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Wikipedia

Joseph Kony

January 19, 2024

Joseph Rao Kony (born c. 1961) is a Ugandan militant who founded the Lord's Resistance Army (LRA), designated as a terrorist group by the United Nations Peacekeepers, the European Union, and various other governments.

Joseph Kony
Head of the Lord's Resistance Army
Assumed office
August 1987
Preceded byOffice established
Personal details
Born1961 (age 62–63)
Odek, Northern Region, Protectorate of Uganda
Children42 (as of 2006)[1]
ReligionChristianity
Military service
AllegianceLord's Resistance Army
Years of service1987–present
RankGeneral
Battles/warsLord's Resistance Army insurgency

An Acholi, Kony was born into a middle-class family. His father, Luizi Obol, and his mother, Nora Oting, were both farmers. Kony dropped out of school at a young age. In 1987, he formed the Lord's Resistance Army. Kony declared a military offensive in Uganda, aiming to overthrow Yoweri Museveni's Ugandan government and establish a theocratic state based on the dominion theology. After Kony's terror activities, he was banished from Uganda and shifted to South Sudan. Kony described himself as a freedom fighter, struggling for a Christian Uganda.

Kony has long been one of Africa's most notorious and most wanted militant warlords. He has been accused by government entities of ordering the abduction of children to become child soldiers and sex slaves. Approximately 66,000 children became soldiers, and 2 million people were displaced internally from 1986 to 2009 by his forces. Kony was indicted in 2005 for war crimes and crimes against humanity by the International Criminal Court (ICC) in The Hague, but he has evaded capture. He has been subject to an Interpol Red Notice at the ICC's request since 2006. Since the Juba peace talks in 2006, the Lord's Resistance Army no longer operates in Uganda. Sources claim that they are in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), the Central African Republic (CAR), or South Sudan. In 2013, Kony was reported to be in poor health, and Michel Djotodia, president of the CAR, claimed he was negotiating with Kony to surrender.

By April 2017, Kony was still at large, but his force was reported to have shrunk to approximately 100 soldiers, down from an estimated high of 3,000. Both the United States and Uganda ended the hunt for Kony and the LRA, believing that the LRA was no longer a significant security risk to Uganda. As of 2022, he is reported to be hiding in Darfur.

Early life and family edit

Kony was born in c. 1961 in Odek, a village east of Gulu in northern Uganda.[2][3][4][5][6] His father, Luizi Obol, was a farmer and lay catechist of the Catholic Church.[7] Kony's mother, Nora Oting, was an Anglican and also a farmer. His older sister, Gabriela Lakot, still lives in Odek.[8] He is a member of the Acholi people.[2][7][9] He was either the youngest or second-youngest of six children in the family.[10] Kony enjoyed a good relationship with his siblings, but was quick to retaliate in a dispute and when confronted would often resort to physical violence.[11]

Kony never finished elementary school.[10] He was an altar boy until 1976.[11] He dropped out of school at age 15.[2]

Kony married Selly and they gave birth to a son, Ali Ssalongo Kony.[12]

Militant career edit

Rebel leader edit

In 1995, Kony rose to prominence in Acholiland after the Holy Spirit Movement of Alice Auma (also known as Lakwena and to whom Kony is believed to be related).[2] The overthrow of Acholi President Tito Okello by Yoweri Museveni and his National Resistance Army (NRA) during the Ugandan Bush War (1981–1986) had culminated in mass looting of livestock, rape, burning of homes, genocide, and murder by Museveni's army.[13]

The acts committed by the Museveni's NRA, now known as the Uganda People's Defence Force, led to Kony's creation of the LRA. The insurgencies gave rise to concentration camps in northern Uganda where over 2 million people were confined. The government burned people's properties using helicopter gunships, killing many. There were forced displacements in the northern region. International campaigns called for all camps to be dismantled and for the people to return to their former villages.[14][15][16][17]

