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Index of Repudiated Books

March 03, 2023

The Index of Repudiated Books. - In the Slavic written tradition, a list (bibliography) of works forbidden to be read by the Christian Church. The works included in this list are renounced (rejected, stripped of authority, obsolete. renounced , and forbidden), apocrypha , as opposed to canon . The Slavonic lists are translations of the Byzantine original. In Russia they have been known since the eleventh century. The article "Theologian from Words" as part of Svyatoslav's Izbornik of 1073, which contains an index of the renounced books, is considered the first Russian bibliographic monument.[1][2] The Index of Repudiated Books is considered the orthodox counterpart to the Catholic Index Librorum Prohibitorum.

Index of Repudiated Books
Council of Laodicea canon 59 (from the 14th century);

Rule of the Council of Chalcedon on uncorrected books (since the second half of the 15th century);

From the apostolic commandments, the rules of the holy fathers 318, those in Nicaea (from the 15th century), etc.
List (manuscript) of the 15th century
Author(s)possibly Athanasius of Alexandria , Isidore (possibly Isidore of Pelusium), Anastasius Sinaita
LanguageOld Church Slavonic
Datefrom the 11th century
Manuscript(s)XIV-XVIII centuries
Subjectlist of works forbidden to be read by the Christian Church - Apocrypha

Textology and History

The process of the development of the lists of the repudiated books is closely connected with the history of Christian literacy in general and with the canonization of religious texts. In different periods of history and in different milieus the term "apocrypha" has had different meanings and different works have been considered apocryphal.

The oldest Slavonic index of the renounced books, translated, is included in the Izbornik of Svyatoslav in 1073.[3] and its copies (manuscripts) of the XV-XVIII centuries, in which it is included in the article "Theologian from the words",[4] or lists (manuscripts) dating back to the defective protograph,[5] in which the list without a special title and beginning is attached to the previous article "The same John about the renounced books.

The article "Theologian from Words" is considered the first Russian bibliographical monument. The authorship of the article is attributed to Gregory the Theologian, but probably belongs to Anastasius Sinaitus. The article is included in most Russian copies (manuscripts) of the Izbornik of the fifteenth and eighteenth centuries. The "hidden" books are indicated at the end of the article. The list of books contains a reference to the prohibition of eretic books by Athanasius of Alexandria and to the author of the list of false books by Isidore (possibly Isidore of Pelusiot). Anastasius Sinaiticus, among whose writings the list is sometimes placed, is also assumed to be the author of this list.

A second, also translated list is contained in the Tacticon Nikon of the Black Mountain of the eleventh century, in which it is included in the second part of word XIII. It is based on the same list of Athanasius Isidor as in the Izbornik of 1073, supplemented by sources not named by the author. The apocryphal Revelation of John (Apocalypse of John) and works attributed to the apostles Andrew and Foma are first included. These two names are included based on indications in John Damascene's work On Heresies, as evidenced by the reference in the Tacticon. The index of this type has survived in a number of Russian, Serbian and bulgarian copies (manuscripts), beginning in the first half of the 14th century.

The Slavonic index in Russian manuscripts is known in Nomocanons. The first list of Slavonic origin is considered to be the index included in pergamen the collection of the charter character - "Pogodinsky Nomocanon" of the XIV century.[6] This list for the first time includes in the titles of the works of a Slavic author, the compilation "Tale of the Cross Tree" by the Bulgarian priest Jeremiah, whose circle of works is established on the basis of the indications of this index and in part on the basis of Athanasius' "Epistle to Pank on the Cross Tree", the earliest copy (manuscript) of which is included in the Novgorod Kormchaia of 1280.[7]

The Slavonic index is included in collections of permanent composition - the Church Statutes, Tribes, the Kormchaya, in relatively permanent composition - the "Golden Chain", "Izmaragd" and others, and in a large number of collections of non-permanent composition, such as the even collections compiled by Efrosin the scribe of the late 15th century.[8] In most of the manuscript books of permanent composition, such as the Kormchaya, Ustav, etc. (with the exception of the Izbornik of 1073 and the Tacticon), the presence or absence of lists of abridged books does not depend on the edition of these books.

The sixteenth-century manuscript[9] reflects a special edition of the Slavonic index, Metropolitan Zosima's Tale of the Denied Books..[1][2].

