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Kuno National Park

February 16, 2024

Kuno National Park is a national park and Wildlife Sanctuary in Madhya Pradesh, India. It derives its name from Kuno River. It was established in 1981 as a wildlife sanctuary with an initial area of 344.686 km2 (133.084 sq mi) in the Sheopur and Morena districts.[1] In 2018, it was given the status of a national park. It is part of the Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests ecoregion.[2]

Kuno National Park
Location in Madhya Pradesh
Kuno National Park (India)
LocationSheopur and Shivpuri districts in Madhya Pradesh,  India
Nearest cityShivpuri, Sheopur
Coordinates25°40′00″N 77°10′00″E / 25.66667°N 77.16667°E / 25.66667; 77.16667
Area748.76 km2 (289.10 sq mi)
Established1981; 43 years ago (1981) as Wildlife Sanctuary
2018; 6 years ago (2018) as National Park
Named forKuno River
Governing bodyDivisional Forest Officer
Websitewww.kunonationalpark.org

History edit

Kuno Wildlife Sanctuary was established in 1981 with an initial area of about 344.68 km2 (133.08 sq mi).[1] In the 1990s, it was selected as a possible site to implement the Asiatic Lion Reintroduction Project, which aimed at establishing a second lion population in India.[3] Between 1998 and 2003, about 1,650 inhabitants of 24 villages were resettled to sites outside the protected area.[1] Most of the inhabitants were Saharia tribal people. The villages were also home to Jatav, Brahmin, Gujjar, Kushwaha and Yadav people.[4] An area of 924 km2 (357 sq mi) surrounding the wildlife sanctuary was added as a buffer zone to human settlements.[3] In 2009, Kuno Wildlife Sanctuary was also proposed as a possible site for cheetah reintroduction in India,[5] which has begun with eight of the animals released in September 2022.[6]

Gujarat state had resisted the relocation of lion, since it would make the Gir Sanctuary lose its status as the world's only home of the Asiatic lion. In April 2013, the Indian Supreme Court ordered Gujarat to send some of their Gir lions to Madhya Pradesh to establish a second population. The court had given wildlife authorities six months to complete the transfer.[7] In December 2018 the state government changed the status of the wildlife sanctuary to Kuno National Park and enlarged the protected area by 413 km2 (159 sq mi).[8]

In January 2022, environment minister Bhupender Yadav launched the action plan for reintroducing cheetahs in India, starting with Kuno national park.[9] In 2022, the Indian government drafted a 25-year plan for Lion relocation within Gujarat state and not in other states. The Gujarat government has not carried out the Supreme Court's order since 2013 and resisted the relocation of lions to other states. According to Bhopal-based environmentalist Ajay Dubey plans to reintroduce African cheetahs in Kuno National Park is another way to escape the transfer of lions to the Kuno National Park.[10] On 17 September 2022, five female and three male cheetahs aged 4 to 6 years arrived in Kuno National Park from Namibia.[11][12][13]

On 18 February 2023, 12 more cheetahs arrived in Kuno National Park.[14] In March 2023, four cheetah cubs were born.[15]

Wildlife edit

Flora edit

The vegetation of the protected area includes Anogeissus pendula forest and scrub, Boswellia and Butea forest, dry savanna forest and grassland and tropical riverine forest. The dominant tree species are Acacia catechu, Salai Boswellia serrata, Tendu Diospyros melanoxylon, Palash Butea monosperma, Dhok Anogeissus latifolia, Acacia leucophloea, Ziziphus mauritiana and Ziziphus xylopyrus. Prominent shrub species include Grewia flavescens, Helicteres isora, Hopbush viscosa, Vitex negundo. Grass species include Heteropogon contortus, Apluda mutica, Aristida hystrix, Themeda quadrivalvis, Cenchrus ciliaris and Desmostachya bipinnata. Senna tora and Argemone mexicana are also common.[16]

