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Monsignor

Monsignor (/mɒnˈsnjər/; Italian: monsignore [monsiɲˈɲoːre]) is an honorific form of address or title for certain male clergy members, usually members of the Roman Catholic Church. Monsignor is the apocopic form of the Italian monsignore, meaning "my lord". "Monsignor" can be abbreviated as Mons[1][2][3][4] or Msgr.[a][b] In some countries, the title "monsignor" is used as a form of address for bishops. However, in English-speaking countries, the title is dropped when a priest is appointed as bishop.[1][2][3][4]

Portrait of Monsignor James F. Loughlin. Ecclesiastical dress of a monsignor is similar with bishops

The title "monsignor" is a form of address, not an appointment (such as a bishop or cardinal). A priest cannot be "made a monsignor" or become "the monsignor of a parish". The title "Monsignor" is normally used by clergy who have received one of the three classes of papal honors:

The pope bestows these papal honors upon clergy who:

  • Have rendered a valuable service to the church
  • Provide some special function in church governance
  • Are members of bodies such as certain chapters

Clerics working in the Roman Curia and the Vatican diplomatic service are eligible for all three honors. Priests working in a diocese are only eligible for the "chaplain of his holiness" honor. Priests must be nominated by their bishop and must be at least 65 years old.

Current honor rules

Current honor classes

Pope Paul VI, in his 1968 publication motu proprio Pontificalis Domus, reduced the number of papal honors from 14 to three. The protonotary apostolic class was divided into two subsections. The classes of chamberlains and chaplains were abolished, leaving only a single class of "chaplains of his holiness".[10] The three papal honor classes are:

Current honor eligibility

In March 2013, Pope Francis suspended the granting of papal honors, with the title of monsignor, to all clergy except members of the Vatican diplomatic service.[11][12]

At the October 2013 meeting of the Council of Cardinal Advisers, Pope Francis stated his desire to scale back the honors as part of a broader effort to project a more modest and pastoral vision of leadership. As archbishop of Buenos Aires, Pope Francis never requested papal honors for his priests, associating the honors with clerical "careerism".

In December 2013, Pope Francis decreed that diocesan priests could only receive "chaplain of his holiness", the lowest of the three papal honors. He also set a minimum age required of 65. Existing honors were not affected.[13][14][15] Pope Francis decided to continue papal honors from all three classes for two groups of clergy:

  • Officials of the Roman Curia
  • Members of the diplomatic service.[16][17]

Current forms of address

These are the current forms of address for a monsignor:

  • The written form is Monsignor (first name) (last name) or The Reverend Monsignor (first name) (last name). For example, "Monsignor Bob Smith" or "The Reverend Monsignor Bob Smith".
  • The spoken form is Monsignor (last name).[18] For example, "Monsignor Smith".

In English speaking countries, bishops and archbishops are not called "monsignor." However, in 1969 the Vatican Secretariat of State indicated that bishops may be addressed as "monsignor." In some countries, the titles "Monsignore", "Monseigneur", "Monsenyor", and "Monseñor" are used for bishops, archbishops and any other prelates below the rank of cardinal or patriarch.

The 1969 instruction also indicated that for bishops "Reverendissimus" (translated as "most reverend") could be added to the word "monsignor". For example, the "Most Reverend Monsignor John Doe". This instruction also applied to:

Current ecclesiastical dress

In 1979, the Vatican simplified the dress of monsignors:

Chaplains of his holiness

Purple-trimmed black cassocks with purple sashes, good for all occasions.

Honorary prelates

Red-trimmed black cassocks with purple sashes, good for all occasions. Purple cassocks as choir dress for liturgical events of special solemnity.

Supernumerary protonotaries apostolics

Red-trimmed black cassocks with purple sashes. Purple cassocks as choir dress. Can also wear the purple ferraiuolo, a silk cape. The ferraiuolo is for non-liturgical events, such as graduation and commencement ceremonies.

Protonotaries apostolics de numero

Red-trimmed black cassocks with purple sashes and the purple ferraiuolo. Purple cassocks as choir dress. They can wear the mantelletta in choir dress with a black biretta with a red tuft.

Previous honor rules

Previous honor classes

The Catholic church originally maintained 14 classes of papal honors. A priest with the title of "privy chamberlain" would lose the title when the pope who granted it died. When the pope abolished the privy chamberlain class in 1968, the rule was abolished also.[10][citation needed][13][14][15] These 14 previous classes included:

The 14 honor categories were reduced to three categories in 1969.