In 2006, in the Juba peace talks with the LRA rebels, Museveni's government gave permission for local people to return to their villages. This marked the beginning of the rehabilitation of homes, roads, and so on.[14][18][19]

Lord's Resistance Army edit

Further information: Lord's Resistance Army

Kony has been implicated in abduction and recruitment of child soldiers. The LRA has had battle confrontations with the government's NRA or UPDF within Uganda and in South Sudan for ten years. In 2008 the Ugandan army invaded the DRC in search for the LRA in Operation Lightning Thunder.[20] In November 2013, Kony was reported to be in poor health in the eastern CAR town of Nzoka.[21]

Looking back at the LRA's campaign of violence, The Guardian stated in 2015 that Kony's forces had been responsible for the deaths of over 100,000 and the abduction of at least 60,000 children. Various atrocities committed include raping young girls and abducting them for use as sex slaves.[22][23][24][25][26]

The actual number of LRA militia members has varied significantly over the years, reaching as high as 3000 soldiers. By 2017, the organization's membership had shrunk significantly to an estimated 100 soldiers. In April 2017, both the US and Ugandan governments ended efforts to find Kony and fight the LRA, stating that the LRA no longer posed a significant security risk to Uganda.[22][23]

While initially purporting to fight against government oppression, the LRA allegedly turned against Kony's own supporters, supposedly to "purify" the Acholi people and turn Uganda into a theocracy.[2][27][28][29][30] Kony proclaims himself the spokesperson of God and a spirit medium and claims he is visited by a multinational host of 13 spirits, including a Chinese phantom.[2] Ideologically, the group is a syncretic mix of mysticism, Acholi nationalism, and heterodox Christian fundamentalism, and claims to be establishing a theocratic state based on the Ten Commandments and local Acholi tradition.[42]

Indictment edit

Main article: International Criminal Court investigation in Uganda

In October 2006, the ICC announced that arrest warrants had been issued for five members of the Lord's Resistance Army for crimes against humanity following a sealed indictment. On the next day, Ugandan defense minister Amama Mbabazi revealed that the warrants include Kony, his deputy Vincent Otti, and LRA commanders Raska Lukwiya, Okot Odhiambo, and Dominic Ongwen. The Ugandan army killed Lukwiya on 12 August 2006.[43][22]

The BBC received information that Otti had been killed on 2 October 2007, at Kony's home.[44] In November 2006, Kony met Jan Egeland, the UN Under-Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs and Emergency Relief Coordinator.[45] Journeyman Pictures released a 2006 interview with Kony in which he proclaims: "I am a freedom fighter, not a terrorist."[46] He told Reuters: "We don't have any children. We only have combatants."[47]

Religious beliefs edit

Kony's followers, as well as some detractors, believe he is possessed by spirits. Kony tells his child soldiers that a cross on their chest drawn in oil will protect them from bullets.[11] He is a proponent of polygamy, and is thought to have had 60 wives,[3] and to have fathered 42 children.[1][7]: page 136  Kony insists that he and the LRA are fighting for the Ten Commandments,[48] and defended his actions in an interview, saying, "Is it bad? It is not against human rights. And that commandment was not given by Joseph. It was not given by LRA. No, those commandments were given by God."[49]

Ugandan political leader Betty Bigombe recalled that Kony and his followers used oil to ward off bullets and evil spirits.[50] Kony claims to be a spirit medium. In 2008, responding to a request by Ugandan President Yoweri Museveni to engage in peace talks via telephone, he said, "I will communicate with Museveni through the holy spirits and not through the telephone."[3][51]

During peace talks in 1994, Kony was preceded by men in robes sprinkling holy water.[3] According to Francis Ongom, a former LRA officer who defected, Kony "has found Bible justifications for killing witches, for killing [those who farm or eat] pigs because of the story of the Gadarene swine, and for killing [other] people because God did the same with Noah's flood and Sodom and Gomorrah."[52]

Action against Kony edit

Uganda edit

Before the insurgency, he escaped in 1989 to Uganda. He was later captured by the Ugandan government. He was released in 1992 after the government no longer viewed him as a threat.[53]

