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Kalabagh Dam

December 16, 2023

The Kalabagh Dam (Urdu: کالا باغ ڈيم, Sindhi: ڪالاباغ ڊيم) is a proposed hydroelectric dam on the Indus River at Kalabagh in the Mianwali District, Punjab, Pakistan, which has been intensely debated along ethnic and regional lines for over 40 years. [citation needed]

Kalabagh Dam
Location of Kalabagh Dam in Pakistan
Official nameکالا باغ ڈيم
CountryPakistan
LocationKalabagh, Mianwali District
Coordinates32°57′23″N 071°36′49″E / 32.95639°N 71.61361°E / 32.95639; 71.61361
StatusNot Started
Construction beganTBA
Opening dateTBA
Construction costTBA
Dam and spillways
Type of damEarthfill dam (zoned fill embankment with clay core)
ImpoundsIndus River
Height83 m (272 ft)
Length500 m (1,640 ft)
Reservoir
Active capacity7.52 km3 (6,100,000 acre⋅ft)
Inactive capacity9.7 km3 (7,900,000 acre⋅ft)
Catchment area110,500 sq mi (286,000 km2)
Power Station
Hydraulic head170 ft (52 m)
Turbines12 x 300 MW
Installed capacity3,600 MW (max. planned)
Annual generation11,400 GWh

If constructed, the dam could generate 3,600 megawatts(MW) of electricity. It is also suggested and promoted as a potential solution to the chronic flooding problem and the related water crises in the country. Over the decades, the understanding of the environmental impacts of mega dam projects have grown, and Pakistan Economy Watch has demanded a national debate on the KBD issue.[1][2][3][4][5][6]

History edit

After the construction of Tarbela Dam and Mangla Dam, Kalabagh became the highest priority dam project.[7] In 1979, the government obtained a grant of $25 million from the UNDP for its preparation, detailed design and feasibility. Pakistan first approached the Soviet Union for financing assistance, but due to strained relations with Afghanistan (a Soviet ally), this request was denied. The government then approached the World Bank, which agreed to finance the project. At this point in Pakistan's history, previous dam projects such as Mangla (under Ayub Khan) and Tarbela (under Zulfikar Ali Bhutto) never faced any opposition.[8] Even Kalabagh was approved by the Central Development Working Party, without dissent.[7]

The issue of Kalabagh started to become politicized after the execution of the former Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, a highly popular leader from the downstream province of Sindh.[8] Adding to the controversy, was the feud between Zia-ul-Haq and his own NWFP governor Fazl e Haq, which eventually dragged in the Awami National Party into the opposing camp. Due to certain violations of the Indus Accord by the Punjab province, reservations in Sindh grew against the project, whose population and political leaders now painted it as a conspiracy.[citation needed]

Despite the political roadblocks, the World Bank and foreign consultants continued their work on Kalabagh, over a period of ten years, up to 1986 when the project was finally put on hold.[9] The suspicions of the Sindhis grew after Benazir Bhutto's government was dismissed in favor of Nawaz Sharif (from Punjab.) There is debate on whether Benazir favored the Kalabagh project.[10] Pir Pagar has claimed the dam was originally conceived by her father, and that Benazir had allocated funds for it. Others like Sharjeel Memon have claimed Benazir was against its construction.[citation needed]

In December 2004, Pervez Musharraf announced that he would re-initiate the Kalabagh project to serve the larger interest of Pakistan. However, on 26 May 2008, the Federal Minister for Water and Power of Pakistan, Raja Pervez Ashraf, said that the "Kalabagh Dam would not be constructed" and that the project had been cancelled due to "opposition from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Sindh and other stakeholders, the project was no longer feasible".[11] In 2010 after the worst floods in Pakistani history, the Prime Minister of Pakistan, Yousaf Raza Gilani, stated flood damage would be minimized if the Kalabagh Dam were built.[12]

