Lewisiopsis tweedyi is a flowering plant and sole species in genus Lewisiopsis.[1][2] The species, formerly known as Cistanthe tweedyi and Lewisia tweedyi,[3] is now classified in the family Montiaceae. The plant is known by the common names Tweedy's pussypaws, Tweedy's lewisia, or Tweedy's bitterroot. It is endemic to western North America in north-central Washington and adjacent British Columbia. It commonly grows on well-drained slopes often on rocky slopes or in rock crevices from low elevation ponderosa pine sites up to the drier part of the Grand Fir zone of the North Cascades.[4] The flowers usually have a coral, apricot, or pink color.
The genus name of Lewisiopsis is in honour of Meriwether Lewis (1774–1809), who was an American explorer, soldier, politician, and public administrator, best known for his role as the leader of the Lewis and Clark Expedition.[5]
The root of Lewisiopsis is reddish, fleshy, and extremely thick.[4] The root can grow to be two to three feet long although some are much shorter.
Basal leaves are entire, leathery and broadly ovate. One or two bract-like cauline leaves (not shown) may be present, also.
There are numerous, evergreen, smooth, succulent and light green leaves. The margins on the leaves are up to 1 foot (30 cm) long including the stems. The blades of the leaves are sometimes shallowly notched at the apex and are up to 2 inches (5 cm) wide and are ovate. The petioles are 3⁄8 inch (10 mm) wide and are as long as the blades. The petioles appear flattened and the edges are turned upward forming a shallow groove at the base. The underside of the stem is ridged at the base. A mature plant is typically 8 inches (20 cm) in diameter.
Flowers and fruitedit
The inflorescence is an open, terminal raceme with small bracts. Each flower has two sepals and eight to twelve broad petals, a cup-shaped blossom, up to 3 inches (7.6 cm) across.[4] Petals are cream becoming apricot or pink near the tips. As they age, they close and cling together being replaced by the lower petals. The 12 to 25 stamens are about half as long as the petals. The single style terminates in a three to eight-parted stigma. The fruit is a small egg-shaped one-celled capsule that contains up to 12 to 20 seeds.
Lewisiopsis flowers in May, June, and July, depending on elevation.
Distributionedit
Lewisiopsis is endemic to the Wenatchee Mountains and Methow Valley of Washington State, and in Manning Park of British Columbia.[7] Populations may be found near Mount Stuart, Tumwater Canyon, Chumstick Creek, as well as at the top of high ridges. It is one of the regions showiest herbaceous plants. It has a limited geographic range but is quite common within that area.[4]
Habitat and ecologyedit
The open habitat of higher elevation occurrences of Lewisiopsis
Lewisiopsis is perennial. It is typically found at elevation of 1,500 to 4,500 feet (460 to 1,370 m). It hides from the sun at low elevations and is found in the shade. As the elevations increase, the plant reveals itself to the sun. It can live up to temperatures of 100 °F (38 °C) in the summer time. In its native environment, Lewisiopsis can handle temperature below 30 °F (−1 °C) degrees, although the flowers may die.
Cultivationedit
The nursery trade has taken some interest in cultivating Lewisiopsis because it is perennial, has showy blooms and it is drought tolerant.[4] In wet climates, if the root crown of the plant gets wet, it will die causing the death of the entire plant. If cultured, perfect drainage is required for survival. The use of broken or crushed rock mixed with humus will keep the plant alive. Placing a small rock under the crowns can prevent the crown from getting wet. The plant will not die of thirst because the leathery leaves and roots will store enough water.
^Nyffeler, R; Eggli, U; Ogburn, RM; Edwards, EJ (2008). "Variations on a theme: repeated evolution of succulent life forms in the Portulacineae" (PDF). Haseltonia. 14: 26–36. doi:10.2985/1070-0048-14.1.26. S2CID 85776997.
^Hershkovitz, Mark A. (1992). "Leaf Morphology and Taxonomic Analysis of Cistanthe tweedyi (Nee Lewisia tweedyi; Portulacaceae)". Systematic Botany. 17 (2): 220–238. doi:10.2307/2419519. JSTOR 2419519.
^Burkhardt, Lotte (2022). Eine Enzyklopädie zu eponymischen Pflanzennamen [Encyclopedia of eponymic plant names] (pdf) (in German). Berlin: Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum, Freie Universität Berlin. doi:10.3372/epolist2022. ISBN978-3-946292-41-8. Retrieved January 27, 2022.
^Harrison, Lorraine (2012). RHS Latin for Gardeners. United Kingdom: Mitchell Beazley. ISBN978-1845337315.
^"Tweedy's bitterroot". Garden of Paghat. Retrieved 2011-08-17.
^"RHS Plantfinder - Lewisiopsis tweedyi". Retrieved 13 October 2020.
^"AGM Plants - Ornamental" (PDF). Royal Horticultural Society. July 2017. p. 60. Retrieved 22 March 2018.
Wiley, Leonard (1968). Rare Wild Flowers of North America. Portland, Oregon: Wiley.
