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Oseledets

January 07, 2023

Oseledets (Ukrainian: оселедець, IPA: [ɔsɛ'lɛdɛt͡sʲ]), hohol in Russian or chub (Ukrainian: чуб, romanized: chub, IPA: [t͡ɕup]) is a traditional Ukrainian style of haircut that features a long lock of hair left on the otherwise completely shaved head, commonly sprouting from the top or the front of an otherwise closely shaven head. Most commonly it is associated with the Ukrainian cossacks, although first mentions of the haircut go back to Sviatoslav I.

1869 illustration of Sviatoslav I, Prince of Kyiv

A Russian name for oseledets, khokhol, is commonly used as an ethnic slur for Ukrainians.[1][2][3]

History

Halfshaven haircuts have been worn by the inhabitants of Ukraine since the early Middle Ages. The Viking rulers of Kyivan Rus imitated the traditional costume and hairstyles of their Slavic subjects.[4] Many of these Russified Vikings joined the Varangian guard of the Roman Empire in Constantinople, and introduced the haircut to their comrades from Denmark. Subsequent generations of Viking colonists spread it to Anglo-Saxon England, and also to France. William the Bastard of Normandy is depicted in the Bayeux Tapestry with a halfshaven haircut.[5]

A closely related haircut was worn by the Wends of early medieval Poland, and later by the Polish nobility from the 12th until the 18th century.

During the 16th and 17th century, the Cossacks of Ukraine would shave their heads, leaving a long central strip which was often braided or tied in a topknot.[6]

The oseledets underwent a revival among romantics and nationalists during the early 20th century. After the Bolshevik revolution and Russian Civil War however, Ukrainian culture was suppressed as part of Stalin's de-Cossackization because many Cossacks from Ukraine had fought in the Tsarist White Army.

After independence, the oseledets made a comeback among modern Ukrainians. It was seen during the Euromaidan protests of 2014, and during the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022.[7]

Ukrainian culture

The Ukrainian name for this type of haircut is oseledets (Ukrainian: оселедець, literally "herring") or chub (Ukrainian: чуб, meaning "crest"). There are several Ukrainian surnames derived from this word. In the Cossacks times, the haircut carried an honorary meaning, identifying one as being a true Cossack.[citation needed] That tradition is depicted in various motion pictures such as Propala Hramota that is based on works of Nikolai Gogol. Historically, Ukrainians used the term khokhol amongst themselves as a form of ethnic self-identification, in order to visibly separate themselves from Russians.[8]

The oseledets/khokhol is a standard feature in the stereotypical image of a Ukrainian Cossack.

Ethnic slur

Russians commonly use the word khokhol (Russian: хохол; plural Russian: хохлы, romanized: khohkly) as an ethnic slur for Ukrainians, as it was a common haircut of Ukrainian Cossacks. The term is usually derogatory or condescending.[9][10] The word comes from Proto-Slavic xoxolъ < *koxolъ, “crest, tuft.”[11]

In addition to calling Ukrainians khokhols, Russians also refer to Ukraine as Khokhliandiia (Russian: Хохляндия, Хохландия) and Khokhlostan (Russian: Хохлостан).[12]

In popular culture

Bibliography

  1. Хохол // Словник української мови : в 11 т. — К. : Наукова думка, 1970–1980.
  2. ↑ (рос.)
  3. ↑ (рос.)
  4. ↑ Хахол // Украдене ім'я: Чому русини стали українцями / Є. П. Наконечний; Передмова Я. Дашкевича. — 3-є, доп. і випр. вид. — Львів, 2001. — 400 с. — ISBN 966-02-1895-8.
  5. ↑ (рос.)Етимологічний словник Фасмера стор.796
  6. ↑ Ставицька Леся. Українська лексика в російському та польському жаргонно-сленговому вокабулярі / Александр Бирих (нім. Alexander Bierich) // Субстандартные варианты славянских языков. — Київ : Peter Lang. Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, 2008. — № 17 (Серпень). — С. 198. — ISSN 0930-7281. — ISBN 978-3-631-57010-4.
  7. ↑ Хохо́л // Етимологічний словник української мови : у 7 т. : т. 6 / редкол.: О. С. Мельничук (гол. ред.) та ін. — К. : Наукова думка, 2012. — Т. 6 : У — Я. — С. 205–206. — ISBN 978-966-00-0197-8.
  • Хохол // Українська мала енциклопедія : 16 кн. : у 8 т. / проф. Є. Онацький. — Накладом Адміністратури УАПЦ в Аргентині. — Буенос-Айрес, 1967. — Т. 8, кн. XVI : Літери Уш — Я. — С. 2017. — 1000 екз.
  • Б. Н. Флоря. О значении термина «Хохол» и производных от него в русских источниках первой половины XVII в. (эпизод из истории русско-польско-украинских контактов) // STUDIA POLONICA. К 60-летию Виктора Александровича Хорева. М.: Институт славяноведения и балканистики РАН, 1992.(рос.)

