Independent circuit

"Independent promotion" redirects here. For independent record promotion, see Payola § Third-party loophole.

In professional wrestling, the independent circuit or indie circuit is the collective name of independent professional wrestling promotions which are smaller than major televised promotions. It is roughly analogous to a minor league for pro wrestling, or community or regional theatre.

Specific promotions on the independent circuit are referred to as indie promotions or indies. A wrestler is said to be in the indies or working the indies if they are wrestling in one of the independent promotions, or working the indie circuit if they are performing in different independent promotions.

Origins

The indie scene in the United States dates back to the days of regional territories. When a promoter ran opposition in even one town controlled by a National Wrestling Alliance sanctioned territory, they were often called an "outlaw" territory.^[1] This is considered by some to be a forerunner to indies since some stars of the past got their start in these low quality local rivals to the big regional territories.

The modern definition of the independent circuit came about in the middle to late 1980s and fully formed and flourished after 1990. These promotions initially sought to revive the feel of old school territorial wrestling after former territories either went national, such as WWF, went out of business, or eventually did both, such as WCW. Several indies did in fact manage to tour different towns within a region and maintain a consistent schedule.

After Vince McMahon, seeking regulatory relief, gave in 1989 testimony in front of the New Jersey State Athletic Commission^[2] where he publicly admitted pro wrestling was in fact a sports-based entertainment, rather than a true athletic competition, many state athletic commissions stopped regulating wrestling. This obviated the need for complying with many expensive requirements, such as the need for an on-site ambulance and trained emergency medical personnel at each bout. After the business was thus exposed and deregulated, just about anyone could be a promoter or a wrestler since no licensing beyond a business license was then required. Many thought they could save money by holding shows in lesser towns and smaller arenas with little to no televised exposure, leading to many shows being held only once a week or once a month in local towns.

Differences between the defunct territorial system and the current independent scene

Territories held large shows in a major town each week, with smaller shows in smaller towns throughout the region on other nights of the week. Promoters in those days could fill big arenas seating well up into the thousands, while most current indie promoters struggle to draw a few hundred people at a high school gym, small venue (such as a VFW, American Legion or church hall) or local fairground.

Wrestlers in the territories could afford to make a good living for years at a time. Territories generally also had weekly television shows on local stations in each major town which were viewable over the air in all or most of the smaller towns targeted by the promotion.

In the territory system, most wrestlers would learn the basics by setting up the ring or having a job at the arena (such as setting up, selling merchandise, or refereeing matches). They would then wrestle night after night in different small towns before debuting on the television show and eventually on the main weekly event in the promotion's focal city, and then often go to other territories to learn something new from experience. Many of today's wrestlers learn their trade in a wrestling school, but scrape by learning their craft on occasional indie bookings.

By country

United States

See also: List of independent wrestling promotions in the United States

Independent promotions are usually local in focus and, lacking national TV contracts, are much more dependent on revenue from house show attendance. Due to their lower budgets, most independent promotions offer low salaries (it is not unusual for a wrestler to work for free due to the fact most promoters can only afford to pay well-known talent). Most cannot afford to regularly rent large venues, and would not be able to attract a large enough crowd to fill such a venue were they able to do so. Instead, they make use of any almost open space (such as fields, ballrooms, or gymnasiums) to put on their performances. Some independent promotions are attached to professional wrestling schools, serving as a venue for students to gain experience in front of an audience. As independent matches are seldom televised, indie wrestlers who have not already gained recognition in other promotions tend to remain in obscurity. However, scouts from major promotions attend indie shows, and an indie wrestler who makes a good impression may be offered a developmental or even a full-professional contract.

The advent of the Internet has allowed independent wrestlers and promotions to reach a wider audience, and it is possible for wrestlers regularly working the indie circuit to gain some measure of fame among wrestling fans online. Additionally, some of the more successful indies have video distribution deals, giving them an additional source of income and allowing them to reach a larger audience outside of their local areas.

