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Ken Raymond

December 18, 2023

Kenneth Norman Raymond (born January 7, 1942) is a bioinorganic and coordination chemist. He is Chancellor's Professor of Chemistry at the University of California, Berkeley,[1] Professor of the Graduate School, the Director of the Seaborg Center in the Chemical Sciences Division at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and the President and Chairman of Lumiphore.[2][3]

Ken Raymond
Born (1942-01-07) January 7, 1942 (age 81)
Astoria, Oregon, U.S.
NationalityAmerican
Alma materReed College (B.S.) (1964)
Northwestern University (Ph.D) (1968)
Scientific career
FieldsInorganic Chemistry, Bioinorganic Chemistry
InstitutionsUniversity of California, Berkeley
Doctoral advisorFred Basolo, James A. Ibers
Doctoral studentsKeith Hodgson, Rebecca Abergel,
Other notable studentsVy Maria Dong (postdoc)
Websitewww.cchem.berkeley.edu/knrgrp/home.html

Biography edit

Early life and education edit

Raymond was born on January 7, 1942, in Astoria, Oregon, and was raised in various towns in Oregon.[4] After graduating from Clackamas High School in 1959, he spent a year in Germany where he worked as a test-driver for Volkswagen and developed a taste for German culture. He then attended Reed College in Portland, Oregon, where he majored in Chemistry and earned a Bachelor of Arts in 1964.[4] Raymond then attended Northwestern University where he studied coordination chemistry and crystallography under Fred Basolo and also worked closely with James A. Ibers, earning his Ph.D. degree in 1968.

Academic career edit

Raymond received an appointment to the faculty in the Department of Chemistry at the University of California, Berkeley in 1967 as an assistant professor. He became an associate professor in 1974 and a full professor of chemistry in 1978.[5] He has served as Vice Chair for the Berkeley Chemistry Department (1982−1984) and Chair (1993−1996).[5] He was Chair of the ACS Division of Inorganic Chemistry in 1996.[5]

Research from the Raymond group has covered a wide range of topics in inorganic chemistry, including actinide and lanthanide chemistry, microbial iron transport, and metal-based supramolecular assemblies. At the heart of his research throughout his career is a basic interest in metal-ligand specificity as understood through crystallography and solution thermodynamics.

Raymond, now a UC Berkeley Chancellor's Professor and the Director of the Glenn T. Seaborg Center at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, continues to make strides in fundamental research in the fields of metals in biology and physical inorganic chemistry.

Scientific achievements edit

Uranocene edit

One of the first great achievements of Raymond's independent research career was the determination of the crystal structure of uranocene (di-π-(cyclooctatetraene)uranium).[6] This structure was a seminal discovery in the study of f-block sandwich complexes. Since this discovery, the analogous structures of several other f-block metals have been explored (including thorium and cerium from the Raymond lab).[7][8]

Microbial iron transport edit

The study of iron transport systems in microbes and the coordination chemistry of siderophores is one of the longest running projects in the Raymond group. Several generations of students have studied the structures and solution behaviors of some of the most notable siderophores including enterobactin, desferrioxamine B, alcaligin and bacillibactin. Recently, the project has begun to explore siderophore interactions with the innate immune system during bacterial infections.[9] Throughout the years the iron project has continued to thrive and has been said to have "more twists and turns than an Agatha Christie novel."[citation needed] Studies in siderophore structure, and especially ligand specificity, have inspired several other projects in the Raymond group.

Actinide sequestration edit

Raymond's early interest in actinides (including plutonium, uranium and others), along with his expertise with siderophores, has led to the development of actinide decorporation agents. This project is based on a fundamental understanding of coordination chemistry, in order to design ligands that are selective for and support the geometry constraints of these elements.

Magnetic resonance imaging edit

Efforts toward the development of siderophore-inspired gadolinium(III) chelates began in the 1980s and have led to several promising compounds for magnetic resonance imaging. These compounds are both more stable and have a higher relaxivity than commercially available compounds and are the subject of several patents. Hexadentate hydroxypyridinone (HOPO) and terephthalamide (TAM) oxygen donor chelators allow for high thermodynamic stability of complexes while allowing for two-three water molecules to be directly coordinated to the lanthanide. Research has focused on macromolecular conjugation in recent years, including a collaboration with Jean Fréchet and dendrimers developed in his laboratory.[10][11]

