fbpx
Wikipedia

Flight lieutenant

February 12, 2023

This article is about the air force rank. For the film, see Flight Lieutenant (film).

Flight lieutenant is a junior commissioned rank in air forces that use the Royal Air Force (RAF) system of ranks, especially in Commonwealth countries. It has a NATO rank code of OF-2. Flight lieutenant is abbreviated as Flt Lt in the Indian Air Force (IAF) and RAF, and as FLTLT in the Pakistan Air Force (PAF), Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) and Royal New Zealand Air Force (RNZAF) and has sometimes also been abbreviated as F/L in many services; it has never been correctly abbreviated as "lieutenant". A flight lieutenant ranks above flying officer and below a squadron leader and is sometimes used as an English language translation of a similar rank in non-English-speaking countries.

Flight lieutenant
Shoulder and sleeve insignia of a flight lieutenant from the Royal Air Force
Service branchAir forces
AbbreviationFlt Lt / FLTLT
NATO rank codeOF-2
Non-NATO rankO-3
Formation1 August 1919 (1919-08-01) (RAF)
Next higher rankSquadron leader
Next lower rankFlying officer
Equivalent ranks
Related articles
HistoryRoyal Naval Air Service

The rank originated in the Royal Naval Air Service (RNAS) in 1914. It fell into abeyance when the RNAS merged with the Royal Flying Corps during the First World War but was revived in 1919 in the post-war RAF.

An RAF flight lieutenant is the equivalent of a lieutenant in the Royal Navy and a captain in the British Army and Royal Marines. The equivalent rank in the former Women's Auxiliary Air Force (WAAF), Women's Royal Air Force (WRAF) and Princess Mary's Royal Air Force Nursing Service (PMRAFNS) (until 1980) was flight officer.

Origins

 
The rank insignia of a Royal Naval Air Service flight lieutenant

The rank originated in the Royal Navy as a rank title for naval lieutenants serving in the Royal Naval Air Service (RNAS).[1] Promotions to the rank were first gazetted on 30 June 1914.[2] It fell into abeyance when the RNAS merged with the Royal Flying Corps during the First World War but was revived in 1919 in the post-war RAF.[3]

On 1 April 1918, the newly created RAF adopted its officer rank titles from the British Army, with Royal Naval Air Service lieutenants (titled as flight lieutenants and flight commanders) and Royal Flying Corps captains becoming captains in the RAF. In response to the proposal that the RAF should use its own rank titles, it was suggested that the RAF might use the Royal Navy's officer ranks, with the word "air" inserted before the naval rank title. For example, the current rank of flight lieutenant would have been "air lieutenant". Although the Admiralty objected to this simple modification of their rank titles, it was agreed that the RAF might base many of its officer rank titles on navy officer ranks with differing pre-modifying terms. It was also suggested that RAF captains might be entitled flight-leaders. However, the rank title flight lieutenant was chosen as flights were typically commanded by RAF captains and the term flight lieutenant had been used in the Royal Naval Air Service. The RAF rank of flight lieutenant was introduced in August 1919[4] and it has been used continuously since then.

Usage in the RAF

Royal Air Force

Although in the early years of the RAF a flight lieutenant commanded an aircraft flight, with the increasing combat power of aircraft and therefore squadrons, command and control has shifted up the rank structure (currently, for instance, most squadron commanders in the RAF are Wing Commanders, a reflection on the comparative combat power between the modern air force and its predecessor).

The RAF's promotion system is automatic up until flight lieutenant. Every officer will attain the rank provided they complete their professional training and do not leave early. For aircrew, flight lieutenant is reached 2.5 years after commissioning, Engineering Branch (AS & CE) entrants with applicable bachelor's/master's degrees reach flight lieutenant at 2.5 and 1.5 years respectively, and for all other ground branch officers, 3.5 years. Aircrew are appointed to an Early Departure Payment Commission upon reaching their Operational Conversion Unit, which is a commission for 20 years or age 40, whichever is later. Promotion to squadron leader thereafter is strictly upon merit; officers promoted beyond flight lieutenant are appointed to a career commission, or service to age 60. Resigning a commission is generally dependent on the needs of the service, although an officer who has completed their return of service (service the RAF requires to justify its expense in originally training the officer) could leave after as little as four years. For aircrew, given the large expense required for training, this return of service is generally the length of their initial commission anyway, unless they re-role to a different branch having failed an element of flying training. Most aircrew reach their squadrons as flight lieutenants due to the length of training time required (up to four years for fast jet pilots) and the significant holds in the training pipeline.[5] The majority of squadron line pilots are flight lieutenants, with some squadron executives or Career Commission aircrew reaching Squadron Leader.

