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Lieutenant (navy)

January 04, 2023

For general information on the rank of lieutenant, including army and air force use, see Lieutenant.

Lieutenant[nb 1] (abbreviated Lt, LT (U.S.), LT(USN), Lieut and LEUT, depending on nation) is a commissioned officer rank in many English-speaking nations' navies and coast guards. It is typically the most senior of junior officer ranks. In most navies, the rank's insignia may consist of two medium gold braid stripes, the uppermost stripe featuring an executive curl in many Commonwealth of Nations; or three stripes of equal or unequal width.

The now immediately senior rank of lieutenant commander was formerly a senior naval lieutenant rank. Many navies also use a subordinate rank of sub-lieutenant. The appointment of "first lieutenant" in many navies is held by a senior lieutenant.

This naval lieutenant ranks higher than an army lieutenants; within NATO countries the naval rank of lieutenant is a OF-2 and is the equivalent rank of an army captain. Other nations will use a naval lieutenant rank equivalent to an army lieutenant.

History

From at least 1580,[1] the lieutenant on a ship had been the officer immediately subordinate to the captain. Before the English Restoration, lieutenants were appointed by their captains, and this inevitably led to abuses and to the widespread appointment of men of insufficient qualification. In 1677, Samuel Pepys, while he was Chief Secretary to the Admiralty, introduced the first examination for lieutenant,[2] and thereafter their seniority was dated from the passing of this examination.

A lieutenant was numbered by his seniority within the ship on which he served, so that a frigate (which was entitled to three) would have a first, a second, and a third lieutenant. A first-rate ship was entitled to six, and they were numbered accordingly. At first, a lieutenant's commission was given only for the particular ship in which he served, but after the loss of HMS Wager in 1741 and the subsequent mutiny, the Royal Navy changed its policy and lieutenants were given more general commissions upon passing their examination.[1]

During the early days of the naval rank, some lieutenants could be very junior indeed, while others could be on the cusp of promotion to captain; those lieutenants ranged across present-day army ranks from a second lieutenant through to a lieutenant colonel. As the rank structure of navies stabilized, and the ranks of commander, lieutenant commander, and sub-lieutenant (or lieutenant, junior grade in the U.S. services) were introduced, the rank of naval lieutenant became less wide-ranging and is today the equivalent of an army captain.

Promotion

In the United States Navy, promotion to lieutenant is governed by United States Department of Defense policies derived from the Defense Officer Personnel Management Act (DOPMA) of 1980. The United States Coast Guard follows the same policy regarding promotion to lieutenant. DOPMA guidelines suggest that at least 95% of lieutenants (junior grade) should be promoted to lieutenant after serving a minimum of two years at the lower rank.[citation needed]

In the Royal Navy, promotion to lieutenant is done in line with seniority. Officers are typically promoted after serving as a sub-lieutenants (OF-1) for 30 months.[3] However, promotion may be quicker if a candidate has previous naval service and commissions from the ranks (upper yardsman/senior upper yardsman).[4]

"First lieutenant" in naval usage

The first lieutenant (1st Lt or 1LT) in the Royal Navy and other Commonwealth navies, is a post or appointment, rather than a rank. Historically, the lieutenants in a ship were ranked in accordance with seniority, with the most senior being termed the first lieutenant and acting as the second-in-command. Although lieutenants are no longer numbered by seniority, the post of "first lieutenant" remains.

In minor war vessels, destroyers and frigates, the first lieutenant (either a lieutenant or lieutenant commander) is second in command, executive officer (XO) and head of the executive branch; in larger ships, where a commander of the warfare specialisation is appointed as the executive officer, a first lieutenant (normally a lieutenant commander) is appointed as his deputy. The post of first lieutenant in a shore establishment carries a similar responsibility to that of the first lieutenant of a capital ship.

In the U.S. Navy or U.S. Coast Guard, the billet of first lieutenant describes the officer in charge of the deck department or division, depending on the size of the ship. In smaller ships that have only a single deck division, the billet is typically filled by an ensign; while in larger ships, with a deck department consisting of multiple subordinate divisions, the billet may be filled by a lieutenant commander. On submarines and smaller Coast Guard cutters, the billet of first lieutenant may be filled by a petty officer.

Rank insignia

The insignia of a lieutenant in many navies, including the Royal Navy,[5] consists of two medium gold braid stripes (top stripe with loop) on a navy blue or black background. This pattern was copied by the United States Navy, the United States Coast Guard, United States Public Health Service (USPHS) Commissioned Corps the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration Commissioned Officer Corps (NOAA Corps), and various air forces (primarily those of the United Kingdom, British Commonwealth, and nations formerly aligned with the Crown) for their equivalent ranks and grades, except that the executive curl is removed (see flight lieutenant).