Composition

The original translated Byzantine list was intended to separate canonical sacred books from non-canonical, "falsely written" ones. According to the observations of N. A. Kobiak, already in the eleventh century the list did not reflect the repertoire of the apocrypha of Slavonic literature. In the 1073 Izbornik and its lists (manuscripts) 29 names of apocryphal works are named. Of these in Old Church Slavonic and Old Russian literature (XI - middle of XVII century) in translations and remakes was known not more than 9:

In Slavonic bookwork the lists are considerably expanded to include works by Slavic authors. The Slavonic index proper consists of two parts.

The first, probably of South Slavic origin, includes the Old and New Testament Apocrypha, as well as works related to heretical movements, including Bogomilism:

  • From the fourteenth century the articles "On the Tree of the Cross" and "On Our Lord Jesus Christ, How He Was Raised as a Priest" are included.[10] The Bulgarian priest Jeremiah (erroneously called Bogomil in manuscripts from the middle of the fifteenth century onward);
  • from the first quarter of the fifteenth century - "As Christ yelled with the plow";[11]
  • from the end of the first quarter of the fifteenth century[12] — «Apocalypse of Pseudo-Methodius», which is related to the spread of eschatological sentiments in connection with the approaching 7000 year from the creation of the world (1492);
  • At the turn of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries - "That the King called Christ a friend».[13]

The second part, which probably originated in Russia, is a list of so-called "heretical" books:

  • some works of "natural science" theme;
  • fortune-telling and charodean books - "Charovnik", "Volhovnik", "Hromnik", etc.
  • names of some superstitious customs, not related to certain texts: for example, the custom of wearing around the neck a list of "Avgarev epistle" as amulet, writing the names of diseases on apples in order to "take away porcation", etc.

As a rule, the Slavonic index proper is accompanied in manuscripts by various translated lists of true and false books.

There are more than 30 variants of the index titles in the manuscripts, most of which attribute it to the rules of various councils: "Laodicean Council rule 59" (from the fourteenth century), "Rule Chalcedon on defective books" (from the second half of the fifteenth century) "From the Apostolic Commandments, Rule of the Holy Fathers 318, and in Nicaea" (from the fifteenth century) and others. As a rule, under one title a manuscript contains several articles: a list of true Old Testament and New Testament, a list of false books such as the one contained in the Tacticon of Nikon the Montenegrin or Izbornik of 1073, a list of false books of a different, more extensive composition, a list of "heretical" books.[14]


One observes the familiarity of the compilers or copyists of the index with many of the books named in it. The names of the apocrypha in the lists, as a rule, correspond to the names of these works in manuscripts. To the greatest extent the familiarity of Russian scribes with forbidden works is evidenced by the characteristics of the books and comments to their titles, which were given by the compiler of the index. Thus, Mefodiy Patarsky is mentioned as a forbidden author in the lists from the end of the first quarter of the 15th century. Some lists also name his specific work ("Revelation") and give a detailed commentary: "The word from the beginning to the end, in it is written Munt son of Noah and the three years of the earth burning, and that kings were sealed by Alexander the Great. Gog and Magog".[15] Istrin noted that such a commentary could have arisen only under the influence of the full revision of the Revelation, compiled in Rus' in the fifteenth century.[16] In a late fifteenth- and early sixteenth-century list[17] his reader, the elder Paisius, adds the following comment to the title "Moses' Rising": "...that Moses reigned over srats and that he plucked a club from his father-in-law by Raguel in the fence".

Despite the fact that in some cases readers correlated the titles in the index with specific apocrypha, the indexes could not stop the penetration to Russia of apocryphal literature from Byzantium and the South Slavic countries. Some monuments included in the index were widely disseminated, for example, "The Lady's Walk in Troubles", "The Conversation of the Three Saints").

A considerable number of books named in the indexes were known in Russia only by name, such as the Old Testament Apocrypha, such as the Prayer of Joseph, the Revelation of Elijah, Eldad and Modad, Psalms Solomon. Others, primarily fortune-telling books, such as the Charovnik and the Volhovnik, have not survived or have not been found.

