camp closed at the end of the war Most of the buildings were either demolished or moved to new locations although some remain in their original locations such as the former transportation building on 15th Avenue that was used by the British Columbia Forestry Service from the late 1940s to 1963 It is now owned by the City of Prince George for use by the Community Arts Council The Nechako Bottle Depot on First Avenue is also another former camp building Others include the first Overwaitea store at Victoria and Third formerly a barracks and the original civic centre which was the old drill shed was removed and rebuilt on Seventh Avenue 21 22 Population during the war saw 2 027 in 1941 rising to 3 800 in Prince George by 1945 6 After the war as the ravaged European cities rebuilt the demand for lumber skyrocketed and Prince George with its abundance of sawmills and spruce trees prospered 23 Finally in 1952 after 40 years of construction the Pacific Great Eastern was completed and joined with the CN line at Prince George and with the completion of Highways 16 and 97 Prince George finally fulfilled George Hammond s long ago promise of being the hub of British Columbia Modern history Edit A general view from Prince George Canadian Forces Station Baldy Hughes ADC ID C 20 was constructed in 1952 as a General Surveillance Radar station It was located 35 9 km 22 3 mi south southwest of Prince George and was closed in 1988 It was operated as part of the Pinetree Line network controlled by the North American Aerospace Defense Command NORAD Today the former station is The Baldy Hughes Addiction Treatment Centre The original radar system has been removed and the location now operates a weather station and Nav Canada system In 1953 Central Fort George Townsite incorporated into the City of Prince George On June 25 1956 at just after 7 p m a Lockheed P 38 Lightning fighter plane built in 1943 serial number 8300 bearing Canadian registration CF HSC flown by Frank Samuel Pynn out of the Prince George Airport was observed flying in an unsafe manner it went into a half roll seemed to fall over on its back and nosed into a deep ravine in the cut banks on the north side of town approximately one kilometre from the city centre Pilot Frank Pynn a former Royal Air Force Transport Command pilot and his passenger 15 year old Jimmy Clarke died on impact Alcohol consumption was believed to be a factor in the crash and the Coroner s inquest found that Pynn died through his own neglect and complete disregard for the Aeronautical Regulations of Canada The wreckage is still there however most pieces are less than 2 m 6 ft 7 in in length 24 25 In 1964 the first pulp mill Prince George Pulp and Paper was built followed by two more in 1966 Northwood Pulp and Intercontinental Pulp 26 New schools and more housing were needed and the new subdivisions of Spruceland Lakewood Perry and Highglen were built Then in 1975 Prince George amalgamated and extended its borders to include the Hart area to the north Pineview to the south and the old town of South Fort George to the east In 1981 Prince George was the second largest city in British Columbia with a population of 67 559 narrowly edging Victoria out of the honour whose population was then 64 379 27 Low lying areas adjacent to the confluence of the rivers which can freeze mean that those areas suffer recurring flooding 28 In late 2007 an ice jam formed on the Nechako River and soon grew to a length of more than 6 km 3 7 mi causing widespread flooding in the city Faster runoff due to devastation of nearby lodgepole pine forests by the mountain pine beetle was identified as a contributing factor A state of emergency was declared on December 11 On January 14 2008 with the ice jam still present the Provincial Emergency Program approved an unprecedented plan to melt the ice by piping water from a pulp mill steam plant 2 7 km 1 7 mi to the jam area where it would be mixed with well water and poured into the river at a temperature of 15 C 59 F In the interim an amphibious excavator was used for 10 days to move some of the ice Costing C 400 000 to build and C 3 000 per day to run the Warm Water System was completed on January 29 by which time the ice jam had grown to 25 km 16 mi long 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 As a result of long term lobbying from local groups championed by local advocate Sheldon Clare and members of 396 Air Cadet Squadron 2618 Army Cadet Corps 158 Sea Cadet Corps 142 Navy League Corps Branch 43 Royal Canadian Legion and the Peacekeepers Association in February 2011 Canadian Armed Forces 39 Canadian Brigade Group Headquarters announced that a detachment of the Rocky Mountain Rangers Army Reserve unit was to be formed in Prince George In 2014 the Rocky Mountain Rangers increased recruiting efforts in the community to reach platoon and then company size 36 Prince George hosted the 2015 Canada Winter Games 37 Geography Edit These cut banks on the Nechako River are Prince George s signature natural landmark Prince George is located in the Regional District of Fraser Fort George near the transition between the northern and southern portions of the Rocky Mountain Trench Prince George proper contains several areas South Fort George the Hart the residential and light industrial neighbourhoods north of the Nechako River College Heights the southern part of the city which contains a mix of residential and commercial areas and the Bowl the valley that includes most of the city and the downtown There are also a number of outlying localities that are also part of Prince George such as Carlson The cutbanks of the Nechako River are one of Prince George s many interesting geological features Local wild edible fruit include bunchberries rose hips blueberries cranberries chokecherries strawberries raspberries saskatoons currants clarification needed gooseberries and soapberries from which Indian ice cream is made Morel mushrooms are also native to this area Climate Edit The area has a humid continental climate Koppen climate classification Dfb but is very close to and once had a subarctic climate Dfc as May and September averages are both close to the 10 C 50 F threshold Winters are milder than the latitude and elevation might suggest the January average is 9 6 C 14 7 F and there are an average of 38 days from December to February where the high reaches or surpasses freezing Winter months in which Pacific air masses dominate may thaw on a majority of days as in January 2006 when the mean daily maximum temperature was 1 5 C 34 7 F On the other hand Arctic air masses can settle over the city for weeks at a time in rare cases such as January 1950 the temperature stays well below freezing over a whole calendar month Summer days are warm with a July high of 23 1 C 73 6 F but lows are often cool with monthly lows averaging below 10 C 50 F The transition between winter and summer however is short There is some precipitation year round but February to April is the driest period At the airport snow averages 205 1 cm 80 7 in each year and is heaviest in December and January usually but not always falling between October and May The highest temperature ever recorded in Prince George was 38 9 C 102 0 F on 28 and 29 June 2021 38 The lowest temperature ever recorded was 50 0 C 58 0 F on 2 January 1950 at Prince George Airport 39 Climate data for Prince George Sewage Treatment Plant Climate ID 1096468 