Arguments Supporting Construction edit

A study funded by National University of Science and Technology in 2014, concluded that building Kaalabagh would offer the following benefits: (1) Annual savings of $4 billion in energy costs (2) Saving Rs. 132 billion due to irrigation benefits and (3) Prevent flood-loss damage, such as the $45 billion loss suffered in recent floods at the time the study was published.[13] The study estimated that the overall benefits of Kalabagh would provide US Dollar 87 million every year, and thus the cost of construction would be repaid within 8–9 years. Moreover, according to the study, the negative consequences of not building Kalabagh are as follows: (1) Economic destabilization due to food shortage, (2) "Serious drop" in agricultural production, (3) Rise in inter-provincial disputes over water, (4) Additional cost of importing energy, (5) Prohibitive cost of electricity for the average consumer and (6) Effects on industry and agriculture due to rising electricity costs.[citation needed]

Bashir A. Malik, former chief technical advisor to the United Nations and World Bank, said, "Sindh and Pakhtunkhwah would become drought areas in the years to come if Kalabagh Dam was not built."[14] At the same time, former KP Chief Minister Shamsul Mulk has stated that the "Kalabagh Dam would be helpful in erasing poverty from Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, as it would irrigate 800,000 acres of cultivable land that is located 100–150 feet above the level of River Indus."[15] The Kalabagh Dam would provide 6.5 million acre feet of water to cultivate seven million acres of currently barren land in addition to the 3,600 megawatts (4,800,000 hp) of electricity it would provide.[16] In response to the push towards side-lining Kalabagh altogether in favour of the rival Basha Dam project, Engineer Anwer Khurshid stated that "Basha Dam is no substitute for Kalabagh Dam, not because of its altitude, which is high enough, but because no irrigation canals can be taken out from it because of the hilly terrain."[17][18]

Experts who supported the construction of the Kalabagh Dam at the 2012 "Save Water Save Pakistan" Forum included: Dr Salman Shah, former Finance Minister of Pakistan; Abdul Majeed Khan, TECH Society president; Shafqat Masood, former IRSA chairman; Qayyum Nizami, former Minister of State; Prof Abdul Qayyum Qureshi, former Vice-Chancellor of Islamia University, Bahawalpur; Dr Muhammad Sadiq, agricultural scientist; M Saeed Khan, former GM of Kalabagh Dam Project; Engr. Mahmudur Rehman Chughtai, Mansoor Ahmed, former MD of Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission Foundation, M. Zubair Sheikh and Jameel Gishkori, among others.[19] The participants of Save Water Save Pakistan demanded the construction of five dams, including the Munda Dam, Kurram Tangi Dam, Akhori Dam and the Kalabagh Dam, at by 2025 at the latest to store water and generate electricity to meet demand.[20]

Initially when the project was being conceived, engineering studies conducted by an independent Panel of Experts were also constituted by the World Bank, to progressively review the consultants work and to advise them.[21] Members of this panel were eminent world experts and were drawn from different countries. Additional specialists were invited for giving their views on selected topics, where needed. An independent review panel was also constituted by the Government of Pakistan, consisting of eminent Pakistani engineers to review the Project Planning Report. Among them were Manzoor Ahmed Sheikh, Asghar Ali Abidi and Shah Nawaz Khan. This panel also agreed with the conclusions of the Report and supported its recommendations.[citation needed]

