The city was founded as Byzantion (Greek: Βυζάντιον) by Megarian colonists in 657 BCE.[1] It was renamed by Constantine the Great first as "New Rome" (Nova Roma) during the official dedication of the city as the new Roman capital in 330 CE,[1] which he soon afterwards changed to Constantinople (Constantinopolis).[1][2] The city was officially renamed as Istanbul in the 20th century, after the establishment of the Turkish Republic in 1923.
Constantine essentially rebuilt the city on a monumental scale from 326[3] to 330, partly modeling it after Rome. Names of this period included ἡ Νέα, δευτέρα Ῥώμη, "the New, second Rome";[4]Ἄλμα Ῥώμα, "Alma Roma"; Βυζαντιάς Ῥώμη, "Byzantine Rome"; ἑῴα Ῥώμη, "Eastern Rome"; and Roma Constantinopolitana.[3]: 354
The term "New Rome" was used to indicate that Byzantium, thereafter Constantinople, was the second/new capital of the Roman Empire. In modern times, "New Rome" remains part of the official title of the Orthodox Ecumenical Patriarch of that city.[5]
During the Tetrarchy system established by Diocletian in the 3rd century, Nicomedia (modern İzmit) near Istanbul was the Eastern (and most senior) capital of the Roman Empire (Diocletian had his seat in Nicomedia as the Augustus of the East). The last Roman co-emperor in Nicomedia, Licinius, was defeated by Constantine at the Battle of Chrysopolis (in the modern Üsküdar district on the Asian side of Istanbul) on 18 September 324. Constantine used Nicomedia as his interim capital city between 324 and 330, while rebuilding and expanding Byzantium as Nova Roma (which he soon renamed again as Constantinopolis).[1] Constantine died at a villa near Nicomedia on 22 May 337.
^ abGeorgacas, Demetrius John (1947). "The Names of Constantinople". Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association. The Johns Hopkins University Press. 78: 347–67. doi:10.2307/283503. JSTOR 283503.
^The 5th-century church historian Socrates of Constantinople writes in his Historia Ecclesiastica, 1:16 (c. 439) that the emperor named the city "Constantinople" while decreeing that it be designated a "second Rome" (‘Κωνσταντινούπολιν’ μετονομάσας, χρηματίζειν ‘δευτέραν Ῥώμην’ νόμῳ ἐκύρωσεν).
^"Bartholomew, Archbishop of Constantinople, New Rome and Ecumenical Patriarch".
July 09, 2023
rome, other, uses, disambiguation, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar,. For other uses see New Rome disambiguation This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources New Rome news newspapers books scholar JSTOR April 2023 Learn how and when to remove this template message Not to be confused with Nova Roma New Rome Greek Nea Ῥwmh Nea Rhṓme Koine Greek ˈne a ˈr o ːme ː Latin Nova Roma Late Latin ˈnɔwa ˈroma was the original name given by the Roman emperor Constantine the Great in 330 CE 1 to his new imperial capital which was built as an expansion of the city of Byzantium on the European coast of the Bosporus strait New RomeNea Ῥwmh Greek Nova Roma Latin Shown within IstanbulShow map of IstanbulNew Rome Marmara Show map of MarmaraNew Rome Turkey Show map of TurkeyAlternative nameByzantion earlier Greek name LocationFatih Istanbul TurkeyRegionMarmara RegionCoordinates41 0 50 N 28 57 20 E 41 01389 N 28 95556 E 41 01389 28 95556TypeImperial cityPart ofRoman EmpireArea6 km2 2 3 sq mi enclosed within Constantinian WallsHistoryBuilderConstantine the GreatFounded11 May 330PeriodsLate antiquityCulturesGreekLatinThe city was founded as Byzantion Greek Byzantion by Megarian colonists in 657 BCE 1 It was renamed by Constantine the Great first as New Rome Nova Roma during the official dedication of the city as the new Roman capital in 330 CE 1 which he soon afterwards changed to Constantinople Constantinopolis 1 2 The city was officially renamed as Istanbul in the 20th century after the establishment of the Turkish Republic in 1923 Constantine essentially rebuilt the city on a monumental scale from 326 3 to 330 partly modeling it after Rome Names of this period included ἡ Nea deytera Ῥwmh the New second Rome 4 Ἄlma Ῥwma Alma Roma Byzantias Ῥwmh Byzantine Rome ἑῴa Ῥwmh Eastern Rome and Roma Constantinopolitana 3 354 The term New Rome was used to indicate that Byzantium thereafter Constantinople was the second new capital of the Roman Empire In modern times New Rome remains part of the official title of the Orthodox Ecumenical Patriarch of that city 5 During the Tetrarchy system established by Diocletian in the 3rd century Nicomedia modern Izmit near Istanbul was the Eastern and most senior capital of the Roman Empire Diocletian had his seat in Nicomedia as the Augustus of the East The last Roman co emperor in Nicomedia Licinius was defeated by Constantine at the Battle of Chrysopolis in the modern Uskudar district on the Asian side of Istanbul on 18 September 324 Constantine used Nicomedia as his interim capital city between 324 and 330 while rebuilding and expanding Byzantium as Nova Roma which he soon renamed again as Constantinopolis 1 Constantine died at a villa near Nicomedia on 22 May 337 See also EditSecond Rome disambiguation Third RomeReferences Edit a b c d e Istanbul britannica com Encyclopaedia Britannica Mango Cyril 1991 Constantinople In Kazhdan Alexander ed The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium Oxford and New York Oxford University Press pp 508 512 ISBN 0 19 504652 8 a b Georgacas Demetrius John 1947 The Names of Constantinople Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association The Johns Hopkins University Press 78 347 67 doi 10 2307 283503 JSTOR 283503 The 5th century church historian Socrates of Constantinople writes in his Historia Ecclesiastica 1 16 c 439 that the emperor named the city Constantinople while decreeing that it be designated a second Rome Kwnstantinoypolin metonomasas xrhmatizein deyteran Ῥwmhn nomῳ ἐkyrwsen Bartholomew Archbishop of Constantinople New Rome and Ecumenical Patriarch Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title New Rome amp oldid 1149114517, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