coordinates 53 52 48 N 122 46 03 W 53 88000 N 122 76750 W 53 88000 122 76750 Prince George Sewage Treatment Plant elevation 579 0 m 1 899 6 ft 1981 2010 normals extremes 1912 present a Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec YearRecord high C F 14 5 58 1 14 4 57 9 21 5 70 7 31 7 89 1 37 5 99 5 39 0 102 2 38 9 102 0 35 6 96 1 33 3 91 9 28 9 84 0 20 0 68 0 12 8 55 0 39 0 102 2 Average high C F 2 9 26 8 0 8 33 4 6 3 43 3 12 3 54 1 17 6 63 7 20 9 69 6 23 1 73 6 22 7 72 9 17 3 63 1 10 0 50 0 1 8 35 2 2 3 27 9 10 6 51 1 Daily mean C F 6 7 19 9 3 7 25 3 0 8 33 4 5 9 42 6 10 9 51 6 14 6 58 3 16 6 61 9 16 0 60 8 11 2 52 2 5 4 41 7 1 5 29 3 5 8 21 6 5 3 41 5 Average low C F 10 5 13 1 8 1 17 4 4 8 23 4 0 5 31 1 4 2 39 6 8 2 46 8 10 0 50 0 9 1 48 4 5 0 41 0 0 7 33 3 4 8 23 4 9 3 15 3 0 1 31 8 Record low C F 49 4 56 9 46 7 52 1 37 2 35 0 25 0 13 0 11 1 12 0 4 4 24 1 1 7 28 9 1 7 28 9 14 4 6 1 25 5 13 9 36 0 32 8 48 9 56 0 49 4 56 9 Average precipitation mm inches 54 4 2 14 29 0 1 14 27 4 1 08 32 8 1 29 42 4 1 67 61 3 2 41 58 9 2 32 45 9 1 81 53 7 2 11 60 5 2 38 47 7 1 88 44 1 1 74 558 1 21 97 Average rainfall mm inches 11 6 0 46 8 6 0 34 15 6 0 61 30 3 1 19 42 2 1 66 61 3 2 41 58 9 2 32 45 9 1 81 53 6 2 11 56 0 2 20 24 8 0 98 7 3 0 29 416 1 16 38 Average snowfall cm inches 42 7 16 8 20 5 8 1 11 8 4 6 2 5 1 0 0 3 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 4 5 1 8 22 8 9 0 36 9 14 5 142 0 55 9 Average precipitation days 0 2 mm 14 5 10 4 10 7 10 9 12 9 15 3 13 9 12 1 13 2 15 5 14 2 12 5 156 0Average rainy days 0 2 mm 3 9 4 2 7 2 10 2 12 8 15 3 13 9 12 1 13 2 14 7 7 7 3 4 118 4Average snowy days 0 2 cm 11 8 6 9 5 0 1 5 0 31 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 08 1 7 8 2 10 1 45 4Source Environment and Climate Change Canada 40 41 42 43 Climate data for Prince George Prince George Airport WMO ID 71896 coordinates 53 53 27 N 112 40 44 W 53 89083 N 112 67889 W 53 89083 112 67889 Prince George Airport elevation 691 3 m 2 268 ft 1981 2010 normals extremes 1942 presentMonth Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec YearRecord high humidex 12 8 12 2 18 5 29 2 35 3 38 4 37 3 36 1 32 7 25 1 16 6 10 9 38 4Record high C F 12 8 55 0 12 8 55 0 19 9 67 8 29 7 85 5 36 0 96 8 38 4 101 1 35 6 96 1 33 4 92 1 31 4 88 5 25 2 77 4 18 8 65 8 11 7 53 1 38 4 101 1 Average high C F 4 0 24 8 0 4 31 3 5 2 41 4 11 2 52 2 16 7 62 1 20 2 68 4 22 4 72 3 22 0 71 6 16 7 62 1 9 4 48 9 1 0 33 8 3 5 25 7 9 7 49 5 Daily mean C F 7 9 17 8 5 0 23 0 0 2 31 6 5 0 41 0 10 1 50 2 13 8 56 8 15 8 60 4 15 0 59 0 10 4 50 7 4 5 40 1 2 5 27 5 7 2 19 0 4 3 39 7 Average low C F 11 7 10 9 9 6 14 7 5 6 21 9 1 1 30 0 3 4 38 1 7 3 45 1 9 1 48 4 8 0 46 4 4 0 39 2 0 5 31 1 5 9 21 4 10 9 12 4 1 1 30 0 Record low C F 50 0 58 0 45 0 49 0 37 8 36 0 25 6 14 1 8 3 17 1 2 8 27 0 1 7 28 9 3 9 25 0 12 2 10 0 26 5 15 7 41 7 43 1 45 6 50 1 50 0 58 0 Record low wind chill 51 5 50 7 46 0 32 9 12 5 4 6 0 0 3 5 11 5 31 8 48 2 49 4 51 5Average precipitation mm inches 52 9 2 08 29 5 1 16 29 7 1 17 36 0 1 42 49 0 1 93 65 3 2 57 62 1 2 44 51 5 2 03 56 3 2 22 63 3 2 49 55 3 2 18 43 9 1 73 594 9 23 42 Average rainfall mm inches 8 1 0 32 6 7 0 26 12 0 0 47 28 9 1 14 47 2 1 86 65 3 2 57 62 1 2 44 51 5 2 03 55 9 2 20 56 5 2 22 23 9 0 94 5 6 0 22 423 6 16 68 Average snowfall cm inches 54 6 21 5 28 1 11 1 20 8 8 2 7 4 2 9 1 9 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 1 7 9 3 1 36 2 14 3 47 7 18 8 205 1 80 7 Average precipitation days 0 2 mm 15 2 11 7 11 3 10 3 13 5 15 2 14 3 13 1 12 6 15 8 15 6 14 3 162 9Average rainy days 0 2 mm 3 2 3 6 5 7 8 6 13 1 15 2 14 3 13 1 12 6 14 6 7 0 2 6 113 5Average snowy days 0 2 cm 14 0 9 9 7 9 3 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 6 11 3 13 3 63 4Average relative humidity 77 4 66 2 52 1 42 4 41 2 45 7 46 8 46 5 51 5 61 5 76 8 78 9 57 3Mean monthly sunshine hours 49 0 84 0 153 5 204 6 247 5 251 0 286 2 261 8 177 7 108 0 51 2 43 6 1 918 1Percent possible sunshine 19 7 30 5 41 8 48 7 50 1 49 2 55 8 56 9 46 5 32 9 19 8 18 7 39 2Source Environment and Climate Change Canada 39 Sewer and water utilities Edit Prince George s drinking water is taken from the Nechako and Fraser Rivers via ten wells The raw water is disinfected with sodium hypochlorite 44 The local government treats sewage in a treatment facility in the Lansdowne area on the west side of the Fraser River or one of three other smaller treatment facilities on the east side In the 2014 municipal election the people of Prince George voted in favour of removing fluoride from their drinking water in a non binding referendum Prince George s new mayor and city council at their first meeting decided to follow the wishes of its voters Fluoridation of the city s water supply ended in December 2014 45 Air pollution Edit The Prince George airshed has many local sources of various air pollutants including several major industrial sources pulp mills sawmills and an oil refinery vehicle emissions locomotives uncovered coal cars unpaved and paved road surfaces vegetative burning and residential and commercial heating 46 Because a large part of the city and its local sources of air pollution are contained within a valley there are often meteorological conditions that trap pollutants and result in episodes of poor air quality and unhealthy levels of air pollution exposure in some areas More people die in Prince George every year due to diseases associated with air pollutants than any other community in the province according to data gathered by two BC physicians 47 Although Copes said it was difficult to definitively say certain deaths are caused by pollution because it s not a factor that is easily recognizable 48 Demographics Edit Population trend 1976 2006 49 50 51 2011 Canadian Census 52 2016 Canadian Census 52 Prince George British Columbia Prince George British ColumbiaMedian age 33 9 years 38 4 years 38 4 years 43 0 yearsUnder 15 years old 21 18 17 5 14 9 Over 65 years old 7 6 14 14 1 18 3 Visible minority 6 21 8 9 30 2 Protestant 31 31 n a n aCatholic 21 17 n a n aFederal censuspopulation historyYearPop 19514 703 195610 563 124 6 196113 877 31 4 196624 471 76 3 197149 365 101 7 197659 929 21 4 198167 559 12 7 198667 621 0 1 199169 653 3 0 199675 150 7 9 200172 406 3 7 200670 981 2 0 201171 974 1 4 201674 003 2 8 202176 708 3 7 Source Statistics Canada 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada Prince George had a population of 76 708 living in 31 793 of its 33 643 total private dwellings a change of 3 7 from its 2016 population of 74 003 It has a metro census agglomeration population of 89 490 64 With a land area of 316 74 km2 122 29 sq mi it had a population density of 242 2 km2 627 2 sq mi in 2021 65 In 2001 23 of households were one person households below the 27 average provincewide and 31 married couples with children above the 26 average Prince George had a smaller proportion of married couples than the province 47 compared to 51 but very similar persons per households Only 14 of residents between 20 and 64 years of age completed university almost half the provincial average and 22 did not complete high school similar to the 19 provincial average Ethnicity Edit Panethnic groups in the City of Prince George 2001 2021 Panethnicgroup 2021 66 2016 67 2011 68 2006 69 2001 70 Pop Pop Pop Pop Pop European b 54 945 73 1 54 895 75 67 56 610 79 97 58 125 82 59 60 520 84 06 Indigenous 11 470 15 26 11 160 15 38 9 065 12 81 8 045 11 43 7 155 9 94 South