Top 10 most-attended shows

No.	Promoter	Event	Location	Venue	Attendance	Main Event(s)
—	NWA-NE	WRKO's Taste of the Boss September 25, 1999	Boston, Massachusetts	Boston City Hall Plaza	35,000	5-0 (Trooper Gilmore and Corporal Johnson) vs. Victor Rivera and Jay Kobain
—	IWR	Warped Tour 2002 August 3, 2003	Pontiac, Michigan	Pontiac Silverdome	19,000	Deranged vs. Tommy Starr in a UV Light Tube Death match	^[3]
—	BELIEVE	BELIEVE 156 April 21, 2018	Orlando, Florida	Central Florida Fairgrounds	15,000	Aaron Epic (c) vs. Andrew Merlin for the SCW Florida Heavyweight Championship
—	AWF	Cement Belt Fair June 21, 1990	Cementon, Pennsylvania	Cementon Fairgrounds	12,500	Heidi Lee Morgan vs. Baby Face Nellie
—	WPW	OC Fair: Flower Power (Day 2) July 23, 2006	Costa Mesa, California	Washington Mutual Arena	12,000	El Hijo del Santo, Lil Cholo and Silver Tyger vs. Infernal, Super Kendo 2 and Super Parka
1.	—	All In September 1, 2018	Hoffman Estates, Illinois	Sears Centre Arena	11,263	The Golden Elite (Kota Ibushi, Matt Jackson and Nick Jackson) vs. Bandido, Rey Fénix and Rey Mysterio in a six-man tag team match
—	WPW	OC Fair: Flower Power (Day 1) July 22, 2006	Costa Mesa, California	Washington Mutual Arena	10,000	El Hijo del Santo, Lil Cholo and Silver Tyger vs. Infernal, Super Kendo 2 and Super Parka
—	HWA	BaseBrawl July 19, 2003	Columbus, Ohio	Cooper Stadium	8,757^[Note 1]	Rory Fox (c) vs. Shark Boy for the HWA Cruiserweight Championship	^[4]
2.	USWA	Memphis Memories March 7, 1994	Memphis, Tennessee	Mid-South Coliseum	8,377	Jerry Lawler vs. Austin Idol vs. Brian Christopher vs. Doug Gilbert vs. Eddie Gilbert vs. Jimmy Valiant vs. Koko B. Ware vs. Moondog Spot vs. Terry Funk vs. Tommy Rich in a 10-man elimination match	^[5]
—	WXW	Sportsfest July 12, 1998	Allentown, Pennsylvania	Cedar Beach Park	8,000	The Love Connection (Jay Love and Georgie Love) vs. D'Lo Brown and Owen Hart
3.	USWA / WWF	USWA vs. WWF February 17, 1996	Memphis, Tennessee	Mid-South Coliseum	7,500	Bret Hart (c) vs. Jerry Lawler in a Steel Cage match for the WWF World Heavyweight Championship	^[6]
4.	FMLL	LuchaMania USA Tour January 26, 2013	Los Angeles, California	Los Angeles Memorial Sports Arena	7,000	Blue Demon Jr., Cien Caras Jr. and Dr. Wagner Jr. vs. El Hijo del Santo, L.A. Par-K and Rayo de Jalisco Jr. in a six-man tag team match
5.	FMW / WWA	FMW vs. WWA May 16, 1992	Los Angeles, California	Cal State-Los Angeles Gym	6,250	Atsushi Onita, Tarzan Goto and El Hijo del Santo vs. Negro Casas, Horace Boulder and Tim Patterson in a Best 2-out-of-3 Falls Street Fight match	^[7]
—	IWC	Big Butler Fair June 28, 2003	Prospect, Pennsylvania	Big Butler Fairgrounds	6,000	Dusty Rhodes vs. Jerry Lawler
6.	Multiple	World Wrestling Peace Festival June 1, 1996	Los Angeles, California	Los Angeles Sports Arena	5,964	Antonio Inoki and Dan Severn vs. Yoshiaki Fujiwara and Oleg Taktarov	^[8]
7.	ECW	November to Remember November 1, 1998	New Orleans, Louisiana	Lakefront Arena	5,800	The Triple Threat (Shane Douglas, Bam Bam Bigelow and Chris Candido) vs. New Triple Threat (Sabu, Rob Van Dam and Taz)	^[9]
	JCW	Bloodymania August 11, 2007	Cave-In-Rock, Illinois	Hatchet Landings		Sabu and The Insane Clown Posse (Shaggy 2 Dope and Violent J) vs. Trent Acid and The Young Altar Boys (Young Altar Boy #1 and Young Altar Boy #4)
8.	FCW	Pride September 24, 2005	Inglewood, California	Great Western Forum	5,500	Blue Demon Jr., El Hijo del Santo, Mil Mascaras and Tinieblas vs. Dr. Wagner Jr., Scorpio Jr. and Los Guerreros del Infierno (Rey Bucanero and Ultimo Guerrero)
9.	—	Funk Free for All October 28, 1993	Amarillo, Texas	Amarillo Civic Center	5,500	Terry Funk vs. Eddie Gilbert in a Texas Death match	^[10]
—	WWWoW	Cleveland County Fair October 1, 1992	Shelby, North Carolina	Cleveland County Fairgrounds	5,200	9-man battle royal	^[11]
10.	NWA-OVW	Christmas Chaos January 31, 2001	Louisville, Kentucky	Louisville Gardens	5,010	Leviathan vs. Kane	^[12]

