Korean Braille is the Braille alphabet of the Korean language. It is not graphically-related to other braille scripts found around the world. Instead, it reflects the patterns found in Hangul, and differentiates initialconsonants, vowels, and final consonants.
The first tactile encoding of hangul was developed by Rosetta Sherwood Hall in 1894. It used a cell 4 dots wide by 2 dots high, like New York Point. 6-dot braille was adapted to Korean by Park Du-seong in 1926. There have since been a number of revisions. The current form was announced in 1994.
ChartsEdit
It features characters for grammatical devices and punctuation. Numerals are similar to those of other braille systems.
ConsonantsEdit
Consonants have different syllable-initial and -final variants, capturing some of the feel of hangul. The initial and final variants have the same shapes, but are shifted across the braille block. There are two patterns: The consonants that span the width of the block are shifted one space downward when final. Those that do not span the width of the block are on the right side of the block when initial, but on the left side when final.
*There is no initial version of ng. Initial ieung in hangul is not written in Korean Braille. However, the expected form is reserved and may not serve other uses, such as punctuation.
The heavy (double) consonants are written by prefixing an s, an old hangul convention. In initial position, they are:[1]
⠠⠠ ㅆ ss
⠠⠈ ㄲ kk
⠠⠊ ㄸ tt
⠠⠘ ㅃ pp
⠠⠨ ㅉ jj
VowelsEdit
All vowels span the width and height of the block. Because the consonants are specifically syllable-initial or syllable-final, a syllable that begins with a vowel causes no confusion when written without ieung.
The simpler vowels reflect the symmetries of hangul: the yin–yang pairs a, eo and o, u are related through inversion, and yotization of a, eo, o, u is indicated by reflecting the vowel. This creates a different pattern of symmetry than in hangul. The graphically-similar hangul letters i and eu are also related by reflection. The w in wa, wo is indicated by making the left side of the block solid, while the i in ui, oe is shown by making the right side solid. However, the diphthongse, ae and their yotized variants show no such patterns.
Four diphthongs are represented with two braille blocks, by adding ⠗ to the appropriate vowel for the final element -i.
Korean Braille contains several single cell syllable defined. Many are the braille cell for an initial consonant, with an assumed vowel "a" added. Some make use of unused cell definitions, while others utilize multi-cell abbreviations, often using malformed consonant clusters or consonant/vowel combinations otherwise abbreviated.
Korean Braille library (in Korean); chart is here [1]
October 21, 2023
korean, braille, braille, alphabet, korean, language, graphically, related, other, braille, scripts, found, around, world, instead, reflects, patterns, found, hangul, differentiates, initial, consonants, vowels, final, consonants, script, typetactile, alphabet. Korean Braille is the Braille alphabet of the Korean language It is not graphically related to other braille scripts found around the world Instead it reflects the patterns found in Hangul and differentiates initial consonants vowels and final consonants Korean Braille Script typeTactile alphabet syllabically markedPrint basisHangulLanguagesKoreanRelated scriptsParent systemsNight writingBrailleKorean BrailleKorean BrailleHangul한글 점자Hanja한글 點字Revised Romanizationhangeul jeomjaMcCune Reischauerhan gŭl chŏmjaThis article contains Unicode Braille characters Without proper rendering support you may see question marks boxes or other symbols instead of Braille characters Contents 1 History 2 Charts 2 1 Consonants 2 2 Vowels 2 3 Abbreviations 2 4 Punctuation 3 Formatting 4 References 5 SourcesHistory EditThe first tactile encoding of hangul was developed by Rosetta Sherwood Hall in 1894 It used a cell 4 dots wide by 2 dots high like New York Point 6 dot braille was adapted to Korean by Park Du seong in 1926 There have since been a number of revisions The current form was announced in 1994 Charts EditIt features characters for grammatical devices and punctuation Numerals are similar to those of other braille systems Consonants Edit Consonants have different syllable initial and final variants capturing some of the feel of hangul The initial and final variants have the same shapes but are shifted across the braille block There are two patterns The consonants that span the width of the block are shifted one space downward when final Those that do not span the width of the block are on the right side of the block when initial but on the left side when final No consonant occupies more than two rows roman g n d r m b s j ch k t p h nghangul ㄱ ㄴ ㄷ ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ ㅅ ㅈ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ ㅇinitial nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp final nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp There is no initial version of ng Initial ieung in hangul is not written in Korean Braille However the expected form is reserved and may not serve other uses such as punctuation The heavy double consonants are written by prefixing an s an old hangul convention In initial position they are 1 ㅆ ss ㄲ kk ㄸ tt ㅃ pp ㅉ jjVowels Edit All vowels span the width and height of the block Because the consonants are specifically syllable initial or syllable final a syllable that begins with a vowel causes no confusion when written without ieung The simpler vowels reflect the symmetries of hangul the yin yang pairs a eo and o u are related through inversion and yotization of a eo o u is indicated by reflecting the vowel This creates a different pattern of symmetry than in hangul The graphically similar hangul letters i and eu are also related by reflection The w in wa wo is indicated by making the left side of the block solid while the i in ui oe is shown by making the right side solid However the diphthongs e ae and their yotized variants show no such patterns Four diphthongs are represented with two braille blocks by adding to the appropriate vowel for the final element i roman a ya eo yeo o yo u yu eu i e ae yehangul ㅏ ㅑ ㅓ ㅕ ㅗ ㅛ ㅜ ㅠ ㅡ ㅣ ㅔ ㅐ ㅖbraille nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp roman ui wa wo oe yae wae we wihangul ㅢ ㅘ ㅝ ㅚ ㅒ ㅙ ㅞ ㅟbraille nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp Abbreviations Edit Korean Braille contains several single cell syllable defined Many are the braille cell for an initial consonant with an assumed vowel a added Some make use of unused cell definitions while others utilize multi cell abbreviations often using malformed consonant clusters or consonant vowel combinations otherwise abbreviated roman ga na da ma ba sa ja ka ta pa ha ss eog onghangul 가 나 다 마 바 사 자 카 타 파 하 ㅆ 억 옹braille nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp roman ul og yeon un on eon eol yeol in yeong 2 eul eun geoshangul 울 옥 연 운 온 언 얼 열 인 영 2 을 은 것braille nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp roman geureona geureomyeon geuraeseo geureonde geureomeuro geurigo geurihayeohangul 그러나 그러면 그래서 그런데 그러므로 그리고 그리하여braille nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp Punctuation Edit print braille nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp print braille nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp Formatting Editprint number roman braille nbsp nbsp As in most braille scripts is prefixed to digits which are the same as in English Braille is prefixed to the 26 basic roman letters in the same way References Edit UNESCO 2013 World Braille Usage 3rd edition a b eong after s ss j jj and ch Sources EditKorean Braille library in Korean chart is here 1 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Korean Braille amp oldid 1172718891, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
![[1]](http://infor.kbll.or.kr/images/info/braille_img05.gif){kind=link}