Isogloss definition of Rheinmaasländisch by Arend MihmGeographical position of the Meuse-Rhenish dialects
As a dialectological term, it was introduced by the German linguist Arend Mihm in 1992 to denote a group of Low Franconian dialects spoken in the greater Meuse-Rhine area, which stretches in the northern triangle roughly between the rivers Meuse (in Belgium and the Netherlands) and Rhine (in Germany). It is subdivided into North Meuse-Rhenish and South Meuse-Rhenish dialects (nordrheinmaasländische (kleverländische) und südrheinmaasländische Mundarten).[1] It includes varieties of South Guelderish (Dutch: Zuid-Gelders) and Limburgish in the Belgian and Dutch provinces of Limburg, and their German counterparts in German Northern Rhineland.
In literary studies, Meuse-Rhenish (German: Rheinmaasländisch, Dutch: Rijn-Maaslands or rarely Maas-Rijnlands, French: francique rhéno-mosan) is as well the modern term for literature written in the Middle Ages in the greater Meuse-Rhine area, in a literary language that is nowadays usually called Middle Dutch.
Low Rhenish (German: Niederrheinisch, Dutch: Nederrijns) is the collective name in German for the regional Low Franconian language varieties spoken alongside the so-called Lower Rhine in the west of Germany. Low Franconian is a language or dialect group that has developed in the lower parts of the Frankish Empire, northwest of the Benrath line. From this group both the Dutch and later the Afrikaans standard languages have arisen. The differences between Low Rhenish and Low Saxon are smaller than between Low Rhenish and High German. Yet, Low Rhenish does not belong to Low German, but to Low Franconian.
Today, Low Franconian dialects are spoken mainly in regions to the west of the rivers Rhine and IJssel in the Netherlands, in the Dutch speaking part of Belgium, but also in Germany in the Lower Rhine area. Only the latter have traditionally been called Low Rhenish, but they can be regarded as the German extension or counterpart of the Limburgishdialects in the Netherlands and Belgium, and of Zuid-Gelders (South Guelderish) in the Netherlands.
Low Rhenish differs strongly from High German. The more to the north it approaches the Netherlands, the more it sounds like Dutch. As it crosses the Dutch-German as well as the Dutch-Belgian borders, it becomes a part of the language landscape in three neighbouring countries. In two of them Dutch is the standard language. In Germany, important towns on the Lower Rhine and in the Rhine-Ruhr area, including parts of the Düsseldorf Region, are part of it, among them Kleve, Xanten, Wesel, Moers, Essen, Duisburg, Düsseldorf, Oberhausen and Wuppertal. This language area stretches towards the southwest along cities such as Neuss, Krefeld and Mönchengladbach, and the Heinsberg district, crosses the German-Dutch border into the Dutch province of Limburg, where it is called Limburgish, passing cities east of the Meuse river (in both Dutch and German called Maas) such as Venlo, Roermond and Geleen, and then again crosses the Meuse between the Dutch and Belgian provinces of Limburg, encompassing the cities of Maastricht (NL) and Hasselt (B). Thus a mainly political-geographic (not linguistic) division can be made into western (Dutch) South Guelderish and Limburgish at the west side, and eastern (German) Low Rhenish at the east side of the border. The eastmost varieties of the latter, east of the Rhine from Düsseldorf to Wuppertal, are also referred to as "Bergish" (after the former Duchy of Berg).
This whole region between the Meuse and the Rhine was linguistically and culturally quite coherent during the so-called early modern period (1543–1789), though politically more fragmented. The former predominantly Dutch speaking duchies of Guelders and Limburg lay in the heart of this linguistic landscape, but eastward the former duchies of Cleves (entirely), Jülich, and Berg partially, also fit in. The northwestern part of this triangular area came under the influence of the Dutch standard language, especially since the founding of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands in 1815. The southeastern part became a part of the Kingdom of Prussia at the same time, and from then it was subject to High German language domination. At the dialectal level however, mutual understanding is still possible far beyond both sides of the national borders.
