Karan Singh
Karan Singh PMSP (born 9 March 1931) is an Indian politician and philosopher.[1] He is the son of the last ruling Maharaja of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir, Sir Hari Singh. He was the prince regent of Jammu and Kashmir until 1952. From 1952 to 1965 he was the Sadr-i-Riyasat (President) of the state of Jammu and Kashmir in the Republic of India.[2] He is the chairperson trustee of the Dharmarth Trust of Jammu and Kashmir which maintains 175 temples in north India and works in other areas such as historical preservation.[3][4]
Karan Singh | |
|---|---|
Singh at the Rashtrapati Bhavan in December 2013 | |
| 1st Governor of Jammu and Kashmir | |
| In office 30 March 1965 – 15 May 1967 | |
| Preceded by | Position established Himself as Sadr-i-Riyasat |
| Succeeded by | Bhagwan Sahay |
| Sadr-i-Riyasat of Jammu and Kashmir | |
| In office 17 November 1952 – 30 March 1965 | |
| Prime Minister | Sheikh Abdullah Bakshi Ghulam Mohammad Khwaja Shamsuddin Ghulam Mohammed Sadiq |
| Preceded by | Position established |
| Succeeded by | Position abolished Himself as Governor |
| Prince Regent of Jammu and Kashmir | |
| In office 20 June 1949 – 17 November 1952 | |
| Monarch | Sir Hari Singh |
| Ambassador of India to the United States of America | |
| In office 1989–1990 | |
| Preceded by | P. K. Kaul |
| Succeeded by | Abid Hussain |
| Minister of Education and Culture | |
| In office 30 July 1979 – 14 January 1980 | |
| Prime Minister | Charan Singh |
| Preceded by | Pratap Chandra Chunder |
| Succeeded by | B. Shankaranand |
| Minister for Health and Family Planning | |
| In office 9 November 1973 – 24 March 1977 | |
| Prime Minister | Indira Gandhi |
| Preceded by | Uma Shankar Dikshit |
| Succeeded by | Raj Narain |
| Minister of Tourism and Civil Aviation | |
| In office 13 March 1967 – 9 November 1973 | |
| Prime Minister | Indira Gandhi |
| Preceded by | Ministry established |
| Succeeded by | R. Bahadur |
| Member of the Rajya Sabha for National Capital Territory of Delhi | |
| In office 28 January 2000 – 27 January 2018 | |
| Member of the Lok Sabha for Udhampur | |
| In office 1971–1984 | |
| Preceded by | G. S. Brigadier |
| Succeeded by | Girdhari Lal Dogra |
| In office 1967–1968 | |
| Preceded by | Constituency established |
| Succeeded by | G. S. Brigadier |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 9 March 1931 Cannes, France |
| Political party | Indian National Congress (1947 - 1979, 2000 - Present) |
| Other political affiliations | Indian National Congress (U) (1979 - 1984) Independent (1984) |
| Spouse | Yasho Rajya Lakshmi |
| Relations | Dogra dynasty Chitrangada Singh (daughter-in-law) Bhim Singh (kinsman) Dhian Singh (ancestral Kinsman) |
| Children | Ajatshatru Singh, Vikramaditya Singh, Jyotsna Singh |
| Parent(s) | Maharaja Sir Hari Singh Maharani Tara Devi |
| Residence(s) | Mansarovar 3, Nyaya Marg, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi, |
| Alma mater | University of Kashmir (B.A.) University of Delhi (M.A., PhD) |
| Awards | Padma Vibhushan Memorial Medal of Tree of Peace |
| Signature | |
| Website | karansingh.com |
Singh was a member of India's Upper House of Parliament, the Rajya Sabha, representing the national capital territory of Delhi. He is a senior member of the Indian National Congress party who served successively as President (Sadr-i-Riyasat)[2][5] and Governor of the former state of Jammu and Kashmir. He was a life trustee and president of India International Center. He was elected chancellor of Banaras Hindu University for three terms[6] until 2018 when he was succeeded by Giridhar Malaviya.[7] He has been a prospective presidential candidate over the years.[8][9][10][11]
Early and personal life