Asian 3 820 5 08 2 525 3 48 1 935 2 73 1 785 2 54 2 160 3 Southeast Asian c 1 670 2 22 1 270 1 75 1 090 1 54 715 1 02 530 0 74 East Asian d 1 315 1 75 1 325 1 83 1 090 1 54 1 045 1 48 970 1 35 African 1 115 1 48 710 0 98 575 0 81 335 0 48 360 0 5 Middle Eastern e 250 0 33 195 0 27 165 0 23 70 0 1 0 0 Latin American 245 0 33 265 0 37 140 0 2 125 0 18 190 0 26 Other f 330 0 44 215 0 3 105 0 15 130 0 18 120 0 17 Total responses 75 160 97 98 72 550 98 04 70 790 98 35 70 375 99 15 71 995 99 43 Total population 76 708 100 74 003 100 71 974 100 70 981 100 72 406 100 Note Totals greater than 100 due to multiple origin responses Religion Edit According to the 2021 census religious groups in Prince George included 66 Irreligion 44 685 persons or 59 5 Christianity 25 840 persons or 34 4 Sikhism 2 405 persons or 3 2 Hinduism 585 persons or 0 8 Islam 535 persons or 0 7 Buddhism 190 persons or 0 3 Indigenous Spirituality 165 persons or 0 2 Judaism 90 persons or 0 1 Crime Edit For three consecutive years from 2010 to 2012 Maclean s named Prince George the most dangerous city in Canada with its crime rate being 114 above the national average In 2011 the magazine cited gangs drug related crimes and nine homicides as the reason for its high crime rate although the magazine did state that the city s crime rate is declining each year 71 72 In 2016 Prince George was named 4 on the list of the most dangerous cities for violent crime in Canada 73 Economy EditThe economy of Prince George in the first decade of the 21st century has come to be dominated by service industries The Northern Health Authority centred in Prince George has a 450 million annual budget and invested more than 100 million in infrastructure Part of these investments was the 2012 opening of the BC Cancer Agency s Centre for the North which includes for radiation therapy facilities and associated buildings for modern cancer care Education is another key dominant part of this city With the University of Northern British Columbia the College of New Caledonia and School District 57 education adds more than 780 million into the local economy annually Forestry dominated the local economy throughout the 20th century including plywood manufacture numerous sawmills and three pulp amp pellet mills as major employers and customers The spruce beetle epidemic of the late 1980s and 1990s resulted in a short term boom in the forest industry as companies rushed to cut dead standing trees before the trees lost value 74 Sawmill closures and the creation of supermills occurred around 2005 75 and the largest pellet mill closed in 2022 due to dwindling supply and lack of a sea port 76 Mining exploration and development may become the future of Prince George Initiatives Prince George estimates that the Nechako Basin contains over 5 000 000 bbl 790 000 m3 of oil 77 Other industry includes two chemical plants an oil refinery brewery dairy machine shops aluminum boat building log home construction value added forestry product and specialty equipment manufacturing Prince George is also a staging centre for mining and prospecting and a major regional transportation trade and government hub Several major retailers are expanding into the Prince George market a trend expected to persist In recent years several market research call centres have opened in Prince George Heritage College Heights Hart Highlands and St Lawrence Heights are prime residential areas both commercial and residential development are growing at an accelerated rate and more subdivisions are planned for St Lawrence Heights West Cranbrook Hill and East Austin Road Education EditPrince George s education system encompasses 40 anglophone elementary schools eight secondary schools 78 and eight private schools The anglophone public schools are all part of School District 57 Prince George 79 It is also home to a public francophone elementary and secondary school both of which are part of School District 93 Conseil scolaire francophone 80 a province wide francophone school district Post secondary education choices include the regional College of New Caledonia CNC 81 which offers two year university transfer courses plus vocational and professional programs Several BC universities British Columbia Institute of Technology BCIT and the Open Learning Agency have integrated their local programs with CNC Prince George is also home to Guardian Aerospace Flight School 82 The University of Northern British Columbia 83 UNBC established in 1990 is the second newest university in Canada A total of 55 undergraduate programs 15 masters programs and two PhD programs are now offered at UNBC as well as the new Northern Medical Program 84 a joint program with the University of British Columbia intended to alleviate the shortage of physicians in the north A degree granting institution with regional teaching centres in nine BC communities and a sponsor for several research institutes UNBC has recently completed the construction of the I K Barber Enhanced Forestry Laboratory UNBC s hilltop campus overlooks the City of Prince George and has views of the foothills of the Rocky Mountains to the east 85 In 2015 86 and 2016 87 UNBC earned the top small university in Canada ranking by Maclean s UNBC has consistently been positioned in the top three for the last ten years The university was first entered into the McLean s rankings in 2005 as the best small university in Western Canada 88 The College of New Caledonia 81 CNC is a post secondary educational institution that serves the residents of central British Columbia It was established in Prince George in 1969 and has since expanded across northern British Columbia with campuses in Quesnel Mackenzie Burns Lake Valemount Fort St James Fraser Lake and Vanderhoof CNC enrolls about 5 000 students each year in approximately 90 distinct programs in business and management community and continuing education health sciences adult basic education upgrading trades and industry social services and technologies About 75 of these programs are available at CNC Prince George CNC offers university classes leading to degrees and professional programs in more than 50 subjects with excellent transferability to universities in BC Alberta and elsewhere All university classes are available at CNC Prince George and many are available at other campuses Sports and recreation EditClub Sport League VenuePrince George Cougars Ice hockey Western Hockey League WHL CN CentrePrince George Spruce Kings Ice hockey British Columbia Hockey League BCHL Prince George ColiseumNorthern BC Centre for Skating Ice skating Skate Canada BC YT Elksentre ArenaUNBC Timberwolves Soccer U Sports Masich Place StadiumPrince George s teams include the Prince George Cougars of the Western Hockey League WHL the Prince George Spruce Kings of the British Columbia Hockey League BCHL Youth Bowling Club YBC bowling teams Nechako Bowling 5th Avenue and also a ten pin team and Prince George Curling Prince George Golf and Curling Club Recently the Duchess Park Secondary School Senior boys basketball team won the provincial AA title for the first time in 26 years The February 1978 Northern B C Winter Games hosted by Prince George and organized by John Furlong were highly attended by 5 600 participants from age 8 to 90 in 38 events 89 90 The Spruce Kings hosted the 2007 Royal Bank Cup May 5 13 at the CN Centre Prince George has been home to several National Hockey League players