Lanthanide luminescence edit

Other lanthanide coordination compounds have been developed to serve as luminescent reporters in time-resolved bioassays. As experts in ligand design, the Raymond group has been able to develop ligands that optimize the luminescence of several lanthanides (particularly terbium and europium), leading to an array of brilliantly emissive complexes. Due to their remarkable properties, these compounds have been commercialized by Lumiphore.[12]

Supramolecular assemblies edit

 
Naphthalene-M4L6 cluster

Based on a predictive strategy, the Raymond group has developed several self-assembled, metal-ligand clusters of high symmetry. Some of these clusters, including the naphthalene-M4L6 workhorse cluster (see image), have a cavity within the cluster that can encapsulate a variety of guest molecules. In collaboration with Robert G. Bergman, the unique reaction chemistry of these host–guest assemblies has been explored. Recent work on this project, which led to a paper in Science,[13] has demonstrated unprecedented host–guest reaction rate accelerations reminiscent of enzyme kinetics.

Honors edit

References edit

  1. ^ http://www.cchem.berkeley.edu/knrgrp/KNR_CV.pdf[bare URL PDF]
  2. ^ . Archived from the original on 2018-10-02. Retrieved 2011-07-16.
  3. ^ "Seth Cohen". cohenlab.ucsd.edu. Retrieved 2021-05-18.
  4. ^ a b c "Bailar Lecturer 2009-10 - Kenneth N. Raymond | Chemistry at Illinois". chemistry.illinois.edu. Retrieved 2021-05-18.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g Caulder, Dana L.; Raymond, Kenneth N. (1999-07-28). "Supermolecules by Design". Accounts of Chemical Research. 32 (11): 975–982. doi:10.1021/ar970224v. ISSN 0001-4842.
  6. ^ Zalkin, Allan; Raymond, Kenneth N. (1969-09-01). "Structure of di-.pi.-cyclooctatetraeneuranium (uranocene)". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 91 (20): 5667–5668. doi:10.1021/ja01048a055. ISSN 0002-7863.
  7. ^ Avdeef, Alex; Raymond, Kenneth N.; Hodgson, Keith O.; Zalkin, Allan (1972-05-01). "Two isostructural actinide .pi. complexes. Crystal and molecular structure of bis(cyclooctatetraenyl)uranium(IV), U(C8H8)2, and bis(cyclooctatetraenyl)thorium(IV), Th(C8H8)2". Inorganic Chemistry. 11 (5): 1083–1088. doi:10.1021/ic50111a034. ISSN 0020-1669.
  8. ^ Hodgson, Keith O.; Raymond, Kenneth N. (1972-12-01). "Ion pair complex formed between bis(cyclooctatetraenyl)cerium(III) anion and an ether-coordinated potassium cation. Crystal and molecular structure of [K(CH3OCH2CH2)2O][Ce(C8H8)2]". Inorganic Chemistry. 11 (12): 3030–3035. doi:10.1021/ic50118a031. ISSN 0020-1669.
  9. ^ (2) Raymond, K. N. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 2006, 103, 58499-18503.
  10. ^ Raymond, K. N. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 7245-7246.
  11. ^ Conjugation Effects of Various Linkers on Gd(III) MRI Contrast Agents with Dendrimers: Optimizing the Hydroxypyridinonate (HOPO) Ligands with Nontoxic, Degradable Esteramide (...
  12. ^ Lumiphore
  13. ^ Raymond, K. N. Science 2007, 316 (5821), 85–88.
  14. ^ John Simon Guggenheim Foundation | Kenneth N. Raymond
  15. ^ "Kenneth Raymond". www.nasonline.org. Retrieved 2021-05-18.
  16. ^ C&EN, 21 January 2008, page 59.

