Johann Köler (8 March 1826 – 22 April 1899) was a leader of the Estonian national awakening and a painter.[1] He is considered as the first professional painter of the emerging nation. He distinguished himself primarily by his portraiture and to a lesser extent by his landscape paintings. Some of his most notable pictures depict the Estonian rural life in the second half of the 19th century.
Johann Köler was born as the seventh child to a peasant family in Lubjassaare farmstead in Wast (present-day Ivaski), Viljandi County. Despite the poverty of the parents Köler managed to attend the elementary and the district schools in Fellin (present-day Viljandi), Livonia. Then he attended a workshop of master painters in Cēsis. In 1846, Köler travelled to St. Petersburg to work as a sign writer, where his talent was soon discovered. From 1848 to 1855 Johan Köler studied drawing and painting at the St. Petersburg Imperial Academy of Arts.
During 1857 Köler travelled to Paris via Berlin, later returned to Germany, then travelled to the Netherlands and Belgium. In 1858, he travelled across the Alps to Milan, Geneva, Florence and Rome. There, he studied in a private academy and devoted his time to watercolor technique. In Rome during 1859 he presented his composition "Christ on the Cross".
Answering the call of the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts, Köler returned to the city in 1861. From 1862 to 1874 he was a teacher of the Grand Duchess Maria Aleksandrovna, the daughter of Czar Alexander II. In 1869–1870, he worked as a lecturer at the academy. From 1886 to 1889 Köler worked in Vienna, Nice, and Paris.
Estonian national awakeningedit
The peak of Johann Köler's career coincided with the rise of the Estonian national awakening and he used his position in the imperial court to promote the cause of the Estonian people. He also was a friend of the journalist Carl Robert Jakobson, one of the authors of the idea of the Estonian self-determination.
The town of Viljandi inaugurated a monument to Köler in 1976. Eesti Post issued a commemorative postage stamp celebrating the 175th anniversary of his birth in 2001.
Best-known worksedit
Italian Woman with Children by a Streamedit
Italian Woman with Children by a Stream is an 1862 painting by Köler. The work has dimensions 82.5 cm x 53.5 cm. The work belongs to the Art Museum of Estonia's collection and is exhibited in Kumu Art Museum.
Lorelei Cursed by Monks (Estonian: Lorelei needmine munkade poolt) is an oil painting on canvas painted in 1887, depicting the mythological nymph of the Rhine. It is part of the collection of the Art Museum of Estonia and is exhibited in the Kumu Art Museum in Tallinn. The dimensions of the painting are 345 cm wide by 395 cm high. (136 in X 156 in)
Galleryedit
Italian Woman with Children by a Stream (1862)
Italian. Roman (1858)
Self Portrait (1859)
Christ of the Cross (1857-1859)
Faithful Guardian (1878)
Eve with Pomegranate (1879-1880)
Eve after Falling Into Sin (1883)
Portrait of Dr. Philipp Karell, Emperor's Physician (1886)
^Jane Turner, The Dictionary of Art, Grove's Dictionaries, 1996, ISBN1-884446-00-0, p203
^"An Italian Woman with Children by a Stream". www.europeana.eu. Retrieved 2016-05-04.