including Murray Baron Blair Betts Tyler Bouck Chris Mason Ronald Petrovicky Justin Pogge Dan Hamhuis Sheldon Souray Derek Boogaard Dustin Byfuglien Devin Setoguchi Turner Stevenson and Darcy Rota Eric Brewer and Zdeno Chara were also teammates on the Cougars in 1995 and 1996 Prince George Citizen Field opened in the spring of 2006 The baseball facility has established itself as one of the most unusual diamonds in British Columbia clarification needed citation needed Recreation facilities include 116 playgrounds and parks baseball soccer and lacrosse fields eight golf courses plus tennis courts ice rinks and roller rinks a new modern Aquatic Centre as well as an older swimming pool and the CN Centre which is a 5 995 seat multi purpose arena For hikers there is an 11 km 6 8 mi riverfront system of urban hiking trails called the Heritage Trails 91 Four provincial parks in the region provide downhill cross country and heliskiing Parks include Park CommentsLheidli T enneh Memorial Park formerly Fort George ParkPaddlewheel Park Located in South Fort George This location is where Paddle wheeler boats landed in the town Rainbow ParkConnaught Hill located behind City Hall views of the city Foot ParkL C Gunn Park Trail on the east side of the Fraser RiverGinter s PropertyEskers ParkForests for the WorldCottonwood Island Park Trails along Cottonwood Island and the former Island Cache community North of Prince George is the Huble Homestead and Giscome Portage The Otway Nordic Centre operated by the Caledonia Nordic Ski Club is home to one of the largest Nordic ski clubs in the province and boasts more than 40 km 25 mi of groomed trails of which 5 km 3 1 mi are lit trails for evening skiing a biathlon range and a 130 m2 1 400 sq ft day lodge The Caledonia Ramblers Hiking Club offers weekly hikes in the city and surrounding countryside from May to October as well as snowshoeing in the winter months while the Prince George Section of the Alpine Club of Canada offers year round hiking scrambling climbing skiing and ice climbing trips in the nearby Cariboo and Rocky Mountains and local crags The Prince George Backcountry Recreation Society is an umbrella organization representing these and several other Prince George outdoor clubs For race fans the Prince George Auto Racing Association PGARA offers a variety of racing events at the PGARA Speedway including the locally famous hit to pass races The Prince George Rod and Gun Club maintains two range sites Hartman Rd Range offers Trap Skeet rifle silhouette and handgun ranges while the Blackwater Range offers multiple action bays and a 1500 m rifle range Prince George offers a Pride Centre for all LGBTQ and ally members in Prince George and the greater north Located at the University of Northern British Columbia the PC an organization under the Northern Pride Centre Society offers a safe space resources and support Prince George offers several nightclubs sports bars pubs and fine dining facilities The Treasure Cove Hotel and Casino is located at the junction of Highways 16 and 97 Moviegoers can choose between the Famous Players now Cineplex Entertainment six plex 92 or the Park Drive in Theatre which also offers mini golf facilities and a go kart track Cinema CNC hosts two arts cinema series each year in the fall and winter as well as a festival of Canadian films each February As part of its 100th anniversary the City of Prince George hosted the 2015 Canada Winter Games 37 Arts and culture EditThe off road motorcycle community is a very large and old presence in Prince George with multiple motocross tracks like the Blackwater motocross park and the BCR site and many networks of motorcycle trails It is one of the largest recreational features for the city of Prince George Art galleries and studios Edit The Two Rivers Gallery which opened in June 2000 has two exhibition galleries named the North and South Canfor Galleries a gift shop and a galleria It offers guided tours and art classes for both adults and children Studio 2880 houses the Artists Workshop the quilters potters weavers and spinners guilds Its sister building Studio 2820 is a Ticketmaster outlet and houses the Artisan Gift Shoppe Theatres Edit Prince George Amusement Company opened the 550 seat capacity Princess Theatre on the corner of Third Ave and Vancouver Street in 1914 93 which appears distinct from its namesake on Central Ave 94 95 The company s Rex Theatre opened on George Street that December 96 The Dreamland Theatre which relocated to George Street from South Fort George in January 1915 97 98 staged some vaudeville 99 and charity concerts 100 101 102 and accommodated political 103 104 105 religious 106 107 and sundry 108 meetings Movie screenings were irregular 109 110 111 112 113 prior to a 1918 reopening 114 Initially while the Rex primarily screened movies the Princess was largely vacant when not a venue for opera 115 charity concerts 116 117 and political 118 108 and sundry 119 120 121 122 108 meetings The 1919 relaunch as a movie venue was short lived 123 The Rex also held wrestling 124 charity concerts 125 126 127 and political 128 129 religious 130 131 132 and sundry 133 meetings Levi Graham 1879 1947 134 who took over the Rex Theatre in 1921 135 136 had gained industry experience since 1907 137 He also operated poolrooms 100 Further enterprises were movie screenings at select interior towns 138 refurbishing and managing the Royal Hotel 139 and operating club establishments 140 Al Gardner and Jim Bord briefly managed the Dreamland Theatre in 1922 141 142 Acquired by Graham the Princess Theatre reopened for movies in 1923 143 That year Capitol Entertainments of Canada purchased the Dreamland Theatre and renamed it the Capitol with Adams remaining as resident manager 144 Graham and two partners operating as Prince George Theatres acquired the Capitol two years later 145 Facing insufficient demand it continued mainly as a venue for live performances and public meetings 146 Graham moved the Rex to the corner of Third Avenue and Dominion Street After gutting and upgrading it opened in 1926 as the 500 seat Strand Theatre 147 Condemned as a safety risk 148 the Capitol was demolished in 1934 149 Adding a level floor above the existing one in 1935 150 the Princess served as a dance hall ballroom 151 and community centre for indoor sports 152 After an extensive 1942 upgrade it returned as a movie theatre 153 Graham built briefly operated and sold the Wells theatre 154 Selling his two local theatres to Herb G Stevenson in 1944 Graham devoted his attention to his Six Mile Tabor Lake Lodge enterprise 155 Odeon Theatres acquired the Strand and Princess in 1969 156 demolishing the former in 1975 157 Eighteen months later the latter suffered the same fate replaced by a three screen complex on the site 158 Cinema Treasures appears reasonably accurate in covering later theatre developments 159 Live theatre and symphony Edit Theatre Northwest is a professional theatre company producing stage productions throughout the year 160 The Prince George Theatre Workshop Society is a stage production company founded in the 1960s which puts on amateur theatre events throughout the year The Prince George Playhouse originally built by the Prince George Theatre Workshop Society now owned by the City of Prince George has many different uses such as amateur and professional theatre musical events and major plays put on by local small businesses