Les Abymes
Les Abymes (French pronunciation: [lɛzabim]) is the most populous commune in the French overseas region and department of Guadeloupe, in the Lesser Antilles. It is located on the west side of the island of Grande-Terre, and is part of the largest metropolitan area of Guadeloupe, which also covers Pointe-à-Pitre.[3]
Les Abymes | |
|---|---|
The Main Square in Les Abymes | |
Location of the commune (in red) within Guadeloupe | |
| Coordinates: 16°16′N 61°31′W / 16.27°N 61.52°WCoordinates: 16°16′N 61°31′W / 16.27°N 61.52°W | |
| Country | France |
| Overseas region and department | Guadeloupe |
| Arrondissement | Pointe-à-Pitre |
| Canton | Les Abymes-1, 2 and 3 |
| Intercommunality | CAP Excellence |
| Government | |
| • Mayor (2020–2026) | Éric Jalton[1] |
| Area 1 | 81.25 km2 (31.37 sq mi) |
| Population (Jan. 2019)[2] | 53,514 |
| • Density | 660/km2 (1,700/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC−04:00 (AST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 97101 /97139 and 97142 |
| Elevation | 0–120 m (0–394 ft) |
| 1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |
The inhabitants of the commune are known as Abymiens or Abymiennes.[4]
Geography
Les Abymes is located some 3 km north-east of Pointe-à-Pitre, 7 km east of Baie-Mahault, and 10 km south-west of Morne-à-l'Eau. Access to the commune is by Route nationale N1 from Baie-Mahault in the west which passes along the southern border of the commune and continues south as the N4. The N5 branches off the N1 and goes north-east through the centre of the commune and continues north-east to Morne-a-L'eau. The N11 branches off the N5 on the south-east of the town and continues north-west then west rejoining the N1. The D106 road also goes north from the commune to Vieux Bourg. The Route du Palais Royal passes north-east through the commune to join the N5. The Route de Chazeau branches from the Route du Palais Royal and goes north-east to Doubs.[5]
Access to the Pointe-à-Pitre International Airport is from the N11.
Les Abymes is integrated into the urban area of Pointe-à-Pitre and, like the rest of the island, has a tropical climate.
Localities and hamlets
- Bauzon
- Baimbridge
- Bazin
- Beau-Soleil
- Besson
- Boisripeau
- Boisvin
- Boisvinière
- Boricaud
- Bouliqui
- Caduc
- Caraque
- Céligny
- Chauvel
- Chazeau
- Coma
- David
- Deravinières
- Doubs
- Dugazon
- Gaoza
- Grand-Camp
- Léonie
- Masselas
- Morne-Fleuri
- Nérée
- Papin
- Petit-Pérou
- Pointe-d'Or
- Quatre Chemins
- Le Raizet
Neighbouring communes and villages[5]
Climate
Les Abymes has a tropical monsoon climate (Köppen climate classification Am). The average annual temperature in Les Abymes is 26.7 °C (80.1 °F). The average annual rainfall is 1,557.8 mm (61.33 in) with October as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 28.1 °C (82.6 °F), and lowest in February, at around 25.0 °C (77.0 °F). The highest temperature ever recorded in Les Abymes was 34.2 °C (93.6 °F) on 21 July 2001 and 10 August 1995; the coldest temperature ever recorded was 13.0 °C (55.4 °F) on 4 February 1958.
