Patrick Joseph Hayes (November 20, 1867 – September 4, 1938) was an American cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of New York from 1919 until his death, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1924.
Patrick Hayes was born in the Five Points section of Manhattan to Daniel Hayes and Mary Gleason.[1] In his own words, Hayes "was born very humble and, I may say, of poor people."[2] Both of his parents were from County Kerry, Ireland, and moved to the United States in 1864.[3] A younger brother, John, was born in 1870. Hayes' mother died in June 1872, and his father later remarried around 1876; a half-sister, Anastasia, was also born that year.[3] At age 15, he was sent to live with his aunt and uncle, who ran a grocery store where Hayes then worked.[3]
The cardinal opposed Prohibition, backed legislation to limit indecency on the stage, and endorsed unemployment relief during the Great Depression. Commenting on the Depression in 1931, he stated, "The American people are experiencing a return to religion following a period of carelessness and cynicism marked by the prosperity of the land...Now they are returning when they find they are in need of something greater than the material in facing adversity and stress."[2]
After the Rev. Charles Coughlin praised the former MayorJimmy Walker in New York, Hayes, who had earlier denounced Walker for his perceived lack of morality, ruled that no ecclesiastical visitor might address a religious gathering without the cardinal's permission.[10]
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Patrick Joseph Hayes November 20 1867 September 4 1938 was an American cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church He served as Archbishop of New York from 1919 until his death and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1924 His EminencePatrick Joseph Cardinal HayesArchbishop of New YorkSeeNew YorkAppointedMarch 10 1919InstalledMarch 19 1919Term endedSeptember 4 1938PredecessorJohn Murphy FarleySuccessorFrancis SpellmanOther post s Cardinal Priest of Santa Maria in Via Vicar Apostolic for the United States Armed ForcesOrdersOrdinationSeptember 8 1892by Michael CorriganConsecrationOctober 28 1914by John Murphy FarleyCreated cardinalMarch 24 1924by Pius XIRankCardinal PriestPersonal detailsBorn 1867 11 20 November 20 1867New York City New York U S DiedSeptember 4 1938 1938 09 04 aged 70 Monticello New York U S BuriedSt Patrick s Cathedral New YorkPrevious post s Auxiliary Bishop of New York 1914 1919 MottoDomine Mane Nobiscum Stay With Us O Lord Coat of armsOrdination history of Patrick Joseph HayesHistoryEpiscopal consecrationConsecrated byJohn Murphy FarleyDateOctober 28 1914Episcopal successionBishops consecrated by Patrick Joseph Hayes as principal consecratorWilliam F O Hare S J February 25 1920John Joseph DunnOctober 28 1921Daniel Joseph CurleyMay 1 1923John Joseph MittySeptember 8 1926Joseph Francis RummelMay 28 1928John Francis O HernMarch 9 1929James Edward KearneyOctober 28 1932James Thomas Gibbons HayesJune 18 1933Stephen Joseph DonahueMay 1 1934Bartholomew J EustaceMarch 25 1938Styles of Patrick HayesReference styleHis EminenceSpoken styleYour EminenceInformal styleCardinalSeeNew York Contents 1 Early life and education 2 Priesthood 3 Early episcopal career 3 1 Auxiliary Bishop of New York 3 2 Bishop for the Military Services 4 Archbishop of New York 4 1 Cardinal 5 Death and legacy 6 Images 7 See also 8 References 9 External linksEarly life and education EditPatrick Hayes was born in the Five Points section of Manhattan to Daniel Hayes and Mary Gleason 1 In his own words Hayes was born very humble and I may say of poor people 2 Both of his parents were from County Kerry Ireland and moved to the United States in 1864 3 A younger brother John was born in 1870 Hayes mother died in June 1872 and his father later remarried around 1876 a half sister Anastasia was also born that year 3 At age 15 he was sent to live with his aunt and uncle who ran a grocery store where Hayes then worked 3 After attending La Salle Academy Hayes studied at Manhattan College where he excelled at philosophy and the classics and obtained a Bachelor of Arts degree with high honors in 1888 3 At Manhattan he also befriended George Mundelein who would later become Archbishop of Chicago 4 Hayes then attended St Joseph s Seminary in Troy 1 Priesthood EditHayes was ordained to the priesthood by Archbishop Michael Corrigan on September 8 1892 1 He was then sent for further studies at the Catholic University of America in Washington D C earning a Licentiate of Sacred Theology in 1894 3 Upon his return to New York City Hayes was appointed Curate at St Gabriel s Church on the Lower East Side where he served under its pastor John Murphy Farley whom he would later succeed as Archbishop of New York 3 Hayes following Farley s elevation to the episcopacy served as his private secretary from 1895 to 1903 thereafter he was appointed chancellor of the Archdiocese and Rector of the Cathedral College 3 He was named Domestic Prelate of His Holiness on October 15 1907 1 Early episcopal career EditAuxiliary Bishop of New York Edit On July 3 1914 Hayes was appointed Auxiliary Bishop of New York and Titular Bishop of Thagaste by Pope Pius X 5 He received his episcopal consecration on the following October 28 from Cardinal Farley with Bishops Henry Gabriels and Thomas Cusack serving as co consecrators at St Patrick s Cathedral 5 Bishop for the Military Services Edit Hayes was later named Vicar Apostolic of Military USA on November 24 1917 5 Serving as head of the American military ordinariate during World War I he recruited hundreds of priests as commissioned officers or chaplains 3 He was also one of the four episcopal members of the executive committee of the National Catholic War Council 3 Archbishop of New York EditFollowing the death