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Death by boiling

January 01, 1970

Death by boiling is a method of execution in which a person is killed by being immersed in a boiling liquid. While not as common as other methods of execution, boiling to death has been practiced in many parts of Europe and Asia. Due to the lengthy process, death by boiling is an extremely painful method of execution. Executions of this type were often carried out using a large vessel such as a cauldron or a sealed kettle filled with a liquid such as water, oil, tar, or tallow, and a hook and pulley system.[1] Instances of boiling alive as a legal punishment were quite rare and infrequent compared to other forms of execution, such as drowning.[2]

Depiction of the martyrdom of the Sikh Bhai Dayala by being boiled alive on the orders of Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb in November 1675 AD

Historical practice edit

Europe edit

In England, the use of boiling alive as a method of execution was rare.[2] The ninth statute passed in 1531 (the 22nd year of the reign of King Henry VIII) made boiling alive the prescriptive form of capital punishment for murder committed by poisoning, which by the same Act was defined as high treason.[3] This arose from a February 1531 incident in which the Bishop of Rochester's cook, Richard Roose, gave several people poisoned porridge, resulting in two deaths.[4] A partial confession having been extracted by torture, the sentence was thus imposed by attainder and without benefit of clergy. His execution took place on April 15, 1532, at Smithfield.[2] A contemporary chronicle reports the following:[5]

He roared mighty loud, and divers women who were big with child did feel sick at the sight of what they saw, and were carried away half dead; and other men and women did not seem frightened by the boiling alive, but would prefer to see the headsman at his work.

Boiling to death was employed again in 1542 for a woman, Margaret Davy,[6] who had also used poison.[7][8] During the reign of Edward VI, in 1547, the 1531 act was repealed.[2]

Numerous people have been boiled to death in Scotland. For example, with the consent of Jon Haraldsson, the "Bloody Earl" of Orkney, the bishop of Caithness, Adam of Melrose, and a monk named Surlo are said to have been boiled to death by angry husbandmen in 1222 over the bishop's aggressive means of collecting tithes. Alexander II is said to have executed upwards of eighty persons as a punishment for killing the bishop and monk, and the earl fled his lands.[9] But according to the Melrose Chronicle, Adam of Melrose was "burned alive", rather than boiled, and Alexander II executed up to 400 for the crime against the clergy.[10]

 
Execution cauldron at Deventer (Netherlands)

William de Soules, a nobleman involved in a conspiracy against Robert the Bruce, was reputed to be a sorcerer consorting with evil spirits, and was boiled alive in 1321 at Ninestane Rig.[11] Around 1420, Melville, the sheriff of the Mearns and laird of Glenbervie, who was resented for his strictness, was apprehended by some other nobles and thrown into the kettle. The nobles are said to have each taken a spoonful of the brew afterwards.[12]

Boiling as an execution method was also used for counterfeiters, swindlers and coin forgers during the Middle Ages.[13] In the Holy Roman Empire, for example, being boiled to death in oil is recorded for coin forgers and extremely grave murderers. In 1392, a man was boiled alive in Nuremberg for having raped and murdered his own mother.[14] Coin forgers were boiled to death in 1452 in Danzig[15] and in 1471 in Stralsund.[16] Even as late as 1687, a man in Bremen was boiled to death in oil for having been of valuable help to some coin forgers who had escaped justice.[17]

In the Dutch town of Deventer, the kettle that was used for boiling criminals to death can still be seen.[18]

Asia edit

 
Execution of Ishikawa Goemon and his son

In 16th-century Japan, the semi-legendary Japanese bandit Ishikawa Goemon and his son were boiled alive in the 1590s by Toyotomi Hideyoshi.[19] In 1675, a Sikh martyr called Bhai Dayala was boiled to death in Delhi after he refused to convert to Islam. He was put into a cauldron full of cold water which was then heated to boiling point. Sikh scriptures record that Dayala recited the Japji of Guru Nanak and the Sukhmani of Guru Arjan as he died.[20]

Americas edit

Thomas Ewbank relates in his 1856 book Life in Brazil that he was told of an enslaved Afro-Brazilian being publicly boiled to death by a plantation owner as punishment for acts of insubbordination.[21]

Modern times edit

According to InSight Crime, of the 31,000 people killed by militants of Shining Path in Peru between 1980 and 2000, some were murdered by boiling.[22]