The Ugandan military has attempted to kill Kony throughout the insurgency. In Uganda's attempt to track down Kony, former LRA combatants have been enlisted to search remote areas of the CAR, Sudan, and the DRC where he was last seen.[54]

United States edit

After the September 11 attacks, the United States designated the LRA a terrorist group.[55] In August 2008, the US Department of State declared Kony a Specially Designated Global Terrorist pursuant to Executive Order 13224, a designation that carries financial and other penalties.[56] In November 2008, U.S. President George W. Bush signed the directive to the United States Africa Command to provide financial and logistical assistance to the Ugandan government during the unsuccessful 2008–2009 Garamba offensive, code-named Operation Lightning Thunder.[57]

No U.S. troops were directly involved. 17 U.S. advisers and analysts provided intelligence, equipment, and fuel to Ugandan military counterparts. The offensive pushed Kony from his jungle camp, but he was not captured. One hundred children were rescued.[58]

In May 2010, U.S. President Barack Obama signed into law the Lord's Resistance Army Disarmament and Northern Uganda Recovery Act,[59] legislation aimed at stopping Kony and the LRA. The bill passed unanimously in the United States Senate on 11 March. On 12 May 2010, a motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill was agreed to by voice vote (two-thirds being in the affirmative) in the House of Representatives.[60] In November 2010, Obama delivered a strategy document to Congress asking for more funding to disarm Kony and the LRA.[61]

In October 2011, Obama authorized the deployment of approximately 100 combat-equipped U.S. troops to central Africa.[62] Their goal is to help regional forces remove Kony and senior LRA leaders from the battlefield. In a letter to Congress, Obama wrote: "Although the U.S. forces are combat-equipped, they will only be providing information, advice, and assistance to partner nation forces, and they will not themselves engage LRA forces unless necessary for self-defense".[63][64] On 3 April 2013, the Obama administration offered rewards of up to US$5 million for information leading to the arrest, transfer, or conviction of Kony, Ongwen, and Odhiambo.[65][66][67][68] On 24 March 2014, the U.S. announced it would deploy at least four CV-22 Ospreys and refuelling planes, and 150 Air Force special forces personnel to assist in the capture of Kony.[69]

African Union edit

On 23 March 2012, the African Union announced its intentions to "send 5,000 soldiers to join the hunt for rebel leader Joseph Kony" and to "neutralize" him while isolating the scattered LRA groups responsible for 2,600 civilian killings since 2008. This international task force was said to include soldiers "from Uganda, South Sudan, Central African Republic and Congo, countries where Kony's reign of terror has been felt over the years." Before this announcement, the hunt for Kony had primarily been carried out by troops from Uganda. The soldiers began their search in South Sudan on 24 March 2012, and the search "will last until Kony is caught".[70]

Kony 2012 edit

Main article: Kony 2012

Kony and the LRA received a surge of attention in early March 2012, when a 30-minute documentary, Kony 2012, by US filmmaker Jason Russell for the campaign group Invisible Children, Inc. was released.[71] The intention of the production was to draw attention to Kony in an effort to increase US involvement in the issue and have Kony arrested by the end of 2012.[72]

A poll suggested that more than half of young adult Americans heard about Kony 2012 in the days following its release. Several weeks after its release, a resolution condemning Kony and supporting US assistance fighting the LRA was introduced in the US Senate, passing several months later.[73][74][75][76] Kony 2012 has been criticized for simplifying the history of the LRA conflict, and for failing to note that Kony was already pushed out of Uganda six years before the film was made.[77][78]

Surrender of Ongwen edit

Dominic Ongwen served as a key member of the LRA and constituted one of Kony's senior aides in the organization. Kidnapped as a child, he became a soldier in the LRA, then rose through the organization's hierarchy. Ongwen surrendered himself to representatives of the CAR in January 2015, which was a major blow to Kony's group. Ugandan army spokesman Paddy Ankunda stated that the event "puts the LRA in the most vulnerable position" and that it "is only Kony left standing".[23]

