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Malayalam softcore pornography

February 11, 2024

Malayalam softcore pornography was a popular genre of softcore pornography produced in the Indian state of Kerala in the Malayalam language. Popularly known as Mallu porn films or B-grade films, they are mostly recognized as low-quality films with fairly low budgets. They emerged alongside mainstream Malayalam cinema of Kerala in the 1980s.

Malayalam softcore pornography
Years activec. 1985 – c. 2005
CountryIndia
Major figuresAbhilasha (actress)
Silk Smitha
Shakeela
Reshma (B-grade actress)
P. Chandrakumar
InfluencesAdipapam
Kinnara Thumbikal

Adipapam (1988) is regarded as the first successful Malayalam film with softcore nudity, and it is considered to have started the trend of softcore films in Malayalam.[1] Despite facing a temporary decline in the 1990s, the genre's popularity grew after the successful release of Kinnara Thumbikal (2000), which starred Shakeela. This period was termed the Shakeela tharangam (Shakeela wave). There is a general consensus that the films, which critics called vulgar and crude, were the backbone of the Malayalam film industry during its worst period. In 2001, around 64% of the total films produced in Malayalam were of the soft porn variety.[2] Influenced by the rise of the internet in India, the genre then began to decline.[3]

While the films have sexually provocative themes and some nudity, many film historians do not consider them to be blatantly explicit or simply pornographic.[4] To evade the Central Board of Film Certification, certain scenes were shot separately and not shown to the board. Many theatre owners and distributors illegally inserted nudity from foreign films or hardcore pornography into the films.[5]

Characteristics edit

Although Malayalam softcore pornographic films had sexually suggestive plots, film historians do not consider them overtly explicit or simply pornographic.[4]

Portrayal of women edit

In mainstream Indian movies, the hero (male lead) is normally central to the plot. Malayalam softcore pornographic films presented their heroines at the center. Female leads often portrayed unfaithful wives, women with a busy sex life, or "everyday" women. In Malayalam B-grade films, male roles were functionally supplementary, with the heroine and her sexuality emphasized.[6] Women in the films are stereotypically at least 25 years old and in desperate need of sexual intimacy. Heroines are often dressed in scanty clothes that exposed midriffs and cleavage.[7] Malayalam and Tamil actress Revathi criticised the concept of B-grade films, saying: "Why are we so obsessed with women’s bodies anyway? When we talk about sexism, we keep talking about the same things. What we need is gender sensitization of everyone involved with the film industry".[6]

Actors edit

Several actresses launched their career through the Malayalam softcore pornographic films, including Abhilasha, who is considered one of the forerunners of this genre.[8] Silk Smitha, who had gained success with dance numbers in the early 1980s, also became an integral part of the industry.[9] Many actresses and actors who gained success in other genres also acted in several B-grade films that were not explicit compared to the normal softcore genre.[10] These actors became well known within the genre, and included Prameela, Unni Mary, Disco Shanti, Anuradha, Madhuri, Jyothilakshmi, Kuyili, T. G. Ravi and Ratheesh.[11]

Shakeela, who was prolific in the early 2000s, is commonly considered the quintessential star of the softcore genre.[12] Reshma and Maria were also prominent. Maria transitioned to the genre after acting in mainstream Malayalam films such as Nirnayam, Pallavoor Devanarayanan, Megham and Chandranudikkunna Dikkil. In the early 2000s, the genre also featured actresses such as Sindhu, Rajini, Devika, Roshni, Sharmili and Alphonsa.[13][14]

History edit

Roots and early years edit

In the 1970s, Malayalam films that explore themes surrounding sexuality started emerging. The 1972 Malayalam film Punarjanmam (Reincarnation) is considered to be the first erotic psychic thriller in Indian film history.[15] The film involves a man who is unable to have sex with his wife because she appears to him as his mother each time they attempt to consummate their relationship. In 1978, Avalude Ravukal was released. Avalude Ravugal, directed by I. V. Sasi, is about an adolescent sex worker.[16][17] It was the first Malayalam film to get an A certification, classifying it as fit for adults only. It was highly successful and was dubbed in Tamil and Hindi. The film was considered pornographic when it was released.[16] Also in 1978, Rathinirvedham was released. The film is about a teenage boy who is sexually attracted to an older woman. It is considered a landmark film in Malayalam cinematic history. Some film analysts said that the influx of Malayalam softcore porn films during the next several years began after the release of Rathinirvedham.[18][19]

