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Joint Chiefs of Staff

The Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS) is the body of the most senior uniformed leaders within the United States Department of Defense, which advises the president of the United States, the secretary of defense, the Homeland Security Council and the National Security Council on military matters. The composition of the Joint Chiefs of Staff is defined by statute and consists of a chairman (CJCS), a vice chairman (VJCS), the chiefs of the Army, Marine Corps, Navy, Air Force, Space Force, and the chief of the National Guard Bureau.[1][2] Each of the individual service chiefs, outside their JCS obligations, works directly under the secretaries of their respective military departments, e.g. the secretary of the Army, the secretary of the Navy, and the secretary of the Air Force.[3][4][5][6]

Joint Chiefs of Staff
JCS
Joint Chiefs of Staff Identification Badge
RoleAdvisory board providing professional military advice to the secretary of defense and the president
Established in practice1942
Constituting instrumentNational Security Act of 1947
currently codified at
10 U.S.C. § 151
Predecessor entitiesJoint Board
(1903–1942)
Members
Chairman Gen Charles Q. Brown Jr., USAF
Vice Chairman ADM Christopher W. Grady, USN
Number of membersEight
Administration
Parent agencyU.S. Department of Defense
Staff organizationThe Joint Staff (for the chairman and the vice chairman; the service chiefs and the National Guard Bureau chief have their own staffs assisting them)
SeatThe Pentagon

Following the Goldwater–Nichols Act in 1986, the Joint Chiefs of Staff do not have operational command authority, either individually or collectively, as the chain of command goes from the president to the secretary of defense, and from the secretary to the regional combatant commanders.[7] Goldwater–Nichols also created the office of vice chairman, and the chairman is now designated as the principal military adviser to the secretary of defense, the Homeland Security Council, the National Security Council and the president.[8]

The Joint Staff (JS) is a headquarters staff in the Pentagon, composed of personnel from each of the six service branches, that assists the chairman and the vice chairman in discharging their responsibilities and is managed by the director of the Joint Staff (DJS).[9]

Role and responsibilities edit

 
The Joint Chiefs of Staff in March 2022.

After the 1986 reorganization of the Armed Forces undertaken by the Goldwater–Nichols Act, the Joint Chiefs of Staff does not possess operational authority over troops or other units. Responsibility for conducting military operations goes from the president to the secretary of defense directly to the commanders of the unified combatant commands and thus bypasses the Joint Chiefs of Staff completely.

Today, their primary responsibility is to ensure personnel readiness, policy, planning and training of their respective services for the combatant commanders to utilize. In addition, the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff acts as the chief military advisor to the president and the secretary of defense. In this strictly advisory role, the Joint Chiefs constitute the third-highest deliberative body for military policy, after the National Security Council and the Homeland Security Council, which includes the president and other officials besides the chairman of the Joint Chiefs.

While serving as the chairman or vice chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, chief of staff of the Army, commandant of the Marine Corps, Chief of Naval Operations, chief of staff of the Air Force, or commandant of the Coast Guard, the salary is $15,583.20 a month,[10] regardless of cumulative years of service completed under section 205 of title 37, United States Code.

Current members of the Joint Chiefs of Staff edit

Position Photograph Name Service Serving since Nominated by Flag
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
 
General
Charles Q. Brown Jr.
  United States Air Force 1 October 2023 Joseph R. Biden  
Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
 
Admiral
Christopher W. Grady
  United States Navy 20 December 2021 Joseph R. Biden  
Chief of Staff of the Army
 
General
Randy A. George
  United States Army 21 September 2023 Joseph R. Biden  
Commandant of the Marine Corps
 
General
Eric M. Smith
  United States Marine Corps 22 September 2023 Joseph R. Biden  
Chief of Naval Operations
 
Admiral
Lisa M. Franchetti
  United States Navy 2 November 2023 Joseph R. Biden  
Chief of Staff of the Air Force
 
General
David W. Allvin
  United States Air Force 2 November 2023 Joseph R. Biden  
Chief of Space Operations
 
General
B. Chance Saltzman
  United States Space Force 2 November 2022 Joseph R. Biden  
Chief of the National Guard Bureau
 
General
Daniel R. Hokanson
  United States Army 3 August 2020 Donald J. Trump  

Non-member attendee edit

Position Photograph Name Service Serving since Nominated by Flag
Commandant of the Coast Guard
 
Admiral
Linda L. Fagan
  United States Coast Guard 1 June 2022 Joseph R. Biden  

Although it is a branch of the Armed Forces pursuant to 14 U.S.C. § 101, the Coast Guard operates under the Department of Homeland Security rather than the Department of Defense, except when the president (e.g., in times of war or national emergency) transfers it to the Department of the Navy.[11] The commandant of the Coast Guard is not a de jure member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff but is sometimes regarded as a de facto member, being entitled to the same supplemental pay as the Joint Chiefs,[12] and occasionally will attend meetings of the JCS by invitation.[13] Unlike the Joint Chiefs, who are not actually in the military's operational chain of command, the commandant is both the administrative and the operational commander of the Coast Guard.

History edit

Joint Board edit

 
United States Secretary of Defense Harold Brown and United States Deputy Secretary of Defense Charles W. Duncan Jr with Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff General George S. Brown and the other members of the Joint Chiefs of Staff at the Pentagon in 1977

As the U.S. military grew in size following the American Civil War, joint military action between the Army and Navy became increasingly difficult. The Army and Navy were unsupportive of each other at either the planning or operational level and were constrained by disagreements during the Spanish–American War in the Caribbean campaigns.[14][15] The Joint Army and Navy Board was established in 1903 by President Theodore Roosevelt, comprising representatives from the military heads and chief planners of both the Navy's General Board and the Army's General Staff. The Joint Board acting as an "advisory committee" was created to plan joint operations and resolve problems of common rivalry between the two services.[14][15]

Yet the Joint Board accomplished little since its charter gave it no authority to enforce its decisions. The Joint Board also lacked the ability to originate its own opinions and was thus limited to commenting only on the problems submitted to it by the secretaries of war and Navy. As a result, the Joint Board had little to no impact on the manner in which the United States conducted World War I.

After World War I, the two secretaries agreed in 1919 to reestablish and revitalize the Joint Board. The mission of the General Staff was to develop plans for mobilization for the next war. In these, the U.S. was always designated "blue" and potential enemies were assigned various other colors.[16]

Now, the Joint Board's membership was to include the chiefs of staff, their deputies, and the chief of war plans division for the Army and the director of plans division for the Navy. Under the Joint Board was to be a staff called the Joint Planning Committee to serve the board. Along with new membership, the Joint Board could initiate recommendations on its own initiative. However, the Joint Board still did not possess the legal authority to enforce its decisions.

World War II edit

 
Joint Chiefs of Staff meeting (circa 1943). From left to right are: Gen. Henry H. Arnold, Chief of the Army Air Forces; Adm. William D. Leahy, Chief of Staff to the Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy; Adm. Ernest J. King, Commander in Chief, U.S. Fleet and Chief of Naval Operations; and Gen. George C. Marshall, Chief of Staff of the United States Army.

