The Islamic Republican Party (IRP; Persian: حزب جمهوری اسلامی, romanized: Ḥezb-e Jomhūrī-e Eslāmī, also translated Islamic Republic Party) was formed in 1979 to assist the Iranian Revolution and Ayatollah Khomeini in their goal to establish theocracy in Iran. It was disbanded in 1987 due to internal conflicts.
The party has been said to be distinguished by "its strong clerical component, its loyalty to Khomeini, its strong animosity to the liberal political movements, and its tendency to support the revolutionary organizations," such as the komiteh. Policies it supported included the state takeover of large capital enterprises, the establishment of an Islamic cultural and university system, and programs to assist the poor.[14]
These revolutionary ayatollahs originally used the party to form a monopoly over the post-revolutionary theocratic Iranian state. In its struggle with civilian opponents the party made use of its ties to the Revolutionary Guards and Hezbollah.
In the late 1980s, factionalism in the IRP intensified, the major issues being the Iran-Iraq War, whether to open up to foreign countries or remain isolated, and economic policies. Because all rival parties had been banned, the party "did almost nothing and had little incentive to."[15]
According to Ahmad Mneisi,
"While unanimous on the idea of a theological state and united under the umbrella of one party, the Islamic Republican Party (IRP), [the religious right] differed on a number of issues, such as the extent to which religion is to take hold of political life (the Velayat-e Faqih debate).[16]
Daniel Brumberg argued that it was in response to the dispute between president Ali Khamenei and popular prime Minister Mir-Hossein Mousavi, that the IRP was dissolved - the Islamic Republican Party served "as a stronghold of radical activism," supporting Mousavi.[17] However, another report states that it was dissolved in May 1987 due to internal conflicts.[1][18] And the party was disbanded upon joint proposal of Rafsanjani and then party leader Khameini on 2 May 1987 when their proposal was endorsed by Ayatollah Khomeini.[13]
1983 congressedit
The party held its first congress in May 1983 and the members elected the 30-members central council as follows:[19]
^ abcdefghijklAsayesh, Hossein; Adlina Ab. Halim; Jayum A. Jawan; Seyedeh Nosrat Shojaei (March 2011). "Political Party in Islamic Republic of Iran: A Review". Journal of Politics and Law. 4 (1). doi:10.5539/jpl.v4n1p221. Retrieved 29 July 2013.
^ abcdJohn H. Lorentz (2010). "Islamic Republican Party (IRP)". The A to Z of Iran. The A to Z Guide Series. Vol. 209. Scarecrow Press. pp. 143–144. ISBN978-1461731917.
^Rubin, Barry M.; Rubin, Judith Colp (2008), "The Iranian Revolution and The War in Afghanistan", Chronologies of Modern Terrorism, M.E. Sharpe, p. 246, ISBN9780765622068, In Tehran, Iran, a bomb set by the Mujahideen-e Khalq (MEK), a leftist group with a philosophy combining Marxism and Islam, explodes at the headquarters of the ruling Islamic Republican Party, killing 73 people, including the party's founder, chief justice Ayatollah Mohammad Beheshti, four cabinet ministers and 23 parliament members.
^Said Amir Arjomand (1988). The Turban for the Crown: The Islamic Revolution in Iran. Studies in Middle Eastern history. Oxford University Press. p. 136. ISBN9780195042580.
^New Iran bursting with mass politics, Detroit Free Press, 20 June 1979, p. 28
^M Nasif Sharani (2013). Esposito, John L.; Shahin, Emad El-Din (eds.). The Oxford Handbook of Islam and Politics. Oxford University Press. p. 196. ISBN9780195395891.
^Ghorashi, Halleh (2002), Ways to survive, battles to win: Iranian women exiles in the Netherlands and United States, Nova Publishers, p. 63, ISBN978-1-59033-552-9
^ abcAntoine, Olivier; Sfeir, Roy (2007), The Columbia World Dictionary of Islamism, Columbia University Press, p. 150
^Adib-Moghaddam, Arshin (2014). A Critical Introduction to Khomeini. Cambridge University Press. p. 112. ISBN978-1-107-72906-3.