In the United States, contingent on the type of uniform worn, U.S. Navy, U.S. Coast Guard, USPHS Commissioned Corps, and NOAA Corps lieutenants also wear pin-on metal collar, shoulder, or headgear insignia, or cloth shoulder, collar, tabbed, or headgear insignia identical to that of a United States Marine Corps captain and similar to that of a United States Army, United States Air Force, or United States Space Force captain.

Gallery

See also

Notes

  1. ^ The pronunciation of lieutenant is generally split between /lɛfˈtɛnənt/ lef-TEN-ənt, /lɪf-/ lif-, generally in the United Kingdom, Ireland, and Commonwealth countries, and /luːˈtɛnənt/ ( listen) loo-TEN-ənt, /lə-/, generally associated with the United States. See lieutenant.

References

  1. ^ a b . Royal Naval Museum. Archived from the original on 11 October 2014. Retrieved 11 October 2008.
  2. ^ J. D. Davies, Gentlemen and Tarpaulins (Oxford University Press, 1991, ISBN 978-0-19-820263-9), p. 40
  3. ^ "Royal Navy Life | Shaping Your Career Progression". www.royalnavy.mod.uk. Retrieved 5 January 2020.
  4. ^ "BR3, Chapter 50 - Royal Navy Promotions" (PDF).
  5. ^ . Archived from the original on 12 October 2008. Retrieved 5 October 2008.
  6. ^ Antigua & Barbuda Defence Force. "Paratus" (PDF). Regional Publications Ltd. pp. 12–13. Retrieved 2 March 2020.
  7. ^ "Badges of rank" (PDF). defence.gov.au. Department of Defence (Australia). Retrieved 31 May 2021.
  8. ^ "OFFICER RANKS". rbdf.gov.bs. Royal Bahamas Defence Force. Retrieved 14 January 2021.
  9. ^ Bangladesh Navy. "Rank of Navy & Equivalent Rank". navy.mil.bd. Retrieved 27 May 2021.
  10. ^ "Admiralty Ranks". navy.mindef.gov.bn. Royal Brunei Navy. Retrieved 1 September 2021.
  11. ^ "Ranks and appointment". canada.ca. Government of Canada. Retrieved 28 May 2021.
  12. ^ "Ranks & Insignia". Join Indian Navy. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
  13. ^ . military.ie. Defence Forces (Ireland). Archived from the original on 25 April 2016. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
  14. ^ . Official Jamaica Defence Force Website. 2019. Archived from the original on 20 August 2020. Retrieved 16 November 2019.
  15. ^ "Defense Act of 2008" (PDF). 3 September 2008. p. 8. Retrieved 20 November 2017.
  16. ^ . mafhq.mil.my (in Malay). Malaysian Armed Forces. Archived from the original on 29 April 2020. Retrieved 4 June 2021.
  17. ^ "Government Notice" (PDF). Government Gazette of the Republic of Namibia. Vol. 4547. 20 August 2010. pp. 99–102. Retrieved 20 December 2021.
  18. ^ "Badges of Rank" (PDF). nzdf.mil.nz. New Zealand Defence Force. Retrieved 28 July 2022.
  19. ^ Smaldone, Joseph P. (1992). "National Security". In Metz, Helen Chapin (ed.). Nigeria: a country study. Area Handbook (5th ed.). Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress. pp. 296–297. LCCN 92009026. Retrieved 21 October 2021.
  20. ^ "LIFE IN PN:RANKS". www.paknavy.gov.pk. Pakistan Navy Official Website. Retrieved 7 August 2018.
  21. ^ . navy.mil.za. Department of Defence (South Africa). Archived from the original on 18 May 2019. Retrieved 29 May 2021.
  22. ^ "Branches/ Ranks". navy.lk. Sri Lanka Navy. Retrieved 24 September 2021.
  23. ^ "Tonga Defence Services (Amendment) Regulations 2009" (PDF). Tonga Government Gazette Supplement Extraordinary. 5: 151–153. 10 May 2010. Retrieved 26 September 2021.
  24. ^ "Rank Chart (Commissioned Officers)". 69.0.195.188. Trinidad and Tobago Defence Force. Retrieved 27 May 2021.
  25. ^ "Shaping your career". royalnavy.mod.uk. Royal Navy. Retrieved 24 September 2021.
  26. ^ a b "U.S. Military Rank Insignia". defense.gov. Department of Defense. Retrieved 13 January 2022.