| Climate data for Les Abymes (Le Raizet Airport, altitude 11m, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1951–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 31.8 (89.2) | 32.1 (89.8) | 32.8 (91.0) | 33.3 (91.9) | 33.3 (91.9) | 33.4 (92.1) | 34.2 (93.6) | 34.2 (93.6) | 34.1 (93.4) | 34.1 (93.4) | 33.4 (92.1) | 32.4 (90.3) | 34.2 (93.6) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 29.1 (84.4) | 29.1 (84.4) | 29.6 (85.3) | 30.2 (86.4) | 30.8 (87.4) | 31.4 (88.5) | 31.6 (88.9) | 31.8 (89.2) | 31.6 (88.9) | 31.3 (88.3) | 30.5 (86.9) | 29.6 (85.3) | 30.6 (87.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 25.0 (77.0) | 25.0 (77.0) | 25.4 (77.7) | 26.3 (79.3) | 27.3 (81.1) | 27.9 (82.2) | 28.0 (82.4) | 28.1 (82.6) | 27.8 (82.0) | 27.4 (81.3) | 26.5 (79.7) | 25.6 (78.1) | 26.7 (80.1) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 20.9 (69.6) | 20.9 (69.6) | 21.1 (70.0) | 22.4 (72.3) | 23.7 (74.7) | 24.5 (76.1) | 24.5 (76.1) | 24.3 (75.7) | 24.0 (75.2) | 23.5 (74.3) | 22.6 (72.7) | 21.6 (70.9) | 22.8 (73.0) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 13.5 (56.3) | 13.0 (55.4) | 13.9 (57.0) | 15.8 (60.4) | 16.4 (61.5) | 18.9 (66.0) | 19.6 (67.3) | 19.8 (67.6) | 19.5 (67.1) | 19.0 (66.2) | 16.8 (62.2) | 14.4 (57.9) | 13.0 (55.4) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 89.3 (3.52) | 58.2 (2.29) | 72.3 (2.85) | 98.9 (3.89) | 122.5 (4.82) | 105.2 (4.14) | 134.6 (5.30) | 162.8 (6.41) | 198.3 (7.81) | 202.7 (7.98) | 186.4 (7.34) | 126.6 (4.98) | 1,557.8 (61.33) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 15.7 | 12.8 | 11.4 | 12.2 | 12.7 | 13.2 | 15.3 | 16.4 | 16.1 | 16.6 | 17.0 | 16.4 | 175.8 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 200.9 | 190.7 | 214.0 | 209.0 | 215.1 | 209.5 | 213.8 | 223.2 | 199.3 | 197.7 | 182.5 | 193.4 | 2,449 |
| Source: Météo-France[6] | |||||||||||||
History
The islands have been occupied since pre-Columbian times. Some remains have been found in the Dothémare area but the most remarkable were those found in Belle Plaine where surveys conducted by the Direction régionale des affaires culturelles (DRAC) in 2006 revealed the existence of a sizeable town dated from 1000 and 1200 AD (Troumassoid culture).
The first village, located a few kilometres from the current urban centre, was founded in 1691. It consisted of a few houses and experienced some development through the cultivation of sugar cane, cocoa, and coffee. A Parish Church was built in Les Abymes in 1726.
Administration
Les Abymes belongs to the community of communes called Cap Excellence which brings it together with Pointe-à-Pitre and Baie-Mahault. The commune is divided into three cantons:
- Canton of Les Abymes-1;
- Canton of Les Abymes-2;
- Canton of Les Abymes-3, which also includes part of Le Gosier.
This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. (April 2021) |
| From | To | Name |
|---|---|---|
| 1965 | 1967 | Maurice Fleury |
| 1967 | 1995 | Frédéric Jalton |
| 1995 | 1995 | René-Serge Nabajoth |
| 1995 | 2008 | Daniel Marsin |
| 2008 | 2026 | Éric Jalton |
Twinning
Les Abymes has twinning associations with:
- Boucherville (Canada) since 1988.[8]
- Créteil (France)
Demography
In 2017 the commune had 53,491 inhabitants.
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1954 | 18,425 | — |
| 1961 | 30,791 | +7.61% |
| 1967 | 39,911 | +4.42% |
| 1974 | 53,605 | +4.30% |
| 1982 | 56,165 | +0.58% |
| 1990 | 62,605 | +1.37% |
| 1999 | 63,054 | +0.08% |
| 2007 | 59,404 | −0.74% |
| 2012 | 58,606 | −0.27% |
| 2017 | 53,491 | −1.81% |
| Source: INSEE[9] | ||
Economy
Most of the economic activity of Les Abymes is related to the presence of the Pointe-à-Pitre International Airport (formerly Aéroport du Raizet). The airline Air Caraïbes has its headquarters in Les Abymes.[10]
Although not a resort, Les Abymes is the second most important economic centre of Guadeloupe after the industrial zone of Jarry. The Milénis shopping centre is located in the commune. The "Family Plaza Complex" including a multiplex cinema, a shopping mall, and a leisure centre is due to open in 2015.[11]
Facilities
Education
There are several educational institutions in the commune:
Public primary level:
Public junior high schools:[13]
- Collège du Bourg ;
- Collège du Raizet ;
- Collège Alexandre-Isaac ; (named after Alexandre Isaac, Senator)
- Collège Saint-John-Perse ;
- Collège Excellence-Sportive ;
Public sixth-form colleges/senior high schools:[13]
- LGT Baimbridge
- Lycée Jardin-d'Essai - General sixth-form/high school and technological high school
- LGT Félix Proto
- LPO Chevalier de Saint-Georges
Private primary level:
Private secondary schools under contract:[14]
- Lycée La Persévérance - private school for general and technological education
- Lycée Professionnel esthétique/coiffure
The Apprentice Training School for the Chamber of Crafts of Guadeloupe.[citation needed]
Former schools??