Yuvraj Karan Singh was born at the Martinez Hotel,[12] Cannes, France, into the Dogra dynasty. He was the only son of Sir Hari Singh, Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir.[13] His mother, Maharani Tara Devi, who was the fourth wife of his father, was the daughter of a landowning Katoch Rajput family and came from (Vijaypur near Bilaspur) in Kangra district of Himachal Pradesh.[dubious ][citation needed]
Singh was educated at Doon School, Dehra Dun, a boarding school, which represented a departure from the usual practise of princes being educated by tutors at home. The school was very elite, but it nevertheless meant that Karan Singh shared the classroom (though not the hostel) with boys from non-royal backgrounds, and received a standard education. Unusually for the scion of an Indian royal family, he then enrolled in a college for a graduate degree, receiving first a B.A. degree from Jammu and Kashmir University, Srinagar, and subsequently an M.A. degree in Political Science and a PhD degree from University of Delhi.[14]
In 1950, the 19-year-old Karan Singh was married to 13-year-old Yasho Rajya Lakshmi, daughter of a nobleman belonging to the Rana family of Nepal. Her father, General Sharada Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana, was a senior army officer and the son of Mohan Shumsher Jang Bahadur Rana, the last Rana Prime Minister of Nepal.[15] The match, arranged by their families in the usual Indian way, was entirely harmonious and lasted all their lives. The couple had three children:
- Yuvraj Vikramaditya Singh, elder son and crown prince; married Chitrangada Scindia, the daughter of Madhavrao Scindia of Gwalior, in 1987.[16]
- Ajatshatru Singh, second son; took to politics, was elected to the state assembly from the Nagrota constituency and became a minister in the state government. His wife is the daughter of an army officer.
- Jyotsna Singh, only daughter, married to Dhirendra Singh Chauhan, from a Chauhan family belonging to Mainpuri in Uttar Pradesh.[17]
Political career
In 1949, at age of eighteen, Singh was appointed as the Prince Regent of Jammu and Kashmir state after his father stepped down as the ruler, following the state's accession to India.[18] From that point, he served successively as regent, the Sadr-i-Riyasat, and the first governor of the state of Jammu and Kashmir from 1965 to 1967.
On August 8, 1953 as the President (Sadr-i-Riyasat) of Jammu and Kashmir, Karan Singh backed a coup d'etat against the elected Prime Minister Sheikh Abdullah,[19] allegedly for harboring independent ambitions for Kashmir, which led to the imprisonment of Abdullah for eleven years following the Kashmir Conspiracy Case.
In 1967, he resigned as Governor of Jammu and Kashmir, and became the youngest-ever member of the Union Cabinet, holding the portfolios of Tourism and Civil Aviation between 1967 and 1973.[20][21] Two years later, he voluntarily surrendered his privy purse, which he had been entitled to since the death of his father in 1961. He placed the entire sum into a charitable trust named after his parents.
In the 26th amendment[22] to the Constitution of India promulgated in 1971, the Government of India, of which Karan Singh was a Union cabinet minister, abolished all official symbols of princely India, including titles, privileges, and remuneration (privy purses).[23] During the conclusion of the Cold War, he was India's ambassador to the USA. Singh received the Padma Vibhushan in 2005.
In 1971, he was sent as an envoy to the Eastern Bloc nations to explain India's position with regard to East Pakistan, then engaged in civil war with West Pakistan.[24] He attempted to resign following an aircraft crash in 1973, but the resignation was not accepted. The same year, he became the Minister for Health and Family planning, serving in this post until 1977.
