In Ops' statues and coins, she is figured sitting down, as Chthonian deities normally are, and generally holds a scepter, or a corn spray and cornucopia. In Roman mythology the husband of Ops was Saturn.[1] Ops is identified as Rhea in Greek mythology, whose husband was Cronus, the bountiful monarch of the golden age; Cronus was Rhea's brother.
Nameedit
In Latin writings of the time, the singular nominative (Ops) is not attested; only the form Opis is used by classical authors. According to Festus (203:19), "Ops is said to be the wife of Saturn and the daughter of Caelus. By her they designated the earth, because the earth distributes all goods to the human genus" (Opis dicta est coniux Saturni per quam uolerunt terram significare, quia omnes opes humano generi terra tribuit).
The Latin word ops means "riches, goods, abundance, gifts, munificence, plenty".[2] The word is also related to opus, which means "work", particularly in the sense of "working the earth, ploughing, sowing".[3] This activity was deemed sacred, and was often attended by religious rites intended to obtain the good will of chthonic deities such as Ops and Consus. Ops is also related to the Sanskrit word ápnas ("goods, property").
Worshipedit
According to Roman tradition, the cult of Opis was instituted by Titus Tatius, one of the Sabine kings of Rome.[4] Opis soon became the matron of riches, abundance, and prosperity. Opis had a famous temple in the Capitolium. Originally, a festival took place in Opis' honor on August 10. Additionally, on December 19[1] (some say December 9), the Opalia was celebrated. On August 25, the Opiconsivia was held. Opiconsivia was another name used for Opis, indicating when the earth was sown. These festivals also included activities that were called Consualia, in honor of Consus, her consort.
Mythology and literatureedit
When Saturn (as Cronus) learned of a prophecy that his children by Opis would overthrow him, he ate his children one by one as they were born. Opis could not just stand, so instead of giving Saturn their final child, Jupiter, she wrapped a rock in swaddling clothes, and fed the stone to Saturn instead of Jupiter. Opis then went on to raise Jupiter in secret, and then helped him free his siblings from their father's stomach.
She is remembered in De Mulieribus Claris, a collection of biographies of historical and mythological women by the Florentine author Giovanni Boccaccio, composed in 1361–1362. It is notable as the first collection devoted exclusively to biographies of women in Western literature.[5]
^Boccaccio, Giovanni (2003) [1362]. Famous Women. I Tatti Renaissance Library. Vol. 1. Translated by Brown, Virginia. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. p. xi. ISBN0-674-01130-9.
Livy Ab urbe condita libri XXIX.10.4–11.8, 14.5–14
Lactantius, Divinae institutions I.13.2–4, 14.2–5
Secondary sourcesedit
Virginia Brown's translation of Giovanni Boccaccio's Famous Women, pp. 12–13; Harvard University Press 2001; ISBN0-674-01130-9
External linksedit
Media related to Ops at Wikimedia Commons
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ops.
December 15, 2023
other, mythological, figures, greek, mythology, suffix, taxonomy, list, commonly, used, taxonomic, affixes, other, uses, disambiguation, disambiguation, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, ci. For other mythological figures see Ops Greek mythology For the suffix ops in taxonomy see List of commonly used taxonomic affixes For other uses see Ops disambiguation and OPS disambiguation This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Ops news newspapers books scholar JSTOR March 2013 Learn how and when to remove this template message In ancient Roman religion Ops or Opis Latin Plenty was a fertility deity and earth goddess of Sabine origin Her equivalent in Greek mythology was Rhea OpsGoddess of earth and fertilityLivia attired as the goddess OpsOther namesOpis Plenty AbodeChthonicSymbolLions tambourine crown grains cornucopiaGenderfemaleFestivalsOpiconsiviaPersonal informationParentsCaelus TerraSiblingsSaturn JanusConsortSaturnChildrenJupiter Neptune Pluto Juno Ceres and VestaEquivalentsGreek equivalentRhea Contents 1 Iconography 2 Name 3 Worship 4 Mythology and literature 5 References 5 1 Primary sources 5 2 Secondary sources 6 External linksIconography editIn Ops statues and coins she is figured sitting down as Chthonian deities normally are and generally holds a scepter or a corn spray and cornucopia In Roman mythology the husband of Ops was Saturn 1 Ops is identified as Rhea in Greek mythology whose husband was Cronus the bountiful monarch of the golden age Cronus was Rhea s brother Name editIn Latin writings of the time the singular nominative Ops is not attested only the form Opis is used by classical authors According to Festus 203 19 Ops is said to be the wife of Saturn and the daughter of Caelus By her they designated the earth because the earth distributes all goods to the human genus Opis dicta est coniux Saturni per quam uolerunt terram significare quia omnes opes humano generi terra tribuit The Latin word ops means riches goods abundance gifts munificence plenty 2 The word is also related to opus which means work particularly in the sense of working the earth ploughing sowing 3 This activity was deemed sacred and was often attended by religious rites intended to obtain the good will of chthonic deities such as Ops and Consus Ops is also related to the Sanskrit word apnas goods property Worship editAccording to Roman tradition the cult of Opis was instituted by Titus Tatius one of the Sabine kings of Rome 4 Opis soon became the matron of riches abundance and prosperity Opis had a famous temple in the Capitolium Originally a festival took place in Opis honor on August 10 Additionally on December 19 1 some say December 9 the Opalia was celebrated On August 25 the Opiconsivia was held Opiconsivia was another name used for Opis indicating when the earth was sown These festivals also included activities that were called Consualia in honor of Consus her consort Mythology and literature editWhen Saturn as Cronus learned of a prophecy that his children by Opis would overthrow him he ate his children one by one as they were born Opis could not just stand so instead of giving Saturn their final child Jupiter she wrapped a rock in swaddling clothes and fed the stone to Saturn instead of Jupiter Opis then went on to raise Jupiter in secret and then helped him free his siblings from their father s stomach She is remembered in De Mulieribus Claris a collection of biographies of historical and mythological women by the Florentine author Giovanni Boccaccio composed in 1361 1362 It is notable as the first collection devoted exclusively to biographies of women in Western literature 5 References edit a b Frazer James George 1911 Saturn In Chisholm Hugh ed Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 24 11th ed Cambridge University Press p 231 Lewis Charlton T Short Charles ops A Latin Dictionary perseus tufts edu Retrieved 17 February 2016 Ops NovaRoma www novaroma org Retrieved 2020 05 24 Ops NovaRoma www novaroma org Retrieved 2020 05 24 Boccaccio Giovanni 2003 1362 Famous Women I Tatti Renaissance Library Vol 1 Translated by Brown Virginia Cambridge MA Harvard University Press p xi ISBN 0 674 01130 9 Primary sources edit Boccaccio Giovanni 1362 De mulieribus claris Livy Ab urbe condita libri XXIX 10 4 11 8 14 5 14 Lactantius Divinae institutions I 13 2 4 14 2 5Secondary sources edit Virginia Brown s translation of Giovanni Boccaccio s Famous Women pp 12 13 Harvard University Press 2001 ISBN 0 674 01130 9External links edit nbsp Media related to Ops at Wikimedia Commons nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ops Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ops amp oldid 1173783295, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