Rise and peak edit

From the mid-1980s, production of softcore porn gradually increased. An increase in VCRs and TVs contributed to the growth of the genre. In 1985, director Crossbelt Mani made the film Ottayan. The film, which featured a rape and revenge storyline, was distributed in Kerala's main theatres. In Ottayan, the heroine's blouse is pulled off during a six-minute rape scene and the villain massages her breasts. The film, which cost ₹1 million to make, made ₹1.2 million in two weeks until the censor board banned it.[5] Dhoomam (1985) director Chandrasekharan Thampi originally planned to make the film a black-and-white art film, but it was shelved due to financial difficulties. Later, he inserted additional sex scenes and released the movie through his own firm, distributing it only in isolated towns and villages; the film became popular due to word-of-mouth promotion.[5] K.S. Gopalakrishnan then made the 1986 films Pidikitapulli and Karinagam, which featured several sex scenes and nudity that were not shown to the censor board. The sex scenes were absent when the censor board confiscated a print of Pidikitapulli, but present when it played in a suburban Trivandrum theatre two weeks later.[2] At that time, K. V. Gangadharan, president of the Kerala film chamber and producer of the mainstream Malayalam film Vartha (1986), said that "super-hit family dramas in the cities are flopping in rural areas because the average male cine-goer in these areas is lured by these soft-porn films with inserted sex scenes."[5] Following the ban, producers and distributors of soft porn films relocated from cities to the countryside. Students from Trivandrum made daily visits to Guruvayoor or Attingal to see soft-porn films. In 1986, roughly 14 of about 32 films released had sex or nude scenes that were shot separately and were inserted into the film for screening in rural areas only after the rest of it had been shown to the censor board.[5] These reels were known as Thund (Bits) and popularising the term Bit/Piece padam (Bit film).[5]

In 1988, Adipapam was released. It is regarded as the first successful Malayalam film with softcore nudity. It was a big success at the box office, grossing ₹25 million against a budget of ₹750,000. The film's director, Chandrakumar, went on to direct eight more softcore films. The leading actress, Abhilasha, became the most sought-after B-grade actress of that time. The success of Adipapam inspired a series of similar productions in the next few years.[20] The 1989 film Layanam, starring Silk Smitha in the lead role, was also a big success at box office. Twelve years after its release, it was remade in Hindi as Reshma Ki Jawani.[21] Film historian Rajakrishnan said, "The boom of softcore pornographic films was fuelled by a lenient Madras Censor Board. When they were barred from censoring Malayalam films, they dried up".[22]

Temporary decline in the 1990s edit

Most of the softcore films that released after Layanam had a similar storyline with many of them having a weak screenplay. When family-friendly and comedy films became more popular in the Malayalam cinema industry, there was a temporary decline in the softcore industry. This caused a reduction in the rate of production of softcore films. Only a few of them were successful at the box office.[23]

The Shakeela wave edit

With the continued failure of comedy films and early-2000s theater strikes in Kerala, there was a comeback of B-grade films in Malayalam. By 2000, a majority of the Malayalam films were of soft porn genre.[24] In March 2000, Kinnarathumbikal, a low budget softcore pornographic film starring Shakeela, was released. It was a major commercial success, grossing ₹40 million at the box office against a budget of ₹1.2 million. The film was dubbed in more than six languages.[25] The success of Kinnarathumbikal triggered a series of similar low-budget softcore pornographic films produced in Malayalam.[26] There was also an increase in Malayalam softcore pornographic films starring Shakeela, leading to the Shakeela wave (Shakeela tharangam). Around 57 of the total 89 films released in 2001 belonged to the soft-porn category and Shakeela featured in many of them.[27]

During the Shakeela wave, many of her old films were re-released, including Telugu and Tamil films. At one time, posters with Shakeela's half-naked body, a single name and a large "adults only" emblem were widespread in Kerala.[28] According to film scholar Darshana Sreedhar Mini, during the Malayalam film industry crisis of the early 2000s, the success of Shakeela films became critical to the industry's survival because her presence insured revenues and, hence, the survival of film employees.[4] Shakeela became well known throughout the country as the pan-Indian face of soft-porn. Many of her films were well-known outside of Kerala and were dubbed into other languages. With lower production costs and poorer quality than mainstream films, Malayalam B-grade films dominated a significant portion of the market, with considerable production.[4] Many theatres, which faced shutdown, survived only because of the arrival and acceptance of such B-grade films and the market was flooded with many B-grade films.[4]

