Jehoash (Hebrew: יְהוֹאָשׁYəhō’āš or[1]יוֹאָשׁ Yō’āš; Israelian Hebrew: 𐤀𐤔𐤉𐤅 *’Āšīyāw;[2]Akkadian: 𒅀𒀪𒋢 Yaʾsu [ia-'-su]; Latin: Joas; fl. c. 790 BC), whose name means "Yahweh has given,"[3] was the twelfth king of the ancient northern Kingdom of Israel (Samaria) and the son of Jehoahaz.[4] He was the 12th king of Israel and reigned for 16 years. William F. Albright has dated his reign to 801–786 BC, while E. R. Thiele offers the dates 798–782 BC.[5] When he ascended the throne, the Kingdom of Israel was suffering from the predations of the Arameans, whose king Hazael was conquering land controlled by Israel.
According to the second book of Kings, Jehoash was sinful and did evil in the eyes of Yahweh for tolerating the worship of the golden calves, yet outwardly at least he worshiped Yahweh.[3] He reigned as king of Israel for 16 years and led the Israelites through some decisive battles, including a war with the kingdom of Judah.[6]
Death of Elishaedit
Jehoash went to visit the prophet Elisha, who was sick with the illness that would eventually lead to his death. He held the prophet Elisha in honor, and wept by his bedside while he was dying. Jehoash pleased Elisha, addressing him in the words Elisha himself had used when Elijah was carried up into heaven: "O my father, my father, the chariot of Israel and the horsemen thereof."[7] When Jehoash failed to completely obey Elisha's instructions, Elisha predicted that Jehoash would only defeat the Arameans three times rather than five or six times, which may have been enough to end the Syrian threat.[8] In three signal and successive victories Jehoash overcame the Syrians, and retook from them the towns which Hazael had captured from Israel.[9]
War with Judahedit
Later in his reign, Jehoash led the men of the Kingdom of Israel in the defeat of king Amaziah of Judah.[3] Amaziah had begun to worship some of the idols he had taken from the Edomites, which the author of Chronicles believes led to his ruin and his defeat by Jehoash, whom he had challenged to battle.
Jehoash had warned Amaziah, saying: "A thistle in Lebanon sent a message to a cedar in Lebanon, 'Give your daughter to my son in marriage.' Then a wild beast in Lebanon came along and trampled the thistle underfoot. You have indeed defeated Edom and now you are arrogant. Glory in your victory, but stay at home! Why ask for trouble and cause your own downfall and that of Judah also?"[8]
Jehoash utterly defeated Amaziah at Beth-shemesh, on the borders of Dan and Philistia. Jehoash then advanced on Jerusalem, broke down a portion of the wall, and carried away the treasures of the Temple and the palace. Jehoash took Amaziah as a prisoner. Amaziah's defeat was followed by a conspiracy that took his life.[10] Jehoash also took hostages to assure good conduct.[3]
After the battle he soon died and was buried in Samaria.[11]
The excavation at Tell al-Rimah yields a stele of Adad-nirari III which mentioned "Jehoash the Samarian"[12][13] and contains the first cuneiform mention of Samaria by that name.[14] The inscriptions of this "Tell al-Rimah Stele" may provide evidence of the existence of King Jehoash, attest to the weakening of Syrian kingdom (cf. 2 Kings 13:5), and show the vassal status of the northern kingdom of Israel to the Assyrians.[15]
A postulated image of Jehoash is reconstructed from plaster remains recovered at Kuntillet Ajrud.[16][17] The ruins were from a temple built by the northern Israel kingdom when Jehoash of Israel gained control over the kingdom of Judah during the reign of Amaziah of Judah.[18]
^ abcd"Joash, Jehoash;" New Bible Dictionary. Douglas, J.D., ed. 1982 (second edition). Tyndale House Publishers, Wheaton, IL, USA. ISBN0-8423-4667-8, pp. 597–598
^2 Kings 13:14; 2 Kings 14, Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Holy Bible. Clarke, Adam. 1967. Beacon Hill Press, Kansas City, KS, USA. pp. 372–373
^ ab2 Kings 14:9–10; "Joash var. Jehoash." The Anchor Bible Dictionary, Vol III, 1992. Freedman, David Noel., ed., New York: Doubleday. ISBN0-385-19361-0 pp. 857–858
^2 Kings 13:13; "Joash, Jehoash." Illustrated Dictionary & Concordance of the Bible. Wigoder, Geoffrey, ed., 1986. G.G. The Jerusalem Publishing House Ltd. ISBN0-89577-407-0
^William H. Shea, Adad-Nirari III and Jehoash of Israel, Journal of Cuneiform Studies, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 101–113, 1978
^Tell al-Rimah Stela (797 BCE): inscription by Assyrian king Adad-Nirari III, in which he describes his successes in the west. Livius.org. Quote: "...[4] I received 2,000 talents of silver, 1,000 talents of copper, 2,000 talents of iron, 3,000 linen garments with multicolored trim - the tribute of Mari' - of the land of Damascus. I received the tribute of Jehoash the Samarian, of the Tyrian ruler and of the Sidonian ruler."