Aside from aircrew, whose work typically does not require active leadership for units of airmen, ground branch officers can expect to operate units that can range in size from a few specialist non-commissioned personnel to 50 or more personnel for engineering or other manpower intensive roles. The role of a flight lieutenant generally involves management of a team of specialist non-commissioned officers and airmen, within their specific branch. In the RAF Regiment, a flight lieutenant generally has the same role and responsibility as a captain in the British Army, in charge of a regiment flight of 30 men, and could be second-in-command of a squadron of up to 120 men.

Flight lieutenant is the most common officer rank in the RAF; in April 2013, for example, there were 8,230 RAF officers, of whom 3,890 (47.3%) were flight lieutenants.[6] In RAF informal usage, a flight lieutenant is sometimes referred to as a "flight lieuy". A Flight Lieutenant's starting salary is £42,008.48 as of 2019.[7]

RAF Air Cadets

In the Air Training Corps, a flight lieutenant is usually the officer commanding of a squadron[citation needed], appointed under a Cadet Forces Commission.[8] Retired flight lieutenants are the first rank that may continue to use their rank after they have left active service.[9]

Insignia

The rank insignia consists of two narrow blue bands on slightly wider black bands. This is worn on both the lower sleeves of the tunic or on the shoulders of the flight suit or the casual uniform. The rank insignia on the mess uniform is similar to the naval pattern, being two band of gold running around each cuff but without the Royal Navy's loop. Unlike senior RAF officers, flight lieutenants are not entitled to fly a command flag under any circumstances.

  •  

    An RAF flight lieutenant's sleeve/shoulder insignia

  •  

    An RAF flight lieutenant's sleeve mess insignia

  •  

    An RAF flight lieutenant's sleeve on No. 1 service dress uniform

Other air forces

The rank of flight lieutenant is also used in a number of the air forces in the Commonwealth, including the Bangladesh Air Force,[10] Ghana Air Force, Indian Air Force,[11] Namibian Air Force, Pakistan Air Force, Royal Australian Air Force and Royal New Zealand Air Force. It is also used in the Egyptian Air Force, Hellenic Air Force, Royal Air Force of Oman, Royal Thai Air Force and the Air Force of Zimbabwe.[12]

Canada is a unique exception. Due to the unification of the Canadian Armed Forces in 1968, the air force rank titles are the same as those of the Canadian Army. Like their Commonwealth counterparts, striped rank braids increase from OF-1 to OF-5 in half strip increments. Unique to Canada is the 'pearl grey' (silver) colour for the narrow bands as opposed to the traditional light blue; this was chosen to match the colour of enlisted members' insignia in order to better reflect the RCAF's modern philosophy of 'One team, One mission'. The decision was taken not to restore the historic rank titles for the RCAF due to it being deemed 'too confusing'.

Until the late 1970s, the Royal Malaysian Air Force used the rank. Thereafter the rank of captain was used instead.

Gallery

Notable flight lieutenants

 
Bir Sreshtho Matiur Rahman, famous Bangladeshi freedom fighter.
 
Prince William in 2010, in his flight lieutenant's uniform; promoted to squadron leader in 2016

