Rushan is divided into two parts by Panj river where on right bank along Bartang river to the East located Rushan district of GBAO, Tajikistan and on the left side located several villages of Roshan area in northern part of the Sheghnan District, in the Badakhshan Province of Afghanistan and the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region in Tajikistan. Afghani Roshan consists of six villages including Rubotin, Paguor, Chawed, York, Shaikhin and Chasnud, five of which are located on the bank of the river Panj, which meets[clarification needed] at the border of Tajikistan.[2] Most Rushani speakers belong to the Ismaili branch of Shi'a Islam.[2]
Rushani, like Shughni, is only used in unofficial settings. All of the children in the community learn Rushani as their first language and rely heavily on it until they enroll in school. It is only then that they learn the official language of the country.[2] Adult speakers are all bi- or tri-lingual in Tajik and Russian.
Traditionally Rushani was not a written language, with Rushani speakers writing in Persian.[3] Writing systems have been developed for the language using Cyrillic and Latin scripts, for example for use in translation of parts of the bible by the Institute for Bible Translation.
Verbsedit
Rushani is unusual in having a transitive alignment system – a so-called double-oblique clause structure – in the past tense. That is, in the past tense,[4] the agent and object of a transitive verb are both marked, while the subject of an intransitive verb is not. In the present tense, the object of the transitive verb is marked, the other two roles are not – that is, a typical nominative–accusative alignment.[5] See transitive alignment for examples.
Literatureedit
Zarubin, I.I. Bartangskie i rushanskie teksty i slovar. Moskva : Izd-vo Akademii nauk SSSR, 1937.
Payne, John, "Pamir languages" in Compendium Linguarum Iranicarum, ed. Schmitt (1989), 417–444.
Payne, John. "The decay of ergativity in Pamir languages." Lingua 51:147-186.
Referencesedit
^ abShughni at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
^ abcMuller, K. 2010: Language in Community-Oriented and Contact-Oriented Domains: The Case of the Shughni of Tajakistan. SIL International.
^Dodykhudoeva, L. 2007: Revitalization of minority languages: comparative dictionary of key cultural terms in the languages and dialects of the Shugni-Rushani group. London: SOAS.
rushani, language, rushani, pamir, languages, spoken, afghanistan, tajikistan, rushani, relatively, closer, northern, pamiri, languages, group, whether, shughni, yazgulami, sarikuli, oroshori, sharing, many, grammatical, vocabulary, similarity, with, them, esp. Rushani is one of the Pamir languages spoken in Afghanistan and Tajikistan Rushani is relatively closer to all Northern Pamiri languages sub group whether it is Shughni Yazgulami Sarikuli or Oroshori sharing many grammatical and vocabulary similarity with all of them especially with Shughni and thus some linguists consider it a dialect of Shughni Rushanirix un ziv rix ӯn zivNative toAfghanistan TajikistanEthnicity73 800 Rushan people 1 Native speakers 18 000 cited 1990 1 Language familyIndo European Indo IranianIranianEastern IranianPamiriRushaniLanguage codesISO 639 3 Glottologrush1239ELPRushaniRushan is divided into two parts by Panj river where on right bank along Bartang river to the East located Rushan district of GBAO Tajikistan and on the left side located several villages of Roshan area in northern part of the Sheghnan District in the Badakhshan Province of Afghanistan and the Gorno Badakhshan Autonomous Region in Tajikistan Afghani Roshan consists of six villages including Rubotin Paguor Chawed York Shaikhin and Chasnud five of which are located on the bank of the river Panj which meets clarification needed at the border of Tajikistan 2 Most Rushani speakers belong to the Ismaili branch of Shi a Islam 2 Contents 1 Language use 2 Verbs 3 Literature 4 References 5 External linksLanguage use editRushani like Shughni is only used in unofficial settings All of the children in the community learn Rushani as their first language and rely heavily on it until they enroll in school It is only then that they learn the official language of the country 2 Adult speakers are all bi or tri lingual in Tajik and Russian Traditionally Rushani was not a written language with Rushani speakers writing in Persian 3 Writing systems have been developed for the language using Cyrillic and Latin scripts for example for use in translation of parts of the bible by the Institute for Bible Translation Verbs editRushani is unusual in having a transitive alignment system a so called double oblique clause structure in the past tense That is in the past tense 4 the agent and object of a transitive verb are both marked while the subject of an intransitive verb is not In the present tense the object of the transitive verb is marked the other two roles are not that is a typical nominative accusative alignment 5 See transitive alignment for examples Literature editZarubin I I Bartangskie i rushanskie teksty i slovar Moskva Izd vo Akademii nauk SSSR 1937 Payne John Pamir languages in Compendium Linguarum Iranicarum ed Schmitt 1989 417 444 Payne John The decay of ergativity in Pamir languages Lingua 51 147 186 References edit a b Shughni at Ethnologue 18th ed 2015 subscription required a b c Muller K 2010 Language in Community Oriented and Contact Oriented Domains The Case of the Shughni of Tajakistan SIL International Dodykhudoeva L 2007 Revitalization of minority languages comparative dictionary of key cultural terms in the languages and dialects of the Shugni Rushani group London SOAS or perhaps perfective aspect J R Payne Language Universals and Language Types in Collinge ed 1990 An Encyclopedia of Language Routledge From Payne 1980 External links editRushani 1 at the Endangered Languages Project Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Rushani language amp oldid 1185624820, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