The instructions of the list may have been contradictory. Thus, prohibiting stories about Moses in the collections, they allowed reading the same stories in the Paleia: "The Exodus of Moses, the heretics folded crookedly, except the Paleia",[18] which was considered a "true" book.


In a number of copies (manuscripts) of the index the name of the old apocrypha could be replaced by another work, with the same protagonist, but more appropriate to the tastes of the era. For example, at the end of the sixteenth century and the first half of the seventeenth century "The Lady's Way through Troubles", which had been represented in the index since the fourteenth century, was replaced by "The Virgin's Deed".[19], followed by "Our Lady's Dream".[20].


In the later period the lists expand by including the titles of a number of new works. These additions indicate a significant expansion of the repertoire of Russian extra-church literature, which the indexes and similar monuments tried to overcome. At the end of the first third of the seventeenth century, shortly after its appearance, the title satirical of the story "About the Reaper and about Akir" is included in the index.[21] However, the indexes did not fully achieve their goal. The futility of the struggle of the indexes against forbidden literature is evidenced by the even collections of the late fifteenth-century scribe Euphrosine. Two of his collections include indexes.[22] However, in the same collections Euphrosyne placed a number of monuments included by these indices as "false" and "denied": "On the Hierarchy of Christ", extracts from the "Conversation of the Three Saints", "First Gospel of James", "Revelation of Ezra", "On the Good and Evil Hours", several versions of "fables" about Solomon and Cytocrates. In other collections of Euphrosine[23] read an even greater number of apocryphal texts that were banned in lists, including apocryphal prayers and incantations, as well as extracts from "Hromnik" and "Kolyadnik", considered not just banned, but "heretical" books. Meanwhile, Euphrosyne was aware of the "unrighteousness" of such texts, since he placed the apocryphal "Tale of the Twelve Fridays",[24] He wrote: "Do not honor this in the collection, nor manifest it to many.


Nevertheless, the indexes of the renunciated books were popular and have survived in a large number of folios (manuscripts).

The Stoglav Synod of 1551, under pain of excommunication, forbade keeping and reading books of divination, calendar-astronomical and astrological content, translated ones: "Rafli", "Six-winged", "Voronograeus", "Ostromius", "Zodeus", "Almanac", "Stargazers", "Aristotelian", "Aristotelian Gates", etc.[25] The same kind of prohibition is contained in "Domostroy," where some of the books named are listed in common with various superstitions and divinations.

In spite of this, the Aristotelian Gates ("Secret Secretorum") and the Sixfold were fully or partially included in manuscripts of ecclesiastical content.[26] The renegade divination literature was of interest to Ivan the Terrible.[27][28]

Evidence of the interest in indexes and their relevance is the appearance of the first printed text of the index in the Moscow edition of the Kirill Book of 1644.

Historiography

A number of scholars have suggested a connection between the "Tale of the Denied Books" of Metropolitan Zosima and the struggle with the so-called "the Judaizers", which was waged by this metropolitan. The "Tale" mentions a "cathedral" which, having "searched", purged the church of "heretics". A. S. Pavlov supposed that it was about Council of 1490, and in the mention of "worldly composed psalms" he saw an indication of Psalter, translated in the second half of the 15th century by Jew Theodore. However, as N. A. Kobiak notes, the text about the council against "heretics" in Zosima's "Tale" is an exact repetition of a similar text from Danila Mamyrev's collection of the mid-15th century,[29] and in a more general form the mention of the councils already entered the list of the fourteenth century and refers to the Council of Laodicea of the fourth century. "Composed Secular Psalms" were also mentioned already in the rules of the Council of Laodicea. In the index they first appear at the turn of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries[30] and, as a rule, are accompanied by a listing of 2-4 names of the psalms themselves. The same applies to the works, the appearance of which is traditionally associated with the "heresy of the Judaizers" - Shestokryl, Logica, Cosmography. According to N. S. Tikhonravov, after the defeat of the "Judaizers" they were included in the index of false books. However, the above works are not named in any index. As Kobiak showed, "The Tale of the Denied Books" goes back to the index included in the Prayer Book of Metropolitan Kyprian. Its earliest list (manuscript) is from the 50-60s of the fifteenth century[31]