Previous age requirements

Under Pope Paul VI, the Secretariat of State set minimum qualifications of age and priesthood for the three papal honor classes:

  • Chaplains of his holiness – minimum age 35 and 10 years as priest
  • Honorary prelates – minimum age 45 and 15 years as priest
  • Protonotaries apostolic supernumerary – minimum age 55 and 20 years as priest

The Secretariat waived the minimum age limit for vicars general proposed for appointment as honorary prelates. The reasoning was that as long as a priest holds the office of vicar general, he is also protonotary apostolic supernumerary. A vicar general could not be named chaplain of his holiness. All these criteria were superseded in 2013.[13]

Previous forms of address

  • Priests with the title "Chaplain of His Holiness" were formerly addressed in English as "The Very Reverend Monsignor".
  • Priests with the titles "Protonotary Apostolic" or honorary prelate were addressed as "The Right Reverend Monsignor".

These forms were changed in 1969.

Other monsignors

Under the legislation of Pope Pius X, vicars general and vicars capitular (now called diocesan administrators) are titular (not actual) Protonotaries durante munere. As long as these priests hold the office, they can have the title "monsignor".[17] Vicar generals and diocesan administrators were allowed to wear:

  • A black, silk-fringed sash (fascia),
  • Black piping on the biretta with a black tuft[21]
  • A black mantelletta

As a result of this they were in some countries referred to as "black protonotaries".[22][page needed] However, Pontificalis domus of Paul VI removed this position (titular protonotaries) from the Papal Household, even though the title of "monsignor", which is to be distinguished from a prelatial rank, has not been withdrawn from vicars general, as can be seen, for instance, from the placing of the abbreviated title "Mons." before the name of every member of the secular (diocesan) clergy listed as a vicar general in the Annuario Pontificio.[citation needed]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Especially in the United States e.g. Roman Catholic Diocese of Dallas,[5] Diocese of Miami,[6] Diocese of Tyler.[7]
  2. ^ E.g. Diocese of Derry,[8] Parish of Zejtun, Malta.[9] This is the regular abbreviation in Italian.

References

  1. ^ a b The New York Times, 15 February 1918.
  2. ^ a b "The Rt Rev Mgr Graham Leonard", The Telegraph (obituary), UK.
  3. ^ a b Deceased clergy, Australian Catholic Directory.
  4. ^ a b , UK: Romanist catholic Diocese of Paisley, archived from the original on September 5, 2009
  5. ^ , archived from the original on December 17, 2014
  6. ^ (PDF), Miami Archdiocese, 2009-03-09, archived from the original (PDF) on October 11, 2010
  7. ^ , Diocese of Tyler, archived from the original on September 1, 2009
  8. ^ , Derry diocese, archived from the original on November 24, 2009
  9. ^ , Malta, archived from the original on 2009-12-12.
  10. ^ a b c d Annuario Pontificio 2012, p. 1853
  11. ^ (PDF), Fine settimana, 12 September 2013, archived from the original (PDF) on 6 January 2014.
  12. ^ , The Tablet, Rorate Cæli, Sep 2013, archived from the original on January 8, 2014
  13. ^ a b c O'Connell, Gerard (4 January 2014). "Pope abolishes honorary title of monsignor for diocesan priests under the age of 65". Vatican Insider. Retrieved 4 January 2014.
  14. ^ a b Rocca, Francis X. (January 6, 2014), "Pope limits 'monsignor' honor for diocesan priests", Catholic News Service, archived from the original on 2014-01-07
  15. ^ a b "Pope Francis reforms ecclesiastical honours", Vatican Radio, 7 January 2014.
  16. ^ Annuario Pontificio, Vaticana, 2013, pp. 1846–48, ISBN 978-88-209-9070-1.
  17. ^ a b Pope Pius X (21 February 1905), Inter multiplices curas, 62, Pariter, qui vicarii generalis aut etiam capitularis munere fungitur, hoc munere dumtaxat perdurante, erit protonotarius titularis.
  18. ^ Secretary of State 2000: “26. For Supernumerary Apostolic Protonotaries, Prelates of Honour and Chaplains of His Holiness there may be used the title 'Monsignor', preceded, where appropriate, by 'Reverend'”.
  19. ^ Secretary of State 2000, 23–25.
  20. ^ Galles 1999.
  21. ^ "Super habitu quotidiano, occasione solemnis conventus, audientiae et similium... zonam tantum sericam nigram, cum laciniis item nigris, gestare poterunt, cum pileo chordula ac floccis nigris ornato" (Inter multiplices curas, 67).
  22. ^ Noonan 1996.