Canada

See also: List of independent wrestling promotions in Canada

Top 10 most-attended shows

No.	Promoter	Event	Location	Venue	Attendance	Main Event(s)
—	Lutte 2000	Alouettes Mania I August 25, 2002	Montreal, Quebec	Stade Percival-Molson	20,000	Jacques Rougeau vs. King Kong Bundy
—	LF	Alouettes Mania III July 15, 2004	Montreal, Quebec	Stade Percival-Molson	20,000^[Note 2]	Jacques Rougeau vs. Kamala
—	LF	Alouettes Mania IV July 8, 2005	Montreal, Quebec	Stade Percival-Molson	20,000^[Note 3]	Jim Duggan vs. Kurrgan with special referee Jacques Rougeau
1.	Lutte 2000	Pierre Carl Ouellet vs. Kurrgan December 30, 2001	Montreal, Quebec	Centre Bell	5,500+^[Note 4]	Pierre Carl Ouellet vs. Kurrgan with special referee Sid Vicious
2.	—	Stu Hart 50th Anniversary Show December 15, 1995	Calgary, Alberta	Stampede Corral	4,600	Bret Hart (c) vs. The British Bulldog for the WWF World Heavyweight Championship
3.	LF	Jacques Rougeau's Super Wrestling Family Gala December 27, 2008	Verdun, Quebec	Verdun Auditorium	4,300	Jacques Rougeau Jr. and J.J. Rougeau (c) vs. Eric Mastrocola and Taloche the Clown for the Johnny Rougeau Tag Team Championship
4.	Lutte 2000	Pierre Carl Ouellet vs. King Kong Bundy December 29, 2000	Verdun, Quebec	Verdun Auditorium	4,000	Pierre Carl Ouellet vs. King Kong Bundy	^[13]^[14]
5.	CWI	Brawl at the Bush II May 14, 2011	Brantford, Ontario	Brantford Civic Center	3,600	Haven, Lanny Poffo, Brutus Beefcake and Bushwhacker Luke vs. Big Daddy Hammer, Virgil and The Nasty Boys (Brian Knobbs and Jerry Sags) in a Survivor Series elimination match
6.	JRP	Richard Charland vs. Abdullah the Butcher July 15, 1995	Montreal, Quebec	Verdun Auditorium	3,500	Richard Charland vs. Abdullah the Butcher	^[15]
	LF	Jacques Rougeau's Super Wrestling Family Gala December 27, 2009	Verdun, Quebec	Verdun Auditorium		Jacques Rougeau and Giant Martin vs. Kurrgan and Eric Mastrocola	^[16]
7.	NOTP	Night of Thunder February 12, 2000	Winnipeg, Manitoba	Convention Centre	3,000	Chi Chi Cruz vs. Scott D'Amore
	LF	Jacques Rougeau Jr. Retirement Tour (Day 1) December 28, 2010	Montréal, Quebec	Verdun Auditorium		Jacques Rougeau Jr. and J.J. Rougeau vs. Eric Mastrocola and Sylver
8.	Lutte 2000	L'Union Fait La Force IV December 29, 1999	Montreal, Quebec	Centre Pierre Charbonneau	2,600	The Fabulous Rougeaus (Jacques Rougeau and Raymond Rougeau) vs. The Garvin Brothers (Ron Garvin and Jimmy Garvin) for the Johnny Rougeau Memorial Tag Team Championship	^[17]^[18]
9.	BSE	Welcome to Mexico! (Day 1) July 18, 2009	Toronto, Ontario	Harbourfront Centre	2,500	James Champagne, La Sombra and The KGB vs. Incógnito, Xtremo and Blue Demon Jr.
10.	Lutte 2000	L'Union Fait la Force February 14, 1999	Montreal, Quebec	Pierre-Charbonneau Arena	2,200	14-man Battle Royal	^[19]^[20]
	BCW	Rumble on the River July 15, 2000	Windsor, Ontario	Riverfront Terrace		Sabu (c) vs. Geza Kalman for the BCW Can-Am Heavyweight Championship	^[21]

Australia

See also: List of professional wrestling organisations in Australia

Unlike the North American or Japanese products which have large, globally renowned organisations such as WWE and New Japan Pro-Wrestling with several hundred smaller promotions, Australia only has approximately 30 smaller independent circuit promotions which exist in all but one of the states and territories, that being the Northern Territory. Tours from the North American product are regularly sold out in capital cities such as Melbourne, Sydney, Perth and Brisbane.