^Page, Stephanie (1968). "A Stela of Adad-nirari III and Nergal-ereš from Tell al Rimah". Iraq. 30 (2): 139–153. doi:10.2307/4199848. JSTOR 4199848.
^"Tell al-Rimah Stele: King Jehoash Found!" Assyrian inscriptions prove Israel's deliverance from the Syrians through King Jehoash. Warren Reinsch. Watch Jerusalem, June 27, 2019.
^Pirhiya Beck (1982) The Drawings from Horvat Teiman (Kuntillet 'Ajrud), Tel Aviv, 9:1, 3–68, DOI: 10.1179/033443582788440827
^Tallay Ornan (2016) Sketches and Final Works of Art: The Drawings and Wall Paintings of Kuntillet 'Ajrud Revisited, Tel Aviv, 43:1, 3–26, DOI: 10.1080/03344355.2016.1161374
^Nir Hasson. : Is that a 3,000-year-old picture of god, his penis and his wife depicted by early Jews at Kuntillet Ajrud?. Haaretz. April 4, 2018
jehoash, israel, confused, with, jehoash, judah, jehoash, hebrew, הו, yəhō, āš, יו, āš, israelian, hebrew, 𐤀𐤔𐤉𐤅, Āšīyāw, akkadian, 𒅀𒀪𒋢, yaʾsu, latin, joas, whose, name, means, yahweh, given, twelfth, king, ancient, northern, kingdom, israel, samaria, jehoahaz,. Not to be confused with Jehoash of Judah Jehoash Hebrew י הו א ש Yehō as or 1 יו א ש Yō as Israelian Hebrew 𐤀𐤔𐤉𐤅 Asiyaw 2 Akkadian 𒅀𒀪𒋢 Yaʾsu ia su Latin Joas fl c 790 BC whose name means Yahweh has given 3 was the twelfth king of the ancient northern Kingdom of Israel Samaria and the son of Jehoahaz 4 He was the 12th king of Israel and reigned for 16 years William F Albright has dated his reign to 801 786 BC while E R Thiele offers the dates 798 782 BC 5 When he ascended the throne the Kingdom of Israel was suffering from the predations of the Arameans whose king Hazael was conquering land controlled by Israel JehoashJehoash from Guillaume Rouille sPromptuarii Iconum InsigniorumKing of Northern IsraelReignc 798 c 782 BCPredecessorJehoahazSuccessorJeroboam IIHouseHouse of JehuFatherJehoahaz Contents 1 Biblical account of his reign 1 1 Death of Elisha 1 2 War with Judah 2 Archaeology 3 See also 4 ReferencesBiblical account of his reign editAccording to the second book of Kings Jehoash was sinful and did evil in the eyes of Yahweh for tolerating the worship of the golden calves yet outwardly at least he worshiped Yahweh 3 He reigned as king of Israel for 16 years and led the Israelites through some decisive battles including a war with the kingdom of Judah 6 Death of Elisha edit Jehoash went to visit the prophet Elisha who was sick with the illness that would eventually lead to his death He held the prophet Elisha in honor and wept by his bedside while he was dying Jehoash pleased Elisha addressing him in the words Elisha himself had used when Elijah was carried up into heaven O my father my father the chariot of Israel and the horsemen thereof 7 When Jehoash failed to completely obey Elisha s instructions Elisha predicted that Jehoash would only defeat the Arameans three times rather than five or six times which may have been enough to end the Syrian threat 8 In three signal and successive victories Jehoash overcame the Syrians and retook from them the towns which Hazael had captured from Israel 9 War with Judah edit Later in his reign Jehoash led the men of the Kingdom of Israel in the defeat of king Amaziah of Judah 3 Amaziah had begun to worship some of the idols he had taken from the Edomites which the author of Chronicles believes led to his ruin and his defeat by Jehoash whom he had challenged to battle Jehoash had warned Amaziah saying A thistle in Lebanon sent a message to a cedar in Lebanon Give your daughter to my son in marriage Then a wild beast in Lebanon came along and trampled the thistle underfoot You have indeed defeated Edom and now you are arrogant Glory in your victory but stay at home Why ask for trouble and cause your own downfall and that of Judah also 8 Jehoash utterly defeated Amaziah at Beth shemesh on the borders of Dan and Philistia Jehoash then advanced on Jerusalem broke down a portion of the