Actresses such as Reshma, Maria, Sindhu and Alphonsa, who arose with or after Shakeela, became an integral part of the industry. Shakeela's 2001 film Rakshasarajni was considered successful, especially as it competed against Raavanaprabhu and Rakshasa Rajavu, which were larger films.[29]

Decline and end edit

The rise of the internet negatively affected the Malayalam softcore porn industry, as freely-available online images and videos became more popular than video cassettes.[30] The directors of Malayam softcore pornographic films did not try to bring new actresses into the field, and the production of such films slowly stopped.[31] The state censor board also took measures to "curb the spread" of erotic films.[32] Between 2005 and 2007, the release of B-grade was limited.[32] Some producers attempted to revive the genre between 2007 and 2010, but their films did not perform well.[32]

Aftermath edit

While the Malayalam film industry no longer produces softcore pornographic films, video clips and images from the older films are still major earners for porn websites in India.[23] Mallu aunty is a term commonly used on porn websites.[33] The Malayalam heroine has been referenced in popular erotic comics that portray married female characters as the targets of sexual fantasies, such as Savita Bhabhi and Velamma.[33] In August 2022, Yessma, an OTT streaming platform for adult content, was launched.[34]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ "Mudhal Paavam". The Indian Express. 9 December 1988. p. 5. Retrieved 4 December 2018.
  2. ^ a b Mini, Darshana Sreedhar (2016). "The Spectral Duration of Malayalam Soft-porn: Disappearance, Desire, and Haunting". BioScope: South Asian Screen Studies. 7 (2): 127–150. doi:10.1177/0974927616667971. ISSN 0974-9276. S2CID 193768554. from the original on 27 December 2022. Retrieved 22 September 2023.
  3. ^ Menon, Vishal (16 May 2020). "Shakeela, Superstardom And A Softporn Wave That Threatened The Survival Of Malayalam Cinema". www.filmcompanion.in. from the original on 28 September 2022. Retrieved 5 October 2023.
  4. ^ a b c d e Mini, Darshana Sreedhar (1 April 2019). "The Rise of Soft Porn in Malayalam Cinema and the Precarious Stardom of Shakeela". Feminist Media Histories. 5 (2): 49–82. doi:10.1525/fmh.2019.5.2.49. S2CID 181897151. from the original on 18 July 2020. Retrieved 5 October 2023.
  5. ^ a b c d e f "Soft-porn boom hits commercial cinema in Kerala like a bolt from the blue". India Today. from the original on 5 October 2023. Retrieved 5 October 2023.
  6. ^ a b Sarkar, Urbee (5 October 2018). "[VoxSpace Selects] The Sex Quotient : Women In The South Indian Soft Porn Industry". VoxSpace. from the original on 17 October 2018. Retrieved 5 October 2023.
  7. ^ Pillai, Meena T. (2010). Women in Malayalam Cinema: Naturalising Gender Hierarchies. Orient BlackSwan. ISBN 978-81-250-3865-8.
  8. ^ "Former sleaze queen's smart move". Bangalore Mirror. 9 March 2009. from the original on 7 October 2023. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
  9. ^ "Remembering India's evergreen sex symbol Silk Smitha on her 62nd birth anniversary". India Today. from the original on 19 February 2023. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
  10. ^ Mannanur, Sunil (4 November 2019). "ബി ഗ്രേഡ്‌ സിനിമകളും ചില കാണാക്കാഴ്ചകളും– Part 2 | PravasiExpress". from the original on 20 March 2023. Retrieved 5 October 2023.
  11. ^ "തമ്പുരാട്ടിയിലെ ഗ്ലാമര്‍ രംഗം സ്‌ക്രീനില്‍ തെളിഞ്ഞപ്പോള്‍ ഞാന്‍ തലകുനിച്ച് ഇരിക്കുകയായിരുന്നു". www.mangalam.com. from the original on 9 October 2020. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
  12. ^ "From the archives: Who is Shakeela Khan?". India Today. from the original on 28 September 2022. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