Fauna edit

Mammals edit

The main predators occurring in the protected area are Indian leopard, Southeast African cheetah, jungle cat, sloth bear, dhole, Indian wolf, Indian jackal, striped hyena and Bengal fox. Ungulates include chital, sambar, nilgai, chousingha, chinkara, blackbuck and wild boar.[3][16] More than 1,900 feral zebu cattle were estimated to occur in 2008, whereas density of wild ungulates was considered too low to sustain an introduced lion population at the time.[3] Indian grey mongoose, ruddy mongoose, small Indian mongoose, honey badger, gray langur, Indian crested porcupine and Indian hare have also been recorded.

Reptiles edit

Reptiles present here includes mugger crocodile, gharial, Bengal monitor and Indian softshell turtle.[16]

Birds edit

A total of 129 bird species were sighted during a survey in spring 2007. Indian white-backed vulture, long-billed vulture, red-headed vulture, Egyptian vulture, crested serpent-eagle, short-toed snake eagle, Bonelli's eagle, white-eyed buzzard, changeable hawk-eagle, brown fish owl and spotted owlet are resident raptors. Western marsh-harrier, pied harrier, Montagu's harrier, steppe eagle, osprey, common kestrel, short-eared owl, Demoiselle crane and common crane are winter visitors.[17]

Avifauna also includes black-winged kite, painted spurfowl, ruddy shelduck, Indian peafowl, grey francolin, Eurasian nightjar, jungle nightjar, Indian nightjar, painted sandgrouse, woolly-necked stork, great stone-curlew, Sirkeer malkoha, Indian golden oriole, black-rumped flameback, bay-backed shrike and Indian paradise flycatcher.[16][17]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b c Kabra, A. (2009). "Conservation-induced displacement: a comparative study of two Indian protected areas". Conservation and Society. 7 (4): 249−267. doi:10.4103/0972-4923.65172. hdl:10535/6089.
  2. ^ "Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests". Terrestrial Ecoregions. World Wildlife Fund. Retrieved 29 January 2017.
  3. ^ a b c d Khudsar, F. A.; Sharma, K.; Rao, R. J.; Chundawat, R. S. (2008). "Estimation of prey base and its implications in Kuno Wildlife Sanctuary". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 105 (1): 42–48.
  4. ^ Kabra, A. (2003). "Displacement and rehabilitation of an Adivasi settlement: case of Kuno Wildlife Sanctuary, Madhya Pradesh" (PDF). Economic and Political Weekly: 3073–3078. (PDF) from the original on 26 February 2022. Retrieved 25 May 2023.
  5. ^ Ranjitsinh, M. K.; Jhala, Y. V. (2010). Assessing the potential for reintroducing the cheetah in India. Noida and Dehradun: Wildlife Trust of India and Wildlife Institute of India.
  6. ^ "Modi: India PM reintroduces extinct cheetahs on birthday". BBC News. 17 September 2022. from the original on 29 September 2022. Retrieved 29 September 2022.
  7. ^ Anand, U. (2013). Supreme Court gives Madhya Pradesh lions' share from Gujarat's Gir 20 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine. The Indian Express Ltd., 17 April 2013.
  8. ^ Naveen, P. (2018). "Madhya Pradesh: Kuno notified as national park, path clear for Gir lions". Times of India. from the original on 25 December 2018. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
  9. ^ "India launches action plan for reintroducing cheetah after 70 years of absence". 2022. from the original on 7 January 2022. Retrieved 7 January 2022.
  10. ^ "Despite SC order, no shifting of lions outside Gujarat in Centre's 25-year plan". Indian Express. 27 July 2022. from the original on 26 July 2022. Retrieved 27 July 2022.
  11. ^ "Cheetahs in India: A spotted history, a future of hopes". from the original on 17 September 2022. Retrieved 17 September 2022.
  12. ^ "Madhya Pradesh's Kuno National Park, home to Cheetahs from Namibia: 5 points". from the original on 17 September 2022. Retrieved 17 September 2022.
  13. ^ "PM Modi's Cheetah reintroduction mission: First batch to be brought from Namibia". Zee News. from the original on 14 September 2022. Retrieved 14 September 2022.
  14. ^ Jha, Shuchita (18 February 2023). "12 cheetahs from South Africa arrive in India". Down To Earth. from the original on 18 February 2023. Retrieved 18 February 2023.
  15. ^ Gillett, F. (2023). "First cheetah cubs born in India since extinction 70 years ago". BBC. from the original on 29 March 2023. Retrieved 29 March 2023.
  16. ^ a b c d Bipin, C. M.; Bhattacharjee, S.; Shah, S.; Sharma, V. S.; Mishra, R. K.; Ghose, D.; Jhala, Y. V. (2003). Status of prey in Kuno Wildlife Sanctuary, Madhya Pradesh. Dehradun: Wildlife Institute of India. doi:10.13140/RG.2.1.1036.2005.
  17. ^ a b Ramesh, T.; Sridharan, N.; Kalle, R. (2011). "Birds of Kuno Wildlife Sanctuary, Central India". Zoos' Print. 26 (12): 25–29. from the original on 31 July 2020. Retrieved 25 May 2023.

