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Munisuvrata

August 23, 2023

Munisuvrat(Munisuvratnath) (IAST: Munisuvratanāth) (Devanagari: मुनिसुव्रतनाथ) (Sanskrit: मुनिसुव्रतः) was the twentieth tirthankara of the present half time cycle (avasarpini) in Jain cosmology. He became a siddha, a liberated soul which has destroyed all of his karma. Events of the Jaina version of Ramayana are placed at the time of Munisuvrata. Munisuvrata lived for over 30,000 years. His chief apostle (gaṇadhara) was sage Malli Svāmi.

Tirthankara Munisuvrat
Member of Tirthankar, Shalakpurush, Arihant and Siddh
Idol of Tirthankar Munisuvrat at Manilaxmi Jain temple, Gujarat
Venerated inJainism
PredecessorMallinatha
SuccessorNaminatha
SymbolTortoise[1]
Age30,000
ColorBlack
GenderMale
Personal information
Born
Rajgir
Died
Shikharji
Parents
  • KIng Sumitr(a) (father)
  • Queen Padmavati (mother)

Legends

Munisuvrata was the twentieth tirthankara of the present half time cycle (avasarpini) in Jain cosmology.[2] Jain texts like padmapurana place him as a contemporary of Rama.[3][4] According to Jain texts, Munisuvrata was born as 54 lakh years passed after the birth of the nineteenth tirthankara, Mallinātha.[5] According to Jain beliefs, Munisuvrata descended from the heaven called Ānata kalpa on the twelfth day of the bright half of the month of Āśvina – āśvina śukla dvādaśi– to queen Padmavati and king Sumitra.[6][7] On the third day of Shraavana (month) Krishna (dark fortnight) according to Hindu calendar, queen Padmavati of Rajgir saw sixteen auspicious dreams. When she shared her dreams with her husband, king Sumitra of the Harivamsa clan, he explained that a tirthankara will be born to them soon. Then, Munisuvrata was born to them on the fifteenth day of the Shraavana Shukla (bright fortnight) in 1,184,980 BC.[2][8] His height is mentioned to be 20 bows (60 metres) and complexion as a dark one.[6][9]

According to Jain texts, after spending 7,500 years as a youth, Munisuvrata is believed to have ruled his kingdom for 15,000 years (rājyakāla). He then renounced all worldly pursuits and became a monk. According to Jain beliefs, he spent 11 months performing karma-destroying austerities and then attained the all-embracing knowledge – Omniscience (kevala jñāna) under a Champaka tree.[10][6] He is said to have 18 ganadharas headed by Malli. Puspavati or Puspadatta is believed to be the head-nun of his order.[6] Samayavayanga sutra, however, names Kumbha and Amila as the head ganadhara and head nun respectively.[6]

Munisuvrata is said to have lived for over 30,000 years and attained liberation (nirvāña) from Sammeda śikhara on the twelfth day of the dark half of the month of phālguna – phālguna kṛṣna dvādaśi.[6][10] Varuna is mentioned to be his yaksha and his yakhsini is named Bahurupini in Digambara tradition and Naradatta in Svetambara tradition.[6]

Munisuvrata finds mentions in Jain texts like Uttarapurana and Tiloyapannati.[6]

Adoration

Svayambhustotra by Acharya Samantabhadra is the adoration of twenty-four tirthankaras. Its five slokas (aphorisms) adore the qualities of Munisuvrata.[11]

O Lord Munisuvratanātha! You had attained the excellent observance of the vows of the sages; you are the ascetic supreme, and utterly pristine (having destroyed the inimical karmas). You stood out in the assembly of the sages like the moon in the midst of the constellations of stars.

— Svayambhūstotra (20-1-111)[12]

An idol of Munisuvrata was installed in 127 AD or 157 AD in the Devanirmita stupa, Mathura.[6]

Iconography

Munisuvrata is usually depicted in a sitting (or standing) meditative pose, with a tortoise symbol beneath him;[13] each tīrthankara has a distinct emblem, which allows worshippers to distinguish similar idols.[14] Jivantasvami represents Munisuvrata as a princely state. The Jina is represented as standing in the kayotsarga pose wearing crown and ornaments.[15]

Colossal statues

  1. Statue of Purity is a 151 feet (46 m) statue dedicated to Munisuvrata under construction in Bhora Kalan, Haryana.[16]
  2. A 54 feet (16 m) black stone statue of Munisuvrata was installed in Jainaragutti near Adagur in the state of Karnataka.[17]
  3. A 27 feet (8.2 m) idolf of Munisuvrata is installed near the Shantinath Jain Teerth, Maharashtra.
  •  

    State Museum Bhopal, 6th century

  •  

    Image of Munisuvratanatha (Jahazpur district, Bhilwara)

  •  

    12th Century (1153 AD), hasteda, Rajasthan

  •  

    Munisuvrata, 1466 CE, Western India, National Museum, New Delhi

Main Temples

  •  

    Chaturmukha Basadi

  •  

    Shri Munisuvrata-Nemi-Parshva Jinalaya at Santhu

  •  

    Naulakha Mandir, Rajgir

  •  

    Hasteda, Jain temple

See also

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Munisuvrata.