Top 10 most-attended shows

No.	Promoter	Event	Location	Venue	Attendance	Main Event(s)
1.	AWF	Wrestleriot February 26, 1993	Melbourne, Australia	Festival Hall	4,000	Jake Roberts vs. Jim Neidhart	^[22]
2.	AWF	Wrestleriot 2 June 18, 1993	Sydney, Australia		3,500	Road Warrior Hawk vs. Demolition Smash	^[23]
	AWF	Wrestleriot 2 June 24, 1993	Melbourne, Australia			Nailz vs. Big Boss Man	^[24]
	HRCW	High Risk Championship Wrestling TV July 17, 1999		Festival Hall		Nailz vs. Primo Carnera III	^[25]
3.	WSW	International Incident (Day 1) October 5, 2005	Melbourne, Australia		2,500+^[Note 5]	Jeff Jarrett vs. Rhino for the inaugural WSW Heavyweight Championship
4.	AWF	Wrestleriot February 25, 1993	Brisbane, Australia		2,200	Jake Roberts vs. Jim Neidhart	^[22]
5.	WSW	International Assault Tour (Day 2) October 7, 2005	Sydney, Australia		2,100	Rhino (c) vs. Jeff Jarrett for the WSW Heavyweight Championship
6.	AWF	Wrestleriot 2 June 26, 1993	Adelaide, Australia		1,450	Big Bossman vs. Nailz	^[26]
7.	WSW	International Assault Tour (Day 3) October 8, 2005	Newcastle, Australia		1,200+^[Note 6]	Rhino (c) vs. Jeff Jarrett for the WSW Heavyweight Championship
8.	AAP / HOH	HoH 28 June 17, 2017	Sydney, Australia	Sydney Showground	1,200	Tommy Dreamer and Billy Gunn vs. The Young Bucks (Matt Jackson & Nick Jackson)
	MCW	MCW 100 August 18, 2018	Albert Park, Australia	Melbourne Sports and Aquatic Centre		Slex (c) vs. Will Ospreay for the MCW Intercommonwealth Championship
9.	OCW / HOH	HOH 15 June 24, 2016	East Burwood, Australia	Whitehorse Club	1,100	Andy Phoenix vs. KrackerJak vs. Carlito vs. Tommy Dreamer in a Number 1 contenders Fatal 4-Way match for the OCW Heavyweight Championship
	AAP / HOH	HOH 30 June 23, 2017				MVP vs. Jack Swagger vs. Tommy Dreamer in a Three-Way Dance
10.	AWF	Wrestleriot March 2, 1993	Adelaide, Australia		1,000	Jake Roberts vs. Jim Neidhart	^[27]
	HRCW	Nailz vs. High Risk Warrior July 23, 1999	Adelaide, Australia			Nailz vs. High Risk Warrior	^[28]
	AWF	Psycho Slam Tour (Day 4) August 30, 1999	Melbourne, Australia	Camberwell Civic Centre		Sabu vs. Chris Candido
	AWF	Supanova Sidney (Day 1) June 27, 2009	Sydney, Australia	Acer Arena		Spaceboy Dacey vs. Zander Bathory

Mexico

See also: List of professional wrestling promotions in Mexico

Lucha libre has many more independent wrestlers in proportion to the rest of North America, because of the weight classes prevalent in the Mexican league system as well as its emphasis on multiple person tag matches; just about anyone with ability can emerge from an independent promotion into either AAA or Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre and be a champion there. Independent Mexican wrestlers may use a lot of gimmicks, including some that may be based on copyrighted characters from American television shows, such as Thundercats and X-Men. (These gimmicks are often changed if the wrestler playing them makes it into AAA or CMLL; the most prominent example of non-compliance with this method is midget wrestler Chucky from AAA, whose gimmick is based on the Child's Play movies.)