See Also

References

  1. ^ a b Кобяк Н. А. Списки отреченных книг // Словарь книжников и книжности Древней Руси : [в 4 вып.] / Рос. акад. наук, Ин-т рус. лит. (Пушкинский Дом) ; отв. ред. Д. С. Лихачёв [и др.]. Л. : Наука, 1987—2017. Вып. 1 : XI — первая половина XIV в. / ред. Д. М. Буланин, О. В. Творогов. — 1987. — С. 441—447.
  2. ^ a b Книг отреченных список // Православная энциклопедия. — Москва, 2014. — Т. XXXVI : «Клотильда — Константин». — С. 76—77. — 752 с. — 29 000 экз. — ISBN 978-5-89572-041-7.
  3. ^ ГИМ, Синод. собр., No. 31Д, л. 253—254.
  4. ^ Списки (рукописи): ГИМ, Синод. собр., No. 275, собр. Барсова, No. 309; РНБ, Кир.-Белоз. собр., No. 75/1152, 5/1082; РГБ, Волок. собр., No. 496.
  5. ^ БАН, 33.8.15; ГИМ, собр. Уварова, No. 757, Единовер. No. 34; РГБ, собр. Овчинникова, No. 108, собр. Егорова, No. 745.
  6. ^ РНБ, собр. Погодина, No. 31, л. 187—190; аналогичные списки (рукописи) индекса: РГБ, Волок. собр., No. 463, 60-е гг. XIV в. + кон. XIV — нач. XV в., л. 251—251 об.; No. 530, ок. 1550-1560 гг., л. 370 об.—379.
  7. ^ ГИМ, Синод. собр., No. 132.
  8. ^ РНБ, Кир.-Белоз. собр., No. 22/1099, Л. 39 об. — 42, 50—70-е гг. XV в.; No. 53/1130, Л. 548—552 об., 1492 г.
  9. ^ ГИМ, Синод. собр., No. 853.
  10. ^ РНБ, собр. Погодина, No. 31.
  11. ^ РНБ, Соф. собр., No. 1264.
  12. ^ РГБ, собр. Тр.-Серг. лавры, No. 704.
  13. ^ РГБ, собр. Попова, No. 110.
  14. ^ Например: РНБ, Кир.-Белоз. собр., No. 10/1087, сер. XV в.; No. 22/1099, 50—70-е гг. XV в.; No. 53/1130, 1492 г.
  15. ^ РНБ, Солов. собр., No. 913/1023, сер. XVI в.
  16. ^ Истрин В. М. Откровение Мефодия Патарского и Апокрифическое видение Даниила в византийской и славяно-русской литературе. М., 1897. С. 7, 175—232.
  17. ^ РНБ, Кир.-Белоз. собр., No. 275/532.
  18. ^ РНБ, 0.I.506, кон. XVI в.
  19. ^ РНБ, F.1.99, F.I.864.
  20. ^ ГИМ, собр. Забелина, No. 443, нач. XVII в.
  21. ^ РГБ, собр. Румянц., No. 362.
  22. ^ РНБ, Кир.-Белоз. собр., No. 22/1099, л. 39 об.—42; 53/1130, л. 548—552 об.
  23. ^ РНБ, Кир.-Белоз. собр., No. 9/1086, 6/1083, 11/1088.
  24. ^ РНБ, Кир.-Белоз. собр., No. 11/1088, л. 234 об.
  25. ^ Емченко Е. Б. Стоглав: Исслед. и текст. М., 2000. С. 312—313.
  26. ^ РНБ, Солов. собр., No. 919 (1029), кон. XV — нач. XVI в.; Геннадиевская Библия.
  27. ^ Буланин Д. М. Тайная Тайных // Словарь книжников и книжности Древней Руси : [в 4 вып.] / Рос. акад. наук, Ин-т рус. лит. (Пушкинский Дом); отв. ред. Д. С. Лихачёв [и др.]. Л. : Наука, 1987—2017. Вып. 2 : Вторая половина XIV—XVI в., ч. 2 : Л—Я / ред. Д. М. Буланин, Г. М. Прохоров. 1989. С. 427—430.
  28. ^ Турилов А. А., Чернецов А. В. Отреченная книга Рафли // Труды Отдела древнерусской литературы. 1985. Т. 40. С. 260—289.
  29. ^ РГБ, Волок. собр., No. 13.
  30. ^ РНБ, собр. Вяземского, Q.55.
  31. ^ ГИМ, Чуд. 269.
  32. ^ "РПЦ опубликовала каталог нежелательных книг". Российская газета (in Russian). Retrieved 2022-04-24.