U.S. president Franklin D. Roosevelt and British prime minister Winston Churchill established the Combined Chiefs of Staff (CCS) during the 1942 Arcadia Conference.[17] The CCS would serve as the supreme military body for strategic direction of the joint U.S.–UK war effort.

The UK portion of the CCS would be composed of the British Chiefs of Staff Committee, but the United States had no equivalent body. The Joint Board's lack of authority made it of little use to the CCS, although its 1935 publication, Joint Action of the Army and Navy, did give some guidance for the joint operations during World War II. The Joint Board had little influence during the war and was ultimately disbanded in 1947.

As a counterpart to the UK's Chiefs of Staff Committee in the CCS, and to provide better-coordinated effort and coordinated staff work for America's military effort, Admiral William D. Leahy proposed a "unified high command" in what would come to be called the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Modeled on the British Chiefs of Staff Committee, the JCS' first formal meeting was held on 9 February 1942, to coordinate operations between War and Navy Departments.[17][18] The official history of the Army Air Forces noted that although there was "no official charter establishing this committee...by the end of February it had assumed responsibilities toward the American war effort comparable to the CCS on the combined level."[19] On 20 July 1942, Admiral Leahy became the "Chief of Staff to the Commander in Chief", with all individual service chiefs operating under his authority.

The first members of the Joint Chiefs of Staff were:[20]

 
The Joint Chiefs of Staff in 1959. From left to right: Gen. Lyman L. Lemnitzer, USA; Adm. Arleigh A. Burke, USN; Gen. Nathan F. Twining, USAF (chairman); Gen. Thomas Dresser White, USAF; and Gen. Randolph M. Pate, USMC
 
The Joint Chiefs of Staff in an annual meeting with the commanders of unified and specified command in the JCS meeting room, also known as "The Tank" on 15 January 1981.

Each of the members of the original Joint Chiefs was a four-star flag or general officer in his service branch. By the end of the war each had been promoted: Leahy and King to fleet admiral; Marshall and Arnold to general of the Army. Arnold was later appointed to the grade of general of the Air Force.

One of the Joint Chiefs of Staff's committees was the Joint Strategic Survey Committee (JSSC). The JSSC, "one of the most influential planning agencies in the wartime armed forces", was an extraordinary JCS committee that existed from 1942 until 1947.[21] Members included Lieutenant General Stanley D. Embick, U.S. Army, chairman, 1942–1946, Vice Admiral Russell Willson, U.S. Navy, 1942–1945, Vice Admiral Theodore Stark Wilkinson, U.S. Navy, 1946, and Major General Muir S. Fairchild, U.S. Army Air Force, 1942–?.

National Security Act of 1947 edit

With the end of World War II, the Joint Chiefs of Staff was officially established under the National Security Act of 1947. Per the National Security Act, the JCS consisted of a chairman, the chief of staff of the Army, the chief of staff of the Air Force (which was established as a separate service by the same Act), and the chief of naval operations. The commandant of the Marine Corps was to be consulted on matters concerning the Corps, but was not a regular member; General Lemuel C. Shepherd, Jr., Commandant in 1952–55, was the first to sit as an occasional member. The law was amended during the term of General Louis H. Wilson, Jr. (1975–79), making the commandant a full-time JCS member in parity with the other three DoD services.

The position of vice chairman was created by the Goldwater–Nichols Act of 1986 to complement the CJCS, as well as to delegate some of the chairman's responsibilities, particularly resource allocation through the Joint Requirements Oversight Council (JROC).

General Colin L. Powell (Chairman, 1989–1993) was the first African American to serve on the Joint Chiefs of Staff when he became the 12th Chairman of the JCS in 1989. General Charles Q. Brown Jr. was the first African American appointed to lead a service branch when he became the Chief of Staff of the Air Force in 2020. On May 25, 2023, President Joe Biden nominated General Brown to become the 21st Chairman of the JCS. General Brown was subsequently confirmed and took up the post of chairman on October 1, 2023. General Richard B. Myers (Chairman, 2001–2005) was the first vice chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff to serve as chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. General Peter Pace (Vice Chairman 2001–2005; Chairman, 2005–2007) was the first Marine to serve in either position. Admiral Lisa Franchetti became the first woman to serve on the JCS when she took over as Chief of Naval Operations on November 2, 2023.

National Defense Authorization Act of 2012 edit

A provision in the 2012 National Defense Authorization Act added the Chief of the National Guard Bureau to the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Guard historians called it the "most significant development" for the National Guard since the Militia Act of 1903.[1]

National Defense Authorization Act of 2020 edit

The 2020 National Defense Authorization Act established the U.S. Space Force on 20 December 2019. The Space Force is headed by the chief of space operations, who reports directly to the secretary of the Air Force. Pursuant to 10 U.S.C. § 9082, the chief of space operations became a statutory member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff on 20 December 2020.[22]

Organization and leadership positions edit

Chairman edit

 
The Joint Chiefs of Staff in 2001

The chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff is, by law, the highest-ranking military officer of the United States Armed Forces,[23] and the principal military adviser to the president of the United States. He leads the meetings and coordinates the efforts of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, comprising the chairman, the vice chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, the chief of staff of the United States Army, the commandant of the United States Marine Corps, the chief of naval operations, the chief of staff of the United States Air Force, the Chief of Space Operations (statutory member after December 2020), and the chief of the National Guard Bureau. The Joint Chiefs of Staff have offices in the Pentagon. The chairman outranks all service chiefs,[24] but does not maintain authority over them, their branches or the Unified Combatant Commands.[24] All combatant commanders receive their orders directly from the secretary of defense.[25]

On 20 July 1942, Fleet Admiral William D. Leahy became Chief of Staff to the Commander in Chief (20 July 1942 – 21 March 1949). He was not technically the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Leahy's office was the precursor to the post of "Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff". That post was established and first held by General of the Army Omar Bradley in 1949.

The current and 21st chairman is General Charles Q. Brown Jr., who began his tenure on 29 September 2023.

Vice Chairman edit

The position of Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff was created by the Goldwater–Nichols Act of 1986. The vice chairman is a four-star-general or admiral and, by law, is the second highest-ranking member of the U.S. Armed Forces (after the chairman). In the absence of the chairman, the vice chairman presides over the meetings of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. He may also perform such duties as the chairman may prescribe. It was not until the National Defense Authorization Act in 1992 that the position was made a full voting member of the JCS.[26]

The current vice chairman is Admiral Christopher W. Grady, who began his tenure on 20 December 2021.

Senior Enlisted Advisor to the Chairman edit

The senior enlisted advisor to the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (SEAC) advises on all matters concerning joint and combined total force integration, utilization, development, and helps develop noncommissioned officers related joint professional education, enhance utilization of senior NCOs on joint battle staffs, and support the chairman's responsibilities as directed.

