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Curate

January 15, 2023

Not to be confused with Curator.

A curate (/ˈkjʊərɪt/) is a person who is invested with the care or cure (cura) of souls of a parish. In this sense, "curate" means a parish priest; but in English-speaking countries the term curate is commonly used to describe clergy who are assistants to the parish priest. The duties or office of a curate are called a curacy.

John Vianney, the Curé d'Ars

Etymology and other terms

The term is derived from the Latin curatus (compare Curator).

In other languages, derivations from curatus may be used differently. In French, the curé is the chief priest (assisted by a vicaire) of a parish,[1] as is the Italian curato, the Spanish cura, and the Filipino term kura paróko (which almost always refers to the parish priest), which is derived from Spanish.

Catholic Church

In the Catholic Church, the English word "curate" is used for a priest assigned to a parish in a position subordinate to that of the parish priest. The parish priest (or often, in the United States, the "pastor" or "minister") is the priest who has canonical responsibility for the parish. He may be assisted by one or more other priests, referred to as curates, assistant priests,[2] parochial vicars,[3] or (in America) "associate/assistant pastors".

Anglican Communion

 
Edgar Sheppard, then Curate at Marlow and Hornsey

In the Church of England today, "curate" refers to priests (or, in the first year, transitional deacons) who are in their first post after ordination (usually for four years), and are completing their training (not unlike an apprenticeship). The technical term "curate", as found in the 1662 Book of Common Prayer, meant the incumbent of a benefice, that is the person licensed by the diocesan bishop to the "cure of souls", who, depending on how the benefice income was raised and distributed, was a rector, a vicar, or a perpetual curate.[4] A vicar arises when a rectory was sold to lay rectors, which would often be a monastic house (such as abbey) or university college; a perpetual curacy where another priest or senior cleric has long-term control of the parish finances, granting an agreed stipend and general powers to the curate, albeit of theoretically of the same job security, below.

Although the expression "curate-in-charge" was mainly used of an informal arrangement whereby an incumbent gave most responsibility for one of the parish churches to an assistant, in law it denoted a cleric licensed by the bishop to exercise some or all of the cure of souls when the incumbent had failed to make adequate provision for them or was subject to disciplinary measures.[5] Once in possession of their benefices, rectors and vicars enjoyed a somewhat locally varied array of rights, absolutely, a home in which to live without charge, and generally a generous income from the parish especially in the era of tithes, yet could be removed after due legal process and for a restricted number of reasons.[6]

Perpetual curates were placed on a similar footing in 1838 and were commonly styled "vicars", and this practice was legally recognised in 1868.[7] Clergy (both transitional deacons and priests) who assist the "curate" were, and are, properly called assistant curates, but are often referred to as "the curate".

A house provided for an assistant curate is sometimes colloquially called a "curatage". Assistant curates are also licensed by the bishop, but only at the request of the "curate", who had the right of dismissal subject to certain conditions.[8] Although it is customary for a priest to serve as a curate in one or more parishes before becoming an incumbent, it is by no means unknown for priests who have previously been beneficed or consecrated bishop to return to a curacy (as assistant curate), sometimes as a matter of choice. For example, Geoffrey Francis Fisher served as Curate of Trent near Sherborne after retiring as Archbishop of Canterbury in 1961.[9]

With the 1968 Pastoral Measure and subsequent legislation, the Church of England has undergone a major process of reform which still continues today, and much of above no longer holds good. Ministers in the Church of England whose main income comes from sources other than their work as clergy may be termed "self supporting ministers" or "curate (SSM)".[10]

Terms like "rector" and "curate" were carried overseas with the spread of Anglicanism, but their exact meaning depends on local conditions and regulations. In the Church of Ireland some curates are styled "bishop's curates" as they are accountable directly to the diocesan bishop, while sometimes mentored by local parish clergy, and are perceived to have more autonomy than other assistant curates.[citation needed]

In Anglican parishes with a charismatic or evangelical (low church) tradition, the roles of curates are usually seen as being an assistant leader to the overall leader, often in a larger team of pastoral leaders. Many of the larger charismatic and evangelical parishes have larger ministry teams with a number of pastoral leaders, some ordained and others who are not.[citation needed]

In the Episcopal Church of the United States, the curacy may be a temporary place to continue training after ordination, similar to an internship,[11] or it may be a permanent, subordinant position, more akin to a perpetual curate.

Training

In the Church of England, the ongoing training of assistant curates is typically overseen by officers of the bishops called Initial Ministerial Education (IME) or Continuing Ministerial Development (CMD) Advisers.

History

Originally a bishop would entrust a priest with the "cure of souls" (pastoral ministry) of a parish. When, in medieval Europe, this included the legal freehold of church land in the parish, the parish priest was a "perpetual curate" (curatus perpetuus), an assistant would be a (plain) curate (curatus temporalis).