External linksedit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Lewisiopsis tweedyi (category)
November 01, 2023
lewisiopsis, tweedyi, flowering, plant, sole, species, genus, species, formerly, known, cistanthe, tweedyi, lewisia, tweedyi, classified, family, montiaceae, plant, known, common, names, tweedy, pussypaws, tweedy, lewisia, tweedy, bitterroot, endemic, western,. Lewisiopsis tweedyi is a flowering plant and sole species in genus Lewisiopsis 1 2 The species formerly known as Cistanthe tweedyi and Lewisia tweedyi 3 is now classified in the family Montiaceae The plant is known by the common names Tweedy s pussypaws Tweedy s lewisia or Tweedy s bitterroot It is endemic to western North America in north central Washington and adjacent British Columbia It commonly grows on well drained slopes often on rocky slopes or in rock crevices from low elevation ponderosa pine sites up to the drier part of the Grand Fir zone of the North Cascades 4 The flowers usually have a coral apricot or pink color Lewisiopsis tweedyiScientific classificationKingdom PlantaeClade TracheophytesClade AngiospermsClade EudicotsOrder CaryophyllalesFamily MontiaceaeGenus LewisiopsisGovaertsSpecies L tweedyiBinomial nameLewisiopsis tweedyi A Gray GovaertsSynonymsLewisia tweedyiCistanthe tweedyiCalandrinia tweedyi Contents 1 Etymology 2 Morphology 3 Flowers and fruit 4 Distribution 5 Habitat and ecology 6 Cultivation 7 References 8 External linksEtymology editThe genus name of Lewisiopsis is in honour of Meriwether Lewis 1774 1809 who was an American explorer soldier politician and public administrator best known for his role as the leader of the Lewis and Clark Expedition 5 The Latin specific epithet tweedyi honours Frank Tweedy the 19th century American topographer 6 The genus was circumscribed by Rafael Herman Anna Govaerts in World Checkl Seed Pl vol 3 Edition 1 on page 21 in 1999 Morphology editThe root of Lewisiopsis is reddish fleshy and extremely thick 4 The root can grow to be two to three feet long although some are much shorter nbsp Basal leaves are entire leathery and broadly ovate One or two bract like cauline leaves not shown may be present also There are numerous evergreen smooth succulent and light green leaves The margins on the leaves are up to 1 foot 30 cm long including the stems The blades of the leaves are sometimes shallowly notched at the apex and are up to 2 inches 5 cm wide and are ovate The petioles are 3 8 inch 10 mm wide and are as long as the blades The petioles appear flattened and the edges are turned upward forming a shallow groove at the base The underside of the stem is ridged at the base A mature plant is typically 8 inches 20 cm in diameter Flowers and fruit editThe inflorescence is an open terminal raceme with small bracts Each flower has two sepals and eight to twelve broad petals a cup shaped blossom up to 3 inches 7 6 cm across 4 Petals are cream becoming apricot or pink near the tips As they age they close and cling together being replaced by the lower petals The 12 to 25 stamens are about half as long as the petals The single style terminates in a three to eight parted stigma The fruit is a small egg shaped one celled capsule that contains up to 12 to 20 seeds Lewisiopsis flowers in May June and July depending on elevation Distribution editLewisiopsis is endemic to the Wenatchee Mountains and Methow Valley of Washington State and in Manning Park of British Columbia 7 Populations may be found near Mount Stuart Tumwater Canyon Chumstick Creek as well as at the top of high ridges It is one of the regions showiest herbaceous plants It has a limited geographic range but is quite common within that area 4 Habitat and ecology edit nbsp The open habitat of higher elevation occurrences of LewisiopsisLewisiopsis is perennial It is typically found at elevation of 1 500 to 4 500 feet 460 to 1 370 m It hides from the sun at low elevations and is found in the shade As the elevations increase the plant reveals itself to the sun It can live up to temperatures of 100 F 38 C in the summer time In its native environment Lewisiopsis can handle temperature below 30 F 1 C degrees although the flowers may die Cultivation editThe nursery trade has taken some interest in cultivating Lewisiopsis because it is perennial has showy blooms and it is drought tolerant 4 In wet climates if the root crown of the plant gets wet it will die causing the death of the entire plant If cultured perfect drainage is required for survival The use of broken or crushed rock mixed with humus will keep the plant alive Placing a small rock under the crowns can prevent the crown from getting wet The plant will not die of thirst because the leathery leaves and roots will store enough water This plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society s Award of Garden Merit 8 9 References edit Lewisiopsis tweedyi Germplasm Resources Information Network Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Retrieved 2018 01 16 Nyffeler R Eggli U Ogburn RM Edwards EJ 2008 Variations on a theme repeated evolution of succulent life forms in the Portulacineae PDF Haseltonia 14 26 36 doi 10 2985 1070 0048 14 1 26 S2CID 85776997 Hershkovitz Mark A 1992 Leaf Morphology and Taxonomic Analysis of Cistanthe tweedyi Nee Lewisia tweedyi Portulacaceae Systematic Botany 17 2 220 238 doi 10 2307 2419519 JSTOR 2419519 a b c d e nbsp This article incorporates public domain material from Terry Lillybridge Plant of the week Tweedy s lewisia United States Department of Agriculture Retrieved 2009 12 15 Burkhardt Lotte 2022 Eine Enzyklopadie zu eponymischen Pflanzennamen Encyclopedia of eponymic plant names pdf in German Berlin Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Freie Universitat Berlin doi 10 3372 epolist2022 ISBN 978 3 946292 41 8 Retrieved January 27 2022 Harrison Lorraine 2012 RHS Latin for Gardeners United Kingdom Mitchell Beazley ISBN 978 1845337315 Tweedy s bitterroot Garden of Paghat Retrieved 2011 08 17 RHS Plantfinder Lewisiopsis tweedyi Retrieved 13 October 2020 AGM Plants Ornamental PDF Royal Horticultural Society July 2017 p 60 Retrieved 22 March 2018 Wiley Leonard 1968 Rare Wild Flowers of North America Portland Oregon Wiley External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lewisiopsis tweedyi category Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Lewisiopsis amp oldid 1094138006, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