Bibliography

  • Baumgarten, Paul Maria (1913). "Monsignor" . In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
  • Boudinhon, A. (1913). "Monseigneur" . In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
  • Galles, Duane LCM (March 19, 1999), Chaplains of His Holiness, St. Joseph Foundation, archived from the original on June 1, 2012, retrieved 2006-09-01
  • Heim, Bruno Bernard (1978). Heraldry in the Catholic Church. Humanities Press. ISBN 0-391-00873-0.
  • Kirsch, J.P. (1913). "Prothonotary Apostolic" . In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
  • Secretary of State, Cardinal (2000) [28 March 1969], Miranda, Salvador (ed.), "Instruction on the dress, titles and coat-of-arms of cardinals, bishops and lesser prelates", L'Osservatore Romano, The Vatican, vol. II, p. 4, retrieved 2006-09-01 Latin text of the Instruction, with an unofficial English translation.
  • Noonan, James-Charles jr (1996), The Church Visible: The Ceremonial Life and Protocol of the Roman Catholic Church, Viking, pp. 315–16, ISBN 0-670-86745-4
  • Montini, Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria (28 March 1968), Pontificalis domus [On the Papal Household, Reform of the Use of Pontifical Insignia, Simplification of Pontifical Rites and Insignia] (in Latin), Washington, D.C.: United States Catholic Conference, Italian
  • ——— (21 June 1968), Pontificalis insignia [Pontifical insignia] (in Latin), Rome, IT: The Vatican, Italian