Top 10 most-attended shows

No.	Promoter	Event	Location	Venue	Attendance	Main Event(s)
1.	Toryumon Mexico	DragonMania III May 11, 2008	Mexico City, Mexico	Arena Mexico	17,000	Ultimo Dragon, Mistico and Tatsumi Fujinami vs. Ultimo Guerrero, Atlantis and Rene Dupree
2.	Toryumon Mexico	DragonMania II May 13, 2007	Mexico City, Mexico	Arena Mexico	16,800	Último Dragón, Mil Máscaras, Marco Corleone, and Kazuchika Okada vs. Yoshihiro Takayama, Minoru Suzuki, Último Guerrero and SUWA
3.	LLE	ALL Elite February 8, 2015	Mexico City, Mexico	Arena Mexico	15,000	Dr. Wagner Jr. and La Sombra vs. L.A. Par-K and Volador Jr.	^[29]
4.	TXT	Torneo Todo X El Todo December 8, 2007	Naucalpan, Mexico	El Toreo de Cuatro Caminos	12,000	16-man Torneo Todo X El Todo tournament
	Toryumon Mexico	DragonMania VIII June 15, 2013	Mexico City, Mexico	Arena Mexico		Último Dragón, Atlantis and Rayo de Jalisco Jr. vs. Último Guerrero, Hajime Ohara and Mike Knox
	LLE	December 20, 2015	Mexico City, Mexico	Arena Mexico		Rayo de Jalisco Jr., Octagón and Atlantis vs. Los Hermanos Dinamita (Universo Dos Mil, Cien Caras, Máscara Año Dos Mil)
5.	—	Lucha de Leyendas June 23, 2013	Mérida, Mexico	El Poliforo Zamná	11,500	El Hijo del Santo vs. Blue Demon Jr.
6.	LL-VIP	July 5, 2008	Monterrey, Mexico	La Arena Monterrey	10,500+^[Note 7]	Atlantis vs. Blue Panther vs. Místico vs. Último Guerrero vs. Villano V vs. Tigre Universitario in a 6-way Mask vs. Mask match	^[30]
7.	Toryumon Mexico	DragonMania V May 29, 2010	Mexico City, Mexico	Arena Mexico	10,000+^[Note 8]	Mil Máscaras, Tatsumi Fujinami, Último Dragón and Brazo de Plata vs. Rey Bucanero, Chuck Palumbo, Atlantis and Arkángel de la Muerte	^[31]
8.	Toryumon Mexico	DragonMania XI May 28, 2016	Mexico City, Mexico	Arena Mexico	10,000^[Note 9]	Ultimo Dragon, Octagon and Caristico vs. Fuerza Guerrera, Tiger Ali and Mephisto	^[32]
9.	Toryumon Mexico	DragonManía May 14, 2005	Mexico City, Mexico	Arena Mexico	9,914	Último Dragón, Rayo de Jalisco Jr. and Tigre Enmascarado vs. Los Guerreros del Infierno (Rey Bucanero, Tarzan Boy and Último Guerrero)
10.	The Crash	The Crash in San Luis Potosí August 10, 2017	San Luis Potosí, Mexico	El Domo de San Luis	9,000	Rey Misterio Jr., Blue Demon Jr. and Rey Fénix vs. La Máscara, M-ximo and Rey Escorpión	^[33]

Japan

See also: List of professional wrestling promotions in Japan

Until 1984, no independent puroresu promotion per se existed in Japan; potential talent went directly into the training dojos of either New Japan Pro-Wrestling or All Japan Pro Wrestling. (International Wrestling Enterprise also was a third-party promotion until 1981.) The advent of the Japanese Universal Wrestling Federation offered a long-sought third alternative.

From 1986 to 1988 the Japanese system went back to the two-promotion system, but then the UWF was reformed and another promotion, Pioneer Senshi, was started. Because of Japanese societal mores which implied that a wrestler was a lifelong employee of a company and thus identified with it wherever he went, neither AJPW nor NJPW made an effort to acquire wrestlers trained in other promotions; wrestlers from the major promotions who left, such as Genichiro Tenryu, Gran Hamada, Yoshiaki Fujiwara, Akira Maeda, Atsushi Onita, and Nobuhiko Takada had to start their own independent promotions in order to keep themselves in the limelight (Wrestling Association "R", Universal Lucha Libre, Pro Wrestling Fujiwara Gumi, Fighting Network Rings, Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling, and Hustle respectively) .

As the 1990s ended, though, things began to change. Independent promotions began gaining more prominence as they were featured in major specialized media such as Shukan Puroresu and Shukan Gong magazines. With the death of Giant Baba and retirement of Antonio Inoki, which effectively broke their control over the promotions they founded, the major promotions began looking to the smaller promotions for talent.

In 2000, the first major signing from an independent, Minoru Tanaka by NJPW from BattlARTS, took place; soon after NJPW stocked the junior heavyweight division with independent talent such as Masayuki Naruse, Tiger Mask, Gedo, and Jado. On the same year, following the Pro Wrestling Noah split, AJPW was forced to fill its ranks with independent talent; Nobutaka Araya, Shigeo Okumura and Mitsuya Nagai signed up (Araya is the only one who remains, but other signings since then have been Kaz Hayashi, Tomoaki Honma, Hideki Hosaka, and Ryuji Hijikata.)

Noah admitted one wrestler from the independents, Daisuke Ikeda, to its ranks as well (Ikeda has since left, but other wrestlers from the independents that were signed included Akitoshi Saito, Takahiro Suwa, and Taiji Ishimori). Although AJPW, NJPW, and Noah remain committed to their dojos, the reliance on independents is growing as obscure talent is recognized for its ability.