Opposition to Kalabagh edit

Kalabagh dam is opposed by major political parties of Sindh and Kyber Pakhtunkhwah such as PTI, ANP, JUI(F) and PPP.[22][23][24][25][26] The government from time to time tries to form a consensus on the issue.[27] The former leader of the opposition in the National Assembly Syed Khurshid Ahmed Shah showed objection to the site of Kalabagh Dam and said it is a threat to small provinces.[28] The former Chief Minister of KPK Pervez Khattak said that the KBD is against the interests of KP.[29] Awami National Party has opposed the construction and site of KBD.[30] Sustainable Development Policy Institute, an NGO, published a case study on Kalabagh dam in 1999, mainly arguing against the environmental and displacement impact of building large dams.[31] Muttahida Qaumi Movement (MQM) former chief Altaf Hussain conditionally supported the Kalabagh dam and said that government should address the reservations of Sindhis before its construction[32][33][34][35] Sindh is opposing Kalabagh Dam over River Indus because the province is located at the end and its entire economy and water needs depend on the flow of the River Indus. Sindhi people fear that the Kalabagh Dam would further reduce the water flow in Indus as according to the proposed design two irrigation canals would be constructed along with the Dam. This would result in almost no water flow downstream Kotri Barrage on Indus.[36] Moreover, the famous Kalabagh Dam commission led by A.G.N Kazi set up by former Military dictator General Pervaiz Musharraf had also opposed the construction of the dam because water is not available in Indus for most of the time. The Kazi Commission has also endorsed the IUCN estimates that the annual requirements for outflow of Indus water to sea for environmental sustenance to be 27 million acre feet (MAF). [37] Sea intrusion due to a reduction in river water below Kotri Barrage has destroyed Indus Delta. According to estimates sea intrusion has caused loss of 2.3 million acres of agricultural land.[38]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ "Development: Engineering design of Kalabagh dam completed". The Express Tribune. APP. 13 January 2014. Retrieved 8 July 2014.
  2. ^ "PEW demands national debate on Kalabagh Dam". www.pakistantoday.com.pk. Retrieved 22 June 2018.
  3. ^ "Kalabagh Dam - Pakistan Today". www.pakistantoday.com.pk. Retrieved 22 June 2018.
  4. ^ Mariam Khan (30 November 2014). "Kalabagh Dam - A Pivotal Need for Pakistan?". HuffPost. TheHuffingtonPost Inc. Retrieved 29 March 2016.
  5. ^ "Kalabagh Dam Conflict in Pakistan - ECC Factbook". 11 March 2015. Retrieved 22 June 2018.
  6. ^ . spearheadresearch.org. Archived from the original on 12 June 2018. Retrieved 22 June 2018.
  7. ^ a b "DAWN - Editorial; February 24, 2006". DAWN.COM. 24 February 2006. Retrieved 30 July 2018.
  8. ^ a b Newspaper, the (18 June 2011). "Kalabagh dam – another view". DAWN.COM. Retrieved 31 July 2018.
  9. ^ "Who stopped Kalabagh Dam?". The Nation. 30 September 2011. Retrieved 31 July 2018.
  10. ^ "Benazir Bhutto was against Kalabagh Dam: Sharjeel | The Express Tribune". The Express Tribune. 21 November 2012. Retrieved 30 July 2018.