The government of Uzbekistan under Islam Karimov (1991–2016) has been alleged to have boiled suspected terrorists.[23]

In a US Department of State document from 2004, the following is written:

During the year, there were no developments or investigations in the following 2002 deaths in custody: Mirzakomil Avazov and Khusnuddin Olimov, members of Hizb ut-Tahrir who were tortured to death in Jaslyk Prison in Karakalpakstan resulting in extensive bruises and burns, the latter reportedly caused by immersion in boiling water.[24]

Former ISIS commander Abu Abboud al-Raqqawi referred to ISIS's brutal execution methods, among which was boiling prisoners alive in engine oil:

Some people were boiled alive in oil. Engine oil. They burned wood on a fire for an hour before throwing the victim into boiling oil. It's the Tunisians who were responsible for that.[25]

In the 2010 documentary El Sicario, Room 164, the masked sicario interviewee claims that the Mexican cartels boil in oil those found to be working for the police.

Depictions in Western culture edit

Early reports of cannibals from places in the Pacific, such as Fiji and Papua New Guinea, killing Western Christian missionaries were assumed to involve some form of boiling alive.[26] This became a fertile ground for film makers and especially cartoonists, whose clichéd depiction of tourists or missionaries sitting restrained in a large cauldron above a wood fire and surrounded by bone-nosed tribesmen was a staple of popular magazines and films for decades. Examples include the 1980 television miniseries Shōgun and its 2024 remake,[27] the 1985 film adaptation of King Solomon's Mines[28] and the dream sequence in the film Bagdad Café.[29]

Fromental Halévy's 1835 opera La Juive ends with Rachel (the title character) being boiled alive in a vat of oil after her relationship with the Christian prince Léopold is discovered by antisemitic state and church authorities.

References edit

  1. ^ Geoffrey Abbott, Amazing True Stories of Execution Blunders, pp. 21–22.
  2. ^ a b c d Andrews, William (1883-07-13). "Modes of execution - boiling alive". The Newcastle Weekly Courant. p. 2. Retrieved 2024-03-15.
  3. ^ Anno 22 Henry VIII (1530–31), Chapter 9, in The Statutes of the Realm Vol. 3: The Statutes of King Henry VIII (By Command 1817), Reprint (Dawsons of Pall Mall, London, 1963), p. 326 2020-06-15 at the Wayback Machine (HathiTrust).
  4. ^ Kesselring, K.J. (September 2001), A Draft of the 1531 'Acte for Poysoning', The English Historical Review Vol. 116, No. 468, pp. 894–899, JSTOR 579196 2020-06-21 at the Wayback Machine.
  5. ^ Burke, S. Hubert (1870). The Men and Women of the English Reformation. London, United Kingdom: R. Washbourne. p. 240. from the original on 2023-06-12. Retrieved 2023-03-13.
  6. ^   One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Boiling to Death". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 4 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 153.