monsignor, redirects, here, 1982, film, film, french, equivalent, monseigneur, italian, monsignore, monsiɲˈɲoːre, honorific, form, address, title, certain, male, clergy, members, usually, members, roman, catholic, church, apocopic, form, italian, monsignore, m. Mgr redirects here For the 1982 film see Monsignor film For the French equivalent see Monseigneur Monsignor m ɒ n ˈ s iː n j er Italian monsignore monsiɲˈɲoːre is an honorific form of address or title for certain male clergy members usually members of the Roman Catholic Church Monsignor is the apocopic form of the Italian monsignore meaning my lord Monsignor can be abbreviated as Mons 1 2 3 4 or Msgr a b In some countries the title monsignor is used as a form of address for bishops However in English speaking countries the title is dropped when a priest is appointed as bishop 1 2 3 4 Portrait of Monsignor James F Loughlin Ecclesiastical dress of a monsignor is similar with bishops The title monsignor is a form of address not an appointment such as a bishop or cardinal A priest cannot be made a monsignor or become the monsignor of a parish The title Monsignor is normally used by clergy who have received one of the three classes of papal honors Protonotary apostolic the highest honored class Honorary prelate Chaplain of his holiness the lowest honored class The pope bestows these papal honors upon clergy who Have rendered a valuable service to the church Provide some special function in church governance Are members of bodies such as certain chaptersClerics working in the Roman Curia and the Vatican diplomatic service are eligible for all three honors Priests working in a diocese are only eligible for the chaplain of his holiness honor Priests must be nominated by their bishop and must be at least 65 years old Contents 1 Current honor rules 1 1 Current honor classes 1 2 Current honor eligibility 1 3 Current forms of address 1 4 Current ecclesiastical dress 1 4 1 Chaplains of his holiness 1 4 2 Honorary prelates 1 4 3 Supernumerary protonotaries apostolics 1 4 4 Protonotaries apostolics de numero 2 Previous honor rules 2 1 Previous honor classes 2 2 Previous age requirements 2 3 Previous forms of address 3 Other monsignors 4 See also 5 Notes 6 References 7 BibliographyCurrent honor rules EditCurrent honor classes Edit Pope Paul VI in his 1968 publication motu proprio Pontificalis Domus reduced the number of papal honors from 14 to three The protonotary apostolic class was divided into two subsections The classes of chamberlains and chaplains were abolished leaving only a single class of chaplains of his holiness 10 The three papal honor classes are Protonotary apostolic two subclasses De numero the higher and less common form Supernumerary the highest grade of monsignor found outside the Vatican Prelate of Honour of His Holiness formerly the domestic prelate 10 Chaplain of His Holiness formerly the supernumerary privy chamberlain 10 Current honor eligibility Edit In March 2013 Pope Francis suspended the granting of papal honors with the title of monsignor to all clergy except members of the Vatican diplomatic service 11 12 At the October 2013 meeting of the Council of Cardinal Advisers Pope Francis stated his desire to scale back the honors as part of a broader effort to project a more modest and pastoral vision of leadership As archbishop of Buenos Aires Pope Francis never requested papal honors for his priests associating the honors with clerical careerism In December 2013 Pope Francis decreed that diocesan priests could only receive chaplain of his holiness the lowest of the three papal honors He also set a minimum age required of 65 Existing honors were not affected 13 14 15 Pope Francis decided to continue papal honors from all three classes for two groups of clergy Officials of the Roman Curia Members of the diplomatic service 16 17 Current forms of address Edit This section needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources in this section Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Monsignor news newspapers books scholar JSTOR July 2021 Learn how and when to remove this template message These are the current forms of address for a monsignor The written form is Monsignor first name last name or The Reverend Monsignor first name last name For example Monsignor Bob Smith or The Reverend Monsignor Bob Smith The spoken form is Monsignor last name 18 For example Monsignor Smith In English speaking countries bishops and archbishops are not called monsignor However in 1969 the Vatican Secretariat of State indicated that bishops may be addressed as monsignor In some countries the titles Monsignore Monseigneur Monsenyor and Monsenor are used for bishops archbishops and any other prelates below the rank of cardinal or patriarch The 1969 instruction also indicated that for bishops Reverendissimus translated as most reverend could be added to the word monsignor For example the Most Reverend Monsignor John Doe This instruction also applied to Prelates without episcopal rank who head offices of the Roman Curia Judges of the Rota The promotor general of justice and the defender of the bond of the Apostolic Signatura Protonotaries apostolic de numero The four clerics of the camera 19 Current ecclesiastical dress Edit This section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed July 2021 Learn how and when to remove this template message In 1979 the Vatican simplified the dress of monsignors Chaplains of his holiness Edit Purple trimmed black cassocks with purple sashes good for all occasions Honorary prelates Edit Red trimmed black cassocks with purple sashes good for all occasions Purple cassocks as choir dress for liturgical events of special solemnity Supernumerary protonotaries apostolics Edit Red trimmed black cassocks with purple sashes Purple cassocks as choir dress Can also wear the purple ferraiuolo a silk cape The ferraiuolo is for non liturgical events such as graduation and commencement ceremonies Protonotaries apostolics de numero Edit Red trimmed black cassocks with purple sashes and the purple ferraiuolo Purple cassocks as choir dress They can wear the mantelletta in choir dress with a black biretta with a red tuft Previous honor rules EditPrevious honor classes Edit The Catholic church originally maintained 14 classes of papal honors A priest with the title of privy chamberlain would lose the title when the pope who granted