References

Citations

  1. ^ Tandon 2002, p. 45.
  2. ^ a b Tukol 1980, p. 31.
  3. ^ Natubhai Shah 2004, pp. 21–23.
  4. ^ Zvelebil 1992, p. 65.
  5. ^ Vijay K. Jain 2015, p. 203.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i Umakant P. Shah 1987, p. 161.
  7. ^ Vijay K. Jain 2015, p. 203-204.
  8. ^ Zimmer 1953, p. 226.
  9. ^ Sarasvati 1970, p. 444.
  10. ^ a b Vijay K. Jain 2015, p. 204.
  11. ^ Vijay K. Jain 2015, p. 138-142.
  12. ^ Vijay K. Jain 2015, p. 138.
  13. ^ Umakant P. Shah 1987, p. 162.
  14. ^ Zimmer 1953, p. 225.
  15. ^ Umakant P. Shah 1987, p. 163.
  16. ^ "हरियाणा में बनेगी मुनिसुव्रत भगवान की 151 फीट ऊंची अष्टधातु की प्रतिमा". Dainik Bhaskar (in Hindi). Retrieved 30 December 2020.
  17. ^ "A new Jain pilgrim centre". The Hindu. 19 June 2022.
  18. ^ Sandhya, C D’Souza (19 November 2010), "Chaturmukha Basadi: Four doors to divinity Last updated", Deccan Herald