  7. ^ Newlin, George (2000), Understanding Great expectations, Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, pp. 136, ISBN 978-0-313-29940-7, OCLC 41488673
  8. ^ Leslie, Frank, Frank Leslie, and Ellery Sedgwick. 1876. Frank Leslie's popular monthly. [New York]: Frank Leslie Pub. House. p 343
  9. ^ John Pinkerton: "A General Collection of the Best and Most Interesting Voyages, Volume 3", London 1809, p. 158. The same tradition is transmitted in The Scottish journal of topography, antiquities, traditions. Edinburgh: Stevenson and Menzies: 248. 1842. {{cite journal}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  10. ^ Soc. Diff. Use. Knowl. (1842), p. 310 in Society for Diffusion of Useful Knowledge (1842). The Biographical Dictionary. London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans. p. 310.
  11. ^ "The Complete Works of Sir Walter Scott, New York, 1833, p. 216.
  12. ^ "The new statistical account of Scotland, Volume 18", Edinburgh 1838, pp. 34-35.
  13. ^ Monter, E. William (2007). A bewitched duchy: Lorraine and its dukes, 1477-1736. Librairie Droz. p. 163. ISBN 978-2-600-01165-5.
  14. ^ Mayer, M.M: "Kleine Chronik der Reichsstadt Nürnberg: Mit einem Grundrisse, Nuremberg 1847 p. 102,
  15. ^ Krüger, J.G: "Die beglückte und geschmückte Stadt Lübeck", 1697, p. 20.
  16. ^ von Klemptzen, N.:"Nicolaus Klemzen vom Pommer-lande und dessen fürsten geschlecht-beschreibung", Stralsund 1771, p. 39.
  17. ^ "Blätter für literarische Unterhaltung, Volum 1, p. 116, review of "Taschenbuch für vaterländische Geschichte", Berlin 1843.
  18. ^ "10 Top Tourist Attractions in Arnhem & Easy Day Trips - PlanetWare". planetware.com. from the original on 2011-10-29. Retrieved 2008-04-26.
  19. ^ Botsman, Daniel V. (2013-10-24). Punishment and Power in the Making of Modern Japan. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-1-4008-4929-1.
  20. ^ Singha, H. S. (2000). The encyclopedia of Sikhism. Hemkunt Press. p. 56. ISBN 978-81-7010-301-1.
  21. ^ Ewbank, Thomas. (1856) Life in Brazil. New York: Harper & Brothers. p 439.
  22. ^ "Shining Path". InSight Crime. 2017-03-27. from the original on 2023-11-15. Retrieved 2020-12-04.
  23. ^ "Uzbekistan: Two Brutal Deaths in Custody". Hrw.org. from the original on 29 December 2014. Retrieved 6 January 2015.
  24. ^ "Uzbekistan". state.gov. from the original on 2020-03-22. Retrieved 2019-05-25.
  25. ^ "World-exclusive: Commander on the run tells of the terror inside ISIS". from the original on 2017-10-14. Retrieved 2017-10-14.
  26. ^ . www.thatsweird.net. Archived from the original on 2010-07-19. Retrieved 2010-07-23.
  27. ^ Mavis, Paul (2011-03-14). "Shogun – 30th Anniversary Edition". DVDTalk. from the original on 2015-01-02. Retrieved 1 January 2015.
  28. ^ "Encyclopedia of Cannibal Movies: K". www.indiefilm.com. from the original on 2021-08-03. Retrieved 2019-11-23.
  29. ^ Satellite Ground Systems. "Encyclopedia of Cannibal Movies: B". www.indiefilm.com. from the original on 2023-06-12. Retrieved 2010-07-23.