Links

  • От правил св. Апостол о книгах, их же чести и внимати и их же не вънимати, ни чести. Нач. Не достоить мирскых съставленых псалмов глаголати в церкви, ни почитати неисправленых книг. Л. 440 об. // Рукопись No. 704. (1821). Патерик скитский с прибавлениями, полууст., в два столбца, ХV века, в лист, 455 л. Фонд 304.I. Главное собрание библиотеки Троице-Сергиевой лавры. Полный текст списка.

March 03, 2023
index, repudiated, books, slavic, written, tradition, list, bibliography, works, forbidden, read, christian, church, works, included, this, list, renounced, rejected, stripped, authority, obsolete, renounced, forbidden, apocrypha, opposed, canon, slavonic, lis. The Index of Repudiated Books In the Slavic written tradition a list bibliography of works forbidden to be read by the Christian Church The works included in this list are renounced rejected stripped of authority obsolete renounced and forbidden apocrypha as opposed to canon The Slavonic lists are translations of the Byzantine original In Russia they have been known since the eleventh century The article Theologian from Words as part of Svyatoslav s Izbornik of 1073 which contains an index of the renounced books is considered the first Russian bibliographic monument 1 2 The Index of Repudiated Books is considered the orthodox counterpart to the Catholic Index Librorum Prohibitorum Index of Repudiated BooksCouncil of Laodicea canon 59 from the 14th century Rule of the Council of Chalcedon on uncorrected books since the second half of the 15th century From the apostolic commandments the rules of the holy fathers 318 those in Nicaea from the 15th century etc List manuscript of the 15th centuryAuthor s possibly Athanasius of Alexandria Isidore possibly Isidore of Pelusium Anastasius SinaitaLanguageOld Church SlavonicDatefrom the 11th centuryManuscript s XIV XVIII centuriesSubjectlist of works forbidden to be read by the Christian Church Apocrypha Contents 1 Textology and History 2 Composition 3 Historiography 4 See Also 5 References 6 LinksTextology and History EditThe process of the development of the lists of the repudiated books is closely connected with the history of Christian literacy in general and with the canonization of religious texts In different periods of history and in different milieus the term apocrypha has had different meanings and different works have been considered apocryphal The oldest Slavonic index of the renounced books translated is included in the Izbornik of Svyatoslav in 1073 3 and its copies manuscripts of the XV XVIII centuries in which it is included in the article Theologian from the words 4 or lists manuscripts dating back to the defective protograph 5 in which the list without a special title and beginning is attached to the previous article The same John about the renounced books The article Theologian from Words is considered the first Russian bibliographical monument The authorship of the article is attributed to Gregory the Theologian but probably belongs to Anastasius Sinaitus The article is included in most Russian copies manuscripts of the Izbornik of the fifteenth and eighteenth centuries The hidden books are indicated at the end of the article The list of books contains a reference to the prohibition of eretic books by Athanasius of Alexandria and to the author of the list of false books by Isidore possibly Isidore of Pelusiot Anastasius Sinaiticus among whose writings the list is sometimes placed is also assumed to be the author of this list A second also translated list is contained in the Tacticon Nikon of the Black Mountain of the eleventh century in which it is included in the second part of word XIII It is based on the same list of Athanasius Isidor as in the Izbornik of 1073 supplemented by sources not named by the author The apocryphal Revelation of John Apocalypse of John and works attributed to the apostles Andrew and Foma are first included These two names are included based on indications in John Damascene s work On Heresies as evidenced by the reference in the Tacticon The index of this type has survived in a number of Russian Serbian and bulgarian copies manuscripts beginning in the first half of the 14th century The Slavonic index in Russian manuscripts is known in Nomocanons The first list of Slavonic origin is considered to be the index included in pergamen the collection of the charter character Pogodinsky Nomocanon of the XIV century 6 This list for the first time includes in the titles of the works of a Slavic author the compilation Tale of the Cross Tree by the