Guyana Defence Force
The Guyana Defence Force (GDF) is the military of Guyana, established in 1965. It has military bases across the nation.[5] The Commander-in-Chief of the Defence Force is always the incumbent President of Guyana.[6]
| Guyana Defence Force | |
|---|---|
GDF emblem | |
Guyana Defence Force flag | |
| Motto | "SERVICE"[2] |
| Founded | 1 November 1965 (de facto) 22 May 1966 (de jure)[1] |
| Service branches |
|
| Leadership | |
| Commander-in-Chief | Mohamed Irfaan Ali |
| Chief of Staff | Omar Khan[3] |
| Personnel | |
| Military age | 18 years of age |
| Conscription | No |
| Active personnel | 4600 |
| Reserve personnel | 3000 |
| Deployed personnel | 4600 |
| Expenditures | |
| Percent of GDP | 1.69% (2018)[4] |
| Industry | |
| Foreign suppliers | |
| Related articles | |
| History | Rupununi Uprising |
| Ranks | Military ranks of Guyana |
History
The GDF was formed on 1 November 1965. Members of the new Defence Force were drawn from the British Guiana Volunteer Force (BGVF), Special Service Unit (SSU), British Guiana Police Force (BGPF) and civilians. Training assistance was provided by British instructors.
In January 1969, the GDF faced their first test when the Rupununi Uprising, a bloody separatist movement in southern Guyana, attempted to annex the territory to Venezuela that was contained 3 days later with a balance of between 70 and 100 dead.
In August 1969 the GDF launch a surprise attack code name Operation Climax to remove Suriname military personnel from the New River Triangle. The operation was executed with maximum precision and the Suriname ultimate decision was a hasty withdrawal. To date, this operation remains one of the most successful ventures of the Force.[7]
The GDF is an integral part of the Guyanese nation. Resources and equipment of the GDF are used to help other Guyanese; examples include medical mercy flights and the construction of roads and airstrips by the Engineering Corps.
Enlistment into the force is voluntary for officers and soldiers. Basic training is done within GDF training schools, which has also trained officers and soldiers from Commonwealth Caribbean territories. However, officers are trained at one of two British officer training schools: Royal Military Academy Sandhurst (Infantry Training) and Britannia Royal Naval College (Coast Guard Training).
The training and skills gained by the members of the GDF have been used when they move either into civilian life or into the sister military organizations, the Guyana National Reserve (now the Second Infantry Battalion Group Reserve, which numbers around 3,000 reservists) and formerly the Guyana National Service (disbanded in 2000) and the Guyana People's Militia.
Role of the GDF
- Defend the territorial integrity of Guyana.
- Assist the civil power in the maintenance of law and order when required to do so.
- Contribute to the economic development of Guyana.
Organization
- 1st Infantry Battalion Group
- 3rd Infantry Battalion
- 2nd Infantry Battalion Group Reserve (formerly the Guyana People's Militia)
- 31 Special Forces Squadron
- 21st Artillery Company
- Engineer Battalion
- Signals Corps
- Defence Headquarters
- Training Corps
- Intelligence Corps
- Coast Guard
- Band Corps
- Medical Corps
- Air Corps
1st Infantry Battalion Group
In the 1980s, the Guyana Defence Force manned the Amawai, Roraima, Ireng, and Takutu sectors, while the Kutari Sector was manned by the then Guyana National Service. In 1988, these GDF battalions were merged to create the 1st Infantry Battalion, later known as the 1st Infantry Battalion Group. At that time, the Force had more resources, including human, financial, and materiel, compared to its current state. However, today, the amalgamated battalion faces significant challenges as it is now required to carry out the tasks previously handled by multiple units. This poses a considerable challenge, especially given the changing dynamics in the global environment, which are impacting the nation's security.[8]
GDF Band Corps
The Guyana Defence Force Band Corps is the official musical unit of the GDF whose role is to provide musical accompaniment for ceremonial functions of the GDF.[9] The members were drawn from the Rifle Companies and the defunct Volunteer Force and were brought out during regimental military parades. The Guyana Defence Force Steel Band would soon follow the main band's lead after its own establishment in 1970, three years after the original band was founded.[10]