References

  1. ^ Laitin, David D. (1998). Identity in Formation: The Russian-speaking Populations in the Near Abroad. Cornell University Press. p. 175. ISBN 9780801484957.
  2. ^ "Євген Наконечний. Украдене ім'я. - [22] Хахол". exlibris.org.ua. Retrieved 2022-03-30.
  3. ^ "Стр. 796". vasmer.narod.ru. Retrieved 2022-03-30.
  4. ^ Varangians: In God's Holy Fire, p.172
  5. ^ Bayeux Tapestry online
  6. ^ Thompson, Ewa Majewska (1991). The Search for self-definition in Russian literature. 27. John Benjamins Publishing Company. pp. 22. ISBN 90-272-2213-4.
  7. ^ Foreign policy
  8. ^ Plokhy, Serhii (2008). Ukraine and Russia: Representations of the Past. University of Toronto Press. pp. 139–141. ISBN 978-0-8020-9327-1. Retrieved 1 February 2017. Ethnic identity became the basis for differentiating between 'one's own' from 'foreigners.' Alekseev's use of the terms 'Russians' and 'Ukrainians' - terms of modern national identity - was rooted in concepts characteristic of the revolutionary and postrevolutionary era. His own records, as well as those of other contemporary authors, attest that the names most often used by peasants of the prerevolutionary era with reference to ethnic Ukrainians and Russians were khokhly (referring to Cossack topknots) and katsapy (a derogatory term). These terms, which hardly excluded negative connotations, were used to denote the two ethnic groups faute de mieux: as Rubel's own 'History' attests, Ukrainians used khokhol, inter alia, as a self-definition.
  9. ^ "Інститут мовознавства ім. О.О.Потебні | Словник української мови". www.inmo.org.ua. Retrieved 2022-03-30.
  10. ^ Thompson, Ewa M. (1991). The Search for Self-Definition in Russian Literature. John Benjamins Publishing Company. p. 22. ISBN 978-90-272-7759-6. Retrieved 10 October 2016.
  11. ^ Mel’nychuk, O. S. (1982–2012). Etymolohichnyĭ slovnyk ukraïnsʼkoï movy [Etymological dictionary of the Ukrainian language]. Vol. 6. Kyiv: Naukova Dumka. pp. 205–6. ISBN 978-966-00-0197-8.
  12. ^ Bierich, Alexander (2009). Varietaeten Im Slavischen- Су стандартные варианты славянских языков: Ausgewaehlte Beitraege - Избранные статьи (in Russian). Peter Lang. ISBN 978-3-631-57010-4.
  13. ^ The Last Kingdom

See also

 