External links edit

December 18, 2023
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This article has multiple issues Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page Learn how and when to remove these template messages This biography of a living person needs additional citations for verification Please help by adding reliable sources Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately from the article and its talk page especially if potentially libelous Find sources Ken Raymond news newspapers books scholar JSTOR December 2017 Learn how and when to remove this template message This article may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia s quality standards No cleanup reason has been specified Please help improve this article if you can July 2011 Learn how and when to remove this template message Learn how and when to remove this template message Kenneth Norman Raymond born January 7 1942 is a bioinorganic and coordination chemist He is Chancellor s Professor of Chemistry at the University of California Berkeley 1 Professor of the Graduate School the Director of the Seaborg Center in the Chemical Sciences Division at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the President and Chairman of Lumiphore 2 3 Ken RaymondBorn 1942 01 07 January 7 1942 age 81 Astoria Oregon U S NationalityAmericanAlma materReed College B S 1964 Northwestern University Ph D 1968 Scientific careerFieldsInorganic Chemistry Bioinorganic ChemistryInstitutionsUniversity of California BerkeleyDoctoral advisorFred Basolo James A IbersDoctoral studentsKeith Hodgson Rebecca Abergel Other notable studentsVy Maria Dong postdoc Websitewww wbr cchem wbr berkeley wbr edu wbr knrgrp wbr home wbr html Contents 1 Biography 1 1 Early life and education 1 2 Academic career 2 Scientific achievements 2 1 Uranocene 2 2 Microbial iron transport 2 3 Actinide sequestration 2 4 Magnetic resonance imaging 2 5 Lanthanide luminescence 2 6 Supramolecular assemblies 3 Honors 4 References 5 External linksBiography editEarly life and education edit Raymond was born on January 7 1942 in Astoria Oregon and was raised in various towns in Oregon 4 After graduating from Clackamas High School in 1959 he spent a year in Germany where he worked as a test driver for Volkswagen and developed a taste for German culture He then attended Reed College in Portland Oregon where he majored in Chemistry and earned a Bachelor of Arts in 1964 4 Raymond then attended Northwestern University where he studied coordination chemistry and crystallography under Fred Basolo and also worked closely with James A Ibers earning his Ph D degree in 1968 Academic career edit Raymond received an appointment to the faculty in the Department of Chemistry at the University of California Berkeley in 1967 as an assistant professor He became an associate professor in 1974 and a full professor of chemistry in 1978 5 He has served as Vice Chair for the Berkeley Chemistry Department 1982 1984 and Chair 1993 1996 5 He was Chair of the ACS Division of Inorganic Chemistry in 1996 5 Research from the Raymond group has covered a wide range of topics in inorganic chemistry including actinide and lanthanide chemistry microbial iron transport and metal based supramolecular assemblies At the heart of his research throughout his career is a basic interest in metal ligand specificity as understood through crystallography and solution thermodynamics Raymond now a UC Berkeley Chancellor s Professor and the Director of the Glenn T Seaborg Center at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory continues to make strides in fundamental research in the fields of metals in biology and physical inorganic chemistry Scientific achievements editUranocene edit One of the first great achievements of Raymond s independent research career was the determination of the crystal structure of uranocene di p cyclooctatetraene uranium 6 This structure was a seminal discovery in the study of f block sandwich complexes Since this discovery the analogous structures of several other f block metals have been explored including thorium and cerium from the Raymond lab 7 8 Microbial iron transport edit The study of iron transport systems in microbes and the coordination chemistry of siderophores is one of the longest running projects in the Raymond group Several generations of students have studied the structures and solution behaviors of some of the most notable siderophores including enterobactin desferrioxamine B alcaligin and bacillibactin Recently the project has begun to explore siderophore interactions with the innate immune system during bacterial infections 9 Throughout the years the iron project has continued to thrive and has been said to have more twists and turns than an Agatha Christie novel citation needed Studies in siderophore structure and especially ligand specificity have inspired several other projects in the Raymond group Actinide sequestration edit Raymond s early interest in actinides including plutonium uranium and others along with his expertise with siderophores has led to the development of actinide decorporation agents This project is based on a fundamental understanding of coordination chemistry in order to design ligands that are selective for and support the geometry