wall and carried away the treasures of the Temple and the palace Jehoash took Amaziah as a prisoner Amaziah s defeat was followed by a conspiracy that took his life 10 Jehoash also took hostages to assure good conduct 3 After the battle he soon died and was buried in Samaria 11 Archaeology editSee also Tell al Rimah stela nbsp Stele of Adad nirari III from Tell al Rimah now in the Iraq Museum mentions the name of Jehoash the Samarian The excavation at Tell al Rimah yields a stele of Adad nirari III which mentioned Jehoash the Samarian 12 13 and contains the first cuneiform mention of Samaria by that name 14 The inscriptions of this Tell al Rimah Stele may provide evidence of the existence of King Jehoash attest to the weakening of Syrian kingdom cf 2 Kings 13 5 and show the vassal status of the northern kingdom of Israel to the Assyrians 15 A postulated image of Jehoash is reconstructed from plaster remains recovered at Kuntillet Ajrud 16 17 The ruins were from a temple built by the northern Israel kingdom when Jehoash of Israel gained control over the kingdom of Judah during the reign of Amaziah of Judah 18 See also editList of biblical figures identified in extra biblical sourcesReferences edit I Kings 22 26 Puech Emile LES INSCRIPTIONS HEBRAIQUES DE KUNTILLET AJRUD SINAI Revue Biblique 1946 vol 121 no 2 Peeters Publishers 2014 pp 161 94 http www jstor org stable 44092490 a b c d Joash Jehoash New Bible Dictionary Douglas J D ed 1982 second edition Tyndale House Publishers Wheaton IL USA ISBN 0 8423 4667 8 pp 597 598 2 Kings 14 1 compare 12 1 13 10 Edwin Thiele The Mysterious Numbers of the Hebrew Kings 1st ed New York Macmillan 1951 2d ed Grand Rapids Eerdmans 1965 3rd ed Grand Rapids Zondervan Kregel 1983 ISBN 0 8254 3825 X 9780825438257 2 Kings 13 10 12 2 Kings 13 14 2 Kings 14 Adam Clarke s Commentary on the Holy Bible Clarke Adam 1967 Beacon Hill Press Kansas City KS USA pp 372 373 a b 2 Kings 14 9 10 Joash var Jehoash The Anchor Bible Dictionary Vol III 1992 Freedman David Noel ed New York Doubleday ISBN 0 385 19361 0 pp 857 858 Jehoash Jewish Encyclopedia 2 Kings 14 8 14 19 2 Kings 13 13 Joash Jehoash Illustrated Dictionary amp Concordance of the Bible Wigoder Geoffrey ed 1986 G G The Jerusalem Publishing House Ltd ISBN 0 89577 407 0 William H Shea Adad Nirari III and Jehoash of Israel Journal of Cuneiform Studies vol 30 no 2 pp 101 113 1978 Tell al Rimah Stela 797 BCE inscription by Assyrian king Adad Nirari III in which he describes his successes in the west Livius org Quote 4 I received 2 000 talents of silver 1 000 talents of copper 2 000 talents of iron 3 000 linen garments with multicolored trim the tribute of Mari of the land of Damascus I received the tribute of Jehoash the Samarian of the Tyrian ruler and of the Sidonian ruler Page Stephanie 1968 A Stela of Adad nirari III and Nergal eres from Tell al Rimah Iraq 30 2 139 153 doi 10 2307 4199848 JSTOR 4199848 Tell al Rimah Stele King Jehoash Found Assyrian inscriptions prove Israel s deliverance from the Syrians through King Jehoash Warren Reinsch Watch Jerusalem June 27 2019 Pirhiya Beck 1982 The Drawings from Horvat Teiman Kuntillet Ajrud Tel Aviv 9 1 3 68 DOI 10 1179 033443582788440827 Tallay Ornan 2016 Sketches and Final Works of Art The Drawings and Wall Paintings of Kuntillet Ajrud Revisited Tel Aviv 43 1 3 26 DOI 10 1080 03344355 2016 1161374 Nir Hasson A strange drawing found in Sinai could undermine our entire idea of Judaism Is that a 3 000 year old picture of god his penis and his wife depicted by early Jews at Kuntillet Ajrud Haaretz April 4 2018 Jehoash of IsraelHouse of JehoshaphatContemporary Kings of Judah Jehoash Joash Amaziah Uzziah Regnal titles Preceded byJehoahaz King of Israel798 782 BCE Succeeded byJeroboam II Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Jehoash of Israel amp oldid 1199053310, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