Following the Emergency, Karan Singh was elected to the Lok Sabha from Udhampur in 1977 on a Congress ticket [the party had not split into Congress(I) and Congress(U) factions till then], and became Minister of Education and Culture in 1979 in Charan Singh's cabinet, representing Congress(U), which had split from Indira's Congress. Notably, Charan Singh became Prime Minister after the fall of Janata Party government headed by Morarji Desai. And Charan Singh himself resigned without facing Parliament even for a day as he was not sure of having a confidence motion passed in his favour. Karan Singh contested the 1980 Lok Sabha election on a Congress(U) ticket and won. In 1989–1990, he served as Indian Ambassador to the US, and this experience became the subject of a book he wrote, "Brief Sojourn".[25]
From 1967 to 1984, Karan Singh was a member of the Lok Sabha. In 1984, he contested the Lok Sabha polls as an independent candidate from Jammu but lost the election. He was a member of the Rajya Sabha from 30 November 1996 to 12 August 1999, representing National Conference, a Muslim dominated party active in Jammu and Kashmir. Later, he was a Rajya Sabha member from 28 January 2000 to 27 January 2018 representing INC. He is known for switching his loyalties from one political party to another quite frequently. He has served as Chancellor of Banaras Hindu University, Jammu and Kashmir University, Jawaharlal Nehru University, and NIIT University.[26]
Prime Minister Manmohan Singh addressing at the launch of a film - I Believe Universal Values for a Global Society, by Raja Choudhury based on the beliefs of Dr. Karan Singh in 2011.
Dr. Karan Singh, along with Prime Minister Manmohan Singh and Rahul Gandhi present the Rajiv Gandhi National Sadbhavana Award to Dr. Kiran Seth in 2011.
Dr. Karan Singh meets Hillary Clinton along with Congress party President Sonia Gandhi, and Rahul Gandhi. July 2009
Later life
He has been engaged by Sansad TV (a merged Global TV Channel of Lok Sabha TV and Rajya Sabha TV) as a Guest Anchor along with some other senior celebrated experts from diverse fields such as Bibek Debroy, Amitabh Kant, Shashi Tharoor, Hemant Batra, Maroof Raza and Sanjeev Sanyal to present some flagship programmes.[27][28][29]
Academic career
Karan Singh served as the chancellor of Banaras Hindu University for three terms up until 2018. In 2008, he awarded an honorary doctorate to the then prime minister Manmohan Singh,[30] and in 2016, he was asked by university administration to award an honorary doctorate to prime minister Modi, that the prime minister declined.[31]
Honours and awards
- Padma Vibhushan (2005).
- Memorial Medal of Tree of Peace. International peace award granted by a Slovak non-governmental organization (2021).[32]
Views
On population
"In 1974, I led the Indian delegation to the World Population Conference in Bucharest, where my statement that 'development is the best contraceptive' became widely known and oft quoted. I must admit that 20 years later I am inclined to reverse this, and my position now is that 'contraception is the best development'.”[33]
Bibliography
- Towards A New India (1974)
- Population, Poverty and the Future of India (1975)
- One Man's World (1986)
- Essays on Hinduism. Ratna Sagar. 1987. ISBN 81-7070-173-2.
- Humanity at the Crossroads, with Daisaku Ikeda. Oxford University Press, 1988.
- Autobiography (2 vols.)(1989)
- Brief Sojourn (1991)
- Hymn to Shiva and Other Poems (1991)
- The Transition to a Global Society (1991)
- Mountain of Shiva (1994)
- Autobiography. Oxford University Press, 1994. ISBN 0-19-563636-8.
- Hinduism. Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd, 2005. ISBN 1-84557-425-7
- Mundaka Upanishad: The Bridge to Immortality.
- Ten Gurus of the Sikhs Their Life Story, Tr. into English Pramila Naniwadekar & Moreshwar Naniwadekar.
- Nehru's Kashmir. Wisdom Tree. ISBN 978-81-8328-160-7.
- A Treasury of Indian Wisdom. Penguin Ananda, 2010. ISBN 978-0-670-08450-0.
- An Examined Life ed. Raghav Verma. Harper Collins, 2019. ISBN 9353570239[34][35]
See also
References
- ^ "Dr. Karan Singh". karansingh.com. Retrieved 19 June 2017.
- ^ a b "Karan Singh on Accession of Kashmir to India". Outlook India magazine. 19 July 2017. Retrieved 19 June 2017.