External links edit

  • Khudsar. F. A. (2001). . Archived from the original on 18 January 2007.
  • . Indian Government's National Web Portal. Archived from the original on 17 March 2007.
  • . India Environment Portal. Archived from the original on 5 October 2010.
  • AAj Tak Video News Report in Hindi available on Youtube: Gir lions in palpur kuno century report rajesh badal.mp4 by Rajesh Badal uploaded on 14 Feb 2011
  • Video on Youtube: India Cheetah Re-introduction. Uploaded by ccfcheetah on 19 Jan 2012; The Cheetah Conservation Fund CCF has been working on and advisory capacity with the Wildlife Trust of India and India's authorities to discuss the best strategies for re-introducing cheetahs in India. For more information visit www.cheetah.org

February 16, 2024
kuno, national, park, national, park, wildlife, sanctuary, madhya, pradesh, india, derives, name, from, kuno, river, established, 1981, wildlife, sanctuary, with, initial, area, sheopur, morena, districts, 2018, given, status, national, park, part, khathiar, d. Kuno National Park is a national park and Wildlife Sanctuary in Madhya Pradesh India It derives its name from Kuno River It was established in 1981 as a wildlife sanctuary with an initial area of 344 686 km2 133 084 sq mi in the Sheopur and Morena districts 1 In 2018 it was given the status of a national park It is part of the Khathiar Gir dry deciduous forests ecoregion 2 Kuno National ParkIUCN category II national park Location in Madhya PradeshShow map of Madhya PradeshKuno National Park India Show map of IndiaLocationSheopur and Shivpuri districts in Madhya Pradesh IndiaNearest cityShivpuri SheopurCoordinates25 40 00 N 77 10 00 E 25 66667 N 77 16667 E 25 66667 77 16667Area748 76 km2 289 10 sq mi Established1981 43 years ago 1981 as Wildlife Sanctuary 2018 6 years ago 2018 as National ParkNamed forKuno RiverGoverning bodyDivisional Forest OfficerWebsitewww wbr kunonationalpark wbr org Contents 1 History 2 Wildlife 2 1 Flora 2 2 Fauna 2 2 1 Mammals 2 2 2 Reptiles 2 2 3 Birds 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksHistory editKuno Wildlife Sanctuary was established in 1981 with an initial area of about 344 68 km2 133 08 sq mi 1 In the 1990s it was selected as a possible site to implement the Asiatic Lion Reintroduction Project which aimed at establishing a second lion population in India 3 Between 1998 and 2003 about 1 650 inhabitants of 24 villages were resettled to sites outside the protected area 1 Most of the inhabitants were Saharia tribal people The villages were also home to Jatav Brahmin Gujjar Kushwaha and Yadav people 4 An area of 924 km2 357 sq mi surrounding the wildlife sanctuary was added as a buffer zone to human settlements 3 In 2009 Kuno Wildlife Sanctuary was also proposed as a possible site for cheetah reintroduction in India 5 which has begun with eight of the animals released in September 2022 6 Gujarat state had resisted the relocation of lion since it would make the Gir Sanctuary lose its status as the world s only home of the Asiatic lion In April 2013 the Indian Supreme Court ordered Gujarat to send some of their Gir lions to Madhya Pradesh to establish a second population The court had given wildlife authorities six months to complete the transfer 7 In December 2018 the state government changed the status of the wildlife sanctuary to Kuno National Park and enlarged the protected area by 413 km2 159 sq mi 8 In January 2022 environment minister Bhupender Yadav launched the