it died When the pope abolished the privy chamberlain class in 1968 the rule was abolished also 10 citation needed 13 14 15 These 14 previous classes included Domestic prelates Four kinds of protonotaries apostolic Four kinds of papal chamberlains and at least Five types of papal chaplains 20 The 14 honor categories were reduced to three categories in 1969 Previous age requirements Edit Under Pope Paul VI the Secretariat of State set minimum qualifications of age and priesthood for the three papal honor classes Chaplains of his holiness minimum age 35 and 10 years as priest Honorary prelates minimum age 45 and 15 years as priest Protonotaries apostolic supernumerary minimum age 55 and 20 years as priestThe Secretariat waived the minimum age limit for vicars general proposed for appointment as honorary prelates The reasoning was that as long as a priest holds the office of vicar general he is also protonotary apostolic supernumerary A vicar general could not be named chaplain of his holiness All these criteria were superseded in 2013 13 Previous forms of address Edit Priests with the title Chaplain of His Holiness were formerly addressed in English as The Very Reverend Monsignor Priests with the titles Protonotary Apostolic or honorary prelate were addressed as The Right Reverend Monsignor These forms were changed in 1969 Generic coat of arms of a protonotary apostolic amaranth galero with 12 scarlet tassels Generic coat of arms of an honorary prelate amaranth galero with 12 violet tassels Generic coat of arms of a chaplain of his holiness black galero with 12 violet tasselsOther monsignors EditUnder the legislation of Pope Pius X vicars general and vicars capitular now called diocesan administrators are titular not actual Protonotaries durante munere As long as these priests hold the office they can have the title monsignor 17 Vicar generals and diocesan administrators were allowed to wear A black silk fringed sash fascia Black piping on the biretta with a black tuft 21 A black mantellettaAs a result of this they were in some countries referred to as black protonotaries 22 page needed However Pontificalis domus of Paul VI removed this position titular protonotaries from the Papal Household even though the title of monsignor which is to be distinguished from a prelatial rank has not been withdrawn from vicars general as can be seen for instance from the placing of the abbreviated title Mons before the name of every member of the secular diocesan clergy listed as a vicar general in the Annuario Pontificio citation needed See also EditArchpriest Catholic Church hierarchy Milord MonsieurNotes Edit Especially in the United States e g Roman Catholic Diocese of Dallas 5 Diocese of Miami 6 Diocese of Tyler 7 E g Diocese of Derry 8 Parish of Zejtun Malta 9 This is the regular abbreviation in Italian References Edit a b The New York Times 15 February 1918 a b The Rt Rev Mgr Graham Leonard The Telegraph obituary UK a b Deceased clergy Australian Catholic Directory a b Clergy within Diocese UK Romanist catholic Diocese of Paisley archived from the original on September 5 2009 Catholic Dallas archived from the original on December 17 2014 Bulletin PDF Miami Archdiocese 2009 03 09 archived from the original PDF on October 11 2010 Office directory Diocese of Tyler archived from the original on September 1 2009 Contacts Derry diocese archived from the original on November 24 2009 Zejtun parish Malta archived from the original on 2009 12 12 a b c d Annuario Pontificio 2012 p 1853 Il Messaggero PDF Fine settimana 12 September 2013 archived from the original PDF on 6 January 2014 Pope scales back honorifics The Tablet Rorate Caeli Sep 2013 archived from the original on January 8 2014 a b c O Connell Gerard 4 January 2014 Pope abolishes honorary title of monsignor for diocesan priests under the age of 65 Vatican Insider Retrieved 4 January 2014 a b Rocca Francis X January 6 2014 Pope limits monsignor honor for diocesan priests Catholic News Service archived from the original on 2014 01 07 a b Pope Francis reforms ecclesiastical honours Vatican Radio 7 January 2014 Annuario Pontificio Vaticana 2013 pp 1846 48 ISBN 978 88 209 9070 1 a b Pope Pius X 21 February 1905 Inter multiplices curas 62 Pariter qui vicarii generalis aut etiam capitularis munere fungitur hoc munere dumtaxat perdurante erit protonotarius titularis Secretary of State 2000 26 For Supernumerary Apostolic Protonotaries Prelates of Honour and Chaplains of His Holiness there may be used the title Monsignor preceded where appropriate by Reverend Secretary of State 2000 23 25 Galles 1999 Super habitu quotidiano occasione solemnis conventus audientiae et similium zonam tantum sericam nigram cum laciniis item nigris gestare poterunt cum pileo chordula ac floccis nigris ornato Inter multiplices curas 67 Noonan 1996 Bibliography EditBaumgarten Paul Maria 1913 Monsignor In Herbermann Charles ed Catholic Encyclopedia New York Robert Appleton Company Boudinhon A 1913 Monseigneur In Herbermann Charles ed Catholic Encyclopedia New York Robert Appleton Company Galles Duane LCM March 19 1999 Chaplains of His Holiness St Joseph Foundation archived from the original on June 1 2012 retrieved 2006 09 01 Heim Bruno Bernard 1978 Heraldry in the Catholic Church Humanities Press ISBN 0 391 00873 0 Kirsch J P 1913 Prothonotary Apostolic In Herbermann Charles ed Catholic Encyclopedia New York Robert Appleton Company Secretary of State Cardinal 2000 28 March 1969 Miranda Salvador ed Instruction on the dress titles and coat of arms of cardinals bishops and lesser prelates L Osservatore Romano The Vatican vol II p 4 retrieved 2006 09 01 Latin text of the Instruction with an unofficial English translation Noonan James Charles jr 1996 The Church Visible The Ceremonial Life and Protocol of the Roman Catholic Church Viking pp 315 16 ISBN 0 670 86745 4 Montini Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria 28 March 1968 Pontificalis domus On the Papal Household Reform of the Use of Pontifical Insignia Simplification of Pontifical Rites and Insignia in Latin Washington D C United States Catholic Conference Italian 21 June 1968 Pontificalis insignia Pontifical insignia in Latin Rome IT The Vatican Italian Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Monsignor amp oldid 1148440340, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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