- ^ "PM releases Manuscript with commentaries by 21 scholars on shlokas of Srimad Bhagavadgita". Press Information Bureau, Government of India. 9 March 2021. Retrieved 29 January 2022.
- ^ "Working Group Report on Improving Heritage Management in India" (PDF). NITI Aayog. 2020. p. 43.
- ^ Saraf, Nandini (2012). The Life and Times of Lokmanya Tilak. Prabhat Prakashan. p. 341. ISBN 9788184301526.
Before leaving Srinagar he also had long talks with Yuvraj Karan Singh, who was then being pressed to become the Sadr-i-Riyasat - Head of State of the State.
- ^ "Karan Singh elected BHU chancellor for 3rd time". The Times of India. 24 June 2010. Retrieved 22 February 2020.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Madan Mohan Malaviya's grandson next BHU chancellor". Business Standard India. Press Trust of India. 27 November 2018. Retrieved 22 February 2020.
- ^ "I'm available for the top job: Karan Singh". Hindustan Times. PTI. 14 June 2007. Retrieved 13 November 2021.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: others (link) CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Ankit Love wants nomination of Dr Karan Singh & Bhim Singh for President and Vice President of India". Cross Town News. 23 June 2021. Retrieved 16 October 2021.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Bhim Singh pitches Dr Karan Singh as next President", Daily Excelsior, 5 June 2017, archived from the original on 19 December 2021, retrieved 18 June 2017
- ^ . JK Monitor. Archived from the original on 5 September 2017. Retrieved 18 June 2017.
- ^ "Karan Singh recalls his French Connection". NetIndian. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Rajya Sabha MP Karan Singh slams attempts to brand Hari Singh as communal". 28 January 2017.
- ^ . Doon School. Archived from the original on 18 September 2009.
- ^ . Archived from the original on 24 September 2010.
- ^ The Gwalior Royal Wedding Event covered in India Today
- ^ "Unlike Father, son". The Week.
- ^ Dr. Karan Singh Raj Bhawan, Jammu and Kashmir official website.
- ^ Puri, Jammu and Kashmir, State Politics in India 2015, p. 229.
- ^ "COUNCIL OF MINISTERS: GANDHI 2". kolumbus.fi. Retrieved 10 March 2018.
- ^ "COUNCIL OF MINISTERS: GANDHI 3". kolumbus.fi. Retrieved 10 March 2018.
- ^ "The Constitution (26 Amendment) Act, 1971", indiacode.nic.in, Government of India, 1971, retrieved 9 November 2011
- ^ 1. Ramusack, Barbara N. (2004). The Indian princes and their states. Cambridge University Press. p. 278. ISBN 978-0-521-26727-4., "Through a constitutional amendment passed in 1971, Indira Gandhi stripped the princes of the titles, privy purses and regal privileges which her father's government had granted." (p 278). 2. Naipaul, V. S. (2003), India: A Wounded Civilization, Random House Digital, Inc., p. 37, ISBN 978-1-4000-3075-0 Quote: "The princes of India – their number and variety reflecting to a large extent the chaos that had come to the country with the break up of the Mughal empire – had lost real power in the British time. Through generations of idle servitude they had grown to specialize only in style. A bogus, extinguishable glamour: in 1947, with Independence, they had lost their state, and Mrs. Gandhi in 1971 had, without much public outcry, abolished their privy purses and titles." (pp 37–38). 3. Schmidt, Karl J. (1995), An atlas and survey of South Asian history, M.E. Sharpe, p. 78, ISBN 978-1-56324-334-9 Quote: "Although the Indian states were alternately requested or forced into union with either India or Pakistan, the real death of princely India came when the Twenty-sixth Amendment Act (1971) abolished the princes' titles, privileges, and privy purses." (page 78). 4. Breckenridge, Carol Appadurai (1995), Consuming modernity: public culture in a South Asian world, U of Minnesota Press, p. 84, ISBN 978-0-8166-2306-8 Quote: "The third stage in the political evolution of the princes from rulers to citizens occurred in 1971, when the constitution ceased to recognize them as princes and their privy purses, titles, and special privileges were abolished." (page 84). 