of Cardinal Farley in September 1918 Hayes was appointed by Pope Benedict XV as the fifth Archbishop of New York on March 10 1919 5 He was formally installed as Archbishop on the following March 19 4 He founded the archdiocesan Catholic Charities in 1920 and subsequently became known as the Cardinal of Charities 4 In a 1921 pastoral letter Hayes strongly condemned abortion contraception and divorce 6 He had the first convention of the American Birth Control League raided 7 and later called its members prophets of decadence 8 He welcomed the election of Eamon de Valera as President of the Irish Republic and contributed 1 000 to Sinn Fein 3 Cardinal Edit Pope Pius XI created him Cardinal Priest of Santa Maria in Via in the consistory of March 24 1924 It was speculated that the Pope delayed his elevation to the Sacred College of Cardinals because a group affiliated with New York s St Patrick s Cathedral had stoned the Union Club for flying a British flag clarification needed but Pius nevertheless warmly greeted Hayes at the consistory as dear little brother 4 9 The cardinal opposed Prohibition backed legislation to limit indecency on the stage and endorsed unemployment relief during the Great Depression Commenting on the Depression in 1931 he stated The American people are experiencing a return to religion following a period of carelessness and cynicism marked by the prosperity of the land Now they are returning when they find they are in need of something greater than the material in facing adversity and stress 2 After the Rev Charles Coughlin praised the former Mayor Jimmy Walker in New York Hayes who had earlier denounced Walker for his perceived lack of morality ruled that no ecclesiastical visitor might address a religious gathering without the cardinal s permission 10 On June 24 1924 he offered the invocation at the opening of the 1924 Democratic National Convention 11 He used his Tammany Hall connections to line up Democratic support in Congress for legislation protecting Catholic schools in the Philippines in 1932 12 During the Spanish Civil War Hayes was outspoken in his support for the fascist nationalist forces of General Franco claiming that Loyalists are controlled by radicals and communists 13 14 Hayes had a summer house in the Catskill Mountains near St Joseph s camp maintained by the Amityville Dominican nuns he once encountered a group of Klansmen there 4 Death and legacy EditIn September 1938 Hayes died from a heart attack caused by coronary thrombosis in Monticello New York at age 70 15 Hayes lay in state at St Patrick s Cathedral and a Requiem Mass was celebrated on 9 September 1938 He was interred in the crypt of the Cathedral following the Mass citation needed Cardinal Hayes High School in The Bronx is named after him Images Edit Hayes as the Archdiocesan Chancellor and President of Cathedral College Cardinal Hayes on the September 30 1935 cover of TimeSee also Edit Wikisource has original works by or about Patrick Joseph Hayes Catholicism portalCatholic Church hierarchy Catholic Church in the United States Historical list of the Catholic bishops of the United States Insignia of Chaplain Schools in the US Military International Military Chiefs of Chaplains Conference List of Catholic bishops of the United States List of Catholic bishops of the United States military service Lists of patriarchs archbishops and bishops Military chaplain Religious symbolism in the United States military United States military chaplainsReferences Edit a b c d Miranda Salvador Hayes Joseph The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church a b Roman Senator Time Magazine March 16 1931 Archived from the original on April 6 2008 a b c d e f g h i j Hayes Patrick Joseph Dictionary of American Biography Archived from the original on July 10 2011 Retrieved March 23 2009 a b c d e Catholics in Cleveland Time Magazine September 30 1935 Archived from the original on November 2 2012 a b c d Patrick Joseph Cardinal Hayes Catholic Hierarchy org Hayes Patrick November 14 1921 Christmas Pastoral Letter of Archbishop Hayes Catholic Family News Archived from the original on July 20 2011 Retrieved January 17 2009 Birth Control s 21st Time Magazine February 18 1935 Archived from the original on December 22 2011 Sanger Censorship and the Catholic Church The Latest Battle in a Long War 6 Winter 1993 4 Margaret Sanger Papers Project Archived from the original on October 11 2012 Retrieved October 27 2015 Two Americans Time Magazine March 17 1924 Archived from the original on November 21 2010 Priest in Politics Time Magazine December 11 1933 Archived from the original on February 15 2009 Official Report of the Proceedings of the Democratic National Convention published by the Democratic National Committee 1924 Morris Charles R May 12 2000 Politicians of the Cloth The New York Times McGreevy John T September 17 2004 Catholicism and American Freedom A History W W Norton amp Company ISBN 978 0 393 32608 6 Hemingway and the Fascist Salute Watchtower ONLINE LIBRARY wol jw org Retrieved February 10 2022 Death of Hayes Time Magazine September 12 1938 Archived from the original on August 26 2010 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Patrick Joseph Hayes Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York official website Archdiocese for the Military Services USA official website Archdiocese for the Military Services of the United States GCatholic org Retrieved 2010 08 20 Catholic Church titlesPreceded by Apostolic Vicar for the Military Services1917 1938 Succeeded byFrancis SpellmanPreceded byJohn Murphy Farley Archbishop of New York1919 1938 Succeeded byFrancis SpellmanPreceded by Auxiliary Bishop of New York1914 1919 Succeeded by Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Patrick Joseph Hayes amp oldid 1097433879, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