Command Sergeant Major William Gainey, was the first SEAC, serving from 1 October 2005. The current SEAC is Troy E. Black, who was sworn in by General Charles Q. Brown Jr., chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, on 3 November 2023, replacing SEAC Ramón Colón-López.

Joint Staff edit

Joint Staff
 
Agency overview
Formed1949
HeadquartersThe Pentagon
EmployeesApprox. 1,500
Agency executive
Parent agencyDepartment of Defense
 
The Joint Staff Organization Chart as of March 2018
 
Members of the Joint Chiefs of Staff during a press conference at The Pentagon with Secretary of Defense. From left to right are Army Vice Chief of Staff General Richard A. Cody, Chief of Naval Operations Admiral Vern Clark, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, U.S. Air Force General Richard B. Myers, U.S. Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld, Air Force Chief of Staff General John P. Jumper and Commandant of the Marine Corps General Michael Hagee. In the absence of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff or the Service Chief, the Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the Vice Service Chief will replace its presence at an important event.
 
Members of The Joint Chiefs of Staff with U.S. Secretary of Defense in 1973.
 
The Joint Chiefs of Staff (seated) and the directors of the Joint Staff directorates (standing), November 1989.

The Joint Staff (JS)[27][28] is a military headquarters staff based at The Pentagon (with offices in Hampton Roads, Virginia; Fort Leavenworth, Kansas; Lackland Air Force Base, Texas; Fort Belvoir, Virginia; Fairchild Air Force Base, Washington and Fort McNair, District of Columbia) composed of personnel from all the six armed services, assisting the chairman and the vice chairman in discharging their responsibilities. They work closely with the Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD), the military department staffs, and the Combatant Command staffs.

The chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (CJCS) is assisted by the director of the Joint Staff (DJS), a three-star officer who assists the chairman with the management of the Joint Staff, an organization composed of approximately equal numbers of officers contributed by the Army, the Navy and Marine Corps, the Air Force, the Space Force, and the Coast Guard, who have been assigned to assist the chairman in providing to the secretary of defense unified strategic direction, operation, and integration of the combatant land, naval, space, and air forces. The director is assisted by the vice director of the Joint Staff, a two-star officer.

Former Secretary of Defense Mark Esper tasked the Joint Staff with developing a Joint Warfighting Concept[JadConcept 1] for the services by December 2020.[29] Developing Joint all-domain command and control (JADC2) as a concept[JadConcept 1] is a key goal of the 20th CJCS.[29] An OSD/Joint Staff Cross-Functional Team for JADC2 is underway.[30][31] Esper ordered the four services and the Joint Staff to create a new joint warfighting concept for All-domain operations, operating simultaneously in the air, land, sea, space, cyber, and the electromagnetic spectrum (EMS).[32] The Joint Chiefs and Combatant Commanders witnessed demonstrations of the concept in September 2020.[33]

Organization edit

The Joint Staff includes the following departments where all the planning, policies, intelligence, manpower, communications and logistics functions are translated into action.[34]

  • Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff
    • Vice Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff
      • Director, Joint Staff – assists the Chairman in his role as advisor to the President and Secretary of Defense, coordinates and directs activities of the Joint Staff in support of the Chairman, and serves as the staff inspector general.
        • Vice Director, Joint Staff
          • J1 – Director, Manpower and Personnel
          • J2 – Director, Intelligence
          • J3 – Director, Operations
          • J4 – Director, Logistics
          • J5 – Director, Strategy, Plans, and Policy
          • J6 – Director, Command, Control, Communications, and Computers / Chief Information Officer
          • J7 – Director, Joint Force Development
          • J8 – Director, Force Structure, Resources, and Assessment
          • Director of Management
          • Secretary, Joint Staff (SJS) – overall management and administration of JS actions
          • Joint History Office – record activities of the chairman and the Joint Staff
      • Assistant to the Chairman – oversees matters requiring close personal control by the chairman with particular focus on international relations and politico-military concerns
      • Senior Enlisted Advisor to the Chairman (SEAC) – advisor to the chairman on all matters involving joint and combined total force integration, utilization, health of the force, and joint development for enlisted personnel

Directorates of the Joint Staff edit

The Joint Staff includes the following departments where all the planning, policies, intelligence, manpower, communications and logistics functions are translated into action.[34]

Joint Chiefs of Staff: Civilian awards edit

The Joint Chiefs may recognize private citizens, organizations or career civilian government employees for significant achievements provided to the joint community with one of the following decorations/awards.[39]

  • CJCS Award for Distinguished Public Service (DPS)
  • CJCS Award for Outstanding Public Service (OPS)
  • CJCS Joint Distinguished Civilian Service Award
  • CJCS Joint Meritorious Civilian Service Award
  • Joint Civilian Service Commendation Award (JCSCA)
  • Joint Civilian Service Achievement Award (JCSAA)

Coast Guard edit

Although, as discussed above, the commandant of the Coast Guard is not an ex officio member of the JCS like the other service chiefs, Coast Guard officers are legally eligible to be appointed as Chairman and Vice Chairman, pursuant to 10 U.S.C. § 152(a)(1) and 10 U.S.C. § 154(a)(1) respectively, which use the collective term "armed forces" rather than listing the eligible services, as well as to other positions on the Joint Staff. As of 2020, no Coast Guard officer has been appointed Chairman or Vice Chairman, but Coast Guard officers routinely serve on the JCS staff, including one vice admiral who was appointed to serve as J6 in 2016.

Gallery edit

See also edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ a b JADC2 as a concept— Like the Integrated Tactical Network, instances of a concept can exist before acquisition— see PEO C3T (2018) Integrated Tactical Network