  13. ^ Kottoor, Asim (16 November 2017). "ഷക്കീല,രേഷ്മ,മറിയ: ഇവര്‍ ഇന്നെവിടെയാണ്?". East Coast Movies & Entertainments News. from the original on 22 September 2023. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
  14. ^ "ഉടുതുണി ഇല്ലാതെ അഭിനയിച്ച പൈസ ഈ കുടുംബത്തിന് വേണ്ട എന്ന് ഉമ്മ തറപ്പിച്ചു പറഞ്ഞു : അനുഭവം പങ്കുവെച്ച് നടി ഷർമിലി". WordMalayali (in Malayalam). Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  15. ^ "Punarjanmam". spicyonion.com. Retrieved 15 October 2014.
  16. ^ a b Babu, Subash (27 October 2017). "IV Sasi's 'Her Nights' was a bold take on sex work that was unfairly dismissed as porn". Scroll.in. from the original on 14 February 2019. Retrieved 5 October 2023.
  17. ^ "I V Sasi 1948-2017: He picked raw subjects and served up a feast". The Times of India. 25 October 2017. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
  18. ^ . 19 June 2011. Archived from the original on 19 June 2011. Retrieved 5 October 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  19. ^ Shaji, Neelima Menon,Sukanya (21 May 2023). "Rathinirvedam to Christy: The evolution of teenage-centric themes in Malayalam cinema". The News Minute. Retrieved 14 December 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  20. ^ . 20 April 2012. Archived from the original on 20 April 2012. Retrieved 14 December 2023.
  21. ^ Bhattacharya, Roshmila (8 November 2002). . Screen. Archived from the original on 7 March 2009. Retrieved 21 November 2017.
  22. ^ "rediff.com, Movies: Sleaze time, folks!". m.rediff.com. from the original on 11 January 2021. Retrieved 5 October 2023.
  23. ^ a b Mannanur, Sunil (22 October 2019). "ബി ഗ്രേഡ്‌ സിനിമകളും ചില കാണാക്കാഴ്ചകളും – Part 1 | PravasiExpress". Retrieved 15 December 2023.
  24. ^ rti_admin (30 June 2017). "A Peep into the Soft Porn Film Industry of Keralam". Round Table India. Retrieved 14 December 2023.
  25. ^ "Richa Chadha's 'Shakeela' Releases Today; Here Are 7 Facts About The Malayalam Erotic Star". iDiva. 25 December 2020. Retrieved 14 December 2023.
  26. ^ "Shakeela, the woman who inspired genres without ever doing porn". DNA India. from the original on 28 September 2022. Retrieved 4 October 2023.
  27. ^ "Pornography is big business in Malayalam film industry". India Today. from the original on 25 May 2023. Retrieved 5 October 2023.
  28. ^ "Malayalam soft porn star Shakeela recounts how a producer turned down her proposal". India Today. Retrieved 14 December 2023.
  29. ^ Kottoor, Asim (16 November 2017). "ഷക്കീല,രേഷ്മ,മറിയ: ഇവര്‍ ഇന്നെവിടെയാണ്? | Cinema, East Coast Special, General, International, Kerala, Latest News, National, NEWS , maria, reshma, shakkeela". East Coast Movies & Entertainments News. from the original on 22 September 2023. Retrieved 5 October 2023.
  30. ^ "ഷക്കീലയ്ക്കും മറിയയ്ക്കുമൊപ്പം തരംഗം സൃഷ്ടിച്ച രേഷ്മ ഇന്ന് എവിടെ ? സിനിമ ജീവിതം യഥാര്‍ഥ ജീവിതത്തിലേക്കും പകര്‍ത്തിയപ്പോള്‍ സംഭവിച്ചത്..." RashtraDeepika. 21 February 2021. from the original on 26 April 2023. Retrieved 5 October 2023.
  31. ^ Prakash, Sadhu (15 August 2022). "Reshma:ഒരു കാലത്ത് യുവാക്കളുടെ ഹരമായിരുന്ന മാദകറാണി രേഷ്മയ്ക്ക് സംഭവിച്ചതെന്ത്? രേഷ്മ ഇപ്പോള്‍ എവിടെ? » Breaking Kerala". Breaking Kerala. Retrieved 14 December 2023.
  32. ^ a b c "With the Advent of High-speed Internet, It's Curtains for Adult Movies in Theatres". The New Indian Express. from the original on 5 October 2023. Retrieved 5 October 2023.
  33. ^ a b Sreedhar Mini, Darshana; Baishya, Anirban K. (2 January 2020). "Transgressions in Toonland: Savita Bhabhi , Velamma and the Indian adult comic". Porn Studies. 7 (1): 115–131. doi:10.1080/23268743.2019.1590228. ISSN 2326-8743. S2CID 197853073. from the original on 5 October 2023. Retrieved 5 October 2023.
  34. ^ "Yessma: Malayalam OTT platform for adult content goes live with Lakshmi Dheeptha's Nancy". OTTPlay. from the original on 15 August 2022. Retrieved 6 October 2023.