The Prince George Symphony Orchestra PGSO is a mixed professional and semi professional orchestra The orchestra plays a number of concerts each year at venues around the city and occasionally tours other communities in northern British Columbia The PGSO performs at a variety of venues such as Vanier Hall and the Prince George Playhouse The Street Spirits Theatre Company is a Prince George youth oriented social action theatre group founded by its Artistic Director Andrew Burton with support from The Youth Around Prince Resource Centre The group creates and presents audience interactive performances using improv theatre techniques inspired by Theatre of the Oppressed Augusto Boal and Theatre for Living David Diamond along with many other influences 161 The group has been running since 1999 and has been given several grants from organizations such as the Vancouver Foundation and awards such as the Otto Rene Castillo Award for Political Theatre and the Canada Peace Medal among others 162 The group writes and performs interactive plays about issues affecting communities such as drug addiction teen pregnancy and racism and has put out several movies including a feature length film dealing with northern sex trade recruitment entitled Streetwise A 2005 cultural project that involved Prince George had Spirit Bears placed throughout various locations around the city The Spirit Bear is a fiberglass statue of a bear that has various sceneries painted on it Museums and libraries Edit Downtown branch of the Prince George Public Library The Exploration Place Museum and Science Centre is located in Lheidli T enneh Memorial Park and offers a wide variety of galleries and exhibits including a paleontology exhibit First Nations exhibit children s gallery the Prince George Sports Hall of Fame and the 2 ft 610 mm narrow gauge 163 Fort George Railway complete with a working steam locomotive The Prince George Railway and Forestry Museum opened in July 1986 coinciding with Expo 86 and 150 years of rail travel in Canada The museum has one of the largest vintage rail collections in the province including vintage rail cars locomotives and historical buildings Most of the museum pieces are located outdoors on the lot Some historical buildings include a building showing the advancement of the telephone and a building that was once a train stop There is also old firetrucks and forestry equipment A mini train goes around the museum lot The Prince George Public Library has two branches in the city the Bob Harkins branch in the downtown area which is considered the main library of the city and the smaller Nechako branch in the Hart The College of New Caledonia and University of Northern British Columbia both have libraries available to local residents Monuments and art installations Edit Mr PG at the junction of Highway 97 and Highway 16 Mr PG was first constructed in 1960 as a symbol of the importance of the forest industry to Prince George 164 165 That year he took part in the Prince George May Day parade and could speak and bow In 1961 he was entered in the Kelowna Regatta and the Vancouver PNE Parade and also travelled to Smithers Two years later he appeared in the 1963 Grey Cup parade 166 Today Mr PG stands at the junction of Highway 97 and Highway 16 He is 8 138 m 26 70 ft tall and his head is 1 5 m 4 ft 11 in in diameter 166 Notable people EditAnne Pomeroy Autor born 1935 biochemist and Professor at the University of British Columbia Aviel Barclay born 1969 first trained and certified female sofer religious scribe Murray Baron former National Hockey League NHL defenceman played for the Vancouver Canucks Birdman born 1969 real name Bryan Williams American rapper producer and co founder of Cash Money Records 167 Shirley Bond politician Lois Boone politician Dean Butler actor Zdeno Chara Slovak ice hockey defenceman played for the Prince George Cougars before his NHL career Denise Chong writer Brett Connolly Canadian professional ice hockey player Jon Cooper NHL coach Grace Dove actress 168 Brian Fawcett writer Donna Feore choreographer and musical theatre director John Furlong former president and CEO of the Vancouver Organizing Committee for the 2010 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games VANOC Marcel Gagnon musician Charles Jago university past president Member of the Order of Canada Cody Legebokoff serial killer Harold Mann boxer Brandon Manning born 1990 Canadian professional ice hockey player Barry McKinnon writer Ben Meisner journalist Bridget Moran social activist and writer Mayo Moran legal scholar Hubert Patrick O Connor Catholic bishop who resigned due to charges of sexual abuse Meryeta O Dine Olympic snowboard medalist Nilesh Patel filmmaker David William Ramsay disgraced judge Paul Ramsey politician Daryl Reaugh former NHL goaltender commentator Dave Rosin born 1981 musician electric guitarist Darcy Rota former NHL forward played for the Vancouver Canucks Anthony Sedlak chef and host of Food Network Canada s The Main George Sipos poet and writer Turner Stevenson former NHL forward Alyxandria Treasure high jumper member of 2016 Canadian Olympic team Gillian Wigmore writer Lynda Williams writer Jared Young Major League Baseball playerTransportation EditLocated at the intersection of Highways 97 and 16 Prince George is the hub for northern British Columbia Considerable truck traffic passes through Prince George which also has extensive facilities for maintenance of trucks and heavy equipment The streets in the Bowl area of Prince George are laid out in a grid with streets travelling north south and avenues travelling east west The streets are named after prominent citizens and they are placed in alphabetical order starting with A Alward Street near downtown and continuing westward to R Ruggles Street in the western part of the city Some avenues in the city are numbered 1st Avenue is located the northern part of the Bowl and the numbering increases southward until 22nd Avenue the highest numbered avenue in the city The grid in the downtown area is rotated so that avenues run from northwest to southeast and streets run northeast to southwest All avenues in downtown are numbered while most of the streets are named after various cities and provinces of Canada Many streets in College Heights are named after various colleges and universities However College Heights streets are not laid out in a grid like the Bowl Instead many roads in College Heights are curved and or winding and most are called avenues or crescents There is an inland port to Prince Rupert in Prince George which is served by CN Rail 169 Prince George Airport 170 located just within the southern boundary of the city 2 8 NM 5 2 km 3 2 mi southeast 171 The airport is classified as an airport of entry by Nav Canada and is staffed by the Canada Border Services Agency CBSA The airport can handle aircraft with up to 30 passengers or 120 if they are unloaded in stages 171 In 2016 462 007 172 passengers used Prince George Airport The primary air connection to the rest of the world is provided by multiple daily flights to Vancouver International Airport on Air Canada Express and WestJet Encore Flair Airlines provides twice weekly winter seasonal service to Tucson Arizona WestJet provides seasonal service with a weekly direct flight to Puerto Vallarta Mexico during the winter months Pacific Coastal Airlines offers a daily flight to and from Victoria International