  11. ^ Kalabagh Dam shelved forever 3 November 2013 at the Wayback Machine. Nation.com.pk (27 May 2008). Retrieved 6 June 2012.
  12. ^ Leading News Resource of Pakistan. Daily Times (10 August 2010). Retrieved 6 June 2012.
  13. ^ Khan, Muhammad; Jamil, S.M.; Ali, L; Akhtar, Kiran; Javaid, Muhammad (1 January 2014). "Feasibility study of Kalabagh dam Pakistan". Life Science Journal. 11: 458–470. Retrieved 22 June 2018 – via ResearchGate.
  14. ^ Malik, Bashir (10 October 2011). "India behind Kalabagh Dam opposition: water expert". The News International. Retrieved 11 July 2012.
  15. ^ Mulk, Shamsul (22 May 2012). "Need for early construction of Kalabagh Dam stressed". The News International. Retrieved 11 July 2012.
  16. ^ . The Nation. 19 January 2012. Archived from the original on 27 January 2012. Retrieved 11 July 2012.
  17. ^ ANWER, KHURSHID (1 July 2012). "CCI approves Kalabagh Dam". The Nation. Retrieved 11 July 2012.
  18. ^ "Fact Urdu : : : : Kala Bagh Dam". fact.com.pk. Retrieved 22 June 2018.
  19. ^ "Experts for construction of dams". The News International. 5 April 2012. Retrieved 11 July 2012.
  20. ^ "Kalabagh Dam - the Facts". 20 January 2017.
  21. ^ . www.pakistaneconomist.com. Archived from the original on 20 October 2018. Retrieved 22 June 2018.
  22. ^ Report, Bureau (16 October 2015). "Jamaat declares Kalabagh dam 'very dangerous'". Retrieved 22 June 2018.
  23. ^ "KP Assembly likely to pass anti-KBD resolution sans hiccups". www.pakistantoday.com.pk. Retrieved 22 June 2018.
  24. ^ "'Dead KBD horse' cannot be given life, says KP minister". www.pakistantoday.com.pk. Retrieved 22 June 2018.
  25. ^ "Shaw Communications". members.shaw.ca. Retrieved 22 June 2018.
  26. ^ "Sindh Assembly rejects LHC's Kalabagh Dam ruling". www.pakistantoday.com.pk. Retrieved 22 June 2018.
  27. ^ "Controversial topic: All parties urged to agree on Kalabagh dam - The Express Tribune". 25 July 2015. Retrieved 22 June 2018.
  28. ^ INP (14 October 2015). "Kalabagh Dam a threat to small provinces, says Khurshid Shah". Pakistan Today. Retrieved 29 March 2016.
  29. ^ "Khattak says Kalabagh Dam against KP interest - Daily Times". 18 December 2015. Retrieved 22 June 2018.
  30. ^ . awaminationalparty.org. Archived from the original on 25 December 2015. Retrieved 22 June 2018.
  31. ^ https://www.sdpi.org/publications/files/W48-The%20Case%20Against%20Kalabagh%20Dam.pdf[bare URL PDF]
  32. ^ "MQM's up for Kalabagh Dam! Are you?". Pakistan Today. 25 June 2015. Retrieved 29 March 2016.
  33. ^ . Archived from the original on 9 April 2016. Retrieved 29 March 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  34. ^ . The News Tribe © Copyright 2016, All Rights Reserved. 24 June 2015. Archived from the original on 9 April 2016. Retrieved 29 March 2016.
  35. ^ http://pu.edu.pk/images/journal/csas/PDF/1_V28_1_2013.pdf[bare URL PDF]
  36. ^ Sikander Brohi (December 2018). "Indus Flow Downstream Kotri Barrage : Need Or Wastage?". SZABIST Center for Information and Research, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan – via ResearchGate.
  37. ^ "Kalabagh Dam: Look Before Your Leap". 11 September 2018.
  38. ^ "Pakistan's Indus delta becoming no man's land". 29 July 2019.

