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The overseas departments and regions of France (French: départements et régions d'outre-mer, pronounced [depaʁtəmɑ̃ e ʁeʒjɔ̃ d‿utʁəmɛʁ]; DROM) are departments of France that are outside metropolitan France, the European part of France. They have exactly the same status as mainland France's regions and departments. The French Constitution provides that, in general, French laws and regulations (France's civil code, penal code, administrative law, social laws, tax laws, etc.) apply to French overseas regions the same as in metropolitan France, but can be adapted as needed to suit the region's particular needs. Hence, the local administrations of French overseas regions cannot themselves pass new laws.
Each overseas department is the sole department in its own overseas region (French: région d'outre-mer) with powers identical to the regions of metropolitan France. Because of the one-to-one correspondence, informal usage does not distinguish the two, and the French media use the term département d'outre-mer (DOM) almost exclusively.
Since March 2011, the five overseas departments and regions of France are:
Guadeloupe and Réunion each have separate departmental and regional councils, while in Mayotte, Guiana and Martinique, the two layers of government are consolidated so one body wields both sets of powers. The overseas departments acquired these additional powers in 1982, when France's decentralisation policy dictated that they be given elected regional councils and other regional powers; however, the term "overseas region" was only introduced with the French constitutional amendment of 28 March 2003.
Since 1982, following the French government's policy of decentralisation, overseas departments have elected regional councils with powers similar to those of the regions of metropolitan France. As a result of a constitutional revision that occurred in 2003, these regions are now to be called "overseas regions"; indeed, the new wording of the Constitution gives no precedence to the terms "overseas department" or "overseas region," though the latter is still virtually unused by the French media.
The overseas collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon was an overseas department from 1976 to 1985. All five of France's overseas departments have between 200,000 and 1,000,000 people each, whereas Saint Pierre and Miquelon has only about 6,000, and the smaller collectivity unit therefore seemed more appropriate for the islands.[citation needed]
The overseas collectivity of Mayotte held a referendum on 29 March 2009. Of the votes, 95% were in favor of becoming an overseas department. Mayotte became an overseas department on 31 March 2011.[2]
^Golani, Moti (1998). Israel in Search of a War: The Sinai Campaign, 1955-1956. Sussex Academic Press. p. 39. ISBN9781898723479.
^"Mayotte: 95.2% de "oui" au final" [Mayotte: 95.2% "yes" in the end]. Le Figaro (in French). 29 March 2009. Retrieved 1 January 2021.
^"Estimation de la population au 1er janvier 2020" [Estimated population as of 1 January 2020] (in French). INSEE. Retrieved 5 May 2020.
^"Estimation de population au 1er janvier, par département, sexe et grande classe d'âge" [Estimated population on 1 January, by department, sex and broad age group] (in French). INSEE. Retrieved 5 May 2020.