Of the five LRA commanders charged by the ICC in 2004, only Kony remained at large at that time. With only a few hundred fighters remaining loyal to him, it was mistakenly thought that he would be unable to evade capture much longer.[23] In February 2021, Ongwen was convicted by the International Criminal Court of 61 counts of crimes against humanity and war crimes.[79]

LRA neutralization and U.S. stand-down edit

In April 2017, Ugandan and US military forces ended their hunt for Kony and his group, with a Ugandan spokesperson saying, "the LRA no longer poses a threat to us as Uganda".[22] At that time, his force was estimated to have shrunk to around 100 soldiers.[22]

Current whereabouts edit

In April 2022, DW News reported that a number of LRA members said Kony was hiding in the Darfur region of Sudan. From there, he was allegedly giving orders to his fighters. One former member said that the fighters were "tired and unmotivated", and leaving in favor of living a normal life.[80] Kony was previously provided with armed and logistical support from former Sudanese president Omar al-Bashir.[81]

See also edit

References edit

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Bibliography edit

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Joseph Kony.
  • Hague Justice Portal: Joseph Kony 19 December 2011 at the Wayback Machine
  • Kevin – Documentary on LRA's aftermath in Northern Uganda 11 October 2020 at the Wayback Machine

January 19, 2024
joseph, kony, joseph, kony, born, 1961, ugandan, militant, founded, lord, resistance, army, designated, terrorist, group, united, nations, peacekeepers, european, union, various, other, governments, head, lord, resistance, armyincumbentassumed, office, august,. Joseph Rao Kony born c 1961 is a Ugandan militant who founded the Lord s Resistance Army LRA designated as a terrorist group by the United Nations Peacekeepers the European Union and various other governments Joseph KonyHead of the Lord s Resistance ArmyIncumbentAssumed office August 1987Preceded byOffice establishedPersonal detailsBorn1961 age 62 63 Odek Northern Region Protectorate of UgandaChildren42 as of 2006 1 ReligionChristianityMilitary serviceAllegianceLord s Resistance ArmyYears of service1987 presentRankGeneralBattles warsLord s Resistance Army insurgencyAn Acholi Kony was born into a middle class family His father Luizi Obol and his mother Nora Oting were both farmers Kony dropped out of school at a young age In 1987 he formed the Lord s Resistance Army Kony declared a military offensive in Uganda aiming to overthrow Yoweri Museveni s Ugandan government and establish a theocratic state based on the dominion theology After Kony s terror activities he was banished from Uganda and shifted to South Sudan Kony described himself as a freedom fighter struggling for a Christian Uganda Kony has long been one of Africa s most notorious and most wanted militant warlords He has been accused by government entities of ordering the abduction of children to become child soldiers and sex slaves Approximately 66 000 children became soldiers and 2 million people were displaced internally from 1986 to 2009 by his forces Kony was indicted in 2005 for war crimes and crimes against humanity by the International Criminal Court ICC in The Hague but he has evaded capture He has been subject to an Interpol Red Notice at the ICC s request since 2006 Since the Juba peace talks in 2006 the Lord s Resistance Army no longer operates in Uganda Sources claim that they are in the Democratic Republic of the Congo DRC the Central African Republic CAR or South Sudan In 2013 Kony was reported to be in poor health and Michel Djotodia president of the CAR claimed he was negotiating with Kony to surrender By April 2017 update Kony was still at large but his force was reported to have shrunk to approximately 100 soldiers down from an estimated high of 3 000 Both the United States and Uganda ended the hunt for Kony and the LRA believing that the LRA was no longer a significant security risk to Uganda As of 2022 he is reported to be hiding in Darfur Contents 1 Early life and family 2 Militant career 2 1 Rebel leader 2 2 Lord s Resistance Army 2 3 Indictment 3 Religious beliefs 4 Action against Kony 4 1 Uganda 4 2 United States 4 3 African Union 4 4 Kony 2012 4 5 Surrender of Ongwen 