See also

References

  1. ^ Spooner, Stanley, ed. (26 June 1914). "Royal Naval Air Service Reorganisation". Flight. VI (287): 686. Retrieved 27 June 2021.
  2. ^ "No. 28845". The London Gazette. 30 June 1914. p. 5070.
  3. ^ . Royal Air Force. 2015. Archived from the original on 2 July 2008. Retrieved 22 March 2015.
  4. ^ Hobart, Malcolm C (2000). Badges and Uniforms of the Royal Air Force. Leo Cooper. p. 26. ISBN 0-85052-739-2.
  5. ^ (PDF) https://www.nao.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/Military-Flying-Training.pdf. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  6. ^ "UK Armed Forces Annual Personnel Report" (PDF). Ministry of Defence. 1 April 2013. Retrieved 22 March 2015.
  7. ^ (PDF) https://www.raf-ff.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/20190919-2019-Pay-Rates.pdf. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  8. ^ (PDF) https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/758400/00149.pdf. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  9. ^ . Debrett's. 2015. Archived from the original on 13 September 2012. Retrieved 22 March 2015.
  10. ^ "BAF RANKS". Bangladesh Air Force Website. BAF Communication Unit. 2020. Retrieved 13 December 2020.
  11. ^ "Officer ranks in Indian Army, Air Force and Navy". India Today. New Delhi. 25 February 2019. Retrieved 19 December 2020.
  12. ^ "RANKS AND BADGES IN THE AFZ". Air Force of Zimbabwe Website. Air Force of Zimbabwe. 2020. Retrieved 13 December 2020.
  13. ^ "Badges of rank" (PDF). defence.gov.au. Department of Defence (Australia). Retrieved 31 May 2021.
  14. ^ . joinbangladeshairforce.mil.bd. Archived from the original on 10 February 2019. Retrieved 11 October 2020.
  15. ^ . careerairforce.nic.in. Indian Air Force. Archived from the original on 25 February 2012. Retrieved 23 September 2021.
  16. ^ "Government Notice" (PDF). Government Gazette of the Republic of Namibia. Vol. 4547. 20 August 2010. pp. 99–102. Retrieved 20 December 2021.
  17. ^ "Badges of Rank" (PDF). nzdf.mil.nz. New Zealand Defence Force. Retrieved 28 July 2022.
  18. ^ Smaldone, Joseph P. (1992). "National Security". In Metz, Helen Chapin (ed.). Nigeria: a country study. Area Handbook (5th ed.). Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress. pp. 296–297. LCCN 92009026. Retrieved 21 October 2021.
  19. ^ "Commissioned Officers". airforce.lk. Sri Lanka Air Force. Retrieved 24 September 2021.
  20. ^ "Rank Chart (Commissioned Officers)". 69.0.195.188. Trinidad and Tobago Defence Force. Retrieved 27 May 2021.
  21. ^ "RAF Ranks". raf.mod.uk/. Royal Air Force. Retrieved 21 September 2021.
  22. ^ "No. 58941". The London Gazette (Supplement). 6 January 2009. p. 123.