Medical Corps
The Medical Corps provides medical and dental care to all the members of the GDF and their immediate families. It often liaises with the Health ministry for medical procedures and protocol to be carried out effectively. The corps is situated in Base Camp Ayanganna which includes facilities such as a medical laboratory and a dental lab.[11]
Chief of Staff
Army equipment
Small arms
Vehicles
Reconnaissance
| Name | Image | Type | Origin | Quantity | Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EE-9 Cascavel | Armored Car | Brazil | 18[citation needed] | INS | ||
| VEC-M1 | Armored Car | Spain | 42 | INS | ||
| Shorland | Armored Car | United Kingdom | 5[13] | INS |
Armored personnel carriers
| Name | Image | Type | Origin | Quantity | Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EE-11 Urutu | Amphibious Armored personnel carrier | Brazil | 24[14] | INS |
Utility vehicles
| Name | Image | Type | Origin | Quantity | Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ford F-350 | Utility vehicle | United States | 10 | INS | ||
| Trucks | ||||||
| Mercedes-Benz NG | Utility truck | West Germany | 24 | INS | ||
| Tatra 815-7 | Utility truck | Czech Republic | 24 | INS | ||
| Type 73 | Utility truck | Japan | 100 | INS | ||
| Mfezi | Ambulance truck | South Africa | 8 | INS | ||
Artillery
| Name | Image | Type | Origin | Quantity | Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mortars | ||||||
| PM-43 | Mortar | Soviet Union | 18[citation needed] | INS | ||
| L16 | Mortar | United Kingdom | Unknown[15] | INS | ||
| Field artillery | ||||||
| M-46 | Field gun | Soviet Union | 6[16] | INS | ||
Air defence
Man-portable air-defence systems
| Name | Image | Type | Origin | Quantity | Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 9K32 Strela-2 | MANPADS | Soviet Union | [17] | INS | 24 launchers. |
Aircraft inventory
The Defence force air wing was formed in 1968 and was then renamed the Guyana Defence force air command in 1973. Seven Britten-Norman BN-2A Islander were delivered over a five-year period in the 1970s and then were supplemented by Short Skyvans series 3Ms in 1979. In 1986 3 Mil Mi-8 were delivered. The GDF currently operates 24 fixed-wing aircraft and 24 helicopters. 2 Do-228 aircraft for Guyana Defence Force (GDF) – Air Corps was ordered from Hindustan Aeronautics Limited[18]
Current inventory
| Aircraft | Origin | Type | Variant | In service | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Transport | ||||||
| Short Skyvan | United Kingdom | utility | 3[19] | |||
| BN-2 Islander | United Kingdom | utility | 2[19] | |||
| Super King Air | United States | VIP transport | 350 | 1[20] | ||
| Dornier 228 | India | utility | 2 on order[21] | |||
| Helicopters | ||||||
| Bell 206 | United States | utility | 2[19] | |||
| Bell 412 | United States | utility | 2[19][20] | |||
Retired aircraft
Previous notable aircraft operated by the Air Wing were the Cessna 182, Cessna 206, Embraer EMB 110, Helio Courier, Aérospatiale Alouette III, Bell 212, and the Mil Mi-8.[22]
Coast Guard
The Guyana Defence Force Coast Guard is the naval component of the Guyana Defence Force.
- 1 150 DEFIANT metal shark boat on order[23]
- 1 River-class minesweeper — Acquired from the United Kingdom around August 2001.[24] GDFS Essequibo is ex-Royal Navy Orwell (M2011). The ship is considered in unserviceable condition, as of 2022[update].[25][26]
- 4 T-44 patrol boats — Ex-United States Coast Guard motor lifeboats acquired from the United States around June 2001.[24][27] 18 tons full load.
- 7 Metal Shark Boats patrol boats — 5 28-foot, and 2 38-foot.[28] The first 3 of the aluminum-hulled 28-foot boats were donated by the United States in March 2014.[29][30] In March 2017, 2 of the 38-foot boats were acquired.[28][31]
- 1 Metal Shark Boats offshore patrol vessel — 1 on order, scheduled for delivery in 2022.[25][26]
References
- ^ DeRouen, Karl R. (2005). Defense and Security: A Compendium of National Armed Forces and Security Policies. ABC-CLIO. p. 116. ISBN 9781851097814.