References edit

  1. ^ a b "Top Guard officer joins Joint Chiefs of Staff". Army Times. 4 January 2012.
  2. ^ 10 USC 151. Joint Chiefs of Staff: composition; functions
  3. ^ 10 U.S.C. §3033 12 March 2013 at the Wayback Machine
  4. ^ 10 U.S.C. §5033 12 March 2013 at the Wayback Machine
  5. ^ 10 U.S.C. §5043 12 March 2013 at the Wayback Machine
  6. ^ 10 U.S.C. §8033 12 March 2013 at the Wayback Machine
  7. ^ 10 U.S.C. §162(b) 29 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine
  8. ^ 10 U.S.C §151(b) 12 March 2013 at the Wayback Machine
  9. ^ 10 U.S.C §155 12 March 2013 at the Wayback Machine
  10. ^ "2017 Military Pay Scale". Military Factory. May 2017.
  11. ^ "The Coast Guard: America's Oldest Maritime Defenders | GoCoastGuard.com". www.gocoastguard.com. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
  12. ^ 37 U.S.C. § 414(a)(5) – Personal money allowance ($4,000 per annum in 2009)
  13. ^ Thompson, Mark (4 January 2012). "The Changing of the Guard". Time. ISSN 0040-781X. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
  14. ^ a b Millett, Allan R. (1980). Semper Fidelis: The History of the United States Marine Corps. New York: Macmillan. p. 269 [para. 2]. ISBN 0-02-921590-0.
  15. ^ a b "Joint Chiefs of Staff > About > Origin of Joint Concepts". www.jcs.mil. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
  16. ^ Bradley, John H.; Griess, Thomas E.; Dice, Jack W. (2002). The Second World War: Asia and the Pacific. United States Military Academy, Dept. of History. Square One. p. 26. ISBN 0-7570-0162-9.
  17. ^ a b Cline, Ray S. (1990). . Center of Military History, United States Army, Washington, D. C. pp. 98–104. Archived from the original on 11 December 2018. Retrieved 5 January 2012.
  18. ^ Leighton, Richard M.; Robert W Coakley (1995). . Center of Military History, United States Army, Washington, D. C. p. 144. Archived from the original on 11 October 2017. Retrieved 5 January 2012.
  19. ^ Craven, James (1948). (PDF). AFHRA, Maxwell AFB, Alabama. p. 254. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 October 2016. Retrieved 15 October 2016.
  20. ^ "Washington Eats". Life. 5 October 1942. p. 95. Retrieved 20 November 2011.
  21. ^ Stoler, Mark A. (1982). "From Continentalism to Globalism: General Stanley D. Embick, the Joint Strategic Survey Committee, and the Military View of American National Policy during the Second World War". Diplomatic History. 6 (3): 303–320 [quote at p. 307]. doi:10.1111/j.1467-7709.1982.tb00378.x.
  22. ^ "National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020" (PDF). Retrieved 20 December 2019.
  23. ^ [1] 10 USC 152. Chairman: appointment; grade and rank
  24. ^ a b [2] 10 USC 152(c). Chairman: appointment; grade and rank – Grade and Rank.
  25. ^ [3] 10 USC 162. Combatant commands: assigned forces; chain of command
  26. ^ About the Joint Chiefs 5 July 2006 at the Wayback Machine
  27. ^ "Joint Doctrine constitutes official advice, however, the judgment of the commander is paramount in all situations." —Director Joint Force Development (1JAN19) Joint Electronic Library
  28. ^ Joint Staff, J-7 (Jan 2020) DOD Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms 18 February 2020 at the Wayback Machine
  29. ^ a b Theresa Hitchens (29 January 2020) New Joint Warfighting Plan Will Help Define 'Top Priority' JADC2: Hyten
  30. ^ Sydney J Freedberg Jr (11 May 2021) Revised JADC2 Strategy Hits DepSecDef's Desk JADC2 strategy: federate the data fabric
  31. ^ Theresa Hitchens (14 November 2019) OSD & Joint Staff Grapple With Joint All-Domain Command
  32. ^ Colin Clark (18 Feb 2020) Gen. Hyten On The New American Way of War: All-Domain Operations
    • "A computer-coordinated fight": in the air, land, sea, space, cyber, and the electromagnetic spectrum (EMS)
      • "forces from satellites to foot soldiers to submarines sharing battle data at machine-to-machine speed"
    • "it's the ability to integrate and effectively command and control all domains in a conflict or in a crisis seamlessly"—Gen. Hyten, Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs
      • All-Domain Operations use global capabilities: "space, cyber, deterrent [the nuclear triad (for mutually assured destruction in the Cold War, an evolving concept in itself)], transportation, electromagnetic spectrum operations, missile defense"
  33. ^ Theresa Hitchens (3 Sep 2020) ABMS Demo Proves AI Chops For C2 The acquisition method for several of the capabilities being demonstrated would be indefinite delivery/indefinite quantity (ID/IQ), but the decisions to buy would be made by the Combatant Commands. —Air Force acquisition executive Will Roper
  34. ^ a b jcs.mil 3 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine
  35. ^ . Archived from the original on 14 May 2011.
  36. ^ Gibson, Tim (2003). . Army Communicator. Archived from the original on 17 October 2015.
  37. ^ "Military Command, Control, Communications, and Computers Executive Board, 23 Apr 2014".
  38. ^ DoD Budget p.33
  39. ^ [4] 29 June 2011 at the Wayback Machine

Further reading edit

  • Gillespie, Robert M. The Joint Chiefs of Staff and the Escalation of the Vietnam Conflict, 1964–1965. Masters Thesis, Clemson University, 1994. OCLC 32515894.
  • Joint Chiefs of Staff. Organizational Development of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, 1942–1987. Joint Secretariat, Joint Chiefs of Staff, 1988.
  • Jordan, Jonathan W., American Warlords: How Roosevelt's High Command Led America to Victory in World War II (NAL/Caliber 2015).
  • McMaster, H. R. Dereliction of Duty: Lyndon Johnson, Robert McNamara, the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the Lies That Led to Vietnam. New York: HarperCollins, 1997.
  • Perry, Mark. Four Stars: The Inside Story of the Forty-Year Battle Between the Joint Chiefs of Staff and America's Civilian Leaders. New York: Houghton Mifflin, 1989, ISBN 0-395-42923-4.
  • Rearden, Steven L. History of the Office of the Secretary of Defense. Two vols. Washington, D.C.: Historical Office, Office of the Secretary of Defense, 1984.
  • Schnabel, James F. History of the Joint Chiefs of Staff: The Joint Chiefs of Staff and National Policy 1945–1947. Volume I (registration required). Washington, D.C.: Joint History Office, The Joint Staff, 1996.
  • Taylor, Maxwell D. The Uncertain Trumpet. New York: Harper & Row, 1959.
  • Weiner, Sharon K. Managing the Military: The Joint Chiefs of Staff and Civil-Military Relations (Columbia University Press, 2022) online book review

External links edit

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  • Official website
  • Joint Action of the Army and the Navy (1935 Joint Board publication)
  • Joint Chiefs of Staff on the Internet Archive