February 12, 2023
flight, lieutenant, this, article, about, force, rank, film, flight, lieutenant, film, junior, commissioned, rank, forces, that, royal, force, system, ranks, especially, commonwealth, countries, nato, rank, code, abbreviated, indian, force, fltlt, pakistan, fo. This article is about the air force rank For the film see Flight Lieutenant film Flight lieutenant is a junior commissioned rank in air forces that use the Royal Air Force RAF system of ranks especially in Commonwealth countries It has a NATO rank code of OF 2 Flight lieutenant is abbreviated as Flt Lt in the Indian Air Force IAF and RAF and as FLTLT in the Pakistan Air Force PAF Royal Australian Air Force RAAF and Royal New Zealand Air Force RNZAF and has sometimes also been abbreviated as F L in many services it has never been correctly abbreviated as lieutenant A flight lieutenant ranks above flying officer and below a squadron leader and is sometimes used as an English language translation of a similar rank in non English speaking countries Flight lieutenantShoulder and sleeve insignia of a flight lieutenant from the Royal Air ForceService branchAir forcesAbbreviationFlt Lt FLTLTNATO rank codeOF 2Non NATO rankO 3Formation1 August 1919 1919 08 01 RAF Next higher rankSquadron leaderNext lower rankFlying officerEquivalent ranksCaptain British Army Royal Marines Lieutenant RN Related articlesHistoryRoyal Naval Air ServiceThe rank originated in the Royal Naval Air Service RNAS in 1914 It fell into abeyance when the RNAS merged with the Royal Flying Corps during the First World War but was revived in 1919 in the post war RAF An RAF flight lieutenant is the equivalent of a lieutenant in the Royal Navy and a captain in the British Army and Royal Marines The equivalent rank in the former Women s Auxiliary Air Force WAAF Women s Royal Air Force WRAF and Princess Mary s Royal Air Force Nursing Service PMRAFNS until 1980 was flight officer Contents 1 Origins 2 Usage in the RAF 3 Insignia 4 Other air forces 5 Gallery 6 Notable flight lieutenants 7 See also 8 ReferencesOrigins Edit The rank insignia of a Royal Naval Air Service flight lieutenant The rank originated in the Royal Navy as a rank title for naval lieutenants serving in the Royal Naval Air Service RNAS 1 Promotions to the rank were first gazetted on 30 June 1914 2 It fell into abeyance when the RNAS merged with the Royal Flying Corps during the First World War but was revived in 1919 in the post war RAF 3 On 1 April 1918 the newly created RAF adopted its officer rank titles from the British Army with Royal Naval Air Service lieutenants titled as flight lieutenants and flight commanders and Royal Flying Corps captains becoming captains in the RAF In response to the proposal that the RAF should use its own rank titles it was suggested that the RAF might use the Royal Navy s officer ranks with the word air inserted before the naval rank title For example the current rank of flight lieutenant would have been air lieutenant Although the Admiralty objected to this simple modification of their rank titles it was agreed that the RAF might base many of its officer rank titles on navy officer ranks with differing pre modifying terms It was also suggested that RAF captains might be entitled flight leaders However the rank title flight lieutenant was chosen as flights were typically commanded by RAF captains and the term flight lieutenant had been used in the Royal Naval Air Service The RAF rank of flight lieutenant was introduced in August 1919 4 and it has been used continuously since then Usage in the RAF EditRoyal Air ForceAlthough in the early years of the RAF a flight lieutenant commanded an aircraft flight with the increasing combat power of aircraft and therefore squadrons command and control has shifted up the rank structure currently for instance most squadron commanders in the RAF are Wing Commanders a reflection on the comparative combat power between the modern air force and its predecessor The RAF s promotion system is automatic up until flight lieutenant Every officer will attain the rank provided they complete their professional training and do not leave early For aircrew flight lieutenant is reached 2 5 years after commissioning Engineering Branch AS amp CE entrants with applicable bachelor s master s degrees reach flight lieutenant at 2 5 and 1 5 years respectively and for all other ground branch officers 3 5 years Aircrew are appointed to an Early Departure Payment Commission upon reaching their Operational Conversion Unit which is a commission for 20 years or age 40 whichever is later Promotion to squadron leader thereafter is strictly upon merit officers promoted beyond flight lieutenant are appointed to a career commission or service to age 60 Resigning a commission is generally dependent on the needs of the service although an officer who has completed their return of service service the RAF requires to justify its expense in originally training the officer could leave after as little as four years For aircrew given the large expense required for training this return of service is generally the length of their initial commission anyway unless they re role to a different branch having failed an element of flying training Most aircrew reach their squadrons as flight lieutenants due to the length of training time required up to four years for fast jet pilots and the significant holds in the training pipeline 5 The majority of squadron line pilots are flight lieutenants with some squadron executives or Career Commission aircrew reaching Squadron Leader Aside from aircrew whose work typically does not require active leadership for units of airmen ground branch officers can expect to operate units that can range in size from a few specialist non commissioned personnel to 50 or more personnel for engineering or other manpower intensive roles The role of a flight lieutenant generally involves management of a team of specialist non commissioned officers and airmen within their specific branch In the RAF Regiment a flight lieutenant generally has the same role and responsibility as a captain in the British Army in charge of a regiment flight of 30 men and could be second in command of a squadron of up to 120 men Flight lieutenant is the most common officer rank in the RAF in April 2013 for example there were 8 230 RAF officers of whom 3 890 47 3 were flight lieutenants 6 In RAF informal usage a flight lieutenant is sometimes referred to as a flight