Lääne County (Estonian: Lääne maakond or Läänemaa, literally "Western land"; German: Wiek; Latin: Rotalia) is one of 15 counties of Estonia. It is located in western Estonia and borders the Baltic Sea to the north, Harju County to the north-east, Rapla County to the east, Pärnu County to the south, and the island counties of Saare and Hiiu to the west. In January 2009 Lääne County had a population of 23,810 – constituting 2.0% of the total population in Estonia.[1]
The county is subdivided into municipalities. There is one urban municipality, Haapsalu (Estonian: linn – town) and 2 rural municipalities (Estonian: vallad – parishes) in Lääne County.
In the first centuries AD political and administrative subdivisions began to emerge in Estonia. Two larger subdivisions appeared: the parish (Estonian: kihelkond) and the county (Estonian: maakond). A parish consisted of several villages. Nearly all parishes had at least one fortress. The defense of the local area was directed by the highest official, the parish elder. A county was composed of several parishes, also headed by an elder. By the 13th century the following major districts had developed in Estonia: Saaremaa (Osilia), Läänemaa (Rotalia or Maritima), Harjumaa (Harria), Rävala (Revalia), Virumaa (Vironia), Järvamaa (Jervia), Sakala (Saccala), and Ugandi (Ugaunia).[6]
Läänemaa (Latin: Rotalia, Maritima,[6]Low German: Wiek) was an independent country on the east coast of the Baltic sea, bordered by Revala, Harjumaa, Alempois, and Sakala. Läänemaa had an area of approximately 1900 hides. Early in 1220 troops from Sweden, initially led by King John I, had invaded Läänemaa. The Swedish army took the Lihulastronghold and set up a small garrison. Swedish JarlKarl Döve and Bishop Karl Magnusson of Linköping, both from the powerful House of Bjelbo, also remained in the castle. On August 8, 1220 the united Œselian and Rotalian armies encircled the castle at dawn. It was set ablaze in the course of the fierce battle that ensued. The Swedish troops tried to make their way out, but were killed on site apart from a few who succeeded in escaping to Tallinn, held by Denmark. The Jarl, the Bishop, and almost 500 other Swedes were killed, leaving no Swedish presence in Estonia at all. The short-lived Swedish attempt to gain foothold in Estonia was motivated by the quickly advancing Danish and Low German crusaders who had been able to conquer most of the area in the early 13th century. Defeat in the Battle of Lihula discouraged the Swedish expansion to Estonia for more than 300 years, and the country was left for the Teutonic Knights, Low German Bishops and Denmark to divide. In the meantime, Sweden focused on Finland and the Swedish-Novgorodian Wars. After the Livonian Crusade Läänemaa became the main territory of The Bishopric of Ösel-Wiek, an independent Bishopric. Parts of the Bishop's castle are still preserved in Haapsalu.
lääne, county, estonian, lääne, maakond, läänemaa, literally, western, land, german, wiek, latin, rotalia, counties, estonia, located, western, estonia, borders, baltic, north, harju, county, north, east, rapla, county, east, pärnu, county, south, island, coun. Laane County Estonian Laane maakond or Laanemaa literally Western land German Wiek Latin Rotalia is one of 15 counties of Estonia It is located in western Estonia and borders the Baltic Sea to the north Harju County to the north east Rapla County to the east Parnu County to the south and the island counties of Saare and Hiiu to the west In January 2009 Laane County had a population of 23 810 constituting 2 0 of the total population in Estonia 1 Laane County LaanemaaCounty of EstoniaFlagCoat of armsCountryEstoniaCapitalHaapsaluGovernment GovernorInnar MaesaluArea Total2 383 km2 920 sq mi Population 2022 1 Total20 227 Rank14th Density10 3 km2 27 sq mi Ethnicity Estonians89 3 Russians7 4 other3 3 ISO 3166 codeEE 56Vehicle registrationSWebsitewww wbr laanemaa wbr ee Contents 1 County government 1 1 Maavanem 1918 1941 1 2 Maavanem 1993 present 2 Municipalities 3 Religion 4 History 4 1 Historic parishes kihelkonnad 5 Gallery 6 See also 7 References 8 External linksCounty government EditThe County Government Estonian Maavalitsus is led by a governor Estonian maavanem who is appointed by the Government of Estonia for a term of five years Since 15 December 2011 the governorship has been held by Innar Maesalu Maavanem 1918 1941 Edit Aleksander Saar 1917 1927 2 Artur Kasterpalu 1930 1941 2 Maavanem 1993 present Edit Andres Lipstok 14 December 1993 12 August 1994 2 Hannes Danilov 1 November 1994 3 January 1999 2 Arder Vali 23 February 1999 20 July 1999 2 Jaanus Sahk 22 September 1999 22 September 2004 2 Sulev Vare 19 November 2004 14 September 2007 2 Neeme Suur 18 February 2008 4 April 2011 2 Innar Maesalu 15 December 2011 3 Municipalities EditThe county is subdivided into municipalities There is one urban municipality Haapsalu Estonian linn town and 2 rural municipalities Estonian vallad parishes in Laane County Municipalities in Laane County Rank Municipality Type Population 2018 4 Areakm2 4 Density 4 1 Haapsalu Urban 13 516 264 51 22 Laane Nigula Parish Rural 7 239 1 451 5 03 Vormsi Parish Rural 419 93 4 5Religion EditReligion in Laane County 2021 1 Unaffiliated 74 9 Lutheran 11 4 Orthodox amp Old Believers 7 5 Baptism 2 6 Others Christians 2 0 Others Religions or Unknown 