Top 10 most-attended shows

No.	Promoter	Event	Location	Venue	Attendance	Main Event(s)
—	TPW	Tokyo Pro Wrestling in Atami July 23, 1996	Atami, Japan	Sun Beach	65,000	Abdullah the Butcher and Daikokubo Benkei vs. Kishin Kawabata and Takashi Ishikawa	^[34]
1.	FMW	FMW 6th Anniversary Show May 5, 1995	Kawasaki, Japan	Kawasaki Stadium	58,250	Atsushi Onita (c) vs. Hayabusa in a No Rope Exploding Barbed Wire Deathmatch for the FMW Brass Knuckles Heavyweight Championship	^[35]
2.	FMW	FMW 5th Anniversary Show May 5, 1994	Kawasaki, Japan	Kawasaki Stadium	52,000	Atsushi Onita vs. Genichiro Tenryu in a No Rope Exploding Barbed Wire Deathmatch	^[36]
3.	FMW	Barbed Wire Deathmatch Tournament August 17, 1991	Tokyo, Japan	Torisu Stadium	48,221	Atsushi Onita vs. Sambo Asako in a no rope barbed wire death match tournament final	^[37]
4.	UWFi	UWFi Pro Wrestling World Championship: Takada vs. Vader December 5, 1993	Tokyo, Japan	Jingu Stadium	46,168	Nobuhiko Takada (c) vs. Super Vader for the UWFI World Heavyweight Championship	^[38]
5.	AJW	Super Woman Great War: Big Egg Wrestling Universe November 20, 1994	Tokyo, Japan	Tokyo Dome	42,500	Akira Hokuto vs. Aja Kong in the V*TOP Woman Tournament final	^[39]
6.	FMW	FMW 4th Anniversary Show May 5, 1993	Kawasaki, Japan	Kawasaki Stadium	41,000	Atsushi Onita vs. Terry Funk in a No Ropes Exploding Barbed Wire Timebomb Death match	^[36]
7.	PWFG	Tokyo Dome Show October 4, 1992	Tokyo, Japan	Tokyo Dome	40,800	Masakatsu Funaki vs. Maurice Smith	^[40]
8.	SWS / WWF	SuperWrestle December 12, 1991	Tokyo, Japan	Tokyo Dome	40,000	Genichiro Tenryu vs. Hulk Hogan	^[41]
	MPW	Sendai Television Broadcasting Festival: Happy!! Juni*Land (Day 2) November 5, 2006	Sendai, Japan	Sendai West Park Open Space		Jinsei Shinzaki and Shinjitsu Nohashi vs. Yoshitsune and Rasse	^[42]
9.	MPW	Sendai Television Broadcasting Festival: Happy!! Juni*Land (Day 1) November 4, 2006	Sendai, Japan	Sendai West Park Open Space	37,500	Jinsei Shinzaki and Shinjitsu Nohashi vs. The Great Sasuke and Yoshitsune
10.	FMW	Summer Spectacular August 22, 1993	Nishinomiya, Japan	Hankyu Nishinomiya Stadium	36,223	Atsushi Onita vs. Mr. Pogo in a No Ropes Barbed Wire Exploding Cage Deathmatch for the FMW Brass Knuckles Heavyweight Championship

United Kingdom

See also: Professional wrestling promotions in the United Kingdom

For most of the years of ITV's coverage of British Wrestling, the dominant promoter in the United Kingdom was the Joint Promotions cartel, which was originally modelled on the NWA and later amalgamated into a single company. Nonetheless, throughout this period, untelevised alternative promotions flourished with at least one significant competitor to Joint for live shows.

Initially the main rival was the former dominant promotion in the territory, Atholl Oakley's BWA. By the time of its demise, wrestler/promoter Paul Lincoln had established himself as a major promoter with shows featuring himself as headline heel. In 1958, when Bert Assirati was stripped of the British Heavyweight Championship, Lincoln formed the BWF alliance of promoters to support Assirati's claim, later recognising Shirley Crabtree as champion. Lincoln's BWF was eventually bought out into Joint in 1970.

Welsh promoter Orig Williams also used the BWF name, promoting from the late 1960s up until the early 2000s and then sporadically until his death in 2009. From 1982 to 1995, Williams had a Welsh language TV wrestling show "Reslo" on S4C. Brian Dixon, a referee for Williams, set up his own company Wrestling Enterprises of Birkenhead later renamed All Star Wrestling circa 1984. An alliance with promoter and former top star Jackie Pallo failed to prevent Joint gaining a five year extension on its TV wrestling monopoly from January 1982 to December 1986.