January 04, 2023
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For general information on the rank of lieutenant including army and air force use see Lieutenant Lieutenant nb 1 abbreviated Lt LT U S LT USN Lieut and LEUT depending on nation is a commissioned officer rank in many English speaking nations navies and coast guards It is typically the most senior of junior officer ranks In most navies the rank s insignia may consist of two medium gold braid stripes the uppermost stripe featuring an executive curl in many Commonwealth of Nations or three stripes of equal or unequal width The now immediately senior rank of lieutenant commander was formerly a senior naval lieutenant rank Many navies also use a subordinate rank of sub lieutenant The appointment of first lieutenant in many navies is held by a senior lieutenant This naval lieutenant ranks higher than an army lieutenants within NATO countries the naval rank of lieutenant is a OF 2 and is the equivalent rank of an army captain Other nations will use a naval lieutenant rank equivalent to an army lieutenant Contents 1 History 2 Promotion 3 First lieutenant in naval usage 4 Rank insignia 5 Gallery 6 See also 7 Notes 8 ReferencesHistory EditFrom at least 1580 1 the lieutenant on a ship had been the officer immediately subordinate to the captain Before the English Restoration lieutenants were appointed by their captains and this inevitably led to abuses and to the widespread appointment of men of insufficient qualification In 1677 Samuel Pepys while he was Chief Secretary to the Admiralty introduced the first examination for lieutenant 2 and thereafter their seniority was dated from the passing of this examination A lieutenant was numbered by his seniority within the ship on which he served so that a frigate which was entitled to three would have a first a second and a third lieutenant A first rate ship was entitled to six and they were numbered accordingly At first a lieutenant s commission was given only for the particular ship in which he served but after the loss of HMS Wager in 1741 and the subsequent mutiny the Royal Navy changed its policy and lieutenants were given more general commissions upon passing their examination 1 During the early days of the naval rank some lieutenants could be very junior indeed while others could be on the cusp of promotion to captain those lieutenants ranged across present day army ranks from a second lieutenant through to a lieutenant colonel As the rank structure of navies stabilized and the ranks of commander lieutenant commander and sub lieutenant or lieutenant junior grade in the U S services were introduced the rank of naval lieutenant became less wide ranging and is today the equivalent of an army captain Promotion EditIn the United States Navy promotion to lieutenant is governed by United States Department of Defense policies derived from the Defense Officer Personnel Management Act DOPMA of 1980 The United States Coast Guard follows the same policy regarding promotion to lieutenant DOPMA guidelines suggest that at least 95 of lieutenants junior grade should be promoted to lieutenant after serving a minimum of two years at the lower rank citation needed In the Royal Navy promotion to lieutenant is done in line with seniority Officers are typically promoted after serving as a sub lieutenants OF 1 for 30 months 3 However promotion may be quicker if a candidate has previous naval service and commissions from the ranks upper yardsman senior upper yardsman 4 First lieutenant in naval usage EditThe first lieutenant 1st Lt or 1LT in the Royal Navy and other Commonwealth navies is a post or appointment rather than a rank Historically the lieutenants in a ship were ranked in accordance with seniority with the most senior being termed the first lieutenant and acting as the second in command Although lieutenants are no longer numbered by seniority the post of first lieutenant remains In minor war vessels destroyers and frigates the first lieutenant either a lieutenant or lieutenant commander is second in command executive officer XO and head of the executive branch in larger ships where a commander of the warfare specialisation is appointed as the executive officer a first lieutenant normally a lieutenant commander is appointed as his deputy The post of first lieutenant in a shore establishment carries a similar responsibility to that of the first lieutenant of a capital ship In the U S Navy or U S Coast Guard the billet of first lieutenant describes the officer in charge of the deck department or division depending on the size of the ship In smaller ships that have only a single deck division the billet is typically filled by an ensign while in larger ships with a deck department consisting of multiple subordinate divisions the billet may be filled by a lieutenant commander On submarines and smaller Coast Guard cutters the billet of first lieutenant may be filled by a petty officer Rank insignia EditThe insignia of a lieutenant in many navies including the Royal Navy 5 consists of two medium gold braid stripes top stripe with loop on a navy blue or black background This pattern was copied by the United States Navy the United