Sources

August 23, 2023
munisuvrata, munisuvrat, munisuvratnath, iast, nāth, devanagari, रतन, sanskrit, रत, twentieth, tirthankara, present, half, time, cycle, avasarpini, jain, cosmology, became, siddha, liberated, soul, which, destroyed, karma, events, jaina, version, ramayana, pla. Munisuvrat Munisuvratnath IAST Munisuvratanath Devanagari म न स व रतन थ Sanskrit म न स व रत was the twentieth tirthankara of the present half time cycle avasarpini in Jain cosmology He became a siddha a liberated soul which has destroyed all of his karma Events of the Jaina version of Ramayana are placed at the time of Munisuvrata Munisuvrata lived for over 30 000 years His chief apostle gaṇadhara was sage Malli Svami Tirthankara Munisuvrat20th TirthankaraMember of Tirthankar Shalakpurush Arihant and SiddhIdol of Tirthankar Munisuvrat at Manilaxmi Jain temple GujaratVenerated inJainismPredecessorMallinathaSuccessorNaminathaSymbolTortoise 1 Age30 000ColorBlackGenderMalePersonal informationBornRajgirDiedShikharjiParentsKIng Sumitr a father Queen Padmavati mother Contents 1 Legends 2 Adoration 3 Iconography 3 1 Colossal statues 4 Main Temples 5 See also 6 References 6 1 Citations 6 2 SourcesLegends EditMunisuvrata was the twentieth tirthankara of the present half time cycle avasarpini in Jain cosmology 2 Jain texts like padmapurana place him as a contemporary of Rama 3 4 According to Jain texts Munisuvrata was born as 54 lakh years passed after the birth of the nineteenth tirthankara Mallinatha 5 According to Jain beliefs Munisuvrata descended from the heaven called Anata kalpa on the twelfth day of the bright half of the month of Asvina asvina sukla dvadasi to queen Padmavati and king Sumitra 6 7 On the third day of Shraavana month Krishna dark fortnight according to Hindu calendar queen Padmavati of Rajgir saw sixteen auspicious dreams When she shared her dreams with her husband king Sumitra of the Harivamsa clan he explained that a tirthankara will be born to them soon Then Munisuvrata was born to them on the fifteenth day of the Shraavana Shukla bright fortnight in 1 184 980 BC 2 8 His height is mentioned to be 20 bows 60 metres and complexion as a dark one 6 9 According to Jain texts after spending 7 500 years as a youth Munisuvrata is believed to have ruled his kingdom for 15 000 years rajyakala He then renounced all worldly pursuits and became a monk According to Jain beliefs he spent 11 months performing karma destroying austerities and then attained the all embracing knowledge Omniscience kevala jnana under a Champaka tree 10 6 He is said to have 18 ganadharas headed by Malli Puspavati or Puspadatta is believed to be the head nun of his order 6 Samayavayanga sutra however names Kumbha and Amila as the head ganadhara and head nun respectively 6 Munisuvrata is said to have lived for over 30 000 years and attained liberation nirvana from Sammeda sikhara on the twelfth day of the dark half of the month of phalguna phalguna kṛṣna dvadasi 6 10 Varuna is mentioned to be his yaksha and his yakhsini is named Bahurupini in Digambara tradition and Naradatta in Svetambara tradition 6 Munisuvrata finds mentions in Jain texts like Uttarapurana and Tiloyapannati 6 Adoration EditSvayambhustotra by Acharya Samantabhadra is the adoration of twenty four tirthankaras Its five slokas aphorisms adore the qualities of Munisuvrata 11 O Lord Munisuvratanatha You had attained the excellent observance of the vows of the sages you are the ascetic supreme and utterly pristine having destroyed the inimical karmas You stood out in the assembly of the sages like the moon in the midst of the constellations of stars Svayambhustotra 20 1 111 12 An idol of Munisuvrata was installed in 127 AD or 157 AD in the Devanirmita stupa Mathura 6 Iconography EditMunisuvrata is usually depicted in a sitting or standing meditative pose with a tortoise symbol beneath him 13 each tirthankara has a distinct emblem which allows worshippers to distinguish similar idols 14 Jivantasvami represents Munisuvrata as a princely state The Jina is represented as standing in the kayotsarga pose wearing crown and ornaments 15 Colossal statues Edit Statue of Purity is a 151 feet 46 m statue dedicated to Munisuvrata under construction in Bhora Kalan Haryana 16 A 54 feet 16 m black stone statue of Munisuvrata was installed in Jainaragutti near Adagur in the state of Karnataka 17 A 27 feet 8 2 m idolf of Munisuvrata is installed near the Shantinath Jain Teerth Maharashtra State Museum Bhopal 6th century Image of Munisuvratanatha Jahazpur district Bhilwara 12th Century 1153 AD hasteda Rajasthan Munisuvrata 1466 CE Western India National Museum New DelhiMain Temples EditChaturmukha Basadi is a famous Jain temple located at Karkala in the Indian state of Karnataka The temple is dedicated to Tirthankara Aranatha Mallinatha and Munisuvrata 18 Shri Munisuvrata Nemi Parshva Jinalaya located at Santhu Rajasthan Paithan Jain Tirth Keshoraipatan Jain temple Shri 1008 Munisuvratnath Digambar Jain Atishay Kshetra SwastiDham Chaturmukha Basadi Shri Munisuvrata Nemi Parshva Jinalaya at Santhu Naulakha Mandir Rajgir Hasteda Jain templeSee also Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Munisuvrata God in Jainism Arihant Jainism Jainism and non creationismReferences EditCitations Edit Tandon 2002 p 45 a b Tukol 1980 p 31 Natubhai Shah 2004 pp 21 23 Zvelebil 1992 p 65 Vijay K Jain 2015 p 203 a b c d e f g h i Umakant P Shah 1987 p 161 Vijay K Jain 2015 p 203 204 Zimmer 1953 p 226 Sarasvati 1970 p 444 a b Vijay K Jain 2015 p 204 Vijay K Jain 2015 p 138 142 Vijay K Jain 2015 p 138 Umakant P Shah 1987 p 162 Zimmer 1953 p 225 Umakant P Shah 1987 p 163 हर य ण म बन ग म न स व रत भगव न क 151 फ ट ऊ च अष टध त क प रत म Dainik Bhaskar in Hindi Retrieved 30 December 2020 A new Jain pilgrim centre The Hindu 19 June 2022 Sandhya C D Souza 19 November 2010 Chaturmukha Basadi Four doors to divinity Last updated Deccan Herald Sources Edit Jain Vijay K 2015 Acarya Samantabhadra s Svayambhustotra Adoration of The Twenty four Tirthankara Vikalp Printers ISBN 978 81 903639 7 6 archived from the original on 16 September 2015 This article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain Sarasvati Swami Dayananda 1970 An English translation of the Satyarth Prakash Swami Dayananda Sarasvati permanent dead link Shah Natubhai 2004 First published in 1998 Jainism The World of Conquerors vol I Motilal Banarsidass ISBN 81 208 1938 1 Shah Umakant Premanand 1987 Jaina rupa maṇḍana Jaina iconography Abhinav Publications ISBN 978 81 7017 208 6 Tandon Om Prakash 2002 1968 Jaina Shrines in India 1 ed New Delhi Publications Division Ministry of Information and Broadcasting Government of India ISBN 81 230 1013 3 Tukol T K 1980 Compendium of Jainism Dharwad University of Karnataka Zimmer Heinrich 1953 April 1952 Campbell Joseph ed Philosophies Of India London Routledge amp Kegan Paul Ltd ISBN 978 81 208 0739 6 Zvelebil Kamil 1992 Companion Studies to the History of Tamil Literature Netherlands ISBN 90 04 09365 6 a href Template Citation html title Template Citation citation a CS1 maint location missing publisher link Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Munisuvrata amp oldid 1169884681, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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