5. Guha, Ramachandra (2008), India After Gandhi: The History of the World's Largest Democracy, HarperCollins, p. 441, ISBN 978-0-06-095858-9 Quote: "Her success at the polls emboldened Mrs. Gandhi to act decisively against the princes. Through 1971, the two sides tried and failed to find a settlement. The princes were willing to forgo their privy purses, but hoped at least to save their titles. But with her overwhelming majority in Parliament, the prime minister had no need to compromise. On 2 December, she introduced a bill to amend the constitution and abolish all princely privileges. It was passed in the Lok Sabha by 381 votes to six, and in the Rajya Sabha by 167 votes to seven. In her own speech, the prime minister invited 'the princes to join the elite of the modern age, the elite which earns respect by its talent, energy and contribution to human progress, all of which can only be done when we work together as equals without regarding anybody as of special status.' " (page 441). 6. Cheesman, David (1997). Landlord power and rural indebtedness in colonial Sind, 1865–1901. London: Routledge. p. 10. ISBN 978-0-7007-0470-5. Quote: "The Indian princes survived the British Raj by only a few years. The Indian republic stripped them of their powers and then their titles." (page 10). 7. Merriam-Webster, Inc (1997), Merriam-Webster's geographical dictionary, Merriam-Webster, p. 520, ISBN 978-0-87779-546-9 Quote: "Indian States: "Various (formerly) semi-independent areas in India ruled by native princes .... Under British rule ... administered by residents assisted by political agents. Titles and remaining privileges of princes abolished by Indian government 1971." (page 520). 8. Ward, Philip (September 1989), Northern India, Rajasthan, Agra, Delhi: a travel guide, Pelican Publishing, p. 91, ISBN 978-0-88289-753-0 Quote: "A monarchy is only as good as the reigning monarch: thus it is with the princely states. Once they seemed immutable, invincible. In 1971 they were "derecognized," their privileges, privy purses and titles all abolished at a stroke" (page 91)
- ^ "Dr. Karan Singh".
- ^ Karan echoes Omar, but ‘J&K part of India’, Arun Sharma, Jammu, Sat 23 October 2010, The Indian Express Limited
- ^ "NIIT University: Best University in India for B Tech, Integrated MBA, Ph. D Courses". niituniversity.in.
- ^ "All set for Sansad TV launch; Karan Singh, Tharoor, Kant, Sanyal to host special shows". Tribune India.
- ^ "PM Narendra Modi to launch Sansad TV on September 15: Report". Business Standard India. Press Trust of India. 10 September 2021 – via Press Trust of India.
- ^ "PM Modi to launch Sansad TV on September 15, say sources". The Times of India.
- ^ "Manmohan Singh awarded honorary doctorate degree by BHU | India News - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 22 February 2020.
- ^ "Take pride in India's heritage, culture: PM Modi at BHU convocation ceremony". Business Standard India. 23 February 2016. Retrieved 22 February 2020.
- ^ Servare et Manere (22 April 2022). "Dr. Karan Singh was awarded by Servare et Manere medal". Tree of peace / Strom pokoja. Retrieved 22 April 2022.
- ^ . populationmatters.org. Archived from the original on 3 July 2015. Retrieved 3 July 2014.
- ^ SINGH, KARAN. VERMA, RAGHAV. (2019). EXAMINED LIFE : essays and reflections by karan singh. [S.l.]: HARPERCOLLINS INDIA. ISBN 978-93-5357-023-1. OCLC 1100771553.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ "An Examined Life". HarperCollins Publishers India. Retrieved 14 June 2020.
- Detailed Profile: Dr. Karan Singh Government of India portal
Further reading
- An Examined Life: Essays and Reflections by Karan Singh, ed. Raghav Verma. Harper Collins, 2019. ISBN 9353570239
External links
- Dr. Karan Singh's Official Website
- Film: I Believe: Universal Values for a Global Society with Dr. Singh and by Raja Choudhury.