Oplismenus hirtellus, commonly known as basket grass, is a species of floweringperennial plant from the family Poaceae that can be found on every continent in the world except Antarctica, growing mostly in coastal tropic and subtropic regions as well as tropical and subtropical islands such as Hawaii, New Zealand, Australia and Madagascar.[1]
Oplismenus hirtellus flowers are typically deep reddish or purple, whereas a sister species Oplismenus undulatifolius features white or very lightly colored flowers.
The species flowering stalk is located 200 millimetres (7.9 in) above the leaves with the sticky purple colored awns. Flowers appear from December to June.[2] It grows 0.3 metres (1 ft 0 in) high and has some hairs which have 10-15 nerves on either side. The plant is whitish on the lower surface and is very narrow near midrib.
It is self-pollinated plant whose seeds attract various animals and birds. The sticky seeds are easily distributed by animals and humans, easily adhering to fur and clothing.[2]
There has been some disagreement about the taxonomic classification of non-native Oplismenus in several states:
In Maryland and Virginia an exotic invasive Oplismenus with white flowers was discovered in 1996 and identified as Oplismenus hirtellus subsp. undulatifolius but later recognized as the separate Oplismenus undulatifolius.
In Hawaii, the grass was recorded in 1819 though not considered native to the state.[5] With deep reddish flowers, the Hawaiian grass is most likely a form of the tropical Oplismenus hirtellus rather than the temperate O. undulatifolius. Because of its presence on the islands for over 150 years, it is referred to as a naturalized non-native, while its dominance in shaded forests suggests the species could be described as invasive.[6]
Oplismenus hirtellus 'Variegatus'
Referencesedit
^"Discover Life: Point Map of Oplismenus hirtellus". Encyclopedia of Life. Retrieved November 10, 2015.
^ ab"Oplismenus hirtellus (L.) P.Beauv". PlantZAfrica.com. Retrieved May 14, 2013.
^"Oplismenus hirtellus (Retz.) P. Beauv. Burmann's basketgrass". USDA. PLANTS Profile. Retrieved May 14, 2013.
^"Oplismenus hirtellus (L.) P. Beauv. subsp. setarius (Lam.) Mez ex Ekman". National Plant Germplasm System. Retrieved 7 January 2016.
^Motooka, P.; et al. "Oplismenus hirtellus" (PDF). Weeds of Hawai‘i’s Pastures and Natural Areas. College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawai‘i at Mänoa. Retrieved 7 January 2016.
^"Weed Risk Assessment for Oplismenus hirtellus (L.) P. Beauv. subsp. undulatifolius (Ard.) U. Scholz (Poaceae)" (PDF). APHIS. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 7 January 2016.
Further readingedit
Gibbs Russell, G.E.; et al. (1990). Grasses of southern Africa. Vol. 58. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
Van Wyk, E. & Van Oudtshoorn, F (1999). Guide to the grasses of southern Africa. Pretoria: Briza Publications.
External linksedit
Dressler, S.; Schmidt, M. & Zizka, G. (2014). "Oplismenus hirtellus". African plants – a Photo Guide. Frankfurt/Main: Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg.
This Panicoideae article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
oplismenus, hirtellus, commonly, known, basket, grass, species, flowering, perennial, plant, from, family, poaceae, that, found, every, continent, world, except, antarctica, growing, mostly, coastal, tropic, subtropic, regions, well, tropical, subtropical, isl. Oplismenus hirtellus commonly known as basket grass is a species of flowering perennial plant from the family Poaceae that can be found on every continent in the world except Antarctica growing mostly in coastal tropic and subtropic regions as well as tropical and subtropical islands such as Hawaii New Zealand Australia and Madagascar 1 Basket grassScientific classificationKingdom PlantaeClade TracheophytesClade AngiospermsClade MonocotsClade CommelinidsOrder PoalesFamily PoaceaeSubfamily PanicoideaeGenus OplismenusSpecies O hirtellusBinomial nameOplismenus hirtellus L P Beauv Oplismenus hirtellus flowers are typically deep reddish or purple whereas a sister species Oplismenus undulatifolius features white or very lightly colored flowers Contents 1 Description 2 Distribution 2 1 In the United States 3 References 4 Further reading 5 External linksDescription editThe species flowering stalk is located 200 millimetres 7 9 in above the leaves with the sticky purple colored awns Flowers appear from December to June 2 It grows 0 3 metres 1 ft 0 in high and has some hairs which have 10 15 nerves on either side The plant is whitish on the lower surface and is very narrow near midrib It is self pollinated plant whose seeds attract various animals and birds The sticky seeds are easily distributed by animals and humans easily adhering to fur and clothing 2 Distribution editIn the United States edit Oplismenus hirtellus is considered native to the southeastern United States 3 growing in Alabama Arkansas Florida Georgia Louisiana Mississippi North Carolina South Carolina Texas and Oklahoma 4 There has been some disagreement about the taxonomic classification of non native Oplismenus in several states In Maryland and Virginia an exotic invasive Oplismenus with white flowers was discovered in 1996 and identified as Oplismenus hirtellus subsp undulatifolius but later recognized as the separate Oplismenus undulatifolius In Hawaii the grass was recorded in 1819 though not considered native to the state 5 With deep reddish flowers the Hawaiian grass is most likely a form of the tropical Oplismenus hirtellus rather than the temperate O undulatifolius Because of its presence on the islands for over 150 years it is referred to as a naturalized non native while its dominance in shaded forests suggests the species could be described as invasive 6 nbsp Oplismenus hirtellus Variegatus References edit Discover Life Point Map of Oplismenus hirtellus Encyclopedia of Life Retrieved November 10 2015 a b Oplismenus hirtellus L P Beauv PlantZAfrica com Retrieved May 14 2013 Oplismenus hirtellus Retz P Beauv Burmann s basketgrass USDA PLANTS Profile Retrieved May 14 2013 Oplismenus hirtellus L P Beauv subsp setarius Lam Mez ex Ekman National Plant Germplasm System Retrieved 7 January 2016 Motooka P et al Oplismenus hirtellus PDF Weeds of Hawai i s Pastures and Natural Areas College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources University of Hawai i at Manoa Retrieved 7 January 2016 Weed Risk Assessment for Oplismenus hirtellus L P Beauv subsp undulatifolius Ard U Scholz Poaceae PDF APHIS United States Department of Agriculture Retrieved 7 January 2016 Further reading editGibbs Russell G E et al 1990 Grasses of southern Africa Vol 58 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a work ignored help Van Wyk E amp Van Oudtshoorn F 1999 Guide to the grasses of southern Africa Pretoria Briza Publications External links editDressler S Schmidt M amp Zizka G 2014 Oplismenus hirtellus African plants a Photo Guide Frankfurt Main Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg nbsp This Panicoideae article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Oplismenus hirtellus amp oldid 1190093347, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