The words perpetuus and temporalis distinguish their appointments but not the length of service, the apparent reference to time is accidental. A curate is appointed by the parish priest and paid from parish funds. A perpetual curate is a priest in charge of a parish who was (usually) appointed and paid by the bishop.

As the church became more embedded into the fabric of feudal Europe, various other titles often supplanted "curate" for the parish priest. "Rector" was the title given to a priest in possession of the tithe income. This right to the income was known as a "living". The title of rector comes from regere—"to rule".

Those parishes where a monastery had appropriated the rights to the tithe income, a portion of this income was set aside for a priest to occupy the parish, essentially acting on behalf of the monastery, in other words vicariously – hence "vicar". In some cases, a portion of a tithe for a vicar could exceed the income of some rectors, depending on the value of the livings being compared.

Minor canons

Minor canons are those clergy who are members of a cathedral's establishment and take part in the daily services but are not part of the formal chapter. These are generally clergy who are nearer to the beginning than the end of their ministries, who have already served their curacy (title post) in a parish church. They are often selected for their singing and liturgical ability.

See also

Notes and references

  1. ^ "Curate". Catholic Encyclopedia.
  2. ^ "canon 545". Intratext. Code of Canon Law.
  3. ^ . Vatican. Code of Canon Law. Archived from the original on January 27, 2013.
  4. ^ Cross & Livingstone. Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (1974), articles "Curate", "Incumbent" & "Perpetual Curate"
  5. ^ Neep & Edinger. A Handbook of Church Law for the Clergy A.R. Mowbray & C° (1928), p.25
  6. ^ Neep & Edinger. A Handbook of Church Law for the Clergy A.R. Mowbray & C° (1928), p.7 and following
  7. ^ Cross & Livingstone. Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (1974), art. "Perpetual Curate"
  8. ^ Neep & Edinger. A Handbook of Church Law for the Clergy A.R. Mowbray & C° (1928), p.24.
  9. ^ Carpenter, E., Archbishop Fisher, His Life and Times, London, Canterbury Press, 2012
  10. ^ (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 July 2011. Retrieved 10 September 2018.
  11. ^ See, Paul Moore, Jr., Presences: A Bishop's Life in the City (1999).

Further reading

  • Hart, A. Tindal (1970) The Curate's Lot: the story of the unbeneficed English clergy. London: J. Baker
  • Lewis, Robert Michael (2016) Curacy Express: A Training Resource for New Clergy. Eugene, OR: Wipf and Stock

