Lai Ching-te
Lai Ching-te (Chinese: 賴清德; Hanyu Pinyin: Lài Qīngdé; Tongyong Pinyin: Lài Cing-dé; Wade–Giles: Lai4 Ch’ing1-te2; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Lōa Chheng-tek; Zhuyin Fuhao: ㄌㄞˋ ㄑㄧㄥ ㄉㄜˊ; born 6 October 1959[1][2][3]), also known as William Lai, is a Taiwanese politician and former physician who is the current vice president and president-elect of Taiwan, having won the 2024 presidential election. His inauguration will be held on 20 May 2024. He is due to be the third incumbent vice president of Taiwan to become president, and the first to assume the office through election instead of a predecessor's death.
Lai Ching‑te | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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賴清德 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Official portrait, 2020 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| President-elect of the Republic of China | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Assuming office 20 May 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vice President | Hsiao Bi-khim (elect) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Succeeding | Tsai Ing-wen | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 12th Vice President of the Republic of China | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Assumed office 20 May 2020 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| President | Tsai Ing-wen | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preceded by | Chen Chien-jen | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 18th Chairman of the Democratic Progressive Party | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Assumed office 18 January 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secretary General | Hsu Li-ming Yang Yi-shan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preceded by | Chen Chi-mai (acting) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 29th Premier of the Republic of China | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In office 8 September 2017 – 14 January 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| President | Tsai Ing-wen | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vice Premier | Shih Jun-ji | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preceded by | Lin Chuan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Succeeded by | Su Tseng-chang | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1st Mayor of Tainan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In office 25 December 2010 – 7 September 2017 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deputy | Hsu He-chun | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preceded by | Hsu Tain-tsair | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Succeeded by | Li Meng-yen (acting) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Member of the Legislative Yuan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In office 1 February 2008 – 25 December 2010 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Constituency | Tainan II | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In office 1 February 1999 – 31 January 2008 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Constituency | Tainan City | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Personal details | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Born | 6 October 1959 Wanli, Taipei County, Taiwan (Now Wanli, New Taipei City, Taiwan) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Political party | Democratic Progressive Party | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Spouse | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Children | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Education | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chinese name | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 賴清德 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 赖清德 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Born to a working-class coal mining family in Taipei County, Lai studied rehabilitation and public health at universities in Taipei, ultimately obtaining a Master's degree from Harvard University in 2003. After serving as the president of the National Physician Support Association, Lai ran in the 1996 Legislative Yuan election, winning a seat representing Tainan City. After being re-elected to the Legislative Yuan four consecutive times, Lai ran for Mayor of Tainan in 2010. Lai won and served as mayor for seven years, winning reelection in 2014. In September 2017, President Tsai Ing-wen announced Lai would replace outgoing premier Lin Chuan. He has served as vice president since 2020.
On 24 November 2018, Lai announced his intention to resign from the premiership after the Democratic Progressive Party suffered a major defeat in local elections, and left office on 14 January 2019 after the swearing-in of his successor Su Tseng-chang.[4][5] Lai mounted a challenge against Tsai in the 2019 Democratic Progressive Party presidential primary and after defeat, served as Tsai's running mate in the 2020 Taiwan presidential election in which the tandem was victorious.[6][7] In April 2023, Lai was nominated by the DPP as their presidential candidate for the 2024 presidential election and was elected with 40.05% of votes.
Describing himself as a "pragmatic worker for Taiwanese independence", Lai favors preserving the current status quo in regards to the political status of Taiwan, arguing that it is already independent, as well as strengthening relations with the United States and other liberal democracies.