^Houchang E. Chehabi (1990). Iranian Politics and Religious Modernism: The Liberation Movement of Iran Under the Shah and Khomeini. I.B.Tauris. p. 283. ISBN1850431981.
^ abcBehrooz, Maziar (October 1994). "Factionalism in Iran under Khomeini". Middle Eastern Studies. 27 (4): 597–614. doi:10.1080/00263209108700879. JSTOR 4283464.
^Brumberg, Daniel, Reinventing Khomeini : The Struggle for Reform in Iran, University of Chicago Press, 2001, p. 134
^Nikou, Semira N. "Timeline of Iran's Political Events". United States Institute of Peace. Retrieved 27 July 2013.
^Mohammadighalehtaki, Ariabarzan (2012). Organisational Change in Political Parties in Iran after the Islamic Revolution of 1979. With Special Reference to the Islamic Republic Party (IRP) and the Islamic Iran Participation Front Party (Mosharekat) (Ph.D. thesis). Durham University. pp. 159–161.
^Mohammadighalehtaki, Ariabarzan (2012). Organisational Change in Political Parties in Iran after the Islamic Revolution of 1979. With Special Reference to the Islamic Republic Party (IRP) and the Islamic Iran Participation Front Party (Mosharekat) (Ph.D. thesis). Durham University. p. 165.
islamic, republican, party, persian, حزب, جمهوری, اسلامی, romanized, Ḥezb, jomhūrī, eslāmī, also, translated, islamic, republic, party, formed, 1979, assist, iranian, revolution, ayatollah, khomeini, their, goal, establish, theocracy, iran, disbanded, 1987, in. The Islamic Republican Party IRP Persian حزب جمهوری اسلامی romanized Ḥezb e Jomhuri e Eslami also translated Islamic Republic Party was formed in 1979 to assist the Iranian Revolution and Ayatollah Khomeini in their goal to establish theocracy in Iran It was disbanded in 1987 due to internal conflicts Islamic Republican Party حزب جمهوری اسلامیHistoric leaderRuhollah KhomeiniFoundersAli Khamenei 1 Mohammad Beheshti 1 and others Mohammad Javad Bahonar 1 Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani 1 Abdolkarim Mousavi Ardabili 1 Founded17 February 1979 1979 02 17 2 Dissolved1 June 1987 1987 06 01 2 HeadquartersTehran Iran 3 NewspaperJomhouri e Eslami 4 Paramilitary wingRevolutionary Guards 5 Trade unionWorkers HouseMembership2 5 million 1979 est 6 IdeologyKhomeinism 7 Islamism 8 Theocracy 4 9 Populism 4 Political Islam 9 Clericalism 4 Anti imperialism 4 Anti Marxism 4 Factions Planned economy 10 Free market economy 10 Radicalism 2 Pragmatism 2 Political positionBig tent 10 ReligionShia IslamElectoral allianceIslamic Coalition 1979 11 Grand Coalition 1980 12 Slogan One nation one religion one order one leader 4 Politics of IranPolitical partiesElections Contents 1 Founders and characteristics 1 1 Secretaries general 2 Causes of its dissolution 3 1983 congress 4 Allied organizations 5 Electoral history 5 1 Presidential elections 5 2 Parliamentary elections 6 See also 7 ReferencesFounders and characteristics editThe party was formed just two weeks following the revolution upon the request of Ayatollah Khomeini 13 Five cofounders of the party were Mohammad Javad Bahonar Mohammad Beheshti Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani Ali Khamenei and Abdolkarim Mousavi Ardabili 13 1 Early members of the central committee of the party in addition to founding members were Hassan Ayat Asadollah Badamchiyan Abdullah Jasbi Mir Hossein Mousavi Habibollah Askar Oladi Sayyed Mahmoud Kashani Mahdi Araghi and Ali Derakhshan 1 The party had three general secretaries Beheshti Bahonar and Khamenei 1 The party has been said to be