Bulgarian priest Jeremiah whose circle of works is established on the basis of the indications of this index and in part on the basis of Athanasius Epistle to Pank on the Cross Tree the earliest copy manuscript of which is included in the Novgorod Kormchaia of 1280 7 The Slavonic index is included in collections of permanent composition the Church Statutes Tribes the Kormchaya in relatively permanent composition the Golden Chain Izmaragd and others and in a large number of collections of non permanent composition such as the even collections compiled by Efrosin the scribe of the late 15th century 8 In most of the manuscript books of permanent composition such as the Kormchaya Ustav etc with the exception of the Izbornik of 1073 and the Tacticon the presence or absence of lists of abridged books does not depend on the edition of these books The sixteenth century manuscript 9 reflects a special edition of the Slavonic index Metropolitan Zosima s Tale of the Denied Books 1 2 Composition EditThe original translated Byzantine list was intended to separate canonical sacred books from non canonical falsely written ones According to the observations of N A Kobiak already in the eleventh century the list did not reflect the repertoire of the apocrypha of Slavonic literature In the 1073 Izbornik and its lists manuscripts 29 names of apocryphal works are named Of these in Old Church Slavonic and Old Russian literature XI middle of XVII century in translations and remakes was known not more than 9 Adam or Adam Covenant renamed Apocalypse of Moses The Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs Isaiah s Vision The Gospel of James Peter s Oblation The Apocalypse of the Apostles The Apocalypse of Paul The doctrine of Clement The Asenephas In Slavonic bookwork the lists are considerably expanded to include works by Slavic authors The Slavonic index proper consists of two parts The first probably of South Slavic origin includes the Old and New Testament Apocrypha as well as works related to heretical movements including Bogomilism From the fourteenth century the articles On the Tree of the Cross and On Our Lord Jesus Christ How He Was Raised as a Priest are included 10 The Bulgarian priest Jeremiah erroneously called Bogomil in manuscripts from the middle of the fifteenth century onward from the first quarter of the fifteenth century As Christ yelled with the plow 11 from the end of the first quarter of the fifteenth century 12 Apocalypse of Pseudo Methodius which is related to the spread of eschatological sentiments in connection with the approaching 7000 year from the creation of the world 1492 At the turn of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries That the King called Christ a friend 13 The second part which probably originated in Russia is a list of so called heretical books some works of natural science theme fortune telling and charodean books Charovnik Volhovnik Hromnik etc names of some superstitious customs not related to certain texts for example the custom of wearing around the neck a list of Avgarev epistle as amulet writing the names of diseases on apples in order to take away porcation etc As a rule the Slavonic index proper is accompanied in manuscripts by various translated lists of true and false books There are more than 30 variants of the index titles in the manuscripts most of which attribute it to the rules of various councils Laodicean Council rule 59 from the fourteenth century Rule Chalcedon on defective books from the second half of the fifteenth century From the Apostolic Commandments Rule of the Holy Fathers 318 and in Nicaea from the fifteenth century and others As a rule under one title a manuscript contains several articles a list of true Old Testament and New Testament a list of false books such as the one contained in the Tacticon of Nikon the Montenegrin or Izbornik of 1073 a list of false books of a different more extensive composition a list of heretical books 14 One observes the familiarity of the compilers or copyists of the index with many of the books named in it The names of the apocrypha in the lists as a rule correspond to the names of these works in manuscripts To the greatest extent the familiarity of Russian scribes with forbidden works is evidenced by the characteristics of the books and comments to their titles which were given by the compiler of the index Thus Mefodiy Patarsky is mentioned as a forbidden author in the lists from the end of the first quarter of the 15th century Some lists also name his specific work Revelation and give a