However, by the mid 1980s Dixon had won over many wrestlers and fans from Joint who were tired of the Big Daddy-orientated direction of Joint. Eventually this culminated in All Star gaining a TV show on satellite channel Screensport and later, a slice of ITV's coverage from 1987 until the end of ITV wrestling in 1988. By the end of this period, All Star had effectively replaced Joint (by now owned by Max Crabtree, brother of Shirley) as the dominant promotion in the UK.

Joint, renamed Ring Wrestling Stars in 1991, dwindled down before closing with Crabtree's retirement in 1995, All Star has continued to be the dominant non-import live promotion in the UK up to the present day. Its principal competitors since that time have been Scott Conway's TWA, John Freemantle's Premier Promotions, RBW and LDN Wrestling. Since the 1990s there have also been numerous American-style "New School" promotions.

Top 10 most-attended shows

No.	Promoter	Event	Location	Venue	Attendance	Main Event(s)
1.	ICW	Fear & Loathing IX November 20, 2016	Glasgow, Scotland	The SSE Hydro	6,193	Joe Coffey vs. Kurt Angle	^[43]
2.	PROGRESS	PROGRESS Chapter 76: Hello Wembley! September 30, 2018	London, England	The SSE Arena Wembley	4,750	WALTER (c) vs. Tyler Bate for the PROGRESS World Championship	^[44]
3.	ICW	Fear & Loathing X November 19, 2017	Glasgow, Scotland	The SSE Hydro	4,500	Joe Coffey (c-WHC) vs. BT Gunn (c-ZGC) in a Champion vs. Champion match for the ICW World Heavyweight Championship and ICW Zero G Championship
4.	PCW	Tribute to the Troops June 28, 2014	Preston, England	Harris Flights	4,000	Joey Hayes (c) vs. Carlito for the PCW Heavyweight Championship	^[45]
	ICW	Fear & Loathing VIII November 15, 2015	Glasgow, Scotland	Scottish Exhibition and Conference Centre		Drew Galloway (c) vs. Grado for the ICW World Heavyweight Championship	^[46]
5.	—	2001
6.	TWC	International Showdown March 19, 2005	Coventry, England	Coventry Skydome	3,400	Christopher Daniels (c) vs. AJ Styles for the TNA X-Division Championship
7.	RevPro / NJPW	Strong Style Evolved UK (Day 2) July 1, 2008	Manchester, England	Silver Blades Altrincham	3,000	Tomohiro Ishii (c) vs. Minoru Suzuki for the RevPro Undisputed British Heavyweight Championship
8.	RevPro / NJPW	Strong Style Evolved UK (Day 1) June 30, 2018	Milton Keynes, England	Planet Ice Milton Keynes	2,546	Suzuki-gun (Minoru Suzuki and Zack Sabre Jr.) (c) vs. CHAOS (Kazuchika Okada and Tomohiro Ishii) for the RevPro Undisputed British Tag Team Championship	^[47]
9.	WCPW	True Legacy October 8, 2016	Manchester, England	Silver Blades Altrincham	2,500+^[Note 10]	Kurt Angle vs. Cody Rhodes	^[48]
10.	PROGRESS	PROGRESS Chapter 36: We're Gonna Need A Bigger Room... Again September 25, 2016	London, England	O2 Academy Brixton	2,400	Marty Scurll (c) vs. Mark Haskins vs. Tommy End in a Three-Way Dance for the PROGRESS World Championship	^[49]

Attendance records

This section is about attendance records for professional wrestling on the independent circuit by decade. For a year-by-year listing, see List of professional wrestling attendance records on the independent circuit. For attendance records from National Wrestling Alliance-affiliates, see List of National Wrestling Alliance attendance records. For all-time records, see List of professional wrestling attendance records.

Note: Minimum attendance of 5,000.

• Light Grey indicates event was a free show and/or held at a major public gathering.