External links edit

  • Sheikhupura Chamber of Commerce: The Behavior of some Beaurocracy [sic] Towards National Problems by Muzaffar Hameed, June 2010
  • Dawn news: Kalabagh: the other view, Published 16 December 2012
  • Kalabagh Dam: An ecological Disaster by Abrar Kazi
  • Kalabagh Dam (Mianwali News) (in Urdu)

December 16, 2023
kalabagh, urdu, کالا, باغ, ڈيم, sindhi, ڪالاباغ, ڊيم, proposed, hydroelectric, indus, river, kalabagh, mianwali, district, punjab, pakistan, which, been, intensely, debated, along, ethnic, regional, lines, over, years, citation, needed, location, pakistanoffic. The Kalabagh Dam Urdu کالا باغ ڈيم Sindhi ڪالاباغ ڊيم is a proposed hydroelectric dam on the Indus River at Kalabagh in the Mianwali District Punjab Pakistan which has been intensely debated along ethnic and regional lines for over 40 years citation needed Kalabagh DamLocation of Kalabagh Dam in PakistanOfficial nameکالا باغ ڈيمCountryPakistanLocationKalabagh Mianwali DistrictCoordinates32 57 23 N 071 36 49 E 32 95639 N 71 61361 E 32 95639 71 61361StatusNot StartedConstruction beganTBAOpening dateTBAConstruction costTBADam and spillwaysType of damEarthfill dam zoned fill embankment with clay core ImpoundsIndus RiverHeight83 m 272 ft Length500 m 1 640 ft ReservoirActive capacity7 52 km3 6 100 000 acre ft Inactive capacity9 7 km3 7 900 000 acre ft Catchment area110 500 sq mi 286 000 km2 Power StationHydraulic head170 ft 52 m Turbines12 x 300 MWInstalled capacity3 600 MW max planned Annual generation11 400 GWhIf constructed the dam could generate 3 600 megawatts MW of electricity It is also suggested and promoted as a potential solution to the chronic flooding problem and the related water crises in the country Over the decades the understanding of the environmental impacts of mega dam projects have grown and Pakistan Economy Watch has demanded a national debate on the KBD issue 1 2 3 4 5 6 Contents 1 History 2 Arguments Supporting Construction 3 Opposition to Kalabagh 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksHistory editAfter the construction of Tarbela Dam and Mangla Dam Kalabagh became the highest priority dam project 7 In 1979 the government obtained a grant of 25 million from the UNDP for its preparation detailed design and feasibility Pakistan first approached the Soviet Union for financing assistance but due to strained relations with Afghanistan a Soviet ally this request was denied The government then approached the World Bank which agreed to finance the project At this point in Pakistan s history previous dam projects such as Mangla under Ayub Khan and Tarbela under Zulfikar Ali Bhutto never faced any opposition 8 Even Kalabagh was approved by the Central Development Working Party without dissent 7 The issue of Kalabagh started to become politicized after the execution of the former Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto a highly popular leader from the downstream province of Sindh 8 Adding to the controversy was the feud between Zia ul Haq and his own NWFP governor Fazl e Haq which eventually dragged in the Awami National Party into the opposing camp Due to certain violations of the Indus Accord by the Punjab province reservations in Sindh grew against the project whose population and political leaders now painted it as a conspiracy citation needed Despite the political roadblocks the World Bank and foreign consultants continued their work on Kalabagh over a period of ten years up to 1986 when the project was finally put on hold 9 The suspicions of the Sindhis grew after Benazir Bhutto s government was dismissed in favor of Nawaz Sharif from Punjab There is debate on whether Benazir favored the Kalabagh project 10 Pir Pagar has claimed the dam was originally conceived by her father and that Benazir had allocated funds for it Others like Sharjeel Memon have claimed Benazir was against its construction citation needed In December 2004 Pervez Musharraf announced that he would re initiate the Kalabagh project to serve the larger interest of Pakistan However on 26 May 2008 the Federal Minister for Water and Power of Pakistan Raja Pervez Ashraf said that the Kalabagh Dam would not be constructed and that the project had been cancelled due to opposition from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Sindh and other stakeholders the project was no longer feasible 11 In 2010 after the worst floods in Pakistani history the Prime Minister of Pakistan Yousaf Raza Gilani stated flood damage would be minimized if the Kalabagh Dam were built 12 Arguments Supporting Construction editA study funded by National University of Science and Technology in 2014 concluded that building Kaalabagh would offer the following benefits 1 Annual savings of 4 billion in energy costs 2 Saving Rs 132 billion due to irrigation benefits and 3 Prevent flood loss damage such as the 45 billion loss suffered in recent floods at the time the study was published 13 The study estimated that