4 6 LRA neutralization and U S stand down 4 7 Current whereabouts 5 See also 6 References 7 Bibliography 8 External linksEarly life and family editKony was born in c 1961 in Odek a village east of Gulu in northern Uganda 2 3 4 5 6 His father Luizi Obol was a farmer and lay catechist of the Catholic Church 7 Kony s mother Nora Oting was an Anglican and also a farmer His older sister Gabriela Lakot still lives in Odek 8 He is a member of the Acholi people 2 7 9 He was either the youngest or second youngest of six children in the family 10 Kony enjoyed a good relationship with his siblings but was quick to retaliate in a dispute and when confronted would often resort to physical violence 11 Kony never finished elementary school 10 He was an altar boy until 1976 11 He dropped out of school at age 15 2 Kony married Selly and they gave birth to a son Ali Ssalongo Kony 12 Militant career editRebel leader edit In 1995 Kony rose to prominence in Acholiland after the Holy Spirit Movement of Alice Auma also known as Lakwena and to whom Kony is believed to be related 2 The overthrow of Acholi President Tito Okello by Yoweri Museveni and his National Resistance Army NRA during the Ugandan Bush War 1981 1986 had culminated in mass looting of livestock rape burning of homes genocide and murder by Museveni s army 13 The acts committed by the Museveni s NRA now known as the Uganda People s Defence Force led to Kony s creation of the LRA The insurgencies gave rise to concentration camps in northern Uganda where over 2 million people were confined The government burned people s properties using helicopter gunships killing many There were forced displacements in the northern region International campaigns called for all camps to be dismantled and for the people to return to their former villages 14 15 16 17 In 2006 in the Juba peace talks with the LRA rebels Museveni s government gave permission for local people to return to their villages This marked the beginning of the rehabilitation of homes roads and so on 14 18 19 Lord s Resistance Army edit Further information Lord s Resistance Army Kony has been implicated in abduction and recruitment of child soldiers The LRA has had battle confrontations with the government s NRA or UPDF within Uganda and in South Sudan for ten years In 2008 the Ugandan army invaded the DRC in search for the LRA in Operation Lightning Thunder 20 In November 2013 Kony was reported to be in poor health in the eastern CAR town of Nzoka 21 Looking back at the LRA s campaign of violence The Guardian stated in 2015 that Kony s forces had been responsible for the deaths of over 100 000 and the abduction of at least 60 000 children Various atrocities committed include raping young girls and abducting them for use as sex slaves 22 23 24 25 26 The actual number of LRA militia members has varied significantly over the years reaching as high as 3000 soldiers By 2017 the organization s membership had shrunk significantly to an estimated 100 soldiers In April 2017 both the US and Ugandan governments ended efforts to find Kony and fight the LRA stating that the LRA no longer posed a significant security risk to Uganda 22 23 While initially purporting to fight against government oppression the LRA allegedly turned against Kony s own supporters supposedly to purify the Acholi people and turn Uganda into a theocracy 2 27 28 29 30 Kony proclaims himself the spokesperson of God and a spirit medium and claims he is visited by a multinational host of 13 spirits including a Chinese phantom 2 Ideologically the group is a syncretic mix of mysticism Acholi nationalism and heterodox Christian fundamentalism and claims to be establishing a theocratic state based on the Ten Commandments and local Acholi tradition 42 Indictment edit Main article International Criminal Court investigation in Uganda In October 2006 the ICC announced that arrest warrants had been issued for five members of the Lord s Resistance Army for crimes against humanity following a sealed indictment On the next day Ugandan defense minister Amama Mbabazi revealed that the warrants include Kony his deputy Vincent Otti and LRA commanders Raska Lukwiya Okot Odhiambo and Dominic Ongwen The Ugandan army killed Lukwiya on 12 August 2006 43 22 The BBC received information that Otti had been killed on 2 October 2007 