constraints of these elements Magnetic resonance imaging edit Efforts toward the development of siderophore inspired gadolinium III chelates began in the 1980s and have led to several promising compounds for magnetic resonance imaging These compounds are both more stable and have a higher relaxivity than commercially available compounds and are the subject of several patents Hexadentate hydroxypyridinone HOPO and terephthalamide TAM oxygen donor chelators allow for high thermodynamic stability of complexes while allowing for two three water molecules to be directly coordinated to the lanthanide Research has focused on macromolecular conjugation in recent years including a collaboration with Jean Frechet and dendrimers developed in his laboratory 10 11 Lanthanide luminescence edit Other lanthanide coordination compounds have been developed to serve as luminescent reporters in time resolved bioassays As experts in ligand design the Raymond group has been able to develop ligands that optimize the luminescence of several lanthanides particularly terbium and europium leading to an array of brilliantly emissive complexes Due to their remarkable properties these compounds have been commercialized by Lumiphore 12 Supramolecular assemblies edit nbsp Naphthalene M4L6 clusterBased on a predictive strategy the Raymond group has developed several self assembled metal ligand clusters of high symmetry Some of these clusters including the naphthalene M4L6 workhorse cluster see image have a cavity within the cluster that can encapsulate a variety of guest molecules In collaboration with Robert G Bergman the unique reaction chemistry of these host guest assemblies has been explored Recent work on this project which led to a paper in Science 13 has demonstrated unprecedented host guest reaction rate accelerations reminiscent of enzyme kinetics Honors editAlfred P Sloan Research Fellow 1971 1973 Miller Research Professor 1977 1978 1996 2004 Guggenheim Fellow 1980 1981 14 Selected as one of the Technology 100 1981 by Technology Magazine American Association for the Advancement of Science Fellow 1984 Department of Energy Ernest O Lawrence Award 1984 5 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Technology Transfer award 1988 1991 Humboldt Research Award for Senior U S Scientists 1992 5 American Chemical Society Alfred Bader Award in Bioinorganic or Bioorganic Chemistry 1994 5 Erskine Fellow University of Canterbury New Zealand 1997 Elected to National Academy of Sciences 1997 5 15 Basolo Medal Northwestern University 1997 Max Planck Institut fur Strahlenchemie Frontiers in Biological Chemistry Award 1997 Elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 2001 Reed College Howard Vollum Award 2002 ACS Auburn Section G M Kosolapoff Award 2004 Izatt Christensen Award in Macrocyclic Chemistry 2005 A competitive award which recognizes excellence in macrocyclic chemistry The award was founded by Reed McNeil Izatt and James J Christensen Joe L Franklin Memorial Lectureship 2006 Paulo Fasella Lectureship 2006 UC Berkeley Chancellor s Professor 2007 present ACS award in inorganic chemistry sponsored by Aldrich Chemical Co Inc 2008 16 Bailar Award and Lectureship University of Illinois Urbana Champaign 2009 4 References edit http www cchem berkeley edu knrgrp KNR CV pdf bare URL PDF Lumiphore Archived from the original on 2018 10 02 Retrieved 2011 07 16 Seth Cohen cohenlab ucsd edu Retrieved 2021 05 18 a b c Bailar Lecturer 2009 10 Kenneth N Raymond Chemistry at Illinois chemistry illinois edu Retrieved 2021 05 18 a b c d e f g Caulder Dana L Raymond Kenneth N 1999 07 28 Supermolecules by Design Accounts of Chemical Research 32 11 975 982 doi 10 1021 ar970224v ISSN 0001 4842 Zalkin Allan Raymond Kenneth N 1969 09 01 Structure of di pi cyclooctatetraeneuranium uranocene Journal of the American Chemical Society 91 20 5667 5668 doi 10 1021 ja01048a055 ISSN 0002 7863 Avdeef Alex Raymond Kenneth N Hodgson Keith O Zalkin Allan 1972 05 01 Two isostructural actinide pi complexes Crystal and molecular structure of bis cyclooctatetraenyl uranium IV U C8H8 2 and bis cyclooctatetraenyl thorium IV Th C8H8 2 Inorganic Chemistry 11 5 1083 1088 doi 10 1021 ic50111a034 ISSN 0020 1669 Hodgson Keith O Raymond Kenneth N 1972 12 01 Ion pair complex formed between bis cyclooctatetraenyl cerium III anion and an ether coordinated potassium cation Crystal and molecular structure of K CH3OCH2CH2 2O Ce C8H8 2 Inorganic Chemistry 11 12 3030 3035 doi 10 1021 ic50118a031 ISSN 0020 1669 2 Raymond K N Proc Natl Acad Sci 2006 103 58499 18503 Raymond K N J Am Chem Soc 1995 117 7245 7246 Conjugation Effects of Various Linkers on Gd III MRI Contrast Agents with Dendrimers Optimizing the Hydroxypyridinonate HOPO Ligands with Nontoxic Degradable Esteramide Lumiphore Raymond K N Science 2007 316 5821 85 88 John Simon Guggenheim Foundation Kenneth N Raymond Kenneth Raymond www nasonline org Retrieved 2021 05 18 C amp EN 21 January 2008 page 59 External links edithttp www cchem berkeley edu knrgrp home html http chem berkeley edu people faculty raymond raymond html http lumiphore com Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ken Raymond amp oldid 1155070583, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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