distinguished by its strong clerical component its loyalty to Khomeini its strong animosity to the liberal political movements and its tendency to support the revolutionary organizations such as the komiteh Policies it supported included the state takeover of large capital enterprises the establishment of an Islamic cultural and university system and programs to assist the poor 14 These revolutionary ayatollahs originally used the party to form a monopoly over the post revolutionary theocratic Iranian state In its struggle with civilian opponents the party made use of its ties to the Revolutionary Guards and Hezbollah Secretaries general edit Name Tenure Ref Mohammad Beheshti 1979 1981 1 Mohammad Javad Bahonar 1981 1 Ali Khamenei 1981 1987 1 Causes of its dissolution edit nbsp Ali Khamenei at the party s office in Qom 1983 In the late 1980s factionalism in the IRP intensified the major issues being the Iran Iraq War whether to open up to foreign countries or remain isolated and economic policies Because all rival parties had been banned the party did almost nothing and had little incentive to 15 According to Ahmad Mneisi While unanimous on the idea of a theological state and united under the umbrella of one party the Islamic Republican Party IRP the religious right differed on a number of issues such as the extent to which religion is to take hold of political life the Velayat e Faqih debate 16 Daniel Brumberg argued that it was in response to the dispute between president Ali Khamenei and popular prime Minister Mir Hossein Mousavi that the IRP was dissolved the Islamic Republican Party served as a stronghold of radical activism supporting Mousavi 17 However another report states that it was dissolved in May 1987 due to internal conflicts 1 18 And the party was disbanded upon joint proposal of Rafsanjani and then party leader Khameini on 2 May 1987 when their proposal was endorsed by Ayatollah Khomeini 13 1983 congress editThe party held its first congress in May 1983 and the members elected the 30 members central council as follows 19 Member faction Votes 1 Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani R 647 2 Ali Khamenei R 646 3 Mohammad Mehdi Rabbani Amlashi R 637 4 Mohammad Ali Movahedi Kermani R 634 5 Ali Akbar Velayati R 624 6 Abbas Vaez Tabasi R 623 7 Ali Akbar Nategh Nouri R 612 8 Ali Akbar Parvaresh R 589 9 Abbas Sheibani R 579 10 Mohamma Reza Beheshti L 578 11 Ghorbanali Dorri Najafabadi R 574 12 Masih Mohajeri L 570 13 Hassan Ghafourifard R 550 14 Mir Hossein Mousavi L 554 15 Habibollah Asgaroladi R 542 Member faction Votes 16 Mohsen Doagou Feizabaadi R 500 17 Abolghasem Sarhaddizadeh L 499 18 Gholamhossein Sharifkhani 460 19 Mohammad Reza Bahonar R 453 20 Asadollah Lajevardi R 430 21 Asadollah Badamchian R 428 22 Javad Mansouri L 414 23 Reza Zavare i R 410 24 Abdollah Jassbi R 375 25 Morteza Nabavi R 372 26 Saeed Amani R 310 27 Mohieddin Fazel Harandi R 276 28 Mostafa Mir Salim R 260 29 Mohammad Hossein Asgharnia 231 30 Javad Eje i L 223Allied organizations editThe following organizations formed an alliance with the party 20 Mojahedin of the Islamic Revolution Organization Islamic Coalition Party Combatant Clergy Association Worker HouseElectoral history editPresidential elections edit Election Main candidate Votes Result 1980 Hassan Habibi 674 859 3 35 3rd 1981 July Mohammad Ali Rajai 12 779 050 87 69 1st 1981 October Ali Khamenei 16 007 072 95 01 1st 1985 Ali Khamenei 12 203 870 87 90 1st