Airport Central Mountain Air and Northern Thunderbird Air fly to regional and smaller centres Horizon Air provided daily service to Seattle for a few months in 2008 but the service no longer exists as of 2009 Charter services provide flights to outlying areas primarily by floatplane though helicopter service is also available An expansion study to allow the airport to handle Boeing 747 cargo flights was completed 77 The airport was expanded and is listed as having the third longest runway in Canada 173 but since it was opened in 2009 it has not seen expanded use by any new airlines or 747s other than the test use by one cargo flight CNR freight lines operate out of Prince George as well as Via Rail passenger service the Jasper Prince Rupert train overnights at the Prince George station Local public transportation consists of the PG Transit bus service Directions EditWest of Prince George is Vanderhoof 96 km 60 mi Fraser Lake 155 km 96 mi Burns Lake 224 km 139 mi Houston 300 km 190 mi Smithers 375 km 233 mi Terrace 571 km 355 mi and Prince Rupert 715 km 444 mi East of Prince George is Giscome 44 km 27 mi McBride 211 km 131 mi Jasper 377 km 234 mi and Edmonton 739 km 459 mi North of Prince George is Mackenzie 185 km 115 mi and Fort St John 437 km 272 mi South of Prince George is Quesnel 119 km 74 mi and Williams Lake 238 km 148 mi Annual events EditThe British Columbia Northern Exhibition also known as the BCNE started in 1912 and is the city s largest summer event The four day show was known as the Prince George Exhibition or PGX until 2012 when the name was changed as part of 100th anniversary celebrations The BCNE is held each August and attractions include a large midway food fair trade show art and horticulture exhibitions 4 H exhibitions firefighter competitions and many other events The Forestry and Resources Expo began in 1985 to educate the public about the importance of forests to the city and region while displaying the latest in forestry technology supplies and services The Expo was revamped in 2013 and renamed the Canada North Resources Expo to reflect a focus on the wide range of sectors that impact the economy in Prince George and northern British Columbia including forestry oil and gas mining independent power producers the biomass industry and transportation Downtown Summerfest was revived by the Downtown Business Improvement Association in 2012 and is held every August The street party takes place in downtown Prince George and features entertainment vendors activities for children and a Taste Pavilion featuring food from local restaurants Kiwanis AleFest the great Northern British Columbia Craft Beer Festival takes place annually on the last weekend of January 174 The Prince George Coldsnap Festival formerly known as the Prince George Folk Festival is a national folk music festival held annually in the winter at various venues throughout Prince George Past artists have included John Denver Bruce Cockburn Sarah Harmer Janis Ian Alpha Yaya Diallo 2006 saw Matthew Good Fred Eaglesmith The Paperboys and others 175 The Snow Daze Winter Festival is held each February Some of the featured events include the Mr PG pageant curling bed races OTL over the line baseball Texas hold em poker tournament and snow golf 176 Prince George celebrates BC River s Day on the last Sunday in September at Lheidli T enneh Memorial Park with a live free music festival Performers in 2006 included Marcel Gagnon and Fear Zero among many others 177 The Father s Day Show and Shine is held in Lheidli T enneh Memorial Park and features vendors live performers and both vintage and modern cars 2007 s event saw an estimated 25 000 visitors and 365 cars were on display 178 The Prince George Iceman Multi sport race takes place usually the second week of February This event starts with an 8 km ski then a 10 km run a 5 km iceskate a 5 km run and then wraps up with an 800 m indoor swim This event has been happening since 1988 Participants can compete as individuals or on teams of 2 5 Junior teams can compete in a slightly modified course a shorter ski and swim and the 15 km run is broken into 3 segments instead of 2 179 Media EditMain article Media in Prince George British ColumbiaGovernment and politics EditLyn Hall is the Mayor of Prince George and serves with eight councillors Prince George holds four of the fourteen seats at the Regional District of Fraser Fort George Trent Derrick is the chair of the Board of School District 57 which includes not only the city of Prince George but a large sparsely populated area to the east and north and serves with six other elected school trustees Provincially Prince George is divided into two electoral districts Prince George Valemount represented by Shirley Bond and Prince George Mackenzie represented by Mike Morris Both are BC Liberals Federally Prince George is divided between Cariboo Prince George represented by Todd Doherty and Prince George Peace River Northern Rockies with Bob Zimmer Both are federal Conservatives See also Edit Trains portal Canada portalCanadian weather radar networkNotes Edit Extreme high and low temperatures are from the Prince George climate station August 1912 to June 1945 and Prince George STP November 1975 to present Statistic includes all persons that did not make up part of a visible minority or an indigenous identity Statistic includes total responses of Filipino and Southeast Asian under visible minority section on census Statistic includes total responses of Chinese Korean and Japanese under visible minority section on census Statistic includes total responses of West Asian and Arab under visible minority section on census Statistic includes total responses of Visible minority n i e and Multiple visible minorities under visible minority section on census Footnotes Edit Prince George Geographical Names Data Base Natural Resources Canada a b cite web url https www12 statcan gc ca census recensement 2021 dp pd prof details page cfm Lang E amp SearchText Prince 20George amp DGUIDlist 2021A00055953023 amp GENDERlist 1 2 3 amp STATISTIClist 1 amp HEADERlist 0 title Census Profile 2021 Census Prince George City Census subdivision British Columbia and Fraser Fort George Regional district Census division British Columbia publisher Statistics Canada date January 4 2023 Population and Dwelling Count Highlight Tables 2016 Census Statistics Canada February 8 2017 Retrieved January 4 2023 Census Profile 2021 Census of Population 2021 Census Statistics Canada February 8 2017 Retrieved January 4 2023 City of Prince George Our City Archived from the original on October 26 2015 Retrieved November 8 2015 a b c d e f Runnalls F E A History of Prince George 1946 a b George N D Decolonizing the Empathic Settler Mind An Autoethnographic Inquiry Antioch University 2014 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Vogt D Gamble D A Summer 2010 You Don t Suppose the Dominion Government Wants to Cheat the Indians The Grand Trunk Pacific Railway and the Fort George Reserve 1908 12 BC Studies 166 55 77 doi 10 14288 bcs v0i166 288 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Leonard Frank Autumn 1984 Grand Trunk Pacific and the Establishment of the City of Prince George 1911 1915 BC Studies 63 29 53 doi 10 14288 bcs v0i63 1190 a b Bumby Anna The Sales Campaign of George J Hammond and the Natural Resources Security Company CNC 1981 Downs 1971 47 59 Kent Sedgwick 1989 Street Names of