By including Zuid-Gelders-Kleverlandish in this continuum, we are enlarging the territory and turn the wide circle of Limburgish into a triangle with its top along the line Arnhem – Kleve – Wesel – Duisburg – Wuppertal (along the Rhine-IJssel Line). The Diest-Nijmegen Line is its western border, the Benrath line (from Eupen to Wuppertal) is a major part of the southeastern one.
Within the Dutch speaking area, the Western continuance of Low Rhenish is divided into Limburgish and Zuid-Gelders. Together they belong to the greater triangle-shaped Meuse-Rhine area, a large group of southeastern Low Franconian dialects, including areas in Belgium, the Netherlands and the German Northern Rhineland.
Georg Cornelissen 2003: Kleine niederrheinische Sprachgeschichte (1300–1900) : eine regionale Sprachgeschichte für das deutsch-niederländische Grenzgebiet zwischen Arnheim und Krefeld [with an introduction in Dutch]. Geldern / Venray: Stichting Historie Peel-Maas-Niersgebied, ISBN90-807292-2-1] (in German)
Michael Elmentaler, Die Schreibsprachgeschichte des Niederrheins. Ein Forschungsprojekt der Duisburger Universität, in: Sprache und Literatur am Niederrhein, Schriftenreihe der Niederrhein-Akademie Bd. 3, 1998, p. 15–34.
Theodor Frings 1916 & 1917: Mittelfränkisch-niederfränkische studien.
II. Zur geschichte des niederfränkischen, in: Beiträge zur Geschichte der deutschen Sprache und Literatur, 42 (1917), p. 177–248.
Irmgard Hantsche 2004: Atlas zur Geschichte des Niederrheins (= Schriftenreihe der Niederrhein-Akademie 4). Bottrop/Essen: Peter Pomp (5th ed.). ISBN3-89355-200-6
Uwe Ludwig, Thomas Schilp (eds.) 2004: Mittelalter an Rhein und Maas. Beiträge zur Geschichte des Niederrheins. Dieter Geuenich zum 60. Geburtstag (= Studien zur Geschichte und Kultur Nordwesteuropas 8, edited by Horst Lademacher). Münster/New York/München/Berlin: Waxmann. ISBN3-8309-1380-X
Arend Mihm 1992: Sprache und Geschichte am unteren Niederrhein, in: Jahrbuch des Vereins für niederdeutsche Sprachforschung, 88–122.
Arend Mihm 2000: Rheinmaasländische Sprachgeschichte von 1500 bis 1650, in: Jürgen Macha, Elmar Neuss, Robert Peters (eds.): Rheinisch-Westfälische Sprachgeschichte. Köln enz. (= Niederdeutsche Studien 46), 139–164.
Helmut Tervooren 2005: Van der Masen tot op den Rijn. Ein Handbuch zur Geschichte der volkssprachlichen mittelalterlichen Literatur im Raum von Rhein und Maas. Geldern: Erich Schmidt. ISBN3-503-07958-0
^Michael Elmentaler, Anja Voeste, Areale Variation im Deutschen historisch: Mittelalter und Frühe Neuzeit, with the subchapter Rheinmaasländisch (Niederfränkisch). In: Sprache und Raum: Ein internationales Handbuch der Sprachvariation. Band 4: Deutsch. Herausgegeben von Joachim Herrgen, Jürgen Erich Schmidt. Unter Mitarbeit von Hanna Fischer und Birgitte Ganswindt. Volume 30.4 of Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft (Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science / Manuels de linguistique et des sciences de communication) (HSK). Walter de Gruyter, Berlin/Boston, 2019, p. 61ff., subchater p. 70f., here p. 70
October 29, 2023
meuse, rhenish, this, article, multiple, issues, please, help, improve, discuss, these, issues, talk, page, learn, when, remove, these, template, messages, this, article, require, cleanup, meet, wikipedia, quality, standards, cleanup, reason, been, specified, . This article has multiple issues Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page Learn how and when to remove these template messages This article may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia s quality standards No cleanup reason has been specified Please help improve this article if you can July 2010 Learn how and when to remove this template message This article includes a list of references related reading or external links but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations May 2022 Learn how and when to remove this template message Learn how and when to remove this template message In linguistics Meuse Rhenish German Rheinmaaslandisch Rhml is a term with several meanings used both in literary criticism and dialectology Isogloss