Further reading edit

  • Kasbekar, Asha (2006). Pop Culture India!: Media, Arts, and Lifestyle. Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1-85109-641-1. OCLC 62430899. from the original on 5 October 2023. Retrieved 5 October 2023.

February 11, 2024
malayalam, softcore, pornography, popular, genre, softcore, pornography, produced, indian, state, kerala, malayalam, language, popularly, known, mallu, porn, films, grade, films, they, mostly, recognized, quality, films, with, fairly, budgets, they, emerged, a. Malayalam softcore pornography was a popular genre of softcore pornography produced in the Indian state of Kerala in the Malayalam language Popularly known as Mallu porn films or B grade films they are mostly recognized as low quality films with fairly low budgets They emerged alongside mainstream Malayalam cinema of Kerala in the 1980s Malayalam softcore pornographyYears activec 1985 c 2005CountryIndiaMajor figuresAbhilasha actress Silk SmithaShakeelaReshma B grade actress P ChandrakumarInfluencesAdipapamKinnara ThumbikalAdipapam 1988 is regarded as the first successful Malayalam film with softcore nudity and it is considered to have started the trend of softcore films in Malayalam 1 Despite facing a temporary decline in the 1990s the genre s popularity grew after the successful release of Kinnara Thumbikal 2000 which starred Shakeela This period was termed the Shakeela tharangam Shakeela wave There is a general consensus that the films which critics called vulgar and crude were the backbone of the Malayalam film industry during its worst period In 2001 around 64 of the total films produced in Malayalam were of the soft porn variety 2 Influenced by the rise of the internet in India the genre then began to decline 3 While the films have sexually provocative themes and some nudity many film historians do not consider them to be blatantly explicit or simply pornographic 4 To evade the Central Board of Film Certification certain scenes were shot separately and not shown to the board Many theatre owners and distributors illegally inserted nudity from foreign films or hardcore pornography into the films 5 Contents 1 Characteristics 1 1 Portrayal of women 1 2 Actors 2 History 2 1 Roots and early years 2 2 Rise and peak 2 3 Temporary decline in the 1990s 2 4 The Shakeela wave 2 5 Decline and end 2 6 Aftermath 3 See also 4 References 5 Further readingCharacteristics editAlthough Malayalam softcore pornographic films had sexually suggestive plots film historians do not consider them overtly explicit or simply pornographic 4 Portrayal of women edit In mainstream Indian movies the hero male lead is normally central to the plot Malayalam softcore pornographic films presented their heroines at the center Female leads often portrayed unfaithful wives women with a busy sex life or everyday women In Malayalam B grade films male roles were functionally supplementary with the heroine and her sexuality emphasized 6 Women in the films are stereotypically at least 25 years old and in desperate need of sexual intimacy Heroines are often dressed in scanty clothes that exposed midriffs and cleavage 7 Malayalam and Tamil actress Revathi criticised the concept of B grade films saying Why are we so obsessed with women s bodies anyway When we talk about sexism we keep talking about the same things What we need is gender sensitization of everyone involved with the film industry 6 Actors edit Several actresses launched their career through the Malayalam softcore pornographic films including Abhilasha who is considered one of the forerunners of this genre 8 Silk Smitha who had gained success with dance numbers in the early 1980s also became an integral part of the industry 9 Many actresses and actors who gained success in other genres also acted in several B grade films that were not explicit compared to the normal softcore genre 10 These actors became well known within the genre and included Prameela Unni Mary Disco Shanti Anuradha Madhuri Jyothilakshmi Kuyili T G Ravi and Ratheesh 11 Shakeela who was prolific in the early 2000s is commonly considered the quintessential star of the softcore genre 12 Reshma and Maria were also prominent Maria transitioned to the genre after acting in mainstream Malayalam films such as Nirnayam Pallavoor Devanarayanan Megham and Chandranudikkunna Dikkil In the early 2000s the genre also featured actresses such as Sindhu Rajini Devika Roshni Sharmili and Alphonsa 13 14 History editRoots and early years edit In the 1970s Malayalam films that explore themes surrounding sexuality started emerging