at Kony s home 44 In November 2006 Kony met Jan Egeland the UN Under Secretary General for Humanitarian Affairs and Emergency Relief Coordinator 45 Journeyman Pictures released a 2006 interview with Kony in which he proclaims I am a freedom fighter not a terrorist 46 He told Reuters We don t have any children We only have combatants 47 Religious beliefs editKony s followers as well as some detractors believe he is possessed by spirits Kony tells his child soldiers that a cross on their chest drawn in oil will protect them from bullets 11 He is a proponent of polygamy and is thought to have had 60 wives 3 and to have fathered 42 children 1 7 page 136 Kony insists that he and the LRA are fighting for the Ten Commandments 48 and defended his actions in an interview saying Is it bad It is not against human rights And that commandment was not given by Joseph It was not given by LRA No those commandments were given by God 49 Ugandan political leader Betty Bigombe recalled that Kony and his followers used oil to ward off bullets and evil spirits 50 Kony claims to be a spirit medium In 2008 responding to a request by Ugandan President Yoweri Museveni to engage in peace talks via telephone he said I will communicate with Museveni through the holy spirits and not through the telephone 3 51 During peace talks in 1994 Kony was preceded by men in robes sprinkling holy water 3 According to Francis Ongom a former LRA officer who defected Kony has found Bible justifications for killing witches for killing those who farm or eat pigs because of the story of the Gadarene swine and for killing other people because God did the same with Noah s flood and Sodom and Gomorrah 52 Action against Kony editUganda edit Before the insurgency he escaped in 1989 to Uganda He was later captured by the Ugandan government He was released in 1992 after the government no longer viewed him as a threat 53 The Ugandan military has attempted to kill Kony throughout the insurgency In Uganda s attempt to track down Kony former LRA combatants have been enlisted to search remote areas of the CAR Sudan and the DRC where he was last seen 54 United States edit After the September 11 attacks the United States designated the LRA a terrorist group 55 In August 2008 the US Department of State declared Kony a Specially Designated Global Terrorist pursuant to Executive Order 13224 a designation that carries financial and other penalties 56 In November 2008 U S President George W Bush signed the directive to the United States Africa Command to provide financial and logistical assistance to the Ugandan government during the unsuccessful 2008 2009 Garamba offensive code named Operation Lightning Thunder 57 No U S troops were directly involved 17 U S advisers and analysts provided intelligence equipment and fuel to Ugandan military counterparts The offensive pushed Kony from his jungle camp but he was not captured One hundred children were rescued 58 In May 2010 U S President Barack Obama signed into law the Lord s Resistance Army Disarmament and Northern Uganda Recovery Act 59 legislation aimed at stopping Kony and the LRA The bill passed unanimously in the United States Senate on 11 March On 12 May 2010 a motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill was agreed to by voice vote two thirds being in the affirmative in the House of Representatives 60 In November 2010 Obama delivered a strategy document to Congress asking for more funding to disarm Kony and the LRA 61 In October 2011 Obama authorized the deployment of approximately 100 combat equipped U S troops to central Africa 62 Their goal is to help regional forces remove Kony and senior LRA leaders from the battlefield In a letter to Congress Obama wrote Although the U S forces are combat equipped they will only be providing information advice and assistance to partner nation forces and they will not themselves engage LRA forces unless necessary for self defense 63 64 On 3 April 2013 the Obama administration offered rewards of up to US 5 million for information leading to the arrest transfer or conviction of Kony Ongwen and Odhiambo 65 66 67 68 On 24 March 2014 the U S announced it would deploy at least four CV 22 Ospreys and refuelling planes and 150 Air Force special forces personnel to assist in the capture of Kony 69 African Union edit On 23 March 