action plan for reintroducing cheetahs in India starting with Kuno national park 9 In 2022 the Indian government drafted a 25 year plan for Lion relocation within Gujarat state and not in other states The Gujarat government has not carried out the Supreme Court s order since 2013 and resisted the relocation of lions to other states According to Bhopal based environmentalist Ajay Dubey plans to reintroduce African cheetahs in Kuno National Park is another way to escape the transfer of lions to the Kuno National Park 10 On 17 September 2022 five female and three male cheetahs aged 4 to 6 years arrived in Kuno National Park from Namibia 11 12 13 On 18 February 2023 12 more cheetahs arrived in Kuno National Park 14 In March 2023 four cheetah cubs were born 15 Wildlife editFlora edit The vegetation of the protected area includes Anogeissus pendula forest and scrub Boswellia and Butea forest dry savanna forest and grassland and tropical riverine forest The dominant tree species are Acacia catechu Salai Boswellia serrata Tendu Diospyros melanoxylon Palash Butea monosperma Dhok Anogeissus latifolia Acacia leucophloea Ziziphus mauritiana and Ziziphus xylopyrus Prominent shrub species include Grewia flavescens Helicteres isora Hopbush viscosa Vitex negundo Grass species include Heteropogon contortus Apluda mutica Aristida hystrix Themeda quadrivalvis Cenchrus ciliaris and Desmostachya bipinnata Senna tora and Argemone mexicana are also common 16 Fauna edit Mammals edit The main predators occurring in the protected area are Indian leopard Southeast African cheetah jungle cat sloth bear dhole Indian wolf Indian jackal striped hyena and Bengal fox Ungulates include chital sambar nilgai chousingha chinkara blackbuck and wild boar 3 16 More than 1 900 feral zebu cattle were estimated to occur in 2008 whereas density of wild ungulates was considered too low to sustain an introduced lion population at the time 3 Indian grey mongoose ruddy mongoose small Indian mongoose honey badger gray langur Indian crested porcupine and Indian hare have also been recorded Reptiles edit Reptiles present here includes mugger crocodile gharial Bengal monitor and Indian softshell turtle 16 Birds edit A total of 129 bird species were sighted during a survey in spring 2007 Indian white backed vulture long billed vulture red headed vulture Egyptian vulture crested serpent eagle short toed snake eagle Bonelli s eagle white eyed buzzard changeable hawk eagle brown fish owl and spotted owlet are resident raptors Western marsh harrier pied harrier Montagu s harrier steppe eagle osprey common kestrel short eared owl Demoiselle crane and common crane are winter visitors 17 Avifauna also includes black winged kite painted spurfowl ruddy shelduck Indian peafowl grey francolin Eurasian nightjar jungle nightjar Indian nightjar painted sandgrouse woolly necked stork great stone curlew Sirkeer malkoha Indian golden oriole black rumped flameback bay backed shrike and Indian paradise flycatcher 16 17 See also editIn situ conservation Ex situ conservation Wildlife conservationReferences edit a b c Kabra A 2009 Conservation induced displacement a comparative study of two Indian protected areas Conservation and Society 7 4 249 267 doi 10 4103 0972 4923 65172 hdl 10535 6089 Khathiar Gir dry deciduous forests Terrestrial Ecoregions World Wildlife Fund Retrieved 29 January 2017 a b c d Khudsar F A Sharma K Rao R J Chundawat R S 2008 Estimation of prey base and its implications in Kuno Wildlife