- Lycée Général Providence - General sixth-form/high school and technological high school[citation needed]
The commune also hosts the headquarters of the Rector of the Académie de la Guadeloupe ("Academy of Guadeloupe"). A new building is under construction in the Dothémare-Providence ZAC scheduled for completion in the first quarter 2015.[15]
Health
The University Hospital (CHU) of Pointe-à-Pitre / Les Abymes was the largest on the island in 2013 bringing together some 40 hospital services covering all medical fields with a total capacity of 862 beds with 319 doctors, 120 interns, and 3,000 hospital workers.[16] The hospital is to be rebuilt at Perrin (commencing 2016 for delivery in 2019).
The Polyclinic of Guadeloupe is located at Morne Jolivière and is a private care centre with a total capacity of 110 beds including 20 beds for maternity.[17]
Culture
- The Sonis Cultural Centre
- The Renée Élie Hall at Chazeau
- The Joseph Théodore Faustin Hall
- A Multiplex Cinema at the "Family Plaza Complex" (under construction, expected completion June 2015)
- The Félix-Proto Community Centre (under construction, expected completion end of 2015)
Culture and heritage
Civil heritage
The commune has a number of buildings and structures that are registered as historical monuments:
- A Revenue Office on Rue Frédéric (1932) [18]
- The former Town Hall on Rue du Général Delacroix (1933) [19]
- A Sepulchral Monument on Rue du Général Delacroix (1932) [20]
- The Joseph Ricou Hospital on Rue de l'Hôpital (1931) [21]
- The Market in the Place du Marché (1931) [22]
- The War Memorial (1937) [23]
- The Petrelluzzi House at Morne-Fleuri (20th century) [24]
- The Mamiel Dwelling (19th century) [25]
- Other sites of interest
- The mangroves
- The Taonaba Mangrove House
- The Perrin and Belle Plaine Channel
- A Memorial from 1889 for the centenary of the French Revolution
- The Abymes, Land of convergence Monument at the entry to the town showing the location of different communities on the island.
- La Mulâtresse Solitude (1772–1802), a statue erected in 1999 in the Baimbridge district in memory of resistance against slavery, by the sculptor Jacky Poulier.
- A Statue of Nelson Mandela erected in 2014 at the Petit-Pérou roundabout in memory of the President of South Africa, by the sculptor Jean Moisa[26]
Religious heritage
The commune has two religious buildings and structures that are registered as historical monuments:
- The Parish Church of the Immaculate Conception (1930) [27]
- A Presbytery at Rue Schoelcher (1932) [28]
- Other religious sites of interest
- A Hindu Temple
- A Calvary
Sports
- Sports Facilities
- The Stade René Serge Nabajoth (capacity: 7,500 people)
- Inter-communal Swimming Pool at Dugazon
- Tennis
- Golf (9 holes)
- The Centre of Sports Resources, expertise, and performance (CREPS) of Antilles Guyana is located in the commune, on an area of 9 hectares on the site of the old Darboussier stadium.