detailed commentary The word from the beginning to the end in it is written Munt son of Noah and the three years of the earth burning and that kings were sealed by Alexander the Great Gog and Magog 15 Istrin noted that such a commentary could have arisen only under the influence of the full revision of the Revelation compiled in Rus in the fifteenth century 16 In a late fifteenth and early sixteenth century list 17 his reader the elder Paisius adds the following comment to the title Moses Rising that Moses reigned over srats and that he plucked a club from his father in law by Raguel in the fence Despite the fact that in some cases readers correlated the titles in the index with specific apocrypha the indexes could not stop the penetration to Russia of apocryphal literature from Byzantium and the South Slavic countries Some monuments included in the index were widely disseminated for example The Lady s Walk in Troubles The Conversation of the Three Saints A considerable number of books named in the indexes were known in Russia only by name such as the Old Testament Apocrypha such as the Prayer of Joseph the Revelation of Elijah Eldad and Modad Psalms Solomon Others primarily fortune telling books such as the Charovnik and the Volhovnik have not survived or have not been found The instructions of the list may have been contradictory Thus prohibiting stories about Moses in the collections they allowed reading the same stories in the Paleia The Exodus of Moses the heretics folded crookedly except the Paleia 18 which was considered a true book In a number of copies manuscripts of the index the name of the old apocrypha could be replaced by another work with the same protagonist but more appropriate to the tastes of the era For example at the end of the sixteenth century and the first half of the seventeenth century The Lady s Way through Troubles which had been represented in the index since the fourteenth century was replaced by The Virgin s Deed 19 followed by Our Lady s Dream 20 In the later period the lists expand by including the titles of a number of new works These additions indicate a significant expansion of the repertoire of Russian extra church literature which the indexes and similar monuments tried to overcome At the end of the first third of the seventeenth century shortly after its appearance the title satirical of the story About the Reaper and about Akir is included in the index 21 However the indexes did not fully achieve their goal The futility of the struggle of the indexes against forbidden literature is evidenced by the even collections of the late fifteenth century scribe Euphrosine Two of his collections include indexes 22 However in the same collections Euphrosyne placed a number of monuments included by these indices as false and denied On the Hierarchy of Christ extracts from the Conversation of the Three Saints First Gospel of James Revelation of Ezra On the Good and Evil Hours several versions of fables about Solomon and Cytocrates In other collections of Euphrosine 23 read an even greater number of apocryphal texts that were banned in lists including apocryphal prayers and incantations as well as extracts from Hromnik and Kolyadnik considered not just banned but heretical books Meanwhile Euphrosyne was aware of the unrighteousness of such texts since he placed the apocryphal Tale of the Twelve Fridays 24 He wrote Do not honor this in the collection nor manifest it to many Nevertheless the indexes of the renunciated books were popular and have survived in a large number of folios manuscripts The Stoglav Synod of 1551 under pain of excommunication forbade keeping and reading books of divination calendar astronomical and astrological content translated ones Rafli Six winged Voronograeus Ostromius Zodeus Almanac Stargazers Aristotelian Aristotelian Gates etc 25 The same kind of prohibition is contained in Domostroy where some of the books named are listed in common with various superstitions and divinations In spite of this the Aristotelian Gates Secret Secretorum and the Sixfold were fully or partially included in manuscripts of ecclesiastical content 26 The renegade divination literature was of interest to Ivan the Terrible 27 28 Evidence of the interest in indexes and their relevance is the appearance of the first printed text of the index in the Moscow edition of the Kirill Book of 1644 Historiography EditA number of scholars have suggested a connection between the Tale of the Denied Books of Metropolitan Zosima and the struggle with the so called the Judaizers which