definition of Rheinmaaslandisch by Arend MihmGeographical position of the Meuse Rhenish dialectsAs a dialectological term it was introduced by the German linguist Arend Mihm in 1992 to denote a group of Low Franconian dialects spoken in the greater Meuse Rhine area which stretches in the northern triangle roughly between the rivers Meuse in Belgium and the Netherlands and Rhine in Germany It is subdivided into North Meuse Rhenish and South Meuse Rhenish dialects nordrheinmaaslandische kleverlandische und sudrheinmaaslandische Mundarten 1 It includes varieties of South Guelderish Dutch Zuid Gelders and Limburgish in the Belgian and Dutch provinces of Limburg and their German counterparts in German Northern Rhineland In literary studies Meuse Rhenish German Rheinmaaslandisch Dutch Rijn Maaslands or rarely Maas Rijnlands French francique rheno mosan is as well the modern term for literature written in the Middle Ages in the greater Meuse Rhine area in a literary language that is nowadays usually called Middle Dutch Contents 1 Low Rhenish and Limburgish 2 The Meuse Rhine triangle 3 Classification 4 Literature 5 See also 6 ReferencesLow Rhenish and Limburgish editThis section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed February 2023 Learn how and when to remove this template message nbsp The German Lower Rhine regionLow Rhenish German Niederrheinisch Dutch Nederrijns is the collective name in German for the regional Low Franconian language varieties spoken alongside the so called Lower Rhine in the west of Germany Low Franconian is a language or dialect group that has developed in the lower parts of the Frankish Empire northwest of the Benrath line From this group both the Dutch and later the Afrikaans standard languages have arisen The differences between Low Rhenish and Low Saxon are smaller than between Low Rhenish and High German Yet Low Rhenish does not belong to Low German but to Low Franconian Today Low Franconian dialects are spoken mainly in regions to the west of the rivers Rhine and IJssel in the Netherlands in the Dutch speaking part of Belgium but also in Germany in the Lower Rhine area Only the latter have traditionally been called Low Rhenish but they can be regarded as the German extension or counterpart of the Limburgish dialects in the Netherlands and Belgium and of Zuid Gelders South Guelderish in the Netherlands Low Rhenish differs strongly from High German The more to the north it approaches the Netherlands the more it sounds like Dutch As it crosses the Dutch German as well as the Dutch Belgian borders it becomes a part of the language landscape in three neighbouring countries In two of them Dutch is the standard language In Germany important towns on the Lower Rhine and in the Rhine Ruhr area including parts of the Dusseldorf Region are part of it among them Kleve Xanten Wesel Moers Essen Duisburg Dusseldorf Oberhausen and Wuppertal This language area stretches towards the southwest along cities such as Neuss Krefeld and Monchengladbach and the Heinsberg district crosses the German Dutch border into the Dutch province of Limburg where it is called Limburgish passing cities east of the Meuse river in both Dutch and German called Maas such as Venlo Roermond and Geleen and then again crosses the Meuse between the Dutch and Belgian provinces of Limburg encompassing the cities of Maastricht NL and Hasselt B Thus a mainly political geographic not linguistic division can be made into western Dutch South Guelderish and Limburgish at the west side and eastern German Low Rhenish at the east side of the border The eastmost varieties of the latter east of the Rhine from Dusseldorf to Wuppertal are also referred to as Bergish after the former Duchy of Berg The Meuse Rhine triangle editThis section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed February 2023 Learn how and when to remove this template message This whole region between the Meuse and the Rhine was linguistically and culturally quite coherent during the so called early modern period 1543 1789 though politically more fragmented The former predominantly Dutch speaking duchies of Guelders