- Sports Clubs
- Jeunesse Sportive Abymienne, football and Handball
- Le Siroco, football
- Jeunesse Evolution, football
- La Juventa, football
- la MJC Abymes, football, Basketball
- JCA (Jeunesse Cycliste des Abymes), cycling
- CSCA (Convergence Sportive Cycliste des Abymes), cycling
- VO2C (Vélo d'Or du Centre de la Caraïbe), cycling
- AS Police, cycling
- BRUC (Boisripeaux Rugby Club), rugby
Notable people linked to the commune
- Admiral T (born 1981), reggae-dancehall créole artiste
- Pegguy Arphexad (born 1973), former footballer for Liverpool F.C.
- Christine Arron (born 1973), athlete
- Lesly Bengaber (born 1979), French professional basketball player
- Blackartel (born 1974), artiste of reggae, ragga, and dancehall
- Nathalie Dechy (born 1979), tennis player
- Adrianna Lamalle (born 1982), athlete
- Gianni Mina (born 1992), tennis player
- Michel Morandais (born 1979), basketball player
- Thomas Phibel (born 1986), footballer
- Florent (born 1981), basketball player. Older brother of Mickael Pietrus
- Mickaël Piétrus (born 1982), former NBA player, 11th pick in the 2003 NBA Draft to the Golden State Warriors.
- Jacques Schwarz-Bart (born 1962), jazz saxophonist
- David Sommeil (born 1974), footballer
- Ronald Zubar (born 1985), footballer
- Philippe Guillard (born 1961), rugby player
- Ludovic Vaty (1988), basketball player
- Kery James (born 1977), rapper, producer, interpreter
- Pascal Chimbonda (born 1979), footballer
- Teddy Riner (born 1989), judoka
- Livio Nabab (born 1988), footballer at SM Caen
- Wilhem Belocian (born 1995), athlete
- Miguel Comminges, professional football player
- Karla Homolka aka Emily/Leanne Bordelais, convicted serial killer
See also
External links
- Les Abymes official website (in French)
- Guadeloupe General Council website (in French)
- Pointe-à-Pitre International Airport (Aéroport Guadeloupe Pôle Caraïbes) (in French)
- Les Abymes on Géoportail, National Geographic Institute (IGN) website (in French)
References
- ^ "Répertoire national des élus: les maires" (in French). data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises. 13 September 2022.
- ^ "Populations légales 2019". The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 29 December 2021.
- ^ Aire d'attraction des villes 2020 des Abymes (9A1), INSEE
- ^ Inhabitants of Guadeloupe (in French)
- ^ a b Google Maps
- ^ "Climate of Les Abymes 1981-2010" (PDF) (in French). Météo-France. Retrieved April 8, 2022.
- ^ List of Mayors of France (in French)
- ^ National Commission for Decentralised cooperation (in French)
- ^ Historique des populations communales, INSEE
- ^ 2013 World Travel Awards 2014-11-29 at the Wayback Machine, Air Caraïbes. Retrieved on 23 November 2014.
- ^ First stone for the Family Plaza Complex on France-Antilles on 10 January 2014. (in French)
- ^ a b c d e "LISTE DES ECOLES PUBLIQUES ET PRIVEES SOUS CONTRAT." Académie de la Guadeloupe. Retrieved on 10 March 2018.
- ^ a b "Établissements du 2nd degré PUBLIC 2017-2018." Académie de la Guadeloupe. Retrieved on 10 March 2018.
- ^ "Etablissements du 2nd degré privé sous contrat 2017-2018."Académie de la Guadeloupe. Retrieved on 10 March 2018.
- ^ Works: Large building sites of 2014 on France-Antilles on 6 January 2014. (in French)
- ^ CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Les Abymes official website (in French)
- ^ Polyclinic of Guadeloupe website Archived 2013-08-21 at archive.today (in French)
- ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA97102003 Revenue Office (in French)
- ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA97102006 Town Hall (in French)
- ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA97102005 Sepulchral Monument (in French)
- ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA97102007 Joseph Ricou Hospital (in French)
- ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA97102002 Market (in French)
- ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA97100045 War Memorial (in French)
- ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA97100025 Petrelluzzi House (in French)
- ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA97100019 Mamiel Dwelling (in French)
- ^ Inauguration of the first statue of Nelson Mandela in France on France-Antilles on 11 March 2014 (in French)
- ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA97102053 Parish Church of the Immaculate Conception (in French)
- ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA97102004 Presbytery (in French)