The planehead filefish grows to a maximum length of 27 centimetres (11 in) but is more typically about 17 centimetres (6.7 in) long. The colour is cryptic, being a more or less mottled pale brown, olive or green on a light coloured background, sometimes with darker brown splotches and streaks. The fish is laterally compressed and deep bodied. The snout is elongated with a terminal mouth. The large yellow eye is set high on the head and above it is a prominent retractable spine. This is the anterior of the two spines associated with the long dorsal fin, which also has 29 to 35 soft rays. The anal fin has no spines and between 30 and 35 soft rays. The pectoral fins are small and the tail fin is large and fan-shaped, often with two darker coloured bands.[3][4][5]
Planehead filefish are sexually dimorphic. In mature males, the second soft ray of the dorsal fin becomes greatly elongated and the scales on either side of the caudal peduncle develop into a patch of bristles. The elongated ray reaches between 104 and 128 mm. Females do not develop secondary sexual characteristics. They tend to have greater body depth than males, but variation in this trait exists in both sexes and overlap in measurements are recorded.[5]
Distribution and habitatedit
The planehead filefish is found in the Atlantic Ocean at depths of up to 300 metres (980 ft). Its range extends from Nova Scotia to Uruguay in the west and from the Canary Islands to Angola in the east. It is found near the seabed on reefs and over sandy and muddy sea floors. It is often found among Sargassum seaweed.[3]
Biologyedit
In the Canary Islands the growth and ageing of the planehead filefish have been studied. Spawning takes place in the summer and the age of the fish is established by using the fast and slow growth rings found in the anterior dorsal fin spine. The species has a lifespan of about three years and reaches half its final length by the end of its first year.[6]
Usesedit
The planehead filefish can be used for human consumption. In the Canary Islands it is caught in fish traps and at one time was considered to be a by-catch, incidental to the capture of other, more desirable fish. However, since the 1980s, it has become a target species in its own right and by 2000, there were concerns about overfishing.[6]
Referencesedit
^Matsuura, K.; Tyler, J.; Robertson, R. (2017) [errata version of 2015 assessment]. "Stephanolepis hispidus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T16781168A115366674. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T16781168A16782263.en. Retrieved 20 July 2020.
^Stephanolepis hispidus, Marine Species Identification Portal. Retrieved 2012-01-04.
^ abFrederick H. Berry and Louis E. Vogele (1959). "Filefishes (Monacanthidae) of the western North Atlantic" (PDF). Fishery Bulletin. 61: 61–109.
^ abBerry, Frederick H.; Voegle, Louis E. (2004). "Age and growth of Stephanolepis hispidus (Linnaeus, 1766) (Pisces: Monacanthidae), in the Canary Islands area". Fisheries Research. 66 (2–3): 381–386. doi:10.1016/j.fishres.2003.07.002.
External linksedit
Photos of Stephanolepis hispidus on Sealife Collection
January 01, 1970
stephanolepis, hispidus, planehead, filefish, species, bony, fish, finned, fish, family, monacanthidae, planehead, filefish, conservation, status, least, concern, iucn, scientific, classification, domain, eukaryota, kingdom, animalia, phylum, chordata, class, . Stephanolepis hispidus the planehead filefish is a species of bony fish a ray finned fish in the family Monacanthidae Planehead filefish Conservation status Least Concern IUCN 3 1 1 Scientific classification Domain Eukaryota Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class Actinopterygii Order Tetraodontiformes Family Monacanthidae Genus Stephanolepis Species S hispidus Binomial name Stephanolepis hispidus Linnaeus 1766 2 Synonyms 2 Balistes hispidusLinnaeus 1766 Monacanthus aurigaLowe 1852 Monacanthus filamentosusValenciennes 1838 Monacanthus gallinulaValenciennes 1843 Monacanthus hispidus Linnaeus 1766 Monacanthus oppositusPoey 1860 Monacanthus setiferDeKay 1842 Monacanthus spilonotusCope 1871 Monocanthus setiferDeKay 1842 Stephanolepis hispida Linnaeus 1766 Contents 1 Description 2 Distribution and habitat 3 Biology 4 Uses 5 References 6 External linksDescription editThe planehead filefish grows to a maximum length of 27 centimetres 11 in but is more typically about 17 centimetres 6 7 in long The colour is cryptic being a more or less mottled pale brown olive or green on a light coloured background sometimes with darker brown splotches and streaks The fish is laterally compressed and deep bodied The snout is elongated with a terminal mouth The large yellow eye is set high on the head and above it is a prominent retractable spine This is the anterior of the two spines associated with the long dorsal fin which also has 29 to 35 soft rays The anal fin has no spines and between 30 and 35 soft rays The pectoral fins are small and the tail fin is large and fan shaped often with two darker coloured bands 3 4 5 Planehead filefish are sexually dimorphic In mature males the second soft ray of the dorsal fin becomes greatly elongated and the scales on either side of the caudal peduncle develop into a patch of bristles The elongated ray reaches between 104 and 128 mm Females do not develop secondary sexual characteristics They tend to have greater body depth than males but variation in this trait exists in both sexes and overlap in measurements are recorded 5 Distribution and habitat editThe planehead filefish is found in the Atlantic Ocean at depths of up to 300 metres 980 ft Its range extends from Nova Scotia to Uruguay in the west and from the Canary Islands to Angola in the east It is found near the seabed on reefs and over sandy and muddy sea floors It is often found among Sargassum seaweed 3 Biology editIn the Canary Islands the growth and ageing of the planehead filefish have been studied Spawning takes place in the summer and the age of the fish is established by using the fast and slow growth rings found in the anterior dorsal fin spine The species has a lifespan of about three years and reaches half its final length by the end of its first year 6 Uses editThe planehead filefish can be used for human consumption In the Canary Islands it is caught in fish traps and at one time was considered to be a by catch incidental to the capture of other more desirable fish However since the 1980s it has become a target species in its own right and by 2000 there were concerns about overfishing 6 References edit Matsuura K Tyler J Robertson R 2017 errata version of 2015 assessment Stephanolepis hispidus IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015 e T16781168A115366674 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2015 4 RLTS T16781168A16782263 en Retrieved 20 July 2020 a b Bailly Nicolas 2010 Stephanolepis hispidus Linnaeus 1766 WoRMS World Register of Marine Species Retrieved 2012 01 04 a b Stephanolepis hispidus Linnaeus 1766 FishBase Retrieved 2012 01 04 Stephanolepis hispidus Marine Species Identification Portal Retrieved 2012 01 04 a b Frederick H Berry and Louis E Vogele 1959 Filefishes Monacanthidae of the western North Atlantic PDF Fishery Bulletin 61 61 109 a b Berry Frederick H Voegle Louis E 2004 Age and growth of Stephanolepis hispidus Linnaeus 1766 Pisces Monacanthidae in the Canary Islands area Fisheries Research 66 2 3 381 386 doi 10 1016 j fishres 2003 07 002 External links editPhotos of Stephanolepis hispidus on Sealife Collection Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Stephanolepis hispidus amp oldid 1189657419, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