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January 07, 2023
oseledets, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, december, 2009, . This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Oseledets news newspapers books scholar JSTOR December 2009 Learn how and when to remove this template message Oseledets Ukrainian oseledec IPA ɔsɛ lɛdɛt sʲ hohol in Russian or chub Ukrainian chub romanized chub IPA t ɕup is a traditional Ukrainian style of haircut that features a long lock of hair left on the otherwise completely shaved head commonly sprouting from the top or the front of an otherwise closely shaven head Most commonly it is associated with the Ukrainian cossacks although first mentions of the haircut go back to Sviatoslav I 1869 illustration of Sviatoslav I Prince of Kyiv A Russian name for oseledets khokhol is commonly used as an ethnic slur for Ukrainians 1 2 3 Contents 1 History 2 Ukrainian culture 3 Ethnic slur 4 In popular culture 5 Bibliography 6 References 7 See alsoHistory Edit The Reply of the Zaporozhian Cossacks to the Sultan of Turkey 1880 91 Painted by Ilya Repin Halfshaven haircuts have been worn by the inhabitants of Ukraine since the early Middle Ages The Viking rulers of Kyivan Rus imitated the traditional costume and hairstyles of their Slavic subjects 4 Many of these Russified Vikings joined the Varangian guard of the Roman Empire in Constantinople and introduced the haircut to their comrades from Denmark Subsequent generations of Viking colonists spread it to Anglo Saxon England and also to France William the Bastard of Normandy is depicted in the Bayeux Tapestry with a halfshaven haircut 5 A closely related haircut was worn by the Wends of early medieval Poland and later by the Polish nobility from the 12th until the 18th century During the 16th and 17th century the Cossacks of Ukraine would shave their heads leaving a long central strip which was often braided or tied in a topknot 6 The oseledets underwent a revival among romantics and nationalists during the early 20th century After the Bolshevik revolution and Russian Civil War however Ukrainian culture was suppressed as part of Stalin s de Cossackization because many Cossacks from Ukraine had fought in the Tsarist White Army After independence the oseledets made a comeback among modern Ukrainians It was seen during the Euromaidan protests of 2014 and during the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022 7 Ukrainian culture EditThe Ukrainian name for this type of haircut is oseledets Ukrainian oseledec literally herring or chub Ukrainian chub meaning crest There are several Ukrainian surnames derived from this word In the Cossacks times the haircut carried an honorary meaning identifying one as being a true Cossack citation needed That tradition is depicted in various motion pictures such as Propala Hramota that is based on works of Nikolai Gogol Historically Ukrainians used the term khokhol amongst themselves as a form of ethnic self identification in order to visibly separate themselves from Russians 8 The oseledets khokhol is a standard feature in the stereotypical image of a Ukrainian Cossack Ethnic slur EditRussians commonly use the word khokhol Russian hohol plural Russian hohly romanized khohkly as an ethnic slur for Ukrainians as it was a common haircut of Ukrainian Cossacks The term is usually derogatory or condescending 9 10 The word comes from Proto Slavic xoxol lt koxol crest tuft 11 In addition to calling Ukrainians khokhols Russians also refer to Ukraine as Khokhliandiia Russian Hohlyandiya Hohlandiya and Khokhlostan Russian Hohlostan 12 In popular culture EditUhtred of Bebbanburg in the TV adaptation of Bernard Cornwell s The Last Kingdom 13 Bibliography EditHohol Slovnik ukrayinskoyi movi v 11 t K Naukova dumka 1970 1980 ros Andrej Mochenov Sergej Nikulin Hohly pindosy chuhoncy i prochie busurmane v Runete i rossijskoj presse 28 iyunya 2006 MCK ros Zayava nacionalno kulturnoyi avtonomiyi ukrayinciv Novosibirsku Hahol Ukradene im ya Chomu rusini stali ukrayincyami Ye P Nakonechnij Peredmova Ya Dashkevicha 3 ye dop i vipr vid Lviv 2001 400 s ISBN 966 02 1895 8 ros Etimologichnij slovnik Fasmera stor 796 Stavicka Lesya Ukrayinska leksika v rosijskomu ta polskomu zhargonno slengovomu vokabulyari Aleksandr Birih nim Alexander Bierich Substandartnye varianty slavyanskih yazykov Kiyiv Peter Lang Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften 2008 17 Serpen S 198 ISSN 0930 7281 ISBN 978 3 631 57010 4 Hoho l Etimologichnij slovnik ukrayinskoyi movi u 7 t t 6 redkol O S Melnichuk gol red ta in K Naukova dumka 2012 T 6 U Ya S 205 206 ISBN 978 966 00 0197 8 Hohol Ukrayinska mala enciklopediya 16 kn u 8 t prof Ye Onackij Nakladom Administraturi UAPC v Argentini Buenos Ajres 1967 T 8 kn XVI Literi Ush Ya S 2017 1000 ekz B N Florya O znachenii termina Hohol i proizvodnyh ot nego v russkih istochnikah pervoj poloviny XVII v epizod iz istorii russko polsko ukrainskih kontaktov STUDIA POLONICA K 60 letiyu Viktora Aleksandrovicha Horeva M Institut slavyanovedeniya i balkanistiki RAN 1992 ros References Edit Laitin David D 1998 Identity in Formation The Russian speaking Populations in the Near Abroad Cornell University Press p 175 ISBN 9780801484957 Yevgen Nakonechnij Ukradene im ya 22 Hahol exlibris org ua Retrieved 2022 03 30 Str 796 vasmer narod ru Retrieved 2022 03 30 Varangians In God s Holy Fire p 172 Bayeux Tapestry online Thompson Ewa Majewska 1991 The Search for self definition in Russian literature 27 John Benjamins Publishing Company pp 22 ISBN 90 272 2213 4 Foreign policy Plokhy Serhii 2008 Ukraine and Russia Representations of the Past University of Toronto Press pp 139 141 ISBN 978 0 8020 9327 1 Retrieved 1 February 2017 Ethnic identity became the basis for differentiating between one s own from foreigners Alekseev s use of the terms Russians and Ukrainians terms of modern national identity was rooted in concepts characteristic of the revolutionary and postrevolutionary era His own records as well as those of other contemporary authors attest that the names most often used by peasants of the prerevolutionary era with reference to ethnic Ukrainians and Russians were khokhly referring to Cossack topknots and katsapy a derogatory term These terms which hardly excluded negative connotations were used to denote the two ethnic groups faute de mieux as Rubel s own History attests Ukrainians used khokhol inter alia as a self definition Institut movoznavstva im O O Potebni Slovnik ukrayinskoyi movi www inmo org ua Retrieved 2022 03 30 Thompson Ewa M 1991 The Search for Self Definition in Russian Literature John Benjamins Publishing Company p 22 ISBN 978 90 272 7759 6 Retrieved 10 October 2016 Mel nychuk O S 1982 2012 Etymolohichnyĭ slovnyk ukrainsʼkoi movy Etymological dictionary of the Ukrainian language Vol 6 Kyiv Naukova Dumka pp 205 6 ISBN 978 966 00 0197 8 Bierich Alexander 2009 Varietaeten Im Slavischen Su standartnye varianty slavyanskih yazykov Ausgewaehlte Beitraege Izbrannye stati in Russian Peter Lang ISBN 978 3 631 57010 4 The Last KingdomSee also EditAnti Ukrainian sentiment Chupryna Moskal Sikha Ukrop Vatnik slang This article relating to Ukraine is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Oseledets amp oldid 1130226279, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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