Prince George CNC Press p 111 West 1985 34 Christensen 1989 36 Evelyn Charelle June 15 2015 Welcome to Lheidli T enneh Memorial Park a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint url status link a b What s In A Name About Our City Princegeorge ca City of Prince George Archived from the original on March 28 2015 Retrieved March 15 2015 Luba Frank July 25 2013 City of Prince George to invite newborn prince to make a royal visit The Province Archived from the original on July 28 2013 Christensen 1989 77 79 Corless Richard Frederick 1916 1931 Funeral Ledger a b c Hak Gordon 1985 The Communists and the Unemployed in the Prince George District 1930 1935 BC Studies 68 Old Army Base In Prince George By Mel McConaghy Archived October 14 2012 at the Wayback Machine Abandoned Canadian Military Bases Retrieved 06 December 2014 Christensen 1989 88 Lightning over PG Retrieved 06 December 2014 Prince George Newspaper Digitization Retrieved 06 December 2014 Christensen 1989 114 Christensen 1989 116 Davison George January 9 2008 It s all happened before Prince George Citizen p Letter to the Editor Archived from the original on December 11 2008 Retrieved January 11 2008 Prince George considers melting ice jam with hot water CBC News January 8 2008 Retrieved January 11 2008 Atkinson Cathryn January 15 2008 Prince George to send warm water into river to ease ice jam The Globe and Mail Retrieved January 17 2008 Amphibex on its way city hall says Prince George Citizen January 15 2008 Archived from the original on January 16 2008 Retrieved January 17 2008 Nechako Levels Continue to Drop 250 News January 17 2008 Retrieved January 17 2008 Atkinson Cathryn January 17 2008 Fire won t snuff out plans to clear ice jam The Globe and Mail Retrieved January 17 2008 Prince George removes floating digger as ice jam stretches 25 km CBC News January 29 2008 Retrieved January 31 2008 Cyr Whiting Michelle January 30 2008 Part Two In Flood Efforts The Warm Water System 250 News Retrieved January 31 2008 The army is coming the army is coming Retrieved December 06 2014 a b Canada Winter Games 2015 Canada Games Council Archived from the original on March 1 2015 July 1941 Environment Canada October 31 2011 Retrieved April 24 2016 a b Prince George Airport Environment and Climate Change Canada October 31 2011 Retrieved April 24 2016 Prince George STP Environment and Climate Change Canada September 25 2013 Retrieved April 24 2016 Prince George Environment and Climate Change Canada October 31 2011 Retrieved April 24 2016 Daily Data Report for November 2016 Environment and Climate Change Canada October 31 2011 Retrieved December 20 2016 Daily Data Report for June 2021 Environment and Climate Change Canada October 31 2011 Retrieved June 28 2021 City of Prince George Annual Water System Report 2011 PDF City of Prince George 2012 Retrieved December 29 2012 permanent dead link Fluoride Injection Systems Removal from Water Pumpstations PDF Retrieved May 20 2019 Prince George Airshed Technical Management Committee 1996 Dr Catherine Elliott and Dr Ray Copes 2007 Pollution proves deadly in Prince George study Canada com Archived from the original on October 17 2015 Retrieved January 30 2015 BC Stats British Columbia Municipal Census Populations 1976 1986 Archived July 23 2012 at archive today November 27 2005 BC Stats British Columbia Municipal Census Populations 1986 1996 Archived July 30 2012 at archive today November 27 2005 BC Stats British Columbia Municipal Census Populations 1996 2006 Archived May 29 2012 at archive today January 9 2007 a b Statistics Canada Community Highlights for Prince George Archived November 14 2007 at the Wayback Machine 2001 Community Profiles June 23 2007 Table IV Population of Prairie Provinces by Municipalities Local Improvement Districts or Unorganized Territorial Units 1916 Census of Prairie Provinces 1916 Ottawa Department of Trade and Commerce 1918 Table 6 Population by census divisions of Saskatchewan classified by municipalities for census years 1921 and 1926 Census of Prairie Provinces 1926 Ottawa Department of Trade and Commerce 1929 Table 6 Population by census subdivisions 1926 1946 Census of the Prairie Provinces 1946 Vol I Population Ottawa Dominion Bureau of Statistics 1949 Table 6 Population by sex for census subdivisions 1956 and 1951 Census of Canada 1956 Vol I Population Ottawa Dominion Bureau of Statistics 1958 Table 9 Population by census subdivisions 1966 by sex and 1961 1966 Census of Canada Western Provinces Vol Population Divisions and Subdivisions Ottawa Dominion Bureau of Statistics 1967 Table 3 Population for census divisions and subdivisions 1971 and 1976 1976 Census of Canada Census Divisions and Subdivisions Western Provinces and the Territories Vol Population Geographic Distributions Ottawa Statistics Canada 1977 Table 2 Census Subdivisions in Alphabetical Order Showing Population Rank Canada 1981 1981 Census of Canada Vol Census subdivisions in decreasing population order Ottawa Statistics Canada 1982 ISBN 0 660 51563 6 Table 2 Population and Dwelling Counts for Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions 1986 and 1991 100 Data 91 Census Vol Population and Dwelling Counts Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions Ottawa Statistics Canada 1992 pp 100 108 ISBN 0 660 57115 3 Population and Dwelling Counts for Canada Provinces and Territories and Census Divisions 2001 and 1996 Censuses 100 Data British Columbia Statistics Canada Retrieved May 28 2019 Population and dwelling counts for Canada provinces and territories and census subdivisions municipalities 2006 and 2001 censuses 100 data British Columbia Statistics Canada January 6 2010 Retrieved May 28 2019 Census Profile 2016 Census Statistics Canada February 8 2017 Retrieved February 4 2020 Census Profile 2021 Census of Population 2021 Census Statistics Canada February 8 2017 Retrieved January 4 2023 Population and dwelling counts Canada provinces and territories and census subdivisions municipalities British Columbia Statistics Canada February 9 2022 Retrieved February 20 2022 a b Government of Canada Statistics Canada October 26 2022 Census Profile 2021 Census of Population www12 statcan gc ca Retrieved November 9 2022 Government of Canada Statistics Canada October 27 2021 Census Profile 2016 Census www12 statcan gc ca Retrieved December 24 2022 Government of Canada Statistics Canada November 27 2015 NHS Profile www12 statcan gc ca Retrieved December 24 2022 Government of Canada Statistics Canada August 20 2019 2006 Community Profiles www12 statcan gc ca Retrieved December 24 2022 Government of Canada Statistics Canada July 2 2019 2001 Community Profiles www12 statcan gc ca Retrieved December 24 2022 Canada s most dangerous city Prince George Maclean s December 15 2011 Retrieved April 25 2019 Canada s most dangerous cities Maclean s December 7 2012 Retrieved April 25 2019 Canada s most dangerous cities 2016 How safe is your city Maclean s August 11 2016 Retrieved April 25 2019 Province Canfor Join Fight Against City S Pine Beetle Archived March 5 2012 at the Wayback Machine Prince George Citizen MLA Bell mum about Canfor meeting Archived October 8 2007 at the Wayback Machine Petersen Hanna March 4 2022 Prince George s Pacific BioEnergy plant officially closes after 28 years Prince George Citizen a b Economic Activity PDF Initiatives Prince George April 2007 Archived from the original PDF on July 3 2007 Organization