joint, chiefs, staff, other, uses, disambiguation, body, most, senior, uniformed, leaders, within, united, states, department, defense, which, advises, president, united, states, secretary, defense, homeland, security, council, national, security, council, mil. For other uses see Joint Chiefs of Staff disambiguation The Joint Chiefs of Staff JCS is the body of the most senior uniformed leaders within the United States Department of Defense which advises the president of the United States the secretary of defense the Homeland Security Council and the National Security Council on military matters The composition of the Joint Chiefs of Staff is defined by statute and consists of a chairman CJCS a vice chairman VJCS the chiefs of the Army Marine Corps Navy Air Force Space Force and the chief of the National Guard Bureau 1 2 Each of the individual service chiefs outside their JCS obligations works directly under the secretaries of their respective military departments e g the secretary of the Army the secretary of the Navy and the secretary of the Air Force 3 4 5 6 Joint Chiefs of StaffJCSJoint Chiefs of Staff Identification BadgeRoleAdvisory board providing professional military advice to the secretary of defense and the presidentEstablished in practice1942Constituting instrumentNational Security Act of 1947currently codified at10 U S C 151Predecessor entitiesJoint Board 1903 1942 MembersChairmanGen Charles Q Brown Jr USAFVice ChairmanADM Christopher W Grady USNNumber of membersEightAdministrationParent agencyU S Department of DefenseStaff organizationThe Joint Staff for the chairman and the vice chairman the service chiefs and the National Guard Bureau chief have their own staffs assisting them SeatThe PentagonFollowing the Goldwater Nichols Act in 1986 the Joint Chiefs of Staff do not have operational command authority either individually or collectively as the chain of command goes from the president to the secretary of defense and from the secretary to the regional combatant commanders 7 Goldwater Nichols also created the office of vice chairman and the chairman is now designated as the principal military adviser to the secretary of defense the Homeland Security Council the National Security Council and the president 8 The Joint Staff JS is a headquarters staff in the Pentagon composed of personnel from each of the six service branches that assists the chairman and the vice chairman in discharging their responsibilities and is managed by the director of the Joint Staff DJS 9 Contents 1 Role and responsibilities 1 1 Current members of the Joint Chiefs of Staff 1 1 1 Non member attendee 2 History 2 1 Joint Board 2 2 World War II 2 3 National Security Act of 1947 2 4 National Defense Authorization Act of 2012 2 5 National Defense Authorization Act of 2020 3 Organization and leadership positions 3 1 Chairman 3 2 Vice Chairman 3 3 Senior Enlisted Advisor to the Chairman 4 Joint Staff 4 1 Organization 4 2 Directorates of the Joint Staff 5 Joint Chiefs of Staff Civilian awards 6 Coast Guard 7 Gallery 8 See also 9 Notes 10 References 11 Further reading 12 External linksRole and responsibilities edit nbsp The Joint Chiefs of Staff in March 2022 After the 1986 reorganization of the Armed Forces undertaken by the Goldwater Nichols Act the Joint Chiefs of Staff does not possess operational authority over troops or other units Responsibility for conducting military operations goes from the president to the secretary of defense directly to the commanders of the unified combatant commands and thus bypasses the Joint Chiefs of Staff completely Today their primary responsibility is to ensure personnel readiness policy planning and training of their respective services for the combatant commanders to utilize In addition the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff acts as the chief military advisor to the president and the secretary of defense In this strictly advisory role the Joint Chiefs constitute the third highest deliberative body for military policy after the National Security Council and the Homeland Security Council which includes the president and other officials besides the chairman of the Joint Chiefs While serving as the chairman or vice chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff chief of staff of the Army commandant of the Marine Corps Chief of Naval Operations chief of staff of the Air Force or commandant of the Coast Guard the salary is 15 583 20 a month 10 regardless of cumulative years of service completed under section 205 of title 37 United States Code Current members of the Joint Chiefs of Staff edit Position Photograph Name Service Serving since Nominated by FlagChairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff nbsp GeneralCharles Q Brown Jr nbsp United States Air Force 1 October 2023 Joseph R Biden nbsp Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff nbsp AdmiralChristopher W Grady nbsp United States Navy 20 December 2021 Joseph R Biden nbsp Chief of Staff of the Army nbsp GeneralRandy A George nbsp United States Army 21 September 2023 Joseph R Biden nbsp Commandant of the Marine Corps nbsp GeneralEric M Smith nbsp United States Marine Corps 22 September 2023 Joseph R Biden nbsp Chief of Naval Operations nbsp AdmiralLisa M Franchetti nbsp United States Navy 2 November 2023 Joseph R Biden nbsp Chief of Staff of the Air Force nbsp GeneralDavid W Allvin nbsp United States Air Force 2 November 2023 Joseph R Biden nbsp Chief of Space Operations nbsp GeneralB Chance Saltzman nbsp United States Space Force 2 November 2022 Joseph R Biden nbsp Chief of the National Guard Bureau nbsp GeneralDaniel R Hokanson nbsp United States Army 3 August 2020 Donald J Trump nbsp Non member attendee edit Position Photograph Name Service Serving since Nominated by FlagCommandant of the Coast Guard nbsp AdmiralLinda L Fagan nbsp United States Coast Guard 1 June 2022 Joseph R Biden nbsp Although it is a branch of the Armed Forces pursuant to 14 U S C 101 the Coast Guard operates under the Department of Homeland Security rather than the Department of Defense except when the president e g in times of war or national emergency transfers it to the Department of the Navy 11 The commandant of the Coast Guard is not a de jure member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff but is sometimes regarded as a de facto member being entitled to the same supplemental pay as the Joint Chiefs 12 and occasionally will attend meetings of the JCS by invitation 13 Unlike the Joint Chiefs who are not actually in the military s operational chain of command the commandant is both the administrative and the operational commander of the Coast Guard History editJoint Board edit nbsp United States Secretary of Defense Harold Brown and United States Deputy Secretary of Defense Charles W Duncan Jr with Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff General George S Brown and the other members of the Joint Chiefs of Staff at the Pentagon in 1977As the U S military grew in size following the American Civil War joint military action between the Army and Navy became increasingly difficult The Army and Navy were unsupportive of each other at either the planning or operational level and were constrained by disagreements during the Spanish American War in the Caribbean campaigns 14 15 The Joint Army and Navy Board was established in 1903 by President Theodore Roosevelt comprising representatives from the military heads and chief planners of both the Navy s General Board and the Army s General Staff The Joint Board acting as an advisory committee was created to plan joint operations and resolve problems of common rivalry between the two services 14 15 Yet the Joint Board accomplished little since its charter gave it no authority to enforce its decisions The Joint Board also lacked the ability to originate its own opinions and was thus limited to commenting only on the problems submitted to it by the secretaries of war and Navy As a result the Joint Board had little to no impact on the manner in which the United States conducted World War I After World War I the two secretaries agreed in 1919 to reestablish and revitalize the Joint Board The mission of the General Staff was to develop plans for mobilization for the next war In these the U S was always designated blue and potential enemies were assigned various other colors 16 Now the Joint Board s membership was to include the chiefs of staff their deputies and the chief of war plans division for the Army and