2012 the African Union announced its intentions to send 5 000 soldiers to join the hunt for rebel leader Joseph Kony and to neutralize him while isolating the scattered LRA groups responsible for 2 600 civilian killings since 2008 This international task force was said to include soldiers from Uganda South Sudan Central African Republic and Congo countries where Kony s reign of terror has been felt over the years Before this announcement the hunt for Kony had primarily been carried out by troops from Uganda The soldiers began their search in South Sudan on 24 March 2012 and the search will last until Kony is caught 70 Kony 2012 edit Main article Kony 2012 Kony and the LRA received a surge of attention in early March 2012 when a 30 minute documentary Kony 2012 by US filmmaker Jason Russell for the campaign group Invisible Children Inc was released 71 The intention of the production was to draw attention to Kony in an effort to increase US involvement in the issue and have Kony arrested by the end of 2012 72 A poll suggested that more than half of young adult Americans heard about Kony 2012 in the days following its release Several weeks after its release a resolution condemning Kony and supporting US assistance fighting the LRA was introduced in the US Senate passing several months later 73 74 75 76 Kony 2012 has been criticized for simplifying the history of the LRA conflict and for failing to note that Kony was already pushed out of Uganda six years before the film was made 77 78 Surrender of Ongwen edit Dominic Ongwen served as a key member of the LRA and constituted one of Kony s senior aides in the organization Kidnapped as a child he became a soldier in the LRA then rose through the organization s hierarchy Ongwen surrendered himself to representatives of the CAR in January 2015 which was a major blow to Kony s group Ugandan army spokesman Paddy Ankunda stated that the event puts the LRA in the most vulnerable position and that it is only Kony left standing 23 Of the five LRA commanders charged by the ICC in 2004 only Kony remained at large at that time With only a few hundred fighters remaining loyal to him it was mistakenly thought that he would be unable to evade capture much longer 23 In February 2021 Ongwen was convicted by the International Criminal Court of 61 counts of crimes against humanity and war crimes 79 LRA neutralization and U S stand down edit In April 2017 Ugandan and US military forces ended their hunt for Kony and his group with a Ugandan spokesperson saying the LRA no longer poses a threat to us as Uganda 22 At that time his force was estimated to have shrunk to around 100 soldiers 22 Current whereabouts edit In April 2022 DW News reported that a number of LRA members said Kony was hiding in the Darfur region of Sudan From there he was allegedly giving orders to his fighters One former member said that the fighters were tired and unmotivated and leaving in favor of living a normal life 80 Kony was previously provided with armed and logistical support from former Sudanese president Omar al Bashir 81 See also edit nbsp Uganda portal nbsp Biography portalInternational Criminal Court investigations Lord s Resistance Army insurgency List of fugitives from justice who disappeared Child soldiers in the Democratic Republic of the CongoReferences edit a b Debut Beatrice 10 February 2006 Portrait of Uganda s rebel prophet painted by wives Mail amp Guardian Archived from the original on 7 March 2012 Retrieved 7 March 2012 a b c d e f Howden Daniel 8 November 2008 The deadly cult of Joseph Kony The Independent Archived from the original on 10 March 2012 Retrieved 7 March 2012 a b c d Joseph Kony Profile of the LRA leader BBC News 8 March 2012 Archived from the original on 4 February 2018 Retrieved 2 February 2018 Craine Anthony Joseph Kony Encyclopaedia Britannica Archived from the original on 14 June 2012 Retrieved 30 July 2017 How a Ugandan rebel leader ended up at the ICC Deutsche Welle Retrieved 15 September 2021 Halliday Josh 8 March 2012 Kony 2012 documentary on Ugandan warlord is unlikely viral phenomenon The Guardian Retrieved 8 November 2022 a b c Green Matthew 2008 The Wizard of the Nile The Hunt for Africa s Most Wanted Portobello Books p 215 ISBN 978 1 84627 031 4 Samura Sorious 20 August 2012 Joseph Kony s sister tells of family