States Coast Guard United States Public Health Service USPHS Commissioned Corps the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration Commissioned Officer Corps NOAA Corps and various air forces primarily those of the United Kingdom British Commonwealth and nations formerly aligned with the Crown for their equivalent ranks and grades except that the executive curl is removed see flight lieutenant In the United States contingent on the type of uniform worn U S Navy U S Coast Guard USPHS Commissioned Corps and NOAA Corps lieutenants also wear pin on metal collar shoulder or headgear insignia or cloth shoulder collar tabbed or headgear insignia identical to that of a United States Marine Corps captain and similar to that of a United States Army United States Air Force or United States Space Force captain Gallery Edit Lieutenant Antigua and Barbuda Coast Guard 6 Lieutenant Royal Australian Navy 7 Lieutenant Royal Bahamas Defence Force 8 Lieutenant Bangladesh Navy 9 Lieutenant Barbados Coast Guard Lieutenant Belize Coast Guard Leftenan Royal Brunei Navy 10 Lieutenant French Lieutenant de vaisseau Royal Canadian Navy 11 Lieutenant Republic of Fiji Navy Lieutenant Gambian Navy Lieutenant Ghana Navy Lieutenant Guyana Coast Guard Lieutenant Indian Navy 12 Lieutenant Irish Naval Service 13 Lieutenant Jamaican Coast Guard 14 Lieutenant Liberian National Coast Guard 15 Leftenan Royal Malaysian Navy 16 Lieutenant Namibian Navy 17 Lieutenant Royal New Zealand Navy 18 Lieutenant Nigerian Navy 19 Lieutenant Urdu لیفٹیننٹ romanized Leftinent Pakistan Navy 20 Lieutenant Papua New Guinea Maritime Element Lieutenant Philippine Navy Lieutenant Saint Kitts and Nevis Coast Guard Lieutenant Sierra Leone Navy Lieutenant South African Navy 21 Lieutenant Sri Lanka Navy 22 Lieutenant Tanzania Naval Command Lieutenant Tongan Navy 23 Lieutenant Trinidad and Tobago Coast Guard 24 Lieutenant Royal Navy 25 Lieutenant United States Navy 26 Lieutenant United States Coast Guard 26 Lieutenant Bislama Lietnen Vanuatu Maritime Wing See also Edit War portal Comparative military ranks Captain lieutenantNotes Edit The pronunciation of lieutenant is generally split between l ɛ f ˈ t ɛ n e n t lef TEN ent l ɪ f lif generally in the United Kingdom Ireland and Commonwealth countries and l uː ˈ t ɛ n e n t listen loo TEN ent l e generally associated with the United States See lieutenant References Edit a b Officer Ranks in the Royal Navy Lieutenant Royal Naval Museum Archived from the original on 11 October 2014 Retrieved 11 October 2008 J D Davies Gentlemen and Tarpaulins Oxford University Press 1991 ISBN 978 0 19 820263 9 p 40 Royal Navy Life Shaping Your Career Progression www royalnavy mod uk Retrieved 5 January 2020 BR3 Chapter 50 Royal Navy Promotions PDF Uniforms and Badges of Rank Royal Navy website Archived from the original on 12 October 2008 Retrieved 5 October 2008 Antigua amp Barbuda Defence Force Paratus PDF Regional Publications Ltd pp 12 13 Retrieved 2 March 2020 Badges of rank PDF defence gov au Department of Defence Australia Retrieved 31 May 2021 OFFICER RANKS rbdf gov bs Royal Bahamas Defence Force Retrieved 14 January 2021 Bangladesh Navy Rank of Navy amp Equivalent Rank navy mil bd Retrieved 27 May 2021 Admiralty Ranks navy mindef gov bn Royal Brunei Navy Retrieved 1 September 2021 Ranks and appointment canada ca Government of Canada Retrieved 28 May 2021 Ranks amp Insignia Join Indian Navy Retrieved 12 April 2021 Naval Service Rank Markings military ie Defence Forces Ireland Archived from the original on 25 April 2016 Retrieved 26 May 2021 BADGES OF RANK Official Jamaica Defence Force Website 2019 Archived from the original on 20 August 2020 Retrieved 16 November 2019 Defense Act of 2008 PDF 3 September 2008 p 8 Retrieved 20 November 2017 Pangkat mafhq mil my in Malay Malaysian Armed Forces Archived from the original on 29 April 2020 Retrieved 4 June 2021 Government Notice PDF Government Gazette of the Republic of Namibia Vol 4547 20 August 2010 pp 99 102 Retrieved 20 December 2021 Badges of Rank PDF nzdf mil nz New Zealand Defence Force Retrieved 28 July 2022 Smaldone Joseph P 1992 National Security In Metz Helen Chapin ed Nigeria a country study Area Handbook 5th ed Washington D C Library of Congress pp 296 297 LCCN 92009026 Retrieved 21 October 2021 LIFE IN PN RANKS www paknavy gov pk Pakistan Navy Official Website Retrieved 7 August 2018 Rank Insignia navy mil za Department of Defence South Africa Archived from the original on 18 May 2019 Retrieved 29 May 2021 Branches Ranks navy lk Sri Lanka Navy Retrieved 24 September 2021 Tonga Defence Services Amendment Regulations 2009 PDF Tonga Government Gazette Supplement Extraordinary 5 151 153 10 May 2010 Retrieved 26 September 2021 Rank Chart Commissioned Officers 69 0 195 188 Trinidad and Tobago Defence Force Retrieved 27 May 2021 Shaping your career royalnavy mod uk Royal Navy Retrieved 24 September 2021 a b U S Military Rank Insignia defense gov Department of Defense Retrieved 13 January 2022 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Lieutenant navy amp oldid 1128780528, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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