the director of plans division for the Navy Under the Joint Board was to be a staff called the Joint Planning Committee to serve the board Along with new membership the Joint Board could initiate recommendations on its own initiative However the Joint Board still did not possess the legal authority to enforce its decisions World War II edit nbsp Joint Chiefs of Staff meeting circa 1943 From left to right are Gen Henry H Arnold Chief of the Army Air Forces Adm William D Leahy Chief of Staff to the Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy Adm Ernest J King Commander in Chief U S Fleet and Chief of Naval Operations and Gen George C Marshall Chief of Staff of the United States Army U S president Franklin D Roosevelt and British prime minister Winston Churchill established the Combined Chiefs of Staff CCS during the 1942 Arcadia Conference 17 The CCS would serve as the supreme military body for strategic direction of the joint U S UK war effort The UK portion of the CCS would be composed of the British Chiefs of Staff Committee but the United States had no equivalent body The Joint Board s lack of authority made it of little use to the CCS although its 1935 publication Joint Action of the Army and Navy did give some guidance for the joint operations during World War II The Joint Board had little influence during the war and was ultimately disbanded in 1947 As a counterpart to the UK s Chiefs of Staff Committee in the CCS and to provide better coordinated effort and coordinated staff work for America s military effort Admiral William D Leahy proposed a unified high command in what would come to be called the Joint Chiefs of Staff Modeled on the British Chiefs of Staff Committee the JCS first formal meeting was held on 9 February 1942 to coordinate operations between War and Navy Departments 17 18 The official history of the Army Air Forces noted that although there was no official charter establishing this committee by the end of February it had assumed responsibilities toward the American war effort comparable to the CCS on the combined level 19 On 20 July 1942 Admiral Leahy became the Chief of Staff to the Commander in Chief with all individual service chiefs operating under his authority The first members of the Joint Chiefs of Staff were 20 Name Service PositionAdmiral William D Leahy USN Chief of Staff to the Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy andSpecial Presidential Military AdvisorGeneral George C Marshall USA Chief of Staff of the United States Army CSUSA Admiral Ernest J King USN Commander in Chief of the United States Fleet andChief of Naval Operations COMINCH CNO General Henry H Hap Arnold USA Chief of the Army Air Forces and Deputy Chief of Staff for Air nbsp The Joint Chiefs of Staff in 1959 From left to right Gen Lyman L Lemnitzer USA Adm Arleigh A Burke USN Gen Nathan F Twining USAF chairman Gen Thomas Dresser White USAF and Gen Randolph M Pate USMC nbsp The Joint Chiefs of Staff in an annual meeting with the commanders of unified and specified command in the JCS meeting room also known as The Tank on 15 January 1981 Each of the members of the original Joint Chiefs was a four star flag or general officer in his service branch By the end of the war each had been promoted Leahy and King to fleet admiral Marshall and Arnold to general of the Army Arnold was later appointed to the grade of general of the Air Force One of the Joint Chiefs of Staff s committees was the Joint Strategic Survey Committee JSSC The JSSC one of the most influential planning agencies in the wartime armed forces was an extraordinary JCS committee that existed from 1942 until 1947 21 Members included Lieutenant General Stanley D Embick U S Army chairman 1942 1946 Vice Admiral Russell Willson U S Navy 1942 1945 Vice Admiral Theodore Stark Wilkinson U S Navy 1946 and Major General Muir S Fairchild U S Army Air Force 1942 National Security Act of 1947 edit With the end of World War II the Joint Chiefs of Staff was officially established under the National Security Act of 1947 Per the National Security Act the JCS consisted of a chairman the chief of staff of the Army the chief of staff of the Air Force which was established as a separate service by the same Act and the chief of naval operations The commandant of the Marine Corps was to be consulted on matters concerning the Corps but was not a regular member General Lemuel C Shepherd Jr Commandant in 1952 55 was the first to sit as an occasional member The law was amended during the term of General Louis H Wilson Jr 1975 79 making the commandant a full time JCS member in parity with the other three DoD services The position of vice chairman was created by the Goldwater Nichols Act of 1986 to complement the CJCS as well as to delegate some of the chairman s responsibilities particularly resource allocation through the Joint Requirements Oversight Council JROC General Colin L Powell Chairman 1989 1993 was the first African American to serve on the Joint Chiefs of Staff when he became the 12th Chairman of the JCS in 1989 General Charles Q Brown Jr was the first African American appointed to lead a service branch when he became the Chief of Staff of the Air Force in 2020 On May 25 2023 President Joe Biden nominated General Brown to become the 21st Chairman of the JCS General Brown was subsequently confirmed and took up the post of chairman on October 1 2023 General Richard B Myers Chairman 2001 2005 was the first vice chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff to serve as chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff General Peter Pace Vice Chairman 2001 2005 Chairman 2005 2007 was the first Marine to serve in either position Admiral Lisa Franchetti became the first woman to serve on the JCS when she took over as Chief of Naval Operations on November 2 2023 National Defense Authorization Act of 2012 edit A provision in the 2012 National Defense Authorization Act added the Chief of the National Guard Bureau to the Joint Chiefs of Staff Guard historians called it the most significant development for the National Guard since the Militia Act of 1903 1 National Defense Authorization Act of 2020 edit The 2020 National Defense Authorization Act established the U S Space Force on 20 December 2019 The Space Force is headed by the chief of space operations who reports directly to the secretary of the Air Force Pursuant to 10 U S C 9082 the chief of space operations became a statutory member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff on 20 December 2020 22 Organization and leadership positions editChairman edit Main article Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff nbsp The Joint Chiefs of Staff in 2001The chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff is by law the highest ranking military officer of the United States Armed Forces 23 and the principal military adviser to the president of the United States He leads the meetings and coordinates the efforts of the Joint Chiefs of Staff comprising the chairman the vice chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff the chief of staff of the United States Army the commandant of the United States Marine Corps the chief of naval operations the chief of staff of the United States Air Force the Chief of Space Operations statutory member after December 2020 and the chief of the National Guard Bureau The Joint Chiefs of Staff have offices in the Pentagon The chairman outranks all service chiefs 24 but does not maintain authority over them their branches or the Unified Combatant Commands 24 All combatant commanders receive their orders directly from the secretary of defense 25 On 20 July 1942 Fleet Admiral William D Leahy became Chief of Staff to the Commander in Chief 20 July 1942 21 March 1949 He was not technically the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Leahy s office was the precursor to the post of Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff That post was established and first held by General of the Army Omar Bradley in 1949 The current and 21st chairman is General Charles Q Brown Jr who began his tenure on 29 September 2023 Vice Chairman edit Main article Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff The position of Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff was created by the Goldwater Nichols Act of 1986 The vice chairman is a four star general or admiral and by law is the second highest ranking member of the U S Armed Forces after the chairman In the absence