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Execution by boiling.
  • Human Rights Watch: Torture Worldwide: Uzbekistan

January 01, 1970
death, boiling, method, execution, which, person, killed, being, immersed, boiling, liquid, while, common, other, methods, execution, boiling, death, been, practiced, many, parts, europe, asia, lengthy, process, death, boiling, extremely, painful, method, exec. Death by boiling is a method of execution in which a person is killed by being immersed in a boiling liquid While not as common as other methods of execution boiling to death has been practiced in many parts of Europe and Asia Due to the lengthy process death by boiling is an extremely painful method of execution Executions of this type were often carried out using a large vessel such as a cauldron or a sealed kettle filled with a liquid such as water oil tar or tallow and a hook and pulley system 1 Instances of boiling alive as a legal punishment were quite rare and infrequent compared to other forms of execution such as drowning 2 Depiction of the martyrdom of the Sikh Bhai Dayala by being boiled alive on the orders of Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb in November 1675 AD Contents 1 Historical practice 1 1 Europe 1 2 Asia 1 3 Americas 1 4 Modern times 2 Depictions in Western culture 3 References 4 External linksHistorical practice editEurope edit In England the use of boiling alive as a method of execution was rare 2 The ninth statute passed in 1531 the 22nd year of the reign of King Henry VIII made boiling alive the prescriptive form of capital punishment for murder committed by poisoning which by the same Act was defined as high treason 3 This arose from a February 1531 incident in which the Bishop of Rochester s cook Richard Roose gave several people poisoned porridge resulting in two deaths 4 A partial confession having been extracted by torture the sentence was thus imposed by attainder and without benefit of clergy His execution took place on April 15 1532 at Smithfield 2 A contemporary chronicle reports the following 5 He roared mighty loud and divers women who were big with child did feel sick at the sight of what they saw and were carried away half dead and other men and women did not seem frightened by the boiling alive but would prefer to see the headsman at his work Boiling to death was employed again in 1542 for a woman Margaret Davy 6 who had also used poison 7 8 During the reign of Edward VI in 1547 the 1531 act was repealed 2 Numerous people have been boiled to death in Scotland For example with the consent of Jon Haraldsson the Bloody Earl of Orkney the bishop of Caithness Adam of Melrose and a monk named Surlo are said to have been boiled to death by angry husbandmen in 1222 over the bishop s aggressive means of collecting tithes Alexander II is said to have executed upwards of eighty persons as a punishment for killing the bishop and monk and the earl fled his lands 9 But according to the Melrose Chronicle Adam of Melrose was burned alive rather than boiled and Alexander II executed up to 400 for the crime against the clergy 10 nbsp Execution cauldron at Deventer Netherlands William de Soules a nobleman involved in a conspiracy against Robert the Bruce was reputed to be a sorcerer consorting with evil spirits and was boiled alive in 1321 at Ninestane Rig 11 Around 1420 Melville the sheriff of the Mearns and laird of Glenbervie who was resented for his strictness was apprehended by some other nobles and thrown into the kettle The nobles are said to have each taken a spoonful of the brew afterwards 12 Boiling as an execution method was also used for counterfeiters swindlers and coin forgers during the Middle Ages 13 In the Holy Roman Empire for example being boiled to death in oil is recorded for coin forgers and extremely grave murderers In 1392 a man was boiled alive in Nuremberg for having raped and murdered his own mother 14 Coin forgers were boiled to death in 1452 in Danzig 15 and in 1471 in Stralsund 16 Even as late as 1687 a man in Bremen was boiled to death in oil for having been of valuable help to some coin forgers who had escaped justice 17 In the Dutch town of Deventer the kettle that was used for boiling criminals to death can still be seen 18 Asia edit nbsp Execution of Ishikawa Goemon and his son In 16th century Japan the semi legendary Japanese bandit Ishikawa Goemon and his son were boiled alive in the 1590s by Toyotomi Hideyoshi 19 In 1675 a Sikh martyr called Bhai Dayala was boiled to death in Delhi after he refused to convert to Islam He was put into a cauldron full of cold water which was then heated to boiling point Sikh scriptures record that Dayala recited the Japji of Guru Nanak and the Sukhmani of Guru Arjan as he died 20 Americas edit Thomas Ewbank relates in his 1856 book Life in Brazil that he was told of an enslaved Afro Brazilian being publicly boiled to death by a plantation owner as punishment for acts of insubbordination 21 Modern times edit According to InSight Crime of the 31 000 people killed by militants of Shining Path in Peru between 1980 and 2000 some were murdered by boiling 22 The government of Uzbekistan under Islam Karimov 1991 2016 has been alleged to have boiled suspected terrorists 23 In a US Department of State document from 2004 the following is written During the year there were no developments or investigations in the following 2002 deaths in custody Mirzakomil Avazov and Khusnuddin Olimov members of Hizb ut Tahrir who were tortured to death in Jaslyk Prison in