Early life and career edit
Lai was born into a working-class coal mining family in Wanli, a rural coastal town in northern Taipei County (now New Taipei City) on 6 October 1958.[8] Lai's father died on 8 January 1960 of carbon monoxide poisoning while laboring in the coal mines of Wanli.[9][10] His mother raised him and his five siblings as a single parent.[11][12]
Lai underwent schooling in Taipei City and studied at both National Cheng Kung University in Tainan and National Taiwan University in Taipei, where he specialized in rehabilitation.[8] Lai then studied at the Harvard School of Public Health for a Master's degree in Public Health,[8] followed by an internship at National Cheng Kung University Hospital. He became an expert on spinal cord damage and served as a national consultant for such injuries.[8]
Legislative career edit
After serving as part of the support team for Chen Ding-nan's unsuccessful electoral bid for Governor of Taiwan Province in 1994,[13] Lai decided to enter politics himself. The next opportunity for election to a national body was the 1996 National Assembly, with Lai winning a seat representing Tainan City. Lai then joined the New Tide faction and stood as a candidate in the 1998 Legislative Yuan election, representing the Democratic Progressive Party in the second ward of Tainan City.[14][8] He was successful in this election, and subsequently was reelected three times in 2001, 2004, and 2008. In total he served 11 years as a legislator, and was selected as Taiwan's "Best Legislator" four times in a row by Taipei-based NGO Citizen Congress Watch.[15]
Mayor of Tainan (2010–2017) edit
With the 2010 reorganization of the municipalities in Taiwan, Tainan City and Tainan County were amalgamated into a single municipality, called Tainan. After successfully being selected in the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) primaries in January 2010,[16] Lai stood as the DPP candidate for the mayoral election on 27 November 2010, gaining 60.41% to defeat Kuomintang candidate Kuo Tien-tsai.[17][18] He took office on 25 December 2010.
As a result of his strong showing in the mayoral election coupled with his relative youth and his control of the DPP heartland city of Tainan, Lai was considered to be a potential candidate for a presidential run in 2016.[19] In 2013 an opinion poll ranked Lai as the most popular of the 22 city and county heads in Taiwan, with an approval rating of 87%.[20]
Lai made on 5 June 2014 a visit to the city of Shanghai to assist an exhibition of art by the late Taiwanese painter Tan Ting-pho and met politicians of the Chinese Communist Party.[21][22]
Lai stood for reelection on 29 November 2014 against Huang Hsiu-shuang of the Kuomintang. His opponent was considered to have such an uphill task in the DPP stronghold that she rode a black horse through the streets of Tainan as an election stunt; a hopeful allusion to her status as a "dark horse".[23] Lai, on the other hand, did not plan many campaign activities, choosing to focus on mayoral duties.[24] He eventually won the election by 45 percentage points,[25][26] the largest margin of victory in any of the municipal races in the election.[27]
Lai stepped down as Mayor in September 2017, after being appointed to the Premiership.[28] He was succeeded in acting capacity by Lee Meng-yen.[29][30]
Premier (2017–2019) edit
In September 2017, Premier Lin Chuan tendered his resignation to President Tsai Ing-wen, which was reluctantly accepted. A recent poll showed Lin's approval rating to be a mere 28.7%, with 6 in 10 respondents dissatisfied with the performance of his cabinet.[31] On 5 September, President Tsai announced at a press conference that Lai would become the country's next head of the Executive Yuan.[32]
Lai took office on 8 September as the 49th Premier of Taiwan.[33] Following Lai's appointment as premier, Tsai's approval ratings reached 46%, rebounding by more than 16 points since August.[34] Lai made his first appearance as premier at the Legislative Yuan on 26 September, where he stated "I am a political worker who advocates Taiwan independence" but that "We are already an independent sovereign nation called the Republic of China. We don't need a separate declaration of independence".[35][36] Lai has appeared to have moderated his position on Taiwanese independence particularly when he proposed the idea of "being close to China while loving Taiwan" in June 2017.[37] He also expressed no desire to run against Tsai Ing-wen in the 2020 presidential election.[38] On 28 September, the New Party called on the KMT to join it in filing a formal complaint against the Premier for sedition.[39]
In October 2017, it was reported that Lai had garnered the approval of 68.8 percent of respondents in a survey, while 23 percent expressed dissatisfaction.[40] However, critics say that his popularity may not last, due to his rapid reversal of his position on the issue of Taiwanese independence.[41] However, on 20 October, Lai in response to General Secretary Xi Jinping's comments on the one China policy and the 1992 consensus at the 19th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party, Lai said that the Taiwanese government, following the directives of Tsai Ing-wen, would fulfill its promise of not changing the status quo between the two neighbors and not ceding before pressure from Beijing, which comes in the form of military intimidation and an international blockade.[42]