of the chairman the vice chairman presides over the meetings of the Joint Chiefs of Staff He may also perform such duties as the chairman may prescribe It was not until the National Defense Authorization Act in 1992 that the position was made a full voting member of the JCS 26 The current vice chairman is Admiral Christopher W Grady who began his tenure on 20 December 2021 Senior Enlisted Advisor to the Chairman edit Main article Senior Enlisted Advisor to the Chairman The senior enlisted advisor to the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff SEAC advises on all matters concerning joint and combined total force integration utilization development and helps develop noncommissioned officers related joint professional education enhance utilization of senior NCOs on joint battle staffs and support the chairman s responsibilities as directed Command Sergeant Major William Gainey was the first SEAC serving from 1 October 2005 The current SEAC is Troy E Black who was sworn in by General Charles Q Brown Jr chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff on 3 November 2023 replacing SEAC Ramon Colon Lopez Joint Staff editJoint Staff nbsp Office of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Identification BadgeAgency overviewFormed1949HeadquartersThe PentagonEmployeesApprox 1 500Agency executiveLTG James J Mingus DJS Parent agencyDepartment of Defense nbsp The Joint Staff Organization Chart as of March 2018 nbsp Members of the Joint Chiefs of Staff during a press conference at The Pentagon with Secretary of Defense From left to right are Army Vice Chief of Staff General Richard A Cody Chief of Naval Operations Admiral Vern Clark Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff U S Air Force General Richard B Myers U S Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld Air Force Chief of Staff General John P Jumper and Commandant of the Marine Corps General Michael Hagee In the absence of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff or the Service Chief the Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the Vice Service Chief will replace its presence at an important event nbsp Members of The Joint Chiefs of Staff with U S Secretary of Defense in 1973 nbsp The Joint Chiefs of Staff seated and the directors of the Joint Staff directorates standing November 1989 The Joint Staff JS 27 28 is a military headquarters staff based at The Pentagon with offices in Hampton Roads Virginia Fort Leavenworth Kansas Lackland Air Force Base Texas Fort Belvoir Virginia Fairchild Air Force Base Washington and Fort McNair District of Columbia composed of personnel from all the six armed services assisting the chairman and the vice chairman in discharging their responsibilities They work closely with the Office of the Secretary of Defense OSD the military department staffs and the Combatant Command staffs The chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff CJCS is assisted by the director of the Joint Staff DJS a three star officer who assists the chairman with the management of the Joint Staff an organization composed of approximately equal numbers of officers contributed by the Army the Navy and Marine Corps the Air Force the Space Force and the Coast Guard who have been assigned to assist the chairman in providing to the secretary of defense unified strategic direction operation and integration of the combatant land naval space and air forces The director is assisted by the vice director of the Joint Staff a two star officer Former Secretary of Defense Mark Esper tasked the Joint Staff with developing a Joint Warfighting Concept JadConcept 1 for the services by December 2020 29 Developing Joint all domain command and control JADC2 as a concept JadConcept 1 is a key goal of the 20th CJCS 29 An OSD Joint Staff Cross Functional Team for JADC2 is underway 30 31 Esper ordered the four services and the Joint Staff to create a new joint warfighting concept for All domain operations operating simultaneously in the air land sea space cyber and the electromagnetic spectrum EMS 32 The Joint Chiefs and Combatant Commanders witnessed demonstrations of the concept in September 2020 33 Organization edit The Joint Staff includes the following departments where all the planning policies intelligence manpower communications and logistics functions are translated into action 34 Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff Vice Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff Director Joint Staff assists the Chairman in his role as advisor to the President and Secretary of Defense coordinates and directs activities of the Joint Staff in support of the Chairman and serves as the staff inspector general Vice Director Joint Staff J1 Director Manpower and Personnel J2 Director Intelligence J3 Director Operations J4 Director Logistics J5 Director Strategy Plans and Policy J6 Director Command Control Communications and Computers Chief Information Officer J7 Director Joint Force Development J8 Director Force Structure Resources and Assessment Director of Management Secretary Joint Staff SJS overall management and administration of JS actions Joint History Office record activities of the chairman and the Joint Staff Assistant to the Chairman oversees matters requiring close personal control by the chairman with particular focus on international relations and politico military concerns Senior Enlisted Advisor to the Chairman SEAC advisor to the chairman on all matters involving joint and combined total force integration utilization health of the force and joint development for enlisted personnelDirectorates of the Joint Staff edit The Joint Staff includes the following departments where all the planning policies intelligence manpower communications and logistics functions are translated into action 34 DOM Directorate of Management Joint Secretariat Information Management Division Actions Division J1 Personnel and Manpower J2 Intelligence The National Military Joint Intelligence Center NMJIC is part of the J2 directorate and is staffed by Defense Intelligence Agency personnel J3 Operations The National Military Command Center NMCC is part of the J3 directorate J4 Logistics J5 Strategic Plans and Policy J6 Command Control Communications and Computers Cyber 35 The J 6 directorate is one of a group of agencies that administer the SIPRNet Other administrators include the National Security Agency the Defense Intelligence Agency and the Defense Information Systems Agency 36 The J 6 chairs the DOD s Military Command Control Communications and Computers Executive Board MC4EB 37 which works in conjunction with the multinational Combined Communications Electronics Board The J 6 Joint Deployable Analysis Team JDAT conducts assessments in conjunction with Combatant Command exercises experiments and test and evaluation events 38 J7 Joint Force Development The J 7 is responsible for the six functions of joint force development Doctrine Education Concept Development amp Experimentation Training Exercises and Lessons Learned J8 Force Structure Resources and AssessmentJoint Chiefs of Staff Civilian awards editThe Joint Chiefs may recognize private citizens organizations or career civilian government employees for significant achievements provided to the joint community with one of the following decorations awards 39 CJCS Award for Distinguished Public Service DPS CJCS Award for Outstanding Public Service OPS CJCS Joint Distinguished Civilian Service Award CJCS Joint Meritorious Civilian Service Award Joint Civilian Service Commendation Award JCSCA Joint Civilian Service Achievement Award JCSAA Coast Guard editAlthough as discussed above the commandant of the Coast Guard is not an ex officio member of the JCS like the other service chiefs Coast Guard officers are legally eligible to be appointed as Chairman and Vice Chairman pursuant to 10 U S C 152 a 1 and 10 U S C 154 a 1 respectively which use the collective term armed forces rather than listing the eligible services as well as to other positions on the Joint Staff As of 2020 no Coast Guard officer has been appointed Chairman or Vice Chairman but Coast Guard officers routinely serve on the JCS staff including one vice admiral who was appointed to serve as J6 in 2016 Gallery edit nbsp The Joint Chiefs of Staff during its early days in 1949 nbsp Members of the Joint Chiefs of Staff at The Pentagon in 1958 nbsp The Joint Chiefs of Staff in 1959 nbsp The Joint Chiefs of Staff in 1961 nbsp The Joint Chiefs of