Chart 2011 2012 PDF School District 57 Prince George Archived from the original PDF on March 13 2014 Retrieved January 23 2013 School District No 57 Prince George School District No 57 Prince George Sd57 bc ca Retrieved May 20 2019 Conseil scolaire francophone de la Colombie Britannique CSF Conseil scolaire francophone de la Colombie Britannique CSF Retrieved May 20 2019 a b College of New Caledonia British Columbia Canada Cnc bc ca Retrieved May 20 2019 Flight School Guardian Aerospace Retrieved January 4 2012 University of Northern British Columbia Unbc ca Retrieved May 20 2019 Northern Medical Program Teaching Laboratory University of Northern British Columbia www unbc ca Retrieved January 26 2020 Introducing the 2016 Maclean s University Rankings Macleans ca October 29 2015 Retrieved April 3 2017 University rankings Canada 2017 Primarily Undergraduate Macleans ca October 26 2016 Retrieved April 3 2017 University Rankings 2016 Primarily Undergraduate Macleans ca Macleans ca November 4 2015 Retrieved May 20 2016 Mackin Bob July 30 2013 PG News Archive Says Furlong Left Canada Amidst Death Threats The Tyee Retrieved January 2 2017 Only the Olympics were bigger The Prince George Citizen Prince George British Columbia January 27 1978 Retrieved January 2 2017 City of Prince George Parks Recreation amp Culture Heritage River Trails Archived March 16 2011 at the Wayback Machine Famous Players 6 Cinemas Fort George Tribune 18 Apr 1914 Fort George Herald 22 Nov 1913 Fort George Tribune 23 Jan 1915 Prince George Post 21 Nov 1914 amp 19 Dec 1914 Prince George Post 9 Jan 1915 Prince George Citizen 30 Nov 2002 Prince George Citizen 5 Mar 1920 a b Prince George Star 5 Dec 1916 Prince George Citizen 17 Sep 1919 8 Oct 1919 4 Jun 1920 18 Mar 1921 15 Apr 1921 amp 21 Nov 1922 Prince George Leader 1 Feb 1923 amp 22 Feb 1923 Prince George Post 13 Mar 1915 Prince George Star 9 Mar 1917 Prince George Citizen 8 Oct 1918 14 Jan 1919 26 Nov 1920 14 Jan 1921 amp 9 Jan 1923 Prince George Citizen 19 Nov 1920 to 15 Mar 1921 5 Jul 1921 amp 11 Oct 1921 Prince George Leader 1 Mar 1921 to 17 Jun 1921 a b c Prince George Leader 3 Mar 1922 Fort George Herald 3 Oct 1914 Prince George Post 20 Mar 1915 Prince George Herald 2 Oct 1915 amp 25 Dec 1915 Prince George Star 1 Dec 1916 Prince George Citizen 27 Aug 1915 amp 17 amp 24 Sep 1918 Prince George Citizen 26 Nov 1918 Prince George Post 15 amp 22 May 1915 Fort George Herald 23 amp 30 Apr 1915 Prince George Herald 18 Dec 1915 Fort George Tribune 16 Jan 1915 Fort George Tribune 20 Jun 1914 Fort George Herald 9 Jan 1915 Prince George Post 24 Apr 1915 Prince George Herald 11 Jun 1915 Prince George Citizen 17 amp 29 Sep 1919 Fort George Herald 30 Jan 1915 amp 20 Feb 1915 Prince George Post 6 Feb 1915 18 Sep 1915 amp 18 Mar 1921 Prince George Citizen 6 Sep 1918 amp 26 Feb 1919 Prince George Leader 17 Feb 1922 amp 3 Mar 1922 Fort George Herald 14 May 1915 Prince George Herald 13 Aug 1915 Prince George Post 22 May 1915 amp 23 Jul 1915 to 18 Sep 1915 Prince George Herald 16 Jul 1915 amp 2 Oct 1915 to 15 Jan 1916 Prince George Citizen 20 Aug 1918 amp 17 Dec 1919 Prince George Citizen 11 Jun 1919 Royal BC Museum Prince George Leader 8 amp 29 Jul 1921 Prince George Citizen 24 Jul 1947 Prince George Citizen 9 Nov 1944 amp 24 Jul 1947 Prince George Leader 23 amp 30 Nov 1922 Prince George Citizen 2 Aug 1923 Prince George Citizen 9 Aug 1923 amp 24 Apr 1924 Prince George Citizen 22 Aug 1922 Prince George Leader 23 Nov 1922 Prince George Citizen 26 Apr 1923 amp 10 May 1923 Prince George Citizen 31 May 1923 Prince George Citizen 3 Sep 1925 amp 24 Jul 1947 Prince George Citizen 24 Dec 1925 11 Feb 1926 15 Apr 1926 19 Aug 1926 amp 2 Sep 1926 Prince George Citizen 29 Apr 1926 amp 1 amp 8 Jul 1926 Prince George Citizen 22 Nov 1928 Prince George Citizen 10 May 1934 Prince George Citizen 31 Oct 1935 Prince George Citizen 31 Oct 1935 28 Nov 1935 31 Mar 1938 15 Dec 1938 18 May 1939 amp 26 Oct 1939 Prince George Citizen 19 amp 26 Sep 1935 10 Oct 1935 amp 2 Nov 1939 Prince George Citizen 30 Jul 1942 Prince George Citizen 14 Nov 1940 amp 9 Jan 1941 Prince George Citizen 10 Aug 1944 amp 9 amp 16 Nov 1944 Prince George Citizen 3 Mar 1969 Prince George Citizen 30 Jul 1975 Prince George Citizen 23 Nov 1976 Movie Theaters in Prince George BC Theatre Northwest Theatrenorthwest com Retrieved May 20 2019 Street Spirits Theatre Company Arts Health Network Canada Arts Health Network Canada Canadian Initiatives British Columbia 2011 British Columbia Arts Health Network Canada 2011 Archived from the original on April 12 2011 Steamlocomotive info Grand Trunk Pacific Railway No 1 Retrieved May 20 2019 Oud Nicole July 2 2019 Exhibit celebrates Prince George s iconic Mr PG mascot CBC News Retrieved May 1 2020 Dickson Courtney February 29 2020 Mr PG logs 60 years as Prince George s beloved mascot CBC News Retrieved May 1 2020 a b Leier Alyssa March 3 2020 Mr PG turns 60 CKPG TV Retrieved May 1 2020 Britten Liam Kurjata Andrew April 27 2016 Birdman 5th richest man in hip hop has secret Canadian connection CBC News Retrieved April 27 2016 Frank Peebles Rising Star Prince George Citizen December 30 2015 Multimodal Strategy Prince George Airport Authority Retrieved April 25 2019 Prince George Airport YXS Pgairport ca Retrieved May 20 2019 a b Canada Flight Supplement Effective 0901Z 16 July 2020 to 0901Z 10 September 2020 2016 Passenger Numbers Exceed Expectations YXS Prince George Airport Authority Pgairport ca January 18 2017 Retrieved April 3 2017 PGAA officially opens 3rd longest commercial runway in Canada Home kiwanisalefest ca Retrieved January 4 2023 Coldsnap The Prince George Winter Music Festival Retrieved April 25 2019 Prince George s Mardi Gras of Winter Society Snow Daze Winter Festival British Columbia Canada Archived from the original on September 5 2007 Retrieved June 23 2007 BC Rivers Day Music Festival Prince George British Columbia Canada Archived January 5 2016 at the Wayback Machine 1 Archived November 14 2007 at the Wayback Machine Home Pgiceman ca Retrieved May 20 2019 References EditChristensen Bev 1989 Prince George Rivers Railways and Timber Burlington Windsor ISBN 0 89781 266 2 Downs Art 1971 Paddlewheels on the Frontier Vol one ISBN 0 88826 033 4 Leonard Frank 1996 A Thousand Blunders The History of the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway in Northern British Columbia Vancouver University of British Columbia Press ISBN 0 7748 0552 8 Nash Mike 2007 Exploring Prince George A Guide To North Central B C Outdoors ISBN 978 1 894765 49 7 Poser William 1999 Lheidli T enneh Hubughunek Lheidli T enneh Carrier Dictionary Prince George Lheidli T enneh Runnalls Reverend Francis Edwin 1946 A History of Prince George Prince George the author University Women s Club of Prince George 2005 Street Names of Prince George Prince George College of New Caledonia Press ISBN 0 9735092 0 1 Walker Russell Bacon Beans and Brave Hearts West Willis J 1985 Stagecoach and Sternwheeler Days in the Cariboo and Central BC ISBN 0 919214 68 1 http pgnewspapers pgpl ca fedora repositoryExternal links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Prince George British Columbia Official website Prince George travel guide from Wikivoyage Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Prince George British Columbia amp oldid 1132541775, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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