External links
(in French) Ministry of the overseas departments and territories
(in French)
April 08, 2023
overseas, departments, regions, france, this, article, expanded, with, text, translated, from, corresponding, article, french, august, 2018, click, show, important, translation, instructions, view, machine, translated, version, french, article, machine, transl. This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in French August 2018 Click show for important translation instructions View a machine translated version of the French article Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing French Wikipedia article at fr Departement et region d outre mer see its history for attribution You should also add the template Translated fr Departement et region d outre mer to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation The overseas departments and regions of France French departements et regions d outre mer pronounced depaʁtemɑ e ʁeʒjɔ d utʁemɛʁ DROM are departments of France that are outside metropolitan France the European part of France They have exactly the same status as mainland France s regions and departments The French Constitution provides that in general French laws and regulations France s civil code penal code administrative law social laws tax laws etc apply to French overseas regions the same as in metropolitan France but can be adapted as needed to suit the region s particular needs Hence the local administrations of French overseas regions cannot themselves pass new laws As integral parts of France and the European Union overseas departments are represented in the National Assembly Senate and Economic and Social Council vote to elect members of the European Parliament MEP and also use the euro as their currency The overseas departments and regions are not the same as the overseas collectivities which have a semi autonomous status Each overseas department is the sole department in its own overseas region French region d outre mer with powers identical to the regions of metropolitan France Because of the one to one correspondence informal usage does not distinguish the two and the French media use the term departement d outre mer DOM almost exclusively Since March 2011 the five overseas departments and regions of France are French Guiana in South America Guadeloupe in the Caribbean Martinique in the Caribbean Mayotte in the Indian Ocean off the coast of East Africa Reunion in the Indian Ocean off the coast of East Africa Guadeloupe and Reunion each have separate departmental and regional councils while in Mayotte Guiana and Martinique the two layers of government are consolidated so one body wields both sets of powers The overseas departments acquired these additional powers in 1982 when France s decentralisation policy dictated that they be given elected regional councils and other regional powers however the term overseas region was only introduced with the French constitutional amendment of 28 March 2003 Contents 1 History 2 Demographics 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksHistory EditFrance s earliest short lived attempt at setting up overseas departments was after Napoleon s conquest of the Republic of Venice in 1797 when the hitherto Venetian Ionian Islands fell to the French Directory and were organised as the departments of Mer Egee Ithaque and Corcyre In 1798 the Russian Admiral Fyodor Ushakov evicted the French from these islands and though France regained them via the Treaty of Tilsit in 1807 the three departments were not revived Under the 1947 Constitution of the Fourth Republic the French colonies of Algeria 1 in North Africa Guadeloupe and Martinique in the Caribbean French Guiana in South America and Reunion in the Indian Ocean were defined as overseas departments Algeria became independent in 1962 while the others are still French departments 2011 2020 map of the European Union in the world with overseas countries and territories and outermost regions Since 1982 following the French government s policy of decentralisation overseas departments have elected regional councils with powers similar to those of the regions of metropolitan France As a result of a constitutional revision that occurred in 2003 these regions are now to be called overseas regions indeed the new wording of the Constitution gives no precedence to the terms overseas department or overseas region though the latter is still virtually unused by the French media The overseas collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon was an overseas department from 1976 to 1985 All five of France s overseas departments have between 200 000 and 1 000 000 people each whereas Saint Pierre and Miquelon has only about 6 000 and the smaller collectivity unit therefore seemed more appropriate for the islands citation needed The overseas collectivity of Mayotte held a referendum on 29 March 2009 Of the votes 95 were in favor of becoming an overseas department Mayotte became an overseas department on 31 March 2011 2 Demographics EditMain articles Demographics of French Guiana Demographics of Guadeloupe Demographics of Martinique Demographics of Mayotte and Demographics of Reunion Historical populationYearPop 1950720 000 1960949 000 31 8 19701 194 000 25 8 19801 286 000 7 7 19901 566 000 21 8 20001 865 000 19 1 20102 148 000 15 2 20202 165 749 4 0 8 Sources 3 See also EditAdministrative divisions of France Outre mer Overseas France Overseas Territories of France European Parliament constituency Overseas territory Single territorial collectivity Special member state territories and the European UnionReferences Edit Golani Moti 1998 Israel in Search of a War The Sinai Campaign 1955 1956 Sussex Academic Press p 39 ISBN 9781898723479 Mayotte 95 2 de oui au final Mayotte 95 2 yes in the end Le Figaro in French 29 March 2009 Retrieved 1 January 2021 Estimation de la population au 1er janvier 2020 Estimated population as of 1 January 2020 in French INSEE Retrieved 5 May 2020 Estimation de population au 1er janvier par departement sexe et grande classe d age Estimated population on 1 January by department sex and broad age group in French INSEE Retrieved 5 May 2020 External links Edit in French Ministry of the overseas departments and territories in French past and current developments of France s overseas administrative divisions like DOMs and TOMs Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Overseas departments and regions of France amp oldid 1143736242, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