Staff in 1968 nbsp The Joint Chiefs of Staff in 1971 nbsp The Joint Chiefs of Staff in 1977 nbsp Members of the Joint Chiefs of Staff with President Elect Jimmy Carter and Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld on December 17 1976 nbsp Members of the Joint Chiefs of Staff during a cabinet meeting in the White House in 1977 nbsp The Joint Chiefs of Staff in 1981 nbsp Members of the Joint Chiefs of Staff during President Ronald Reagan Inaugural Parade in January 20 1981 nbsp The Joint Chiefs of Staff in 1983 nbsp The Joint Chiefs of Staff in 1986 nbsp The Joint Chiefs of Staff in 2001 nbsp Members of the Joint Chiefs of Staff render a salute for the late President Ronald Reagan at Andrews Air Force Base in 2004 nbsp Members of the Joint Chiefs of Staff at Andrews Air Force Base during a funeral service ceremony for the late President Gerald Ford on December 26 2006 nbsp The Joint Chiefs of Staff at the Senate Armed Services Committee testimony in The Capitol Hill 2010 nbsp The Joint Chiefs of Staff in 2017 See also editArmed Forces Council Canada Chiefs of Staff Committee United Kingdom General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation General Staff of the Israel Defense Forces Joint Chiefs of Staff Republic of Korea Chief of Defence Staff India Staff military see Modern United States military usage for organization of Joint Staff J1 through J8 Notes edit a b JADC2 as a concept Like the Integrated Tactical Network instances of a concept can exist before acquisition see PEO C3T 2018 Integrated Tactical NetworkReferences edit a b Top Guard officer joins Joint Chiefs of Staff Army Times 4 January 2012 10 USC 151 Joint Chiefs of Staff composition functions 10 U S C 3033 Archived 12 March 2013 at the Wayback Machine 10 U S C 5033 Archived 12 March 2013 at the Wayback Machine 10 U S C 5043 Archived 12 March 2013 at the Wayback Machine 10 U S C 8033 Archived 12 March 2013 at the Wayback Machine 10 U S C 162 b Archived 29 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine 10 U S C 151 b Archived 12 March 2013 at the Wayback Machine 10 U S C 155 Archived 12 March 2013 at the Wayback Machine 2017 Military Pay Scale Military Factory May 2017 The Coast Guard America s Oldest Maritime Defenders GoCoastGuard com www gocoastguard com Retrieved 22 May 2021 37 U S C 414 a 5 Personal money allowance 4 000 per annum in 2009 Thompson Mark 4 January 2012 The Changing of the Guard Time ISSN 0040 781X Retrieved 22 May 2021 a b Millett Allan R 1980 Semper Fidelis The History of the United States Marine Corps New York Macmillan p 269 para 2 ISBN 0 02 921590 0 a b Joint Chiefs of Staff gt About gt Origin of Joint Concepts www jcs mil Retrieved 22 May 2021 Bradley John H Griess Thomas E Dice Jack W 2002 The Second World War Asia and the Pacific United States Military Academy Dept of History Square One p 26 ISBN 0 7570 0162 9 a b Cline Ray S 1990 United States Army in World War II The War Department Washington Command Post The Operations Division Chapter VI Organizing The High Command For World War II Development of the Joint and Combined Chiefs of Staff System Center of Military History United States Army Washington D C pp 98 104 Archived from the original on 11 December 2018 Retrieved 5 January 2012 Leighton Richard M Robert W Coakley 1995 United States Army in World War II The War Department Global Logistics and Strategy 1940 1943 Center of Military History United States Army Washington D C p 144 Archived from the original on 11 October 2017 Retrieved 5 January 2012 Craven James 1948 United States Army Air Forces in World War II Volume I Plans and Early Operations Jan 1939 Aug 1941 Chapter 7 Establishment of the Fundamental Bases of Strategy PDF AFHRA Maxwell AFB Alabama p 254 Archived from the original PDF on 18 October 2016 Retrieved 15 October 2016 Washington Eats Life 5 October 1942 p 95 Retrieved 20 November 2011 Stoler Mark A 1982 From Continentalism to Globalism General Stanley D Embick the Joint Strategic Survey Committee and the Military View of American National Policy during the Second World War Diplomatic History 6 3 303 320 quote at p 307 doi 10 1111 j 1467 7709 1982 tb00378 x National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 PDF Retrieved 20 December 2019 1 10 USC 152 Chairman appointment grade and rank a b 2 10 USC 152 c Chairman appointment grade and rank Grade and Rank 3 10 USC 162 Combatant commands assigned forces chain of command About the Joint Chiefs Archived 5 July 2006 at the Wayback Machine Joint Doctrine constitutes official advice however the judgment of the commander is paramount in all situations Director Joint Force Development 1JAN19 Joint Electronic Library Joint Staff J 7 Jan 2020 DOD Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms Archived 18 February 2020 at the Wayback Machine a b Theresa Hitchens 29 January 2020 New Joint Warfighting Plan Will Help Define Top Priority JADC2 Hyten Sydney J Freedberg Jr 11 May 2021 Revised JADC2 Strategy Hits DepSecDef s Desk JADC2 strategy federate the data fabric Theresa Hitchens 14 November 2019 OSD amp Joint Staff Grapple With Joint All Domain Command Colin Clark 18 Feb 2020 Gen Hyten On The New American Way of War All Domain Operations A computer coordinated fight in the air land sea space cyber and the electromagnetic spectrum EMS forces from satellites to foot soldiers to submarines sharing battle data at machine to machine speed it s the ability to integrate and effectively command and control all domains in a conflict or in a crisis seamlessly Gen Hyten Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs All Domain Operations use global capabilities space cyber deterrent the nuclear triad for mutually assured destruction in the Cold War an evolving concept in itself transportation electromagnetic spectrum operations missile defense Theresa Hitchens 3 Sep 2020 ABMS Demo Proves AI Chops For C2 The acquisition method for several of the capabilities being demonstrated would be indefinite delivery indefinite quantity ID IQ but the decisions to buy would be made by the Combatant Commands Air Force acquisition executive Will Roper a b jcs mil Archived 3 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine J6 Page at jcs mil Archived from the original on 14 May 2011 Gibson Tim 2003 SIPRNET connectivity do s and don ts Army Communicator Archived from the original on 17 October 2015 Military Command Control Communications and Computers Executive Board 23 Apr 2014 DoD Budget p 33 4 Archived 29 June 2011 at the Wayback MachineFurther reading editGillespie Robert M The Joint Chiefs of Staff and the Escalation of the Vietnam Conflict 1964 1965 Masters Thesis Clemson University 1994 OCLC 32515894 Joint Chiefs of Staff Organizational Development of the Joint Chiefs of Staff 1942 1987 Joint Secretariat Joint Chiefs of Staff 1988 Jordan Jonathan W American Warlords How Roosevelt s High Command Led America to Victory in World War II NAL Caliber 2015 McMaster H R Dereliction of Duty Lyndon Johnson Robert McNamara the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the Lies That Led to Vietnam New York HarperCollins 1997 Perry Mark Four Stars The Inside Story of the Forty Year Battle Between the Joint Chiefs of Staff and America s Civilian Leaders New York Houghton Mifflin 1989 ISBN 0 395 42923 4 Rearden Steven L History of the Office of the Secretary of Defense Two vols Washington D C Historical Office Office of the Secretary of Defense 1984 Schnabel James F History of the Joint Chiefs of Staff The Joint Chiefs of Staff and National Policy 1945 1947 Volume I registration required Washington D C Joint History Office The Joint Staff 1996 Taylor Maxwell D The Uncertain Trumpet New York Harper amp Row 1959 Weiner Sharon K Managing the Military The Joint Chiefs of Staff and Civil Military Relations Columbia University Press 2022 online book reviewExternal links editListen to this article 20 minutes source source nbsp This audio file was created from a revision of this article dated 6 September 2015 2015 09 06 and does not reflect subsequent edits Audio help More spoken articles nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Joint Chiefs of Staff Official website Joint Action of the Army and the Navy 1935 Joint Board publication Joint Chiefs of Staff on the Internet Archive Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Joint Chiefs of Staff amp oldid 1206414811, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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