was waged by this metropolitan The Tale mentions a cathedral which having searched purged the church of heretics A S Pavlov supposed that it was about Council of 1490 and in the mention of worldly composed psalms he saw an indication of Psalter translated in the second half of the 15th century by Jew Theodore However as N A Kobiak notes the text about the council against heretics in Zosima s Tale is an exact repetition of a similar text from Danila Mamyrev s collection of the mid 15th century 29 and in a more general form the mention of the councils already entered the list of the fourteenth century and refers to the Council of Laodicea of the fourth century Composed Secular Psalms were also mentioned already in the rules of the Council of Laodicea In the index they first appear at the turn of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries 30 and as a rule are accompanied by a listing of 2 4 names of the psalms themselves The same applies to the works the appearance of which is traditionally associated with the heresy of the Judaizers Shestokryl Logica Cosmography According to N S Tikhonravov after the defeat of the Judaizers they were included in the index of false books However the above works are not named in any index As Kobiak showed The Tale of the Denied Books goes back to the index included in the Prayer Book of Metropolitan Kyprian Its earliest list manuscript is from the 50 60s of the fifteenth century 31 See Also EditIndex Librorum Prohibitorum Censorship Spetskhran Federal List of Extremist Materials Publications not recommended for distribution through the system of the church diocesan parish or monastery book network Publishing Council of the Moscow Patriarchate Russian Orthodox Church 32 References Edit a b Kobyak N A Spiski otrechennyh knig Slovar knizhnikov i knizhnosti Drevnej Rusi v 4 vyp Ros akad nauk In t rus lit Pushkinskij Dom otv red D S Lihachyov i dr L Nauka 1987 2017 Vyp 1 XI pervaya polovina XIV v red D M Bulanin O V Tvorogov 1987 S 441 447 a b Knig otrechennyh spisok Pravoslavnaya enciklopediya Moskva 2014 T XXXVI Klotilda Konstantin S 76 77 752 s 29 000 ekz ISBN 978 5 89572 041 7 GIM Sinod sobr No 31D l 253 254 Spiski rukopisi GIM Sinod sobr No 275 sobr Barsova No 309 RNB Kir Beloz sobr No 75 1152 5 1082 RGB Volok sobr No 496 BAN 33 8 15 GIM sobr Uvarova No 757 Edinover No 34 RGB sobr Ovchinnikova No 108 sobr Egorova No 745 RNB sobr Pogodina No 31 l 187 190 analogichnye spiski rukopisi indeksa RGB Volok sobr No 463 60 e gg XIV v kon XIV nach XV v l 251 251 ob No 530 ok 1550 1560 gg l 370 ob 379 GIM Sinod sobr No 132 RNB Kir Beloz sobr No 22 1099 L 39 ob 42 50 70 e gg XV v No 53 1130 L 548 552 ob 1492 g GIM Sinod sobr No 853 RNB sobr Pogodina No 31 RNB Sof sobr No 1264 RGB sobr Tr Serg lavry No 704 RGB sobr Popova No 110 Naprimer RNB Kir Beloz sobr No 10 1087 ser XV v No 22 1099 50 70 e gg XV v No 53 1130 1492 g RNB Solov sobr No 913 1023 ser XVI v Istrin V M Otkrovenie Mefodiya Patarskogo i Apokrificheskoe videnie Daniila v vizantijskoj i slavyano russkoj literature M 1897 S 7 175 232 RNB Kir Beloz sobr No 275 532 RNB 0 I 506 kon XVI v RNB F 1 99 F I 864 GIM sobr Zabelina No 443 nach XVII v RGB sobr Rumyanc No 362 RNB Kir Beloz sobr No 22 1099 l 39 ob 42 53 1130 l 548 552 ob RNB Kir Beloz sobr No 9 1086 6 1083 11 1088 RNB Kir Beloz sobr No 11 1088 l 234 ob Emchenko E B Stoglav Issled i tekst M 2000 S 312 313 RNB Solov sobr No 919 1029 kon XV nach XVI v Gennadievskaya Bibliya Bulanin D M Tajnaya Tajnyh Slovar knizhnikov i knizhnosti Drevnej Rusi v 4 vyp Ros akad nauk In t rus lit Pushkinskij Dom otv red D S Lihachyov i dr L Nauka 1987 2017 Vyp 2 Vtoraya polovina XIV XVI v ch 2 L Ya red D M Bulanin G M Prohorov 1989 S 427 430 Turilov A A Chernecov A V Otrechennaya kniga Rafli Trudy Otdela drevnerusskoj literatury 1985 T 40 S 260 289 RGB Volok sobr No 13 RNB sobr Vyazemskogo Q 55 GIM Chud 269 RPC opublikovala katalog nezhelatelnyh knig Rossijskaya gazeta in Russian Retrieved 2022 04 24 Links EditOt pravil sv Apostol o knigah ih zhe chesti i vnimati i ih zhe ne vnimati ni chesti Nach Ne dostoit mirskyh sstavlenyh psalmov glagolati v cerkvi ni pochitati neispravlenyh knig L 440 ob Rukopis No 704 1821 Paterik skitskij s pribavleniyami poluust v dva stolbca HV veka v list 455 l Fond 304 I Glavnoe sobranie biblioteki Troice Sergievoj lavry Polnyj tekst spiska Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Index of Repudiated Books amp oldid 1090300383, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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