the overall benefits of Kalabagh would provide US Dollar 87 million every year and thus the cost of construction would be repaid within 8 9 years Moreover according to the study the negative consequences of not building Kalabagh are as follows 1 Economic destabilization due to food shortage 2 Serious drop in agricultural production 3 Rise in inter provincial disputes over water 4 Additional cost of importing energy 5 Prohibitive cost of electricity for the average consumer and 6 Effects on industry and agriculture due to rising electricity costs citation needed Bashir A Malik former chief technical advisor to the United Nations and World Bank said Sindh and Pakhtunkhwah would become drought areas in the years to come if Kalabagh Dam was not built 14 At the same time former KP Chief Minister Shamsul Mulk has stated that the Kalabagh Dam would be helpful in erasing poverty from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa as it would irrigate 800 000 acres of cultivable land that is located 100 150 feet above the level of River Indus 15 The Kalabagh Dam would provide 6 5 million acre feet of water to cultivate seven million acres of currently barren land in addition to the 3 600 megawatts 4 800 000 hp of electricity it would provide 16 In response to the push towards side lining Kalabagh altogether in favour of the rival Basha Dam project Engineer Anwer Khurshid stated that Basha Dam is no substitute for Kalabagh Dam not because of its altitude which is high enough but because no irrigation canals can be taken out from it because of the hilly terrain 17 18 Experts who supported the construction of the Kalabagh Dam at the 2012 Save Water Save Pakistan Forum included Dr Salman Shah former Finance Minister of Pakistan Abdul Majeed Khan TECH Society president Shafqat Masood former IRSA chairman Qayyum Nizami former Minister of State Prof Abdul Qayyum Qureshi former Vice Chancellor of Islamia University Bahawalpur Dr Muhammad Sadiq agricultural scientist M Saeed Khan former GM of Kalabagh Dam Project Engr Mahmudur Rehman Chughtai Mansoor Ahmed former MD of Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission Foundation M Zubair Sheikh and Jameel Gishkori among others 19 The participants of Save Water Save Pakistan demanded the construction of five dams including the Munda Dam Kurram Tangi Dam Akhori Dam and the Kalabagh Dam at by 2025 at the latest to store water and generate electricity to meet demand 20 Initially when the project was being conceived engineering studies conducted by an independent Panel of Experts were also constituted by the World Bank to progressively review the consultants work and to advise them 21 Members of this panel were eminent world experts and were drawn from different countries Additional specialists were invited for giving their views on selected topics where needed An independent review panel was also constituted by the Government of Pakistan consisting of eminent Pakistani engineers to review the Project Planning Report Among them were Manzoor Ahmed Sheikh Asghar Ali Abidi and Shah Nawaz Khan This panel also agreed with the conclusions of the Report and supported its recommendations citation needed Opposition to Kalabagh editKalabagh dam is opposed by major political parties of Sindh and Kyber Pakhtunkhwah such as PTI ANP JUI F and PPP 22 23 24 25 26 The government from time to time tries to form a consensus on the issue 27 The former leader of the opposition in the National Assembly Syed Khurshid Ahmed Shah showed objection to the site of Kalabagh Dam and said it is a threat to small provinces 28 The former Chief Minister of KPK Pervez Khattak said that the KBD is against the interests of KP 29 Awami National Party has opposed the construction and site of KBD 30 Sustainable Development Policy Institute an NGO published a case study on Kalabagh dam in 1999 mainly arguing against the environmental and displacement impact of building large dams 31 Muttahida Qaumi Movement MQM former chief Altaf Hussain conditionally supported the Kalabagh dam and said that government should address the reservations of Sindhis before its construction 32 33 34 35 Sindh is opposing Kalabagh Dam over River Indus because the province is located at the end and its entire economy and water needs depend on the flow of the River Indus Sindhi people fear that the Kalabagh Dam would further reduce the water flow in Indus as according to the proposed design two irrigation canals would be constructed along with the Dam This would result in almost no water flow downstream Kotri Barrage on Indus 36 Moreover the famous Kalabagh Dam commission led by A G N Kazi set up by former Military dictator General Pervaiz Musharraf had also opposed the construction of the dam because water is not available in Indus for most of the time The Kazi Commission has also endorsed the IUCN estimates that the annual requirements for outflow of Indus water to sea for environmental sustenance to be 27 