lieuy A Flight Lieutenant s starting salary is 42 008 48 as of 2019 7 RAF Air CadetsIn the Air Training Corps a flight lieutenant is usually the officer commanding of a squadron citation needed appointed under a Cadet Forces Commission 8 Retired flight lieutenants are the first rank that may continue to use their rank after they have left active service 9 Insignia EditThe rank insignia consists of two narrow blue bands on slightly wider black bands This is worn on both the lower sleeves of the tunic or on the shoulders of the flight suit or the casual uniform The rank insignia on the mess uniform is similar to the naval pattern being two band of gold running around each cuff but without the Royal Navy s loop Unlike senior RAF officers flight lieutenants are not entitled to fly a command flag under any circumstances An RAF flight lieutenant s sleeve shoulder insignia An RAF flight lieutenant s sleeve mess insignia An RAF flight lieutenant s sleeve on No 1 service dress uniformOther air forces EditThe rank of flight lieutenant is also used in a number of the air forces in the Commonwealth including the Bangladesh Air Force 10 Ghana Air Force Indian Air Force 11 Namibian Air Force Pakistan Air Force Royal Australian Air Force and Royal New Zealand Air Force It is also used in the Egyptian Air Force Hellenic Air Force Royal Air Force of Oman Royal Thai Air Force and the Air Force of Zimbabwe 12 Canada is a unique exception Due to the unification of the Canadian Armed Forces in 1968 the air force rank titles are the same as those of the Canadian Army Like their Commonwealth counterparts striped rank braids increase from OF 1 to OF 5 in half strip increments Unique to Canada is the pearl grey silver colour for the narrow bands as opposed to the traditional light blue this was chosen to match the colour of enlisted members insignia in order to better reflect the RCAF s modern philosophy of One team One mission The decision was taken not to restore the historic rank titles for the RCAF due to it being deemed too confusing Until the late 1970s the Royal Malaysian Air Force used the rank Thereafter the rank of captain was used instead Gallery Edit Royal Australian Air Force 13 Bangladesh Air Force 14 Ghana Air Force Indian Air Force 15 Namibian Air Force 16 Royal New Zealand Air Force 17 Nigerian Air Force 18 Pakistan Air Force Sri Lanka Air Force 19 Trinidad and Tobago Air Guard 20 Royal Air Force 21 Notable flight lieutenants Edit Bir Sreshtho Matiur Rahman famous Bangladeshi freedom fighter Prince William in 2010 in his flight lieutenant s uniform promoted to squadron leader in 2016 Alexander Prince of Yugoslavia member of Yugoslavian royal family Gerald Bouey former governor of the Bank of Canada Sir Arthur C Clarke British author and inventor Sir Christopher Lee British actor served in RAF Intelligence during World War II Peter Francis Middleton grandfather of Catherine Duchess of Cambridge and co pilot of Prince Philip Sir Patrick Moore British astronomer Donald Pleasence British actor Matiur Rahman Bangladesh Air Force Former Pakistan Air Force pilot honoured in Bangladesh with highest military honour for his heroic attempt to defect at the start of the Bangladesh Liberation War in 1971 Jerry Rawlings Ghanaian politician who twice served as his country s president Ian Smith Prime Minister of Rhodesia 1964 1979 Rory Underwood Leicester England and British and Irish Lions winger 22 Jim Vipond Canadian sports columnist Gough Whitlam Prime Minister of Australia 1972 1975 John Nichol Former RAF Navigator Gulf War prisoner of war and motivational speaker See also Edit United Kingdom portal War portal Aviation portal Air force officer rank insignia British and U S military ranks compared Comparative military ranks RAF officer ranks Ranks of the RAAF Lieutenant for pronunciation References Edit Spooner Stanley ed 26 June 1914 Royal Naval Air Service Reorganisation Flight VI 287 686 Retrieved 27 June 2021 No 28845 The London Gazette 30 June 1914 p 5070 Ranks and Badges of the RAF Royal Air Force 2015 Archived from the original on 2 July 2008 Retrieved 22 March 2015 Hobart Malcolm C 2000 Badges and Uniforms of the Royal Air Force Leo Cooper p 26 ISBN 0 85052 739 2 PDF https www nao org uk wp content uploads 2015 06 Military Flying Training pdf a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a Missing or empty title help UK Armed Forces Annual Personnel Report PDF Ministry of Defence 1 April 2013 Retrieved 22 March 2015 PDF https www raf ff org uk wp content uploads 2019 09 20190919 2019 Pay Rates pdf a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a Missing or empty title help PDF https assets publishing service gov uk government uploads system uploads attachment data file 758400 00149 pdf a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a Missing or empty title help Armed Forces Forms Of Address Debrett s 2015 Archived from the original on 13 September 2012 Retrieved 22 March 2015 BAF RANKS Bangladesh Air Force Website BAF Communication Unit 2020 Retrieved 13 December 2020 Officer ranks in Indian Army Air Force and Navy India Today New Delhi 25 February 2019 Retrieved 19 December 2020 RANKS AND BADGES IN THE AFZ Air Force of Zimbabwe Website Air Force of Zimbabwe 2020 Retrieved 13 December 2020 Badges of rank PDF defence gov au Department of Defence Australia Retrieved 31 May 2021 OFFICER S RANKS joinbangladeshairforce mil bd Archived from the original on 10 February 2019 Retrieved 11 October 2020 For Officers careerairforce nic in Indian Air Force Archived from the original on 25 February 2012 Retrieved 23 September 2021 Government Notice PDF Government Gazette of the Republic of Namibia Vol 4547 20 August 2010 pp 99 102 Retrieved 20 December 2021 Badges of Rank PDF nzdf mil nz New Zealand Defence Force Retrieved 28 July 2022 Smaldone Joseph P 1992 National Security In Metz Helen Chapin ed Nigeria a country study Area Handbook 5th ed Washington D C Library of Congress pp 296 297 LCCN 92009026 Retrieved 21 October 2021 Commissioned Officers airforce lk Sri Lanka Air Force Retrieved 24 September 2021 Rank Chart Commissioned Officers 69 0 195 188 Trinidad and Tobago Defence Force Retrieved 27 May 2021 RAF Ranks raf mod uk Royal Air Force Retrieved 21 September 2021 No 58941 The London Gazette Supplement 6 January 2009 p 123 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Flight lieutenant amp oldid 1132037632, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.