Karakalpakstan resulting in extensive bruises and burns the latter reportedly caused by immersion in boiling water 24 Former ISIS commander Abu Abboud al Raqqawi referred to ISIS s brutal execution methods among which was boiling prisoners alive in engine oil Some people were boiled alive in oil Engine oil They burned wood on a fire for an hour before throwing the victim into boiling oil It s the Tunisians who were responsible for that 25 In the 2010 documentary El Sicario Room 164 the masked sicario interviewee claims that the Mexican cartels boil in oil those found to be working for the police Depictions in Western culture editEarly reports of cannibals from places in the Pacific such as Fiji and Papua New Guinea killing Western Christian missionaries were assumed to involve some form of boiling alive 26 This became a fertile ground for film makers and especially cartoonists whose cliched depiction of tourists or missionaries sitting restrained in a large cauldron above a wood fire and surrounded by bone nosed tribesmen was a staple of popular magazines and films for decades Examples include the 1980 television miniseries Shōgun and its 2024 remake 27 the 1985 film adaptation of King Solomon s Mines 28 and the dream sequence in the film Bagdad Cafe 29 Fromental Halevy s 1835 opera La Juiveends with Rachel the title character being boiled alive in a vat of oil after her relationship with the Christian prince Leopold is discovered by antisemitic state and church authorities References edit Geoffrey Abbott Amazing True Stories of Execution Blunders pp 21 22 a b c d Andrews William 1883 07 13 Modes of execution boiling alive The Newcastle Weekly Courant p 2 Retrieved 2024 03 15 Anno 22 Henry VIII 1530 31 Chapter 9 in The Statutes of the Realm Vol 3 The Statutes of King Henry VIII By Command 1817 Reprint Dawsons of Pall Mall London 1963 p 326 Archived 2020 06 15 at the Wayback Machine HathiTrust Kesselring K J September 2001 A Draft of the 1531 Acte for Poysoning The English Historical Review Vol 116 No 468 pp 894 899 JSTOR 579196 Archived 2020 06 21 at the Wayback Machine Burke S Hubert 1870 The Men and Women of the English Reformation London United Kingdom R Washbourne p 240 Archived from the original on 2023 06 12 Retrieved 2023 03 13 nbsp One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 Boiling to Death Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 4 11th ed Cambridge University Press p 153 Newlin George 2000 Understanding Great expectations Westport Conn Greenwood Press pp 136 ISBN 978 0 313 29940 7 OCLC 41488673 Leslie Frank Frank Leslie and Ellery Sedgwick 1876 Frank Leslie s popular monthly New York Frank Leslie Pub House p 343 John Pinkerton A General Collection of the Best and Most Interesting Voyages Volume 3 London 1809 p 158 The same tradition is transmitted in The Scottish journal of topography antiquities traditions Edinburgh Stevenson and Menzies 248 1842 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Missing or empty title help Soc Diff Use Knowl 1842 p 310 in Society for Diffusion of Useful Knowledge 1842 The Biographical Dictionary London Longman Brown Green and Longmans p 310 The Complete Works of Sir Walter Scott New York 1833 p 216 The new statistical account of Scotland Volume 18 Edinburgh 1838 pp 34 35 Monter E William 2007 A bewitched duchy Lorraine and its dukes 1477 1736 Librairie Droz p 163 ISBN 978 2 600 01165 5 Mayer M M Kleine Chronik der Reichsstadt Nurnberg Mit einem Grundrisse Nuremberg 1847 p 102 Kruger J G Die begluckte und geschmuckte Stadt Lubeck 1697 p 20 von Klemptzen N Nicolaus Klemzen vom Pommer lande und dessen fursten geschlecht beschreibung Stralsund 1771 p 39 Blatter fur literarische Unterhaltung Volum 1 p 116 review of Taschenbuch fur vaterlandische Geschichte Berlin 1843 10 Top Tourist Attractions in Arnhem amp Easy Day Trips PlanetWare planetware com Archived from the original on 2011 10 29 Retrieved 2008 04 26 Botsman Daniel V 2013 10 24 Punishment and Power in the Making of Modern Japan Princeton University Press ISBN 978 1 4008 4929 1 Singha H S 2000 The encyclopedia of Sikhism Hemkunt Press p 56 ISBN 978 81 7010 301 1 Ewbank Thomas 1856 Life in Brazil New York Harper amp Brothers p 439 Shining Path InSight Crime 2017 03 27 Archived from the original on 2023 11 15 Retrieved 2020 12 04 Uzbekistan Two Brutal Deaths in Custody Hrw org Archived from the original on 29 December 2014 Retrieved 6 January 2015 Uzbekistan state gov Archived from the original on 2020 03 22 Retrieved 2019 05 25 World exclusive Commander on the run tells of the terror inside ISIS Archived from the original on 2017 10 14 Retrieved 2017 10 14 Villagers apologize for cannibal ancestors eating missionary Weird News Strange But True Stories Odd Facts Bizarre www thatsweird net Archived from the original on 2010 07 19 Retrieved 2010 07 23 Mavis Paul 2011 03 14 Shogun 30th Anniversary Edition DVDTalk Archived from the original on 2015 01 02 Retrieved 1 January 2015 Encyclopedia of Cannibal Movies K www indiefilm com Archived from the original on 2021 08 03 Retrieved 2019 11 23 Satellite Ground Systems Encyclopedia of Cannibal Movies B www indiefilm com Archived from the original on 2023 06 12 Retrieved 2010 07 23 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Execution by boiling Human Rights Watch Torture Worldwide Uzbekistan Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Death by boiling amp oldid 1225889267, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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