January 15, 2023
curate, confused, with, curator, curate, ʊər, person, invested, with, care, cure, cura, souls, parish, this, sense, curate, means, parish, priest, english, speaking, countries, term, curate, commonly, used, describe, clergy, assistants, parish, priest, duties,. Not to be confused with Curator A curate ˈ k j ʊer ɪ t is a person who is invested with the care or cure cura of souls of a parish In this sense curate means a parish priest but in English speaking countries the term curate is commonly used to describe clergy who are assistants to the parish priest The duties or office of a curate are called a curacy John Vianney the Cure d Ars Contents 1 Etymology and other terms 2 Catholic Church 3 Anglican Communion 3 1 Training 4 History 5 Minor canons 6 See also 7 Notes and references 8 Further readingEtymology and other terms EditThe term is derived from the Latin curatus compare Curator In other languages derivations from curatus may be used differently In French the cure is the chief priest assisted by a vicaire of a parish 1 as is the Italian curato the Spanish cura and the Filipino term kura paroko which almost always refers to the parish priest which is derived from Spanish Catholic Church EditIn the Catholic Church the English word curate is used for a priest assigned to a parish in a position subordinate to that of the parish priest The parish priest or often in the United States the pastor or minister is the priest who has canonical responsibility for the parish He may be assisted by one or more other priests referred to as curates assistant priests 2 parochial vicars 3 or in America associate assistant pastors Anglican Communion Edit Edgar Sheppard then Curate at Marlow and HornseyIn the Church of England today curate refers to priests or in the first year transitional deacons who are in their first post after ordination usually for four years and are completing their training not unlike an apprenticeship The technical term curate as found in the 1662 Book of Common Prayer meant the incumbent of a benefice that is the person licensed by the diocesan bishop to the cure of souls who depending on how the benefice income was raised and distributed was a rector a vicar or a perpetual curate 4 A vicar arises when a rectory was sold to lay rectors which would often be a monastic house such as abbey or university college a perpetual curacy where another priest or senior cleric has long term control of the parish finances granting an agreed stipend and general powers to the curate albeit of theoretically of the same job security below Although the expression curate in charge was mainly used of an informal arrangement whereby an incumbent gave most responsibility for one of the parish churches to an assistant in law it denoted a cleric licensed by the bishop to exercise some or all of the cure of souls when the incumbent had failed to make adequate provision for them or was subject to disciplinary measures 5 Once in possession of their benefices rectors and vicars enjoyed a somewhat locally varied array of rights absolutely a home in which to live without charge and generally a generous income from the parish especially in the era of tithes yet could be removed after due legal process and for a restricted number of reasons 6 Perpetual curates were placed on a similar footing in 1838 and were commonly styled vicars and this practice was legally recognised in 1868 7 Clergy both transitional deacons and priests who assist the curate were and are properly called assistant curates but are often referred to as the curate A house provided for an assistant curate is sometimes colloquially called a curatage Assistant curates are also licensed by the bishop but only at the request of the curate who had the right of dismissal subject to certain conditions 8 Although it is customary for a priest to serve as a curate in one or more parishes before becoming an incumbent it is by no means unknown for priests who have previously been beneficed or consecrated bishop to return to a curacy as assistant curate sometimes as a matter of choice For example Geoffrey Francis Fisher served as Curate of Trent near Sherborne after retiring as Archbishop of Canterbury in 1961 9 With the 1968 Pastoral Measure and subsequent legislation the Church of England has undergone a major process of reform which still continues today and much of above no longer holds good Ministers in the Church of England whose main income comes from sources other than their work as clergy may be termed self supporting ministers or curate SSM 10 Terms like rector and curate were carried overseas with the spread of Anglicanism but their exact meaning depends on local conditions and regulations In the Church of Ireland some curates are styled bishop s curates as they are accountable directly to the diocesan bishop while sometimes mentored by local parish clergy and are perceived to have more autonomy than other assistant curates citation needed In Anglican parishes with a charismatic or evangelical low church tradition the roles of curates are usually seen as being an assistant leader to the overall leader often in a larger team of pastoral leaders Many of the larger charismatic and evangelical parishes have larger ministry teams with a number of pastoral leaders some ordained and others who are not citation needed In the Episcopal Church of the United States the curacy may be a temporary place to continue training after ordination similar to an internship 11 or it may be a permanent subordinant position more akin to a perpetual curate Training Edit In the Church of England the ongoing training of assistant curates is typically overseen by officers of the bishops called Initial Ministerial Education IME or Continuing Ministerial Development CMD Advisers History EditOriginally a bishop would entrust a priest with the cure of souls pastoral ministry of a parish When in medieval Europe this included the legal freehold of church land in the parish the parish priest was a perpetual curate curatus perpetuus an assistant would be a plain curate curatus temporalis The words perpetuus and temporalis distinguish their appointments but not the length of service the apparent reference to time is accidental A curate is appointed by the parish priest and paid from parish funds A perpetual curate is a priest in charge of a parish who was usually appointed and paid by the bishop As the church became more embedded into the fabric of feudal Europe various other titles often supplanted curate for the parish priest Rector was the title given to a priest in possession of the tithe income This right to the income was known as a living The title of rector comes from regere to rule Those parishes where a monastery had appropriated the rights to the tithe income a portion of this income was set aside for a priest to occupy the parish essentially acting on behalf of the monastery in other words vicariously hence vicar In some cases a portion of a tithe for a vicar could exceed the income of some rectors depending on the value of the livings being compared Minor canons EditMinor canons are those clergy who are members of a cathedral s establishment and take part in the daily services but are not part of the formal chapter These are generally clergy who are nearer to the beginning than the end of their ministries who have already served their curacy title post in a parish church They are often selected for their singing and liturgical ability See also Edit Christianity portal Catholicism portalCurate s egg Roman CuriaNotes and references Edit Curate Catholic Encyclopedia canon 545 Intratext Code of Canon Law canon 545 Vatican Code of Canon Law Archived from the original on January 27 2013 Cross amp Livingstone Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church 1974 articles Curate Incumbent amp Perpetual Curate Neep amp Edinger A Handbook of Church Law for the Clergy A R Mowbray amp C 1928 p 25 Neep amp Edinger A Handbook of Church Law for the Clergy A R Mowbray amp C 1928 p 7 and following Cross amp Livingstone Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church 1974 art Perpetual Curate Neep amp Edinger A Handbook of Church Law for the Clergy A R Mowbray amp C 1928 p 24 Carpenter E Archbishop Fisher His Life and Times London Canterbury Press 2012 Diocese of Bristol Self Supporting Ministry PDF Archived from the original PDF on 17 July 2011 Retrieved 10 September 2018 See Paul Moore Jr Presences A Bishop s Life in the City 1999 Further reading EditHart A Tindal 1970 The Curate s Lot the story of the unbeneficed English clergy London J Baker Lewis Robert Michael 2016 Curacy Express A Training Resource for New Clergy Eugene OR Wipf and Stock Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Curate amp oldid 1127430008, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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