Sanctuary Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 105 1 42 48 Kabra A 2003 Displacement and rehabilitation of an Adivasi settlement case of Kuno Wildlife Sanctuary Madhya Pradesh PDF Economic and Political Weekly 3073 3078 Archived PDF from the original on 26 February 2022 Retrieved 25 May 2023 Ranjitsinh M K Jhala Y V 2010 Assessing the potential for reintroducing the cheetah in India Noida and Dehradun Wildlife Trust of India and Wildlife Institute of India Modi India PM reintroduces extinct cheetahs on birthday BBC News 17 September 2022 Archived from the original on 29 September 2022 Retrieved 29 September 2022 Anand U 2013 Supreme Court gives Madhya Pradesh lions share from Gujarat s Gir Archived 20 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine The Indian Express Ltd 17 April 2013 Naveen P 2018 Madhya Pradesh Kuno notified as national park path clear for Gir lions Times of India Archived from the original on 25 December 2018 Retrieved 3 January 2018 India launches action plan for reintroducing cheetah after 70 years of absence 2022 Archived from the original on 7 January 2022 Retrieved 7 January 2022 Despite SC order no shifting of lions outside Gujarat in Centre s 25 year plan Indian Express 27 July 2022 Archived from the original on 26 July 2022 Retrieved 27 July 2022 Cheetahs in India A spotted history a future of hopes Archived from the original on 17 September 2022 Retrieved 17 September 2022 Madhya Pradesh s Kuno National Park home to Cheetahs from Namibia 5 points Archived from the original on 17 September 2022 Retrieved 17 September 2022 PM Modi s Cheetah reintroduction mission First batch to be brought from Namibia Zee News Archived from the original on 14 September 2022 Retrieved 14 September 2022 Jha Shuchita 18 February 2023 12 cheetahs from South Africa arrive in India Down To Earth Archived from the original on 18 February 2023 Retrieved 18 February 2023 Gillett F 2023 First cheetah cubs born in India since extinction 70 years ago BBC Archived from the original on 29 March 2023 Retrieved 29 March 2023 a b c d Bipin C M Bhattacharjee S Shah S Sharma V S Mishra R K Ghose D Jhala Y V 2003 Status of prey in Kuno Wildlife Sanctuary Madhya Pradesh Dehradun Wildlife Institute of India doi 10 13140 RG 2 1 1036 2005 a b Ramesh T Sridharan N Kalle R 2011 Birds of Kuno Wildlife Sanctuary Central India Zoos Print 26 12 25 29 Archived from the original on 31 July 2020 Retrieved 25 May 2023 External links editKhudsar F A 2001 Kuno Asiatic Lion s second home in making Archived from the original on 18 January 2007 Kuno Wildlife Sanctuary Indian Government s National Web Portal Archived from the original on 17 March 2007 Latest News on Palpur Kuno SA India Environment Portal Archived from the original on 5 October 2010 Kuno Wildlife Sanctuary AAj Tak Video News Report in Hindi available on Youtube Gir lions in palpur kuno century report rajesh badal mp4 by Rajesh Badal uploaded on 14 Feb 2011 Video on Youtube India Cheetah Re introduction Uploaded by ccfcheetah on 19 Jan 2012 The Cheetah Conservation Fund CCF has been working on and advisory capacity with the Wildlife Trust of India and India s authorities to discuss the best strategies for re introducing cheetahs in India For more information visit www cheetah org Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Kuno National Park amp oldid 1192428844, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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