million acre feet MAF 37 Sea intrusion due to a reduction in river water below Kotri Barrage has destroyed Indus Delta According to estimates sea intrusion has caused loss of 2 3 million acres of agricultural land 38 See also edit nbsp Pakistan portal nbsp Water portal nbsp Renewable energy portalList of dams and reservoirs in Pakistan List of power stations in Pakistan Indus Waters Treaty Katzarah DamReferences edit Development Engineering design of Kalabagh dam completed The Express Tribune APP 13 January 2014 Retrieved 8 July 2014 PEW demands national debate on Kalabagh Dam www pakistantoday com pk Retrieved 22 June 2018 Kalabagh Dam Pakistan Today www pakistantoday com pk Retrieved 22 June 2018 Mariam Khan 30 November 2014 Kalabagh Dam A Pivotal Need for Pakistan HuffPost TheHuffingtonPost Inc Retrieved 29 March 2016 Kalabagh Dam Conflict in Pakistan ECC Factbook 11 March 2015 Retrieved 22 June 2018 Understanding the Kalabagh dam Spearhead Research Pakistan spearheadresearch org Archived from the original on 12 June 2018 Retrieved 22 June 2018 a b DAWN Editorial February 24 2006 DAWN COM 24 February 2006 Retrieved 30 July 2018 a b Newspaper the 18 June 2011 Kalabagh dam another view DAWN COM Retrieved 31 July 2018 Who stopped Kalabagh Dam The Nation 30 September 2011 Retrieved 31 July 2018 Benazir Bhutto was against Kalabagh Dam Sharjeel The Express Tribune The Express Tribune 21 November 2012 Retrieved 30 July 2018 Kalabagh Dam shelved forever Archived 3 November 2013 at the Wayback Machine Nation com pk 27 May 2008 Retrieved 6 June 2012 Leading News Resource of Pakistan Daily Times 10 August 2010 Retrieved 6 June 2012 Khan Muhammad Jamil S M Ali L Akhtar Kiran Javaid Muhammad 1 January 2014 Feasibility study of Kalabagh dam Pakistan Life Science Journal 11 458 470 Retrieved 22 June 2018 via ResearchGate Malik Bashir 10 October 2011 India behind Kalabagh Dam opposition water expert The News International Retrieved 11 July 2012 Mulk Shamsul 22 May 2012 Need for early construction of Kalabagh Dam stressed The News International Retrieved 11 July 2012 Need for Kalabagh Dam The Nation 19 January 2012 Archived from the original on 27 January 2012 Retrieved 11 July 2012 ANWER KHURSHID 1 July 2012 CCI approves Kalabagh Dam The Nation Retrieved 11 July 2012 Fact Urdu Kala Bagh Dam fact com pk Retrieved 22 June 2018 Experts for construction of dams The News International 5 April 2012 Retrieved 11 July 2012 Kalabagh Dam the Facts 20 January 2017 THE ISSUE OF KALABAGH DAM www pakistaneconomist com Archived from the original on 20 October 2018 Retrieved 22 June 2018 Report Bureau 16 October 2015 Jamaat declares Kalabagh dam very dangerous Retrieved 22 June 2018 KP Assembly likely to pass anti KBD resolution sans hiccups www pakistantoday com pk Retrieved 22 June 2018 Dead KBD horse cannot be given life says KP minister www pakistantoday com pk Retrieved 22 June 2018 Shaw Communications members shaw ca Retrieved 22 June 2018 Sindh Assembly rejects LHC s Kalabagh Dam ruling www pakistantoday com pk Retrieved 22 June 2018 Controversial topic All parties urged to agree on Kalabagh dam The Express Tribune 25 July 2015 Retrieved 22 June 2018 INP 14 October 2015 Kalabagh Dam a threat to small provinces says Khurshid Shah Pakistan Today Retrieved 29 March 2016 Khattak says Kalabagh Dam against KP interest Daily Times 18 December 2015 Retrieved 22 June 2018 Pukhtunkhwa s Case Against Kalabagh Dam Awami National Party awaminationalparty org Archived from the original on 25 December 2015 Retrieved 22 June 2018 https www sdpi org publications files W48 The 20Case 20Against 20Kalabagh 20Dam pdf bare URL PDF MQM s up for Kalabagh Dam Are you Pakistan Today 25 June 2015 Retrieved 29 March 2016 Archived copy Archived from the original on 9 April 2016 Retrieved 29 March 2016 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint archived copy as title link Construction of Kala Bagh Dam is the need of hour Altaf Hussain The News Tribe c Copyright 2016 All Rights Reserved 24 June 2015 Archived from the original on 9 April 2016 Retrieved 29 March 2016 http pu edu pk images journal csas PDF 1 V28 1 2013 pdf bare URL PDF Sikander Brohi December 2018 Indus Flow Downstream Kotri Barrage Need Or Wastage SZABIST Center for Information and Research Karachi Sindh Pakistan via ResearchGate Kalabagh Dam Look Before Your Leap 11 September 2018 Pakistan s Indus delta becoming no man s land 29 July 2019 External links editSheikhupura Chamber of Commerce The Behavior of some Beaurocracy sic Towards National Problems by Muzaffar Hameed June 2010 Dawn news Kalabagh the other view Published 16 December 2012 The KalaBagh Controversy by Dr Shaheen Rafi Khan Kalabagh Dam An ecological Disaster by Abrar Kazi Kalabagh Dam Mianwali News in Urdu Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Kalabagh Dam amp oldid 1172960784, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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