External linksedit
Media related to Johann Köler at Wikimedia Commons
Works by Johann Köler at the Art Museum of Estonia
EKM Digitaalkogu (in Estonian)
Europeana (in Estonian)
January 01, 1970
johann, köler, march, 1826, april, 1899, leader, estonian, national, awakening, painter, considered, first, professional, painter, emerging, nation, distinguished, himself, primarily, portraiture, lesser, extent, landscape, paintings, some, most, notable, pict. Johann Koler 8 March 1826 22 April 1899 was a leader of the Estonian national awakening and a painter 1 He is considered as the first professional painter of the emerging nation He distinguished himself primarily by his portraiture and to a lesser extent by his landscape paintings Some of his most notable pictures depict the Estonian rural life in the second half of the 19th century Johann KolerBorn 1826 03 08 8 March 1826Wask Governorate of Livonia Russian EmpireDied22 April 1899 1899 04 22 aged 73 Saint Petersburg Russian EmpireEducationMember Academy of Arts 1860 Professor by rank 1867 Alma materImperial Academy of Arts 1857 Known forPaintingAwards Grave of Johann Koler in the Suure Jaani cemetery Bust by sculptor Amandus Adamson Contents 1 Life and work 2 Estonian national awakening 3 Miscellaneous 4 Best known works 4 1 Italian Woman with Children by a Stream 4 2 Lorelei Cursed by Monks 5 Gallery 6 References 7 External linksLife and work editJohann Koler was born as the seventh child to a peasant family in Lubjassaare farmstead in Wast present day Ivaski Viljandi County Despite the poverty of the parents Koler managed to attend the elementary and the district schools in Fellin present day Viljandi Livonia Then he attended a workshop of master painters in Cesis In 1846 Koler travelled to St Petersburg to work as a sign writer where his talent was soon discovered From 1848 to 1855 Johan Koler studied drawing and painting at the St Petersburg Imperial Academy of Arts During 1857 Koler travelled to Paris via Berlin later returned to Germany then travelled to the Netherlands and Belgium In 1858 he travelled across the Alps to Milan Geneva Florence and Rome There he studied in a private academy and devoted his time to watercolor technique In Rome during 1859 he presented his composition Christ on the Cross Answering the call of the St Petersburg Academy of Arts Koler returned to the city in 1861 From 1862 to 1874 he was a teacher of the Grand Duchess Maria Aleksandrovna the daughter of Czar Alexander II In 1869 1870 he worked as a lecturer at the academy From 1886 to 1889 Koler worked in Vienna Nice and Paris Estonian national awakening editThe peak of Johann Koler s career coincided with the rise of the Estonian national awakening and he used his position in the imperial court to promote the cause of the Estonian people He also was a friend of the journalist Carl Robert Jakobson one of the authors of the idea of the Estonian self determination From 1891 to 1893 Koler was the president of the Society of Estonian Literati Eesti Kirjameeste Selts Miscellaneous editThe town of Viljandi inaugurated a monument to Koler in 1976 Eesti Post issued a commemorative postage stamp celebrating the 175th anniversary of his birth in 2001 Best known works editItalian Woman with Children by a Stream edit Italian Woman with Children by a Stream is an 1862 painting by Koler The work has dimensions 82 5 cm x 53 5 cm The work belongs to the Art Museum of Estonia s collection and is exhibited in Kumu Art Museum The painting is a realistic view with a warm color palette 2 Lorelei Cursed by Monks edit Lorelei Cursed by Monks Estonian Lorelei needmine munkade poolt is an oil painting on canvas painted in 1887 depicting the mythological nymph of the Rhine It is part of the collection of the Art Museum of Estonia and is exhibited in the Kumu Art Museum in Tallinn The dimensions of the painting are 345 cm wide by 395 cm high 136 in X 156 in Gallery edit nbsp Italian Woman with Children by a Stream 1862 nbsp Italian Roman 1858 nbsp Self Portrait 1859 nbsp Christ of the Cross 1857 1859 nbsp Faithful Guardian 1878 nbsp Eve with Pomegranate 1879 1880 nbsp Eve after Falling Into Sin 1883 nbsp Portrait of Dr Philipp Karell Emperor s Physician 1886 nbsp Portrait of Hugo Treffner 1886 nbsp Portrait of Friedrich Reinhold Kreutzwald 1864 nbsp Lorelei Cursed by Monks 1887 References edit Jane Turner The Dictionary of Art Grove s Dictionaries 1996 ISBN 1 884446 00 0 p203 An Italian Woman with Children by a Stream www europeana eu Retrieved 2016 05 04 External links edit nbsp Media related to Johann Koler at Wikimedia Commons Works by Johann Koler at the Art Museum of Estonia EKM Digitaalkogu in Estonian Europeana in Estonian Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Johann Koler amp oldid 1211052610, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