s curse Panorama BBC Archived from the original on 20 August 2012 Retrieved 20 August 2012 Fischer Hilke Wanjohi Coletta 17 December 2014 The Lord s Resistance Army Deutsche Welle Retrieved 12 September 2021 a b Cline 2013 p 12 a b c Briggs Jimmie 2005 Innocents Lost When child soldiers go to war Basic Books pp 105 144 ISBN 0 465 00798 8 How Kony family walked into Gen Museveni s care Monitor 21 September 2023 Retrieved 22 September 2023 What is the present government attitude and treatment of members of Acholi tribe refworld United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees Archived from the original on 9 June 2013 Retrieved 16 April 2013 a b Uganda International Displacement Monitoring Centre Archived from the original on 19 April 2013 Retrieved 17 April 2013 Ruddy Doom and Koen Vlassenroot 1999 Kony s message A new Koine The Lord s Resistance Army in northern Uganda African Affairs 98 390 5 36 doi 10 1093 oxfordjournals afraf a008002 S2CID 111914560 Interview with Vincent Otti LRA second in command Archived 29 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine and A leadership based on claims of divine revelations Archived 29 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine in IRIN In Depth June 2007 Joseph Kony is hiding out on Sudan border report claims The Guardian France Presse 6 November 2014 Retrieved 11 September 2021 Four African nations crack down on LRA BBC News 16 October 2010 Archived from the original on 20 March 2012 Retrieved 11 February 2012 Ugandan army kills senior rebel BBC News 13 August 2006 Archived from the original on 28 July 2013 Retrieved 7 March 2012 Zibwa Mutai 2 March 2012 UPDF in Kony hunt accused of rape looting The Observer Archived from the original on 13 December 2013 Retrieved 17 April 2013 Joseph Kony US doubts LRA rebel leader s surrender BBC News 21 November 2013 Archived from the original on 21 November 2018 Retrieved 27 May 2018 a b c d e Baddorf Zack 20 April 2017 Uganda Ends Its Hunt for Joseph Kony Empty Handed The New York Times Archived from the original on 7 January 2018 Retrieved 21 April 2017 a b c d Smith David 7 January 2015 Surrender of senior aide to Joseph Kony is major blow to Lord s Resistance Army The Guardian Archived from the original on 29 March 2016 Retrieved 24 March 2016 Mark Monica 21 November 2013 Ugandan warlord Joseph Kony in talks with Central African Republic The Guardian Archived from the 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in numbers The Guardian Archived from the original on 3 December 2013 Retrieved 20 April 2012 Curtis Polly McCarthy Tom 20 April 2012 Kony 2012 what happens next The Guardian Archived from the original on 16 October 2013 Retrieved 22 April 2012 Cox Ramsey 3 August 2012 Senate passes resolution condemning Joseph Kony TheHill Archived from the original on 3 February 2018 Retrieved 2 February 2018 Pflanz Mike 8 March 2012 Joseph Kony 2012 growing outrage in Uganda over film The Daily Telegraph ISSN 0307 1235 Archived from the original on 27 May 2018 Retrieved 2 February 2018 Curtis Polly MacCarthy Tom 8 March 2014 Kony 2012 What s the story The Guardian Archived from the original on 5 January 2017 Retrieved 11 December 2016 Dominic Ongwen declared guilty of war crimes and crimes against humanity committed in Uganda International Criminal Court 4 February 2021 Retrieved 5 February 2021 Is Joseph Kony hiding in Darfur DW 04 14 2022 dw com Retrieved 15 March 2023 Uganda Joseph Kony the one that got away The Africa Report com 4 January 2023 Retrieved 15 March 2023 Bibliography editBriggs Jimmie 2005 The Innocents Lost When Child Soldiers Go to War Basic Books ISBN 0 465 00798 8 Bussman Jane 2009 The Worst Date Ever War Crimes Hollywood Heart Throbs and Other Abominations Macmillan ISBN 978 0 230 73712 9 Cline Lawrence E 2013 The Lord s Resistance Army ABC CLIO ISBN 978 1 440 82855 3 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Joseph Kony Hague Justice Portal Joseph Kony Archived 19 December 2011 at the Wayback Machine Joseph Kony on Interpol s wanted list Kevin Documentary on LRA s aftermath in Northern Uganda Archived 11 October 2020 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Joseph Kony amp oldid 1194368228, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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