Nidāna (निदान) is a Sanskrit and Pali word that means "cause, motivation or occasion" depending on the context.[1] The word is derived from the Sanskrit prefix ni- (नि; "down", "into") plus the root dā (दा; "to bind"), forming the verb nidā (निदा; "to bind on, fasten").[2][3] This in turn yields the noun nidāna (निदान; lit. "a band, rope or halter").[3] It appears in the Rigveda, such as hymn 10.114.2,[4] and other Hindu scriptures, wherein it means "primary or first cause, linked cause"; in other contexts such as Rigveda 6.32.6, nidāna refers to the literal meaning of a rope or band that links, binds or fastens one thing to another, such as a horse to a cart.[3] The word has been borrowed into modern languages such as Hindi and Marathi[5] to mean "diagnosis" or "primary cause" among others.[6]
Nidāna is the term used to describe the standard introduction of a Buddhist sutra, where the formula "Thus have I heard" (attributed to Ānanda) is followed by a description of the location and occasion on which the Buddha gave a particular teaching.[7]
The other primary use of nidāna in the Buddhist tradition is in the context of the Twelve Nidānas, also called the "Twelve Links of Dependent Origination".[8][9] These links present the mechanistic basis of repeated birth, saṃsāra, and resultant duḥkha (suffering, pain, unsatisfactoriness) starting from avidyā (ignorance, misconceptions).[8]
Hinduism
The term nidāna appears in numerous ancient and medieval Hindu texts wherein it means "first cause, primary cause, original or essential cause".[3] This includes the Upanishads that include theosophical speculations,[3] as well as medical texts such as Sushruta Samhita and Charaka Samhita, where a large sub-book is titled Nidāna Sthāna (निदानस्थान; "Pathology"),[10] as well as in chapters of the Puranas, wherein these discuss cause of disease or various natural phenomena.[3]
^ abPeter Harvey (2015). Steven M. Emmanuel (ed.). A Companion to Buddhist Philosophy. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 50–59. ISBN978-1-119-14466-3.
^Robert E. Buswell Jr.; Donald S. Lopez Jr. (2013). The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism. Princeton University Press. p. 583. ISBN978-1-4008-4805-8.
^Malavika Kapur (2015). Psychological Perspectives on Childcare in Indian Indigenous Health Systems. Springer. p. 12. ISBN978-81-322-2428-0.
March 28, 2023
nidana, nidāna, sanskrit, pali, word, that, means, cause, motivation, occasion, depending, context, word, derived, from, sanskrit, prefix, down, into, plus, root, bind, forming, verb, nidā, bind, fasten, this, turn, yields, noun, nidāna, band, rope, halter, ap. Nidana न द न is a Sanskrit and Pali word that means cause motivation or occasion depending on the context 1 The word is derived from the Sanskrit prefix ni न down into plus the root da द to bind forming the verb nida न द to bind on fasten 2 3 This in turn yields the noun nidana न द न lit a band rope or halter 3 It appears in the Rigveda such as hymn 10 114 2 4 and other Hindu scriptures wherein it means primary or first cause linked cause in other contexts such as Rigveda 6 32 6 nidana refers to the literal meaning of a rope or band that links binds or fastens one thing to another such as a horse to a cart 3 The word has been borrowed into modern languages such as Hindi and Marathi 5 to mean diagnosis or primary cause among others 6 Contents 1 Buddhism 2 Hinduism 3 See also 4 NotesBuddhism EditMain articles Thus have I heard and Pratityasamutpada Nidana is the term used to describe the standard introduction of a Buddhist sutra where the formula Thus have I heard attributed to Ananda is followed by a description of the location and occasion on which the Buddha gave a particular teaching 7 The other primary use of nidana in the Buddhist tradition is in the context of the Twelve Nidanas also called the Twelve Links of Dependent Origination 8 9 These links present the mechanistic basis of repeated birth saṃsara and resultant duḥkha suffering pain unsatisfactoriness starting from avidya ignorance misconceptions 8 Hinduism EditThe term nidana appears in numerous ancient and medieval Hindu texts wherein it means first cause primary cause original or essential cause 3 This includes the Upanishads that include theosophical speculations 3 as well as medical texts such as Sushruta Samhita and Charaka Samhita where a large sub book is titled Nidana Sthana न द नस थ न Pathology 10 as well as in chapters of the Puranas wherein these discuss cause of disease or various natural phenomena 3 See also EditVipassana Samadhi Dhyana in Buddhism SamathaNotes Edit Robert E Buswell Jr Donald S Lopez Jr 2013 The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism Princeton University Press p 583 ISBN 978 1 4008 4805 8 Thomas William Rhys Davids William Stede 1921 Pali English Dictionary Motilal Banarsidass p 358 ISBN 978 81 208 1144 7 a b c d e f Monier Monier Williams 1872 A Sanskrit English Dictionary Oxford University Press p 486 Rigveda 10 114 Wikisource Quote त स र द ष ट र य न र त र प सत द र घश र त व ह ज नन त वह नय त स न च क य कवय न द न पर ष य ग ह य ष व रत ष २ James Thomas Molesworth न द न nidana in A Dictionary Marathi and English Bombay 1857 p 465 Ralph Lilley Turner nidaˊna in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo Aryan Languages London 1969 1985 p 411 Oxford Reference evaṃ maya srutam a b Peter Harvey 2015 Steven M Emmanuel ed A Companion to Buddhist Philosophy John Wiley amp Sons pp 50 59 ISBN 978 1 119 14466 3 Robert E Buswell Jr Donald S Lopez Jr 2013 The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism Princeton University Press p 583 ISBN 978 1 4008 4805 8 Malavika Kapur 2015 Psychological Perspectives on Childcare in Indian Indigenous Health Systems Springer p 12 ISBN 978 81 322 2428 0 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Nidana amp oldid 1055772890, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