The 1972 Malayalam film Punarjanmam Reincarnation is considered to be the first erotic psychic thriller in Indian film history 15 The film involves a man who is unable to have sex with his wife because she appears to him as his mother each time they attempt to consummate their relationship In 1978 Avalude Ravukal was released Avalude Ravugal directed by I V Sasi is about an adolescent sex worker 16 17 It was the first Malayalam film to get an A certification classifying it as fit for adults only It was highly successful and was dubbed in Tamil and Hindi The film was considered pornographic when it was released 16 Also in 1978 Rathinirvedham was released The film is about a teenage boy who is sexually attracted to an older woman It is considered a landmark film in Malayalam cinematic history Some film analysts said that the influx of Malayalam softcore porn films during the next several years began after the release of Rathinirvedham 18 19 Rise and peak edit From the mid 1980s production of softcore porn gradually increased An increase in VCRs and TVs contributed to the growth of the genre In 1985 director Crossbelt Mani made the film Ottayan The film which featured a rape and revenge storyline was distributed in Kerala s main theatres In Ottayan the heroine s blouse is pulled off during a six minute rape scene and the villain massages her breasts The film which cost 1 million to make made 1 2 million in two weeks until the censor board banned it 5 Dhoomam 1985 director Chandrasekharan Thampi originally planned to make the film a black and white art film but it was shelved due to financial difficulties Later he inserted additional sex scenes and released the movie through his own firm distributing it only in isolated towns and villages the film became popular due to word of mouth promotion 5 K S Gopalakrishnan then made the 1986 films Pidikitapulli and Karinagam which featured several sex scenes and nudity that were not shown to the censor board The sex scenes were absent when the censor board confiscated a print of Pidikitapulli but present when it played in a suburban Trivandrum theatre two weeks later 2 At that time K V Gangadharan president of the Kerala film chamber and producer of the mainstream Malayalam film Vartha 1986 said that super hit family dramas in the cities are flopping in rural areas because the average male cine goer in these areas is lured by these soft porn films with inserted sex scenes 5 Following the ban producers and distributors of soft porn films relocated from cities to the countryside Students from Trivandrum made daily visits to Guruvayoor or Attingal to see soft porn films In 1986 roughly 14 of about 32 films released had sex or nude scenes that were shot separately and were inserted into the film for screening in rural areas only after the rest of it had been shown to the censor board 5 These reels were known as Thund Bits and popularising the term Bit Piece padam Bit film 5 In 1988 Adipapam was released It is regarded as the first successful Malayalam film with softcore nudity It was a big success at the box office grossing 25 million against a budget of 750 000 The film s director Chandrakumar went on to direct eight more softcore films The leading actress Abhilasha became the most sought after B grade actress of that time The success of Adipapam inspired a series of similar productions in the next few years 20 The 1989 film Layanam starring Silk Smitha in the lead role was also a big success at box office Twelve years after its release it was remade in Hindi as Reshma Ki Jawani 21 Film historian Rajakrishnan said The boom of softcore pornographic films was fuelled by a lenient Madras Censor Board When they were barred from censoring Malayalam films they dried up 22 Temporary decline in the 1990s edit Most of the softcore films that released after Layanam had a similar storyline with many of them having a weak screenplay When family friendly and comedy films became more popular in the Malayalam cinema industry there was a temporary decline in the softcore industry This caused a reduction in the rate of production of softcore films Only a few of them were successful at the box office 23 The Shakeela wave edit With the continued failure of comedy films and early 2000s theater strikes in Kerala there was a comeback of B grade films in Malayalam By 2000 a majority of the Malayalam films were of soft porn genre 24 In March 2000 Kinnarathumbikal a low budget softcore pornographic film starring Shakeela was released It was a major commercial success grossing 40 million at the box