Pinus densiflora, also called the Japanese red pine,[3] the Japanese pine,[4] or Korean red pine,[5] is a species of pine tree native to East Asia. In China it is known as 赤松 (pinyin: chì sōng, literally "red pine").
The leaves are needle-like, 8–12 centimetres (3–4+1⁄2 inches) long, with two per fascicle. The short leaves are 5–6 cm. There are stomatal lines on both sides of the leaf, 2 vascular bundles, about 3–9 resin canals, and fine serrations on the edge of the leaf. Branchlets with more or less white powder. Male cones are light reddish yellow, clustered in the lower part of new branchs, female cones are light reddish purple, solitary or clustered in 2–3 clusters. The cones are dark brown yellow or light brown yellow when mature, they dehiscent at maturity, seed scales usually thin, seed winged. The bark is orange-red, cracked into irregular scale-like pieces. Heartwood reddish brown, sapwood light reddish yellow. The height of the tree is 20–35 metres (66–115 feet). The crown can reach 30 meters.[6][7][8]
"The distribution of P. densiflora in China has the following pattern of variation: the more northward it is distributed, the needles are relatively shorter, the white powder on the branchlets is sometimes less obvious or partly obvious, and the color of the cones is lighter. It is light brown yellow".[6]
The cones are 4–7 cm (1+1⁄2–3 in) long. It is closely related to Scots pine, differing in the longer, slenderer leaves which are mid-green without the glaucous-blue tone of Scots pine. This pine has become a popular ornamental and has several cultivars, but in the winter it becomes yellowish. The plant prefers full sun on well-drained, slightly acidic soil.
UsesEdit
Strong wind resistance, P. densiflora is an excellent tree species for afforestation in stony mountains, barren soil and sandy land. The timber can be used for construction, electric poles, sleepers, ore pillars, furniture, and wood fiber industrial raw materials. The trunk is rich in resin, from which rosin and turpentine can be extracted. Essential oil can be extracted from the leaves. In northeast China, matsutake relies on P. densiflora for growth. "Jilin Tianfozhishan National Nature Reserve/Jilin Tianfozhishan National Nature Reserve" takes Matsutake, P. densiflora and ecosystem as the main protection objects. P. densiflora wood has natural anti-corrosion and anti-mildew properties, and natural preservatives and natural wood anti-mold agents can be extracted. P. densiflora has non-stinging needles and soft branches, making it easy to shape as a penjing.[6][8]
ReferencesEdit
^Farjon, A. (2013). "Pinus densiflora". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2013: e.T42355A2974820. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T42355A2974820.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
^The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species, retrieved 15 December 2015
^USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Pinus densiflora". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 31 January 2016.
pinus, densiflora, also, called, japanese, pine, japanese, pine, korean, pine, species, pine, tree, native, east, asia, china, known, 赤松, pinyin, chì, sōng, literally, pine, conservation, statusleast, concern, iucn, scientific, classificationkingdom, plantaecl. Pinus densiflora also called the Japanese red pine 3 the Japanese pine 4 or Korean red pine 5 is a species of pine tree native to East Asia In China it is known as 赤松 pinyin chi sōng literally red pine Pinus densifloraConservation statusLeast Concern IUCN 3 1 1 Scientific classificationKingdom PlantaeClade TracheophytesClade GymnospermsDivision PinophytaClass PinopsidaOrder PinalesFamily PinaceaeGenus PinusSubgenus P subg PinusSection P sect PinusSubsection P subsect PinusSpecies P densifloraBinomial namePinus densifloraSiebold amp Zucc Synonyms 2 Pinus funebris Kom Pinus japonica Forbes nom illeg Pinus scopifera Miq Contents 1 Distribution and habitat 2 Description 3 Uses 4 References 5 Further readingDistribution and habitat EditP densiflora has a home range that includes Japan the Korean Peninsula northeastern China Heilongjiang Jilin Liaoning Shandong and northeastern Jiangsu and the extreme southeast of Russia in Siberia southern Primorsky Krai Description EditThe leaves are needle like 8 12 centimetres 3 4 1 2 inches long with two per fascicle The short leaves are 5 6 cm There are stomatal lines on both sides of the leaf 2 vascular bundles about 3 9 resin canals and fine serrations on the edge of the leaf Branchlets with more or less white powder Male cones are light reddish yellow clustered in the lower part of new branchs female cones are light reddish purple solitary or clustered in 2 3 clusters The cones are dark brown yellow or light brown yellow when mature they dehiscent at maturity seed scales usually thin seed winged The bark is orange red cracked into irregular scale like pieces Heartwood reddish brown sapwood light reddish yellow The height of the tree is 20 35 metres 66 115 feet The crown can reach 30 meters 6 7 8 The distribution of P densiflora in China has the following pattern of variation the more northward it is distributed the needles are relatively shorter the white powder on the branchlets is sometimes less obvious or partly obvious and the color of the cones is lighter It is light brown yellow 6 The cones are 4 7 cm 1 1 2 3 in long It is closely related to Scots pine differing in the longer slenderer leaves which are mid green without the glaucous blue tone of Scots pine This pine has become a popular ornamental and has several cultivars but in the winter it becomes yellowish The plant prefers full sun on well drained slightly acidic soil Uses EditStrong wind resistance P densiflora is an excellent tree species for afforestation in stony mountains barren soil and sandy land The timber can be used for construction electric poles sleepers ore pillars furniture and wood fiber industrial raw materials The trunk is rich in resin from which rosin and turpentine can be extracted Essential oil can be extracted from the leaves In northeast China matsutake relies on P densiflora for growth Jilin Tianfozhishan National Nature Reserve Jilin Tianfozhishan National Nature Reserve takes Matsutake P densiflora and ecosystem as the main protection objects P densiflora wood has natural anti corrosion and anti mildew properties and natural preservatives and natural wood anti mold agents can be extracted P densiflora has non stinging needles and soft branches making it easy to shape as a penjing 6 8 References Edit Farjon A 2013 Pinus densiflora IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013 e T42355A2974820 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2013 1 RLTS T42355A2974820 en Retrieved 19 November 2021 The Plant List A Working List of All Plant Species retrieved 15 December 2015 USDA NRCS n d Pinus densiflora The PLANTS Database plants usda gov Greensboro North Carolina National Plant Data Team Retrieved 31 January 2016 BSBI List 2007 xls Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland Archived from the original xls on 2015 06 26 Retrieved 17 October 2015 English Names for Korean Native Plants PDF Pocheon Korea National Arboretum 2015 p 575 ISBN 978 89 97450 98 5 Archived from the original PDF on 25 May 2017 Retrieved 8 December 2016 via Korea Forest Service a b c 赤松 chi sōng Pinus densiflora Sieb et Zucc in Chinese www iplant cn Retrieved 2023 02 08 Pinus densiflora Siebold amp Zuccarini www efloras org Retrieved 2023 02 08 a b 刘玉波 2022 12 12 赤松赤胆忠心松茸共生共荣 in Chinese www forestry gov cn Retrieved 2023 02 08 Further reading Edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pinus densiflora J E Aughanbaugh 1950 Japanese Red Pine cabdirect Pennsylvania Forests and Waters 2 1 10 11 18 nbsp Planted in a Japanese park nbsp Cultivated Japanese Red Pine Pendula in Huntington Library s Japanese Garden nbsp Planted in Japanese garden nbsp Var Umbraculifera Tanyosho pine nbsp Planted in New York Botanical Garden nbsp Pinus densiflora range map Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Pinus densiflora amp oldid 1176030127, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