Parliamentary elections edit Election Party leader Seats Position 1980 Mohammad Beheshti 85 270 1st 1984 Ali Khamenei 130 270 nbsp 45 1stSee also editList of largest political partiesReferences edit a b c d e f g h i j k l Asayesh Hossein Adlina Ab Halim Jayum A Jawan Seyedeh Nosrat Shojaei March 2011 Political Party in Islamic Republic of Iran A Review Journal of Politics and Law 4 1 doi 10 5539 jpl v4n1p221 Retrieved 29 July 2013 a b c d John H Lorentz 2010 Islamic Republican Party IRP The A to Z of Iran The A to Z Guide Series Vol 209 Scarecrow Press pp 143 144 ISBN 978 1461731917 Rubin Barry M Rubin Judith Colp 2008 The Iranian Revolution and The War in Afghanistan Chronologies of Modern Terrorism M E Sharpe p 246 ISBN 9780765622068 In Tehran Iran a bomb set by the Mujahideen e Khalq MEK a leftist group with a philosophy combining Marxism and Islam explodes at the headquarters of the ruling Islamic Republican Party killing 73 people including the party s founder chief justice Ayatollah Mohammad Beheshti four cabinet ministers and 23 parliament members a b c d e f g Ervand Abrahamian 1989 Radical Islam the Iranian Mojahedin I B Tauris pp 42 45 ISBN 9781850430773 Said Amir Arjomand 1988 The Turban for the Crown The Islamic Revolution in Iran Studies in Middle Eastern history Oxford University Press p 136 ISBN 9780195042580 New Iran bursting with mass politics Detroit Free Press 20 June 1979 p 28 M Nasif Sharani 2013 Esposito John L Shahin Emad El Din eds The Oxford Handbook of Islam and Politics Oxford University Press p 196 ISBN 9780195395891 Ghorashi Halleh 2002 Ways to survive battles to win Iranian women exiles in the Netherlands and United States Nova Publishers p 63 ISBN 978 1 59033 552 9 a b Abrahamian Khomeinism 1993 p 33 36 a b c Antoine Olivier Sfeir Roy 2007 The Columbia World Dictionary of Islamism Columbia University Press p 150 Adib Moghaddam Arshin 2014 A Critical Introduction to Khomeini Cambridge University Press p 112 ISBN 978 1 107 72906 3 Houchang E Chehabi 1990 Iranian Politics and Religious Modernism The Liberation Movement of Iran Under the Shah and Khomeini I B Tauris p 283 ISBN 1850431981 a b c Behrooz Maziar October 1994 Factionalism in Iran under Khomeini Middle Eastern Studies 27 4 597 614 doi 10 1080 00263209108700879 JSTOR 4283464 Bakhash Reign of the Ayatollahs 1984 p 67 Keddie Nikkie Modern Iran 2003 pp 259 60 Mneisi Ahmad 2004 The Power shift within Iran s right wing Ahram 5 July 2004 Brumberg Daniel Reinventing Khomeini The Struggle for Reform in Iran University of Chicago Press 2001 p 134 Nikou Semira N Timeline of Iran s Political Events United States Institute of Peace Retrieved 27 July 2013 Mohammadighalehtaki Ariabarzan 2012 Organisational Change in Political Parties in Iran after the Islamic Revolution of 1979 With Special Reference to the Islamic Republic Party IRP and the Islamic Iran Participation Front Party Mosharekat Ph D thesis Durham University pp 159 161 Mohammadighalehtaki Ariabarzan 2012 Organisational Change in Political Parties in Iran after the Islamic Revolution of 1979 With Special Reference to the Islamic Republic Party IRP and the Islamic Iran Participation Front Party Mosharekat Ph D thesis Durham University p 165 Ruling party of Iran VacantTitle last held byResurgence Party Islamic Republican Party1981 1987 Vacant Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Islamic Republican Party amp oldid 1190773067, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