office against a budget of 1 2 million The film was dubbed in more than six languages 25 The success of Kinnarathumbikal triggered a series of similar low budget softcore pornographic films produced in Malayalam 26 There was also an increase in Malayalam softcore pornographic films starring Shakeela leading to the Shakeela wave Shakeela tharangam Around 57 of the total 89 films released in 2001 belonged to the soft porn category and Shakeela featured in many of them 27 During the Shakeela wave many of her old films were re released including Telugu and Tamil films At one time posters with Shakeela s half naked body a single name and a large adults only emblem were widespread in Kerala 28 According to film scholar Darshana Sreedhar Mini during the Malayalam film industry crisis of the early 2000s the success of Shakeela films became critical to the industry s survival because her presence insured revenues and hence the survival of film employees 4 Shakeela became well known throughout the country as the pan Indian face of soft porn Many of her films were well known outside of Kerala and were dubbed into other languages With lower production costs and poorer quality than mainstream films Malayalam B grade films dominated a significant portion of the market with considerable production 4 Many theatres which faced shutdown survived only because of the arrival and acceptance of such B grade films and the market was flooded with many B grade films 4 Actresses such as Reshma Maria Sindhu and Alphonsa who arose with or after Shakeela became an integral part of the industry Shakeela s 2001 film Rakshasarajni was considered successful especially as it competed against Raavanaprabhu and Rakshasa Rajavu which were larger films 29 Decline and end edit The rise of the internet negatively affected the Malayalam softcore porn industry as freely available online images and videos became more popular than video cassettes 30 The directors of Malayam softcore pornographic films did not try to bring new actresses into the field and the production of such films slowly stopped 31 The state censor board also took measures to curb the spread of erotic films 32 Between 2005 and 2007 the release of B grade was limited 32 Some producers attempted to revive the genre between 2007 and 2010 but their films did not perform well 32 Aftermath edit While the Malayalam film industry no longer produces softcore pornographic films video clips and images from the older films are still major earners for porn websites in India 23 Mallu aunty is a term commonly used on porn websites 33 The Malayalam heroine has been referenced in popular erotic comics that portray married female characters as the targets of sexual fantasies such as Savita Bhabhi and Velamma 33 In August 2022 Yessma an OTT streaming platform for adult content was launched 34 See also editPornography in India Sex in Indian entertainment Sexuality in India Nudity in film Nudity in India Sex in film Malayalam cinemaReferences edit Mudhal Paavam The Indian Express 9 December 1988 p 5 Retrieved 4 December 2018 a b Mini Darshana Sreedhar 2016 The Spectral Duration of Malayalam Soft porn Disappearance Desire and Haunting BioScope South Asian Screen Studies 7 2 127 150 doi 10 1177 0974927616667971 ISSN 0974 9276 S2CID 193768554 Archived from the original on 27 December 2022 Retrieved 22 September 2023 Menon Vishal 16 May 2020 Shakeela Superstardom And A Softporn Wave That Threatened The Survival Of Malayalam Cinema www filmcompanion in Archived from the original on 28 September 2022 Retrieved 5 October 2023 a b c d e Mini Darshana Sreedhar 1 April 2019 The Rise of Soft Porn in Malayalam Cinema and the Precarious Stardom of Shakeela Feminist Media Histories 5 2 49 82 doi 10 1525 fmh 2019 5 2 49 S2CID 181897151 Archived from the original on 18 July 2020 Retrieved 5 October 2023 a b c d e f Soft porn boom hits commercial cinema in Kerala like a bolt from the blue India Today Archived from the original on 5 October 2023 Retrieved 5 October 2023 a b Sarkar Urbee 5 October 2018 VoxSpace Selects The Sex Quotient Women In The South Indian Soft Porn Industry VoxSpace Archived from the original on 17 October 2018 Retrieved 5 October 2023 Pillai Meena T 2010 Women in Malayalam Cinema Naturalising Gender Hierarchies Orient BlackSwan ISBN 978 81 250 3865 8 Former sleaze queen s smart move Bangalore Mirror 9 March 2009 Archived from the original on 7 October 2023 Retrieved 7 October 2023 Remembering India s evergreen sex symbol Silk Smitha on her 62nd birth anniversary India Today Archived from the original