- ^ GDF. "Where it all began". www.gdf.mil.gy.
- ^ "GDF".
- ^ "South America: Guyana". The World Factbook. CIA. 15 March 2020. Retrieved 6 April 2020.
- ^ "3 soldiers killed in explosion at Guyana military base - CityNews Toronto". toronto.citynews.ca. Retrieved 17 August 2020.
- ^ "Guyana Defence Force". Global Security.
- ^ . gdf.mil.gy. Archived from the original on 13 March 2018. Retrieved 26 April 2021.
- ^ "1st Infantry Battalion".
- ^ . gdf.mil.gy. Archived from the original on 13 March 2018. Retrieved 26 April 2021.
- ^ . gdf.mil.gy. Archived from the original on 11 November 2017. Retrieved 26 April 2021.
- ^ . gdf.mil.gy. Archived from the original on 8 November 2017. Retrieved 26 April 2021.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Jones, Richard D., ed. (2009). Jane's Infantry Weapons 2009/2010 (35th ed.). Jane's Information Group. ISBN 978-0-7106-2869-5.
- ^ "Trade Registers". Armstrade.sipri.org. Retrieved 2015-01-01.
- ^ Christopher F. Foss (2001). Jane's Armour and Artillery (2002 ed.). Macdonald and Jane's Publishers Ltd. p. 428. ISBN 978-0-7106-2309-6.
- ^ Berrigan, Frida; Ciarrocca, Michelle (November 2000). . World Policy Institute. Archived from the original on 23 August 2018. Retrieved 2018-08-29.
- ^ International Institute for Strategic Studies (2020). The Military Balance. Vol. 120. Routledge. pp. 141–506. ISBN 978-0-367-46639-8.
- ^ . Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. Archived from the original on 2010-04-14. Retrieved 2018-07-20.
- ^ Herk, Hans van (29 January 2023). "Indian Do228s for Guyana". www.scramble.nl. Retrieved 2023-02-14.
- ^ a b c d "World Air Forces 2023". Flightglobal Insight. 2023. Retrieved 7 December 2022.
- ^ a b "New aircraft for the Guyana Defence Force". Scramble - Dutch Aviation Society. 9 July 2023. Retrieved 10 July 2023.
- ^ Herk, Hans van (29 January 2023). "Indian Do228s for Guyana". www.scramble.nl. Retrieved 2023-03-01.
- ^ "All-Time Aircraft Used List Guyana Defence Force". Aeroflight. 27 February 2017.
- ^ "August 8th, 2022: Metal Shark Building 115-Foot Military Patrol Vessel for Guyana Defense Force | Metal Shark".
- ^ a b "Four US boats for Coast Guard to arrive by Monday", Stabroek News reprinted on the 44ft Motor Lifeboats website, 2001-06-02, from the original on 2022-01-05, retrieved 2022-05-01
- ^ a b Chabrol, Denis (2021-06-14), "Guyana purchases US$11.5 million "purpose-built" Coast Guard vessel", Demerara Waves website, from the original on 2021-06-14, retrieved 2022-05-01
- ^ a b Belgrave, Shervin (2021-06-15), "Govt. paying US company US$11.5M for boat to protect Guyana from invasion, piracy", Kaieteur News website, from the original on 2022-05-01, retrieved 2022-05-01
- ^ Lawford, Clive, "U.S. Coast Guard 44350 - 44409", 44ft Motor Lifeboats website, from the original on 2022-01-05, retrieved 2022-05-01
- ^ a b Henry, Zena (2017-03-30), "GDF gets new patrol boats", Guyana Chronicle website, from the original on 2017-03-30, retrieved 2022-05-01
- ^ "GDF gets three patrol boats from U.S valued $340M", Guyana Chronicle website, 2014-03-21, from the original on 2019-10-08, retrieved 2021-10-15
- ^ "US 'Shark' boats to aid drug fight", Stabroek News website, 2014-03-22, retrieved 2022-05-01
- ^ Khatoon, Bibi (2017-03-29), "GDF boosted with approximately $300M boat purchases", News Room Guyana website, from the original on 2017-04-01, retrieved 2022-05-01
External links
- Official website