1 2 Religious affiliations in Laane County census 2000 2021 5 Religion 2000 2011 2021Number Number Number Christianity 5 109 22 3 4 418 21 3 4 050 23 6 Orthodox Christians 921 4 0 1 052 5 0 1 290 7 4 Lutherans 3 580 15 6 2 773 13 4 1 960 11 4 Catholics 46 0 2 32 0 1 40 0 2 Baptists 358 1 5 234 1 1 450 2 6 Jehovah s Witnesses 74 0 3 93 0 4 90 0 5 Pentecostals 70 0 3 46 0 2 80 0 4 Old Believers 3 0 01 Methodists 73 0 3 36 0 1 20 0 1 Adventists 61 0 2 46 0 2 50 0 3 Other Christians 103 0 5 70 0 3Islam 12 0 05 8 0 02 Buddhism 14 0 04 Other religions 98 0 4 210 1 0 200 1 1No religion 8 632 37 8 13 126 64 5 10 920 63 6Not stated 8 914 39 0 2 798 13 5 1 940 11 3Total population 22 840 20 673 17 170 The censuses of Estonia count the religious affiliations of the population older than 15 years of age 5 5 History EditRotaliaLaanemaaViking Age 1224 Ancient Estonia in 1214 CapitalLihulaCommon languagesProto EstonianReligionEstonian paganism Thor cultGovernmentCouncil of EldersElder History EstablishedViking Age Disestablished1224Succeeded byMonastic state of the Teutonic Knights Bishopric of Osel Wiek Koluvere castle dating from the 13th centuryIn the first centuries AD political and administrative subdivisions began to emerge in Estonia Two larger subdivisions appeared the parish Estonian kihelkond and the county Estonian maakond A parish consisted of several villages Nearly all parishes had at least one fortress The defense of the local area was directed by the highest official the parish elder A county was composed of several parishes also headed by an elder By the 13th century the following major districts had developed in Estonia Saaremaa Osilia Laanemaa Rotalia or Maritima Harjumaa Harria Ravala Revalia Virumaa Vironia Jarvamaa Jervia Sakala Saccala and Ugandi Ugaunia 6 Laanemaa Latin Rotalia Maritima 6 Low German Wiek was an independent country on the east coast of the Baltic sea bordered by Revala Harjumaa Alempois and Sakala Laanemaa had an area of approximately 1900 hides Early in 1220 troops from Sweden initially led by King John I had invaded Laanemaa The Swedish army took the Lihula stronghold and set up a small garrison Swedish Jarl Karl Dove and Bishop Karl Magnusson of Linkoping both from the powerful House of Bjelbo also remained in the castle On August 8 1220 the united Œselian and Rotalian armies encircled the castle at dawn It was set ablaze in the course of the fierce battle that ensued The Swedish troops tried to make their way out but were killed on site apart from a few who succeeded in escaping to Tallinn held by Denmark The Jarl the Bishop and almost 500 other Swedes were killed leaving no Swedish presence in Estonia at all The short lived Swedish attempt to gain foothold in Estonia was motivated by the quickly advancing Danish and Low German crusaders who had been able to conquer most of the area in the early 13th century Defeat in the Battle of Lihula discouraged the Swedish expansion to Estonia for more than 300 years and the country was left for the Teutonic Knights Low German Bishops and Denmark to divide In the meantime Sweden focused on Finland and the Swedish Novgorodian Wars After the Livonian Crusade Laanemaa became the main territory of The Bishopric of Osel Wiek an independent Bishopric Parts of the Bishop s castle are still preserved in Haapsalu Historic parishes kihelkonnad Edit Hanila Cozzo Karuse Corbe Korve Lihula Ridala Soontagana et Soontagana around MarjamaaAfter the German conquest in 1227 Laane County became the center of the Bishopric of Osel Wiek an independent principality within the Livonian Confederation Parts of Bishop s castle are still preserved in Haapsalu Gallery Edit Norrby lighthouse in Vormsi Haapsalu Castle church Lihula church Haapsalu Kuursaal Noarootsi church Kasari river in Matsalu National Park Koluvere Castle Haapsalu Castle Ungru Castle in Kiltsi Koluvere manor Marimetsa bog Cliff on the island of Osmussaar Matsalu Bay coastline on the Puise Peninsula Kasari river North west coast of Estonia near Nova Laane countySee also EditMatsalu National ParkReferences Edit a b Population by sex ethnic nationality and County 1 January stat ee Statistics Estonia 1 January 2009 Retrieved 2009 10 18 a b c d e f g h Endised maavanemad Laane Maavalitsus Archived from the original on 2014 01 12 Retrieved 2013 04 17 Maavanem Laane Maavalitsus Archived from the original on 2014 01 12 Retrieved 2013 04 17 a b c Elanike demograafiline jaotus maakonniti Kohaliku omavalitsuse portaal Archived from the original on 2 March 2019 Retrieved 2 April 2018 a b c Official census data from Statistics Estonia 2000 Census 2000 Census RL229 Population by religion 2000 Census RL231 Population by religion and ethnicity 2011 Census 2011 Census RL0451 Population by religion 2011 Census RL0454 Population by religion and ethnicity 2021 Census 2021 Census RL21451 Population by religion 2021 Census RL21454 Population by religion and ethnicity a b Raun Toivo 2001 Estonia and the Estonians Hoover Press p 11 ISBN 0 8179 2852 9 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Laane County Laanemaa Portal in Estonian Laane County Government Official website in Estonian Coordinates 58 55 N 23 45 E 58 917 N 23 750 E 58 917 23 750 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Laane County amp oldid 1135030486, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