and Limburg lay in the heart of this linguistic landscape but eastward the former duchies of Cleves entirely Julich and Berg partially also fit in The northwestern part of this triangular area came under the influence of the Dutch standard language especially since the founding of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands in 1815 The southeastern part became a part of the Kingdom of Prussia at the same time and from then it was subject to High German language domination At the dialectal level however mutual understanding is still possible far beyond both sides of the national borders By including Zuid Gelders Kleverlandish in this continuum we are enlarging the territory and turn the wide circle of Limburgish into a triangle with its top along the line Arnhem Kleve Wesel Duisburg Wuppertal along the Rhine IJssel Line The Diest Nijmegen Line is its western border the Benrath line from Eupen to Wuppertal is a major part of the southeastern one Within the Dutch speaking area the Western continuance of Low Rhenish is divided into Limburgish and Zuid Gelders Together they belong to the greater triangle shaped Meuse Rhine area a large group of southeastern Low Franconian dialects including areas in Belgium the Netherlands and the German Northern Rhineland Classification editThis section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed February 2023 Learn how and when to remove this template message Indo European Germanic West Germanic Low Franconian Meuse Rhenish Limburgish and Zuid Gelders Low RhenishLiterature editGeorg Cornelissen 2003 Kleine niederrheinische Sprachgeschichte 1300 1900 eine regionale Sprachgeschichte fur das deutsch niederlandische Grenzgebiet zwischen Arnheim und Krefeld with an introduction in Dutch Geldern Venray Stichting Historie Peel Maas Niersgebied ISBN 90 807292 2 1 in German Michael Elmentaler Die Schreibsprachgeschichte des Niederrheins Ein Forschungsprojekt der Duisburger Universitat in Sprache und Literatur am Niederrhein Schriftenreihe der Niederrhein Akademie Bd 3 1998 p 15 34 Theodor Frings 1916 amp 1917 Mittelfrankisch niederfrankische studien I Das ripuarisch niederfrankische ubergangsgebiet in Beitrage zur Geschichte der deutschen Sprache und Literatur 41 1916 p 193 271 II Zur geschichte des niederfrankischen in Beitrage zur Geschichte der deutschen Sprache und Literatur 42 1917 p 177 248 Irmgard Hantsche 2004 Atlas zur Geschichte des Niederrheins Schriftenreihe der Niederrhein Akademie 4 Bottrop Essen Peter Pomp 5th ed ISBN 3 89355 200 6 Uwe Ludwig Thomas Schilp eds 2004 Mittelalter an Rhein und Maas Beitrage zur Geschichte des Niederrheins Dieter Geuenich zum 60 Geburtstag Studien zur Geschichte und Kultur Nordwesteuropas 8 edited by Horst Lademacher Munster New York Munchen Berlin Waxmann ISBN 3 8309 1380 X Arend Mihm 1992 Sprache und Geschichte am unteren Niederrhein in Jahrbuch des Vereins fur niederdeutsche Sprachforschung 88 122 Arend Mihm 2000 Rheinmaaslandische Sprachgeschichte von 1500 bis 1650 in Jurgen Macha Elmar Neuss Robert Peters eds Rheinisch Westfalische Sprachgeschichte Koln enz Niederdeutsche Studien 46 139 164 Helmut Tervooren 2005 Van der Masen tot op den Rijn Ein Handbuch zur Geschichte der volkssprachlichen mittelalterlichen Literatur im Raum von Rhein und Maas Geldern Erich Schmidt ISBN 3 503 07958 0See also editMoselle FranconianReferences edit Michael Elmentaler Anja Voeste Areale Variation im Deutschen historisch Mittelalter und Fruhe Neuzeit with the subchapter Rheinmaaslandisch Niederfrankisch In Sprache und Raum Ein internationales Handbuch der Sprachvariation Band 4 Deutsch Herausgegeben von Joachim Herrgen Jurgen Erich Schmidt Unter Mitarbeit von Hanna Fischer und Birgitte Ganswindt Volume 30 4 of Handbucher zur Sprach und Kommunikationswissenschaft Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science Manuels de linguistique et des sciences de communication HSK Walter de Gruyter Berlin Boston 2019 p 61ff subchater p 70f here p 70 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Meuse Rhenish amp oldid 1181505850, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