In November 2018, Lai tendered his resignation to the president, after the ruling DPP was trounced in local elections.[43] Lai agreed to remain in office to help stabilize the government until the general budget was cleared by the Legislative Yuan in January 2019.[44][45] Lai's cabinet resigned on 11 January 2019 and Su Tseng-chang was appointed as new premier.[46][47]
First presidential campaign (2019) edit
On 18 March 2019, Lai Ching-te registered to run in the Democratic Progressive Party presidential primary, saying that he could shoulder the responsibility of leading Taiwan in defending itself from being annexed by China.[48] This is the first time in Taiwanese history where a serious primary challenge has been mounted against a sitting president.[49] The results of the DPP's primary poll released on 13 June shown that Tsai defeated Lai by winning 35.67 percent of the vote over Lai's 27.48 percent, officially becoming the DPP's presidential candidate for the 2020 election.[50]
In November 2019, Lai accepted president Tsai Ing-wen's offer to become her running mate for the 2020 presidential election.[51] Tsai secured over 57% of the ballot, winning a record 8.17 million votes in the election and began her second term in 2020.[52][53]
Vice presidency (2020–2024) edit
During his vice presidency, Lai served as president Tsai Ing-wen's special envoy to Honduras for president Xiomara Castro's inauguration in January 2022.[54] After the assassination of former Japanese prime minister Shinzo Abe, he made a private trip to Tokyo to pay his respects and became Taiwan's most senior official to visit Japan in five decades.[55] In November 2022, Lai led representatives of Taiwan's travel agencies and industry associations to Palau to foster collaborations between the two countries.[56]
In November 2022, president Tsai Ing-wen resigned as leader of DPP after the party's heavy losses in local elections.[57] Lai officially registered as a candidate for the DPP chair election in December.[58] Since Lai was the only candidate running, he became the new chairman of the DPP in 2023.[59][60]
2024 presidential campaign edit
In March 2023, Lai registered as the only person to run in the DPP's 2024 presidential primary and was officially nominated by the ruling party in April.[61][62] On 21 November 2023, Lai formally registered his campaign at the Central Election Commission along with his running mate, Hsiao Bi-khim.[63] Lai claimed victory on 13 January 2024, marking the first time that a political party had won three consecutive presidential terms since direct elections were first held in 1996.[64]
President-elect edit
On 13 January 2024, Lai was elected president of the Republic of China with more than 40% of the vote,[65] and will be inaugurated on 20 May 2024.[66]
Political views edit
Lai has been viewed as a "deep green" member of the DPP, advocating for Taiwanese independence.[67] He has since moderated his position, saying that there was no need to declare independence as "Taiwan is already a sovereign, independent country called the Republic of China."[68] Lai advocates strengthening Taiwan's relations with the United States and other liberal democracies.[69]
Personal life edit
Lai married Wu Mei-ju in 1986. Wu worked for Taipower, and was based in Tainan until Lai was elected mayor of the city, and she transferred to Kaohsiung.[70][71] The couple raised two sons.[11]
References edit
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Lai Ching-te, whose coal miner father died while he was a toddler, took over as leader of Taiwan's ruling party on Wednesday, promising to address voter dissatisfaction and push through reforms ahead of a presidential election in less than 12 months. ... After Lai's father died in a coal mine disaster, Lai and his five siblings were brought up by their mother, who made ends meet by taking day job after day job. Born in present-day New Taipei, he was two at the time of the tragedy. ... Married and with two sons, Lai is more socially conservative than Tsai, a progressive but technocratic leader who has spearheaded reforms regarding indigenous rights and same-sex marriage, and established climate targets. He is also seen as an activist. In recent years, however, the 63-year-old has stayed away from making strident political statements and evolved into a statesmanlike vice president.
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More than once when William Lai was a small boy, a passing typhoon blew the roof of his home clean away. It's a recollection that brings a wry smile to Taiwan's vice president, who grew up in the small coalmining hamlet of Wanli perched on the island's far north. Lai's father died in an accident in the pits when he was just 2 years old, leaving his mother to raise six children alone. Money was tight. Instead of toys, Lai had banyan trees to climb; instead of new clothes, he wore cast-offs; he didn't have privilege, he had to prove himself.
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After marrying Lai in 1986, Wu maintained her low-key lifestyle even after her husband entered politics in the 1990s. According to local media reports, Wu applied to be transferred from Taiwan Power Company's Tainan office to Hsinta Power Plant in Kaohsiung after Lai was elected Tainan mayor in 2010 to avoid any conflict of interest.
External links edit
- Lai Ching-te on Facebook