on 19 February 2023 Retrieved 7 October 2023 Mannanur Sunil 4 November 2019 ബ ഗ ര ഡ സ ന മകള ച ല ക ണ ക ക ഴ ചകള Part 2 PravasiExpress Archived from the original on 20 March 2023 Retrieved 5 October 2023 തമ പ ര ട ട യ ല ഗ ല മര ര ഗ സ ക ര ന ല ത ള ഞ ഞപ പ ള ഞ ന തലക ന ച ച ഇര ക ക കയ യ ര ന ന www mangalam com Archived from the original on 9 October 2020 Retrieved 7 October 2023 From the archives Who is Shakeela Khan India Today Archived from the original on 28 September 2022 Retrieved 7 October 2023 Kottoor Asim 16 November 2017 ഷക ക ല ര ഷ മ മറ യ ഇവര ഇന ന വ ട യ ണ East Coast Movies amp Entertainments News Archived from the original on 22 September 2023 Retrieved 7 October 2023 ഉട ത ണ ഇല ല ത അഭ നയ ച ച പ സ ഈ ക ട ബത ത ന വ ണ ട എന ന ഉമ മ തറപ പ ച ച പറഞ ഞ അന ഭവ പങ ക വ ച ച നട ഷർമ ല WordMalayali in Malayalam Retrieved 20 October 2023 Punarjanmam spicyonion com Retrieved 15 October 2014 a b Babu Subash 27 October 2017 IV Sasi s Her Nights was a bold take on sex work that was unfairly dismissed as porn Scroll in Archived from the original on 14 February 2019 Retrieved 5 October 2023 I V Sasi 1948 2017 He picked raw subjects and served up a feast The Times of India 25 October 2017 ISSN 0971 8257 Retrieved 5 December 2023 Can Rathinirvedam remake recreate waves Deccan Chronicle 19 June 2011 Archived from the original on 19 June 2011 Retrieved 5 October 2023 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint bot original URL status unknown link Shaji Neelima Menon Sukanya 21 May 2023 Rathinirvedam to Christy The evolution of teenage centric themes in Malayalam cinema The News Minute Retrieved 14 December 2023 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link ഞ ന ഏകന യ ര ന ന 20 April 2012 Archived from the original on 20 April 2012 Retrieved 14 December 2023 Bhattacharya Roshmila 8 November 2002 SEX SELLS Another chottisi prem kahani makes money Screen Archived from the original on 7 March 2009 Retrieved 21 November 2017 rediff com Movies Sleaze time folks m rediff com Archived from the original on 11 January 2021 Retrieved 5 October 2023 a b Mannanur Sunil 22 October 2019 ബ ഗ ര ഡ സ ന മകള ച ല ക ണ ക ക ഴ ചകള Part 1 PravasiExpress Retrieved 15 December 2023 rti admin 30 June 2017 A Peep into the Soft Porn Film Industry of Keralam Round Table India Retrieved 14 December 2023 Richa Chadha s Shakeela Releases Today Here Are 7 Facts About The Malayalam Erotic Star iDiva 25 December 2020 Retrieved 14 December 2023 Shakeela the woman who inspired genres without ever doing porn DNA India Archived from the original on 28 September 2022 Retrieved 4 October 2023 Pornography is big business in Malayalam film industry India Today Archived from the original on 25 May 2023 Retrieved 5 October 2023 Malayalam soft porn star Shakeela recounts how a producer turned down her proposal India Today Retrieved 14 December 2023 Kottoor Asim 16 November 2017 ഷക ക ല ര ഷ മ മറ യ ഇവര ഇന ന വ ട യ ണ Cinema East Coast Special General International Kerala Latest News National NEWS maria reshma shakkeela East Coast Movies amp Entertainments News Archived from the original on 22 September 2023 Retrieved 5 October 2023 ഷക ക ലയ ക ക മറ യയ ക ക മ പ പ തര ഗ സ ഷ ട ച ച ര ഷ മ ഇന ന എവ ട സ ന മ ജ വ ത യഥ ര ഥ ജ വ തത ത ല ക ക പകര ത ത യപ പ ള സ ഭവ ച ചത RashtraDeepika 21 February 2021 Archived from the original on 26 April 2023 Retrieved 5 October 2023 Prakash Sadhu 15 August 2022 Reshma ഒര ക ലത ത യ വ ക കള ട ഹരമ യ ര ന ന മ ദകറ ണ ര ഷ മയ ക ക സ ഭവ ച ചത ന ത ര ഷ മ ഇപ പ ള എവ ട Breaking Kerala Breaking Kerala Retrieved 14 December 2023 a b c With the Advent of High speed Internet It s Curtains for Adult Movies in Theatres The New Indian Express Archived from the original on 5 October 2023 Retrieved 5 October 2023 a b Sreedhar Mini Darshana Baishya Anirban K 2 January 2020 Transgressions in Toonland Savita Bhabhi Velamma and the Indian adult comic Porn Studies 7 1 115 131 doi 10 1080 23268743 2019 1590228 ISSN 2326 8743 S2CID 197853073 Archived from the original on 5 October 2023 Retrieved 5 October 2023 Yessma Malayalam OTT platform for adult content goes live with Lakshmi Dheeptha s Nancy OTTPlay Archived from the original on 15 August 2022 Retrieved 6 October 2023 Further reading editKasbekar Asha 2006 Pop Culture India Media Arts and Lifestyle Santa Barbara Calif ABC CLIO ISBN 978 1 85109 641 1 OCLC 62430899 Archived from the original on 5 October 2023 Retrieved 5 October 2023 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Malayalam softcore pornography amp oldid 1192948425, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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