Promotion	Event	Location	Venue	Attendance	Main Event(s)
NWA-NE	WRKO's Taste of the Boss September 25, 1999	Boston, Massachusetts	Boston City Hall Plaza	35,000	5-0 (Trooper Gilmore and Corporal Johnson) vs. Victor Rivera and Jay Kobain
Lutte 2000	Alouettes Mania I August 25, 2002	Montreal, Quebec	Stade Percival-Molson	20,000	Jacques Rougeau vs. King Kong Bundy
LF	Alouettes Mania III July 15, 2004	Montreal, Quebec	Stade Percival-Molson	20,000^[Note 2]	Jacques Rougeau vs. Kamala
LF	Alouettes Mania IV July 8, 2005	Montreal, Quebec	Stade Percival-Molson	20,000^[Note 3]	Jim Duggan vs. Kurrgan with special referee Jacques Rougeau
IWR	Warped Tour 2002 August 3, 2003	Pontiac, Michigan	Pontiac Silverdome	19,000	Deranged vs. Tommy Starr in a UV Light Tube Death match	^[3]
BELIEVE	BELIEVE 156 April 21, 2018	Orlando, Florida	Central Florida Fairgrounds	15,000	Aaron Epic (c) vs. Andrew Merlin for the SCW Florida Heavyweight Championship
AWF	Cement Belt Fair June 21, 1990	Cementon, Pennsylvania	Cementon Fairgrounds	12,500	Heidi Lee Morgan vs. Baby Face Nellie
WPW	OC Fair: Flower Power (Day 2) July 23, 2006	Costa Mesa, California	Washington Mutual Arena	12,000	El Hijo del Santo, Lil Cholo and Silver Tyger vs. Infernal, Super Kendo 2 and Super Parka
—	All In September 1, 2018	Hoffman Estates, Illinois	Sears Centre Arena	11,263	The Golden Elite (Kota Ibushi, Matt Jackson and Nick Jackson) vs. Bandido, Rey Fénix and Rey Mysterio in a six-man tag team match
BBWF	Caribbean Wrestling Bash: The Legends Tour September 9, 2012	San Nicolas, Aruba	Joe Laveist Ballpark	11,000	Scott Steiner vs. Billy Gunn for the Aruba Wrestling Bash Championship
WWN	WWNLive in China (Day 4) November 16, 2014	Beijing, China	Cadillac Arena	10,500	Ricochet (c) vs. Johnny Gargano for the Open the Freedom Gate Championship
WPW	OC Fair: Flower Power (Day 1) July 22, 2006	Costa Mesa, California	Washington Mutual Arena	10,000	El Hijo del Santo, Lil Cholo and Silver Tyger vs. Infernal, Super Kendo 2 and Super Parka
BBWF	Caribbean Wrestling Bash: The Legends Tour September 8, 2012	San Nicolas, Aruba	Joe Laveist Ballpark	9,000	Scott Steiner vs. Kevin Nash
HWA	BaseBrawl July 19, 2003	Columbus, Ohio	Cooper Stadium	8,757^[Note 1]	Rory Fox (c) vs. Shark Boy for the HWA Cruiserweight Championship	^[4]
USWA	Memphis Memories March 7, 1994	Memphis, Tennessee	Mid-South Coliseum	8,377	Jerry Lawler vs. Austin Idol vs. Brian Christopher vs. Doug Gilbert vs. Eddie Gilbert vs. Jimmy Valiant vs. Koko B. Ware vs. Moondog Spot vs. Terry Funk vs. Tommy Rich in a 10-man elimination match	^[5]
WXW	Sportsfest July 12, 1998	Allentown, Pennsylvania	Cedar Beach Park	8,000	The Love Connection (Jay Love and Georgie Love) vs. D'Lo Brown and Owen Hart
USWA / WWF	USWA vs. WWF February 17, 1996	Memphis, Tennessee	Mid-South Coliseum	7,500	Bret Hart (c) vs. Jerry Lawler in a Steel Cage match for the WWF World Heavyweight Championship	^[6]
FMLL	LuchaMania USA Tour January 26, 2013	Los Angeles, California	Los Angeles Memorial Sports Arena	7,000	Blue Demon Jr., Cien Caras Jr. and Dr. Wagner Jr. vs. El Hijo del Santo, L.A. Par-K and Rayo de Jalisco Jr. in a six-man tag team match
FMW / WWA	FMW vs. WWA May 16, 1992	Los Angeles, California	Cal State-Los Angeles Gym	6,250	Atsushi Onita, Tarzan Goto and El Hijo del Santo vs. Negro Casas, Horace Boulder and Tim Patterson in a Best 2-out-of-3 Falls Street Fight match	^[7]
IWC	Big Butler Fair June 28, 2003	Prospect, Pennsylvania	Big Butler Fairgrounds	6,000	Dusty Rhodes vs. Jerry Lawler
Multiple	World Wrestling Peace Festival June 1, 1996	Los Angeles, California	Los Angeles Sports Arena	5,964	Antonio Inoki and Dan Severn vs. Yoshiaki Fujiwara and Oleg Taktarov	^[8]
ECW	November to Remember November 1, 1998	New Orleans, Louisiana	Lakefront Arena	5,800	The Triple Threat (Shane Douglas, Bam Bam Bigelow and Chris Candido) vs. New Triple Threat (Sabu, Rob Van Dam and Taz)	^[9]
JCW	Bloodymania August 11, 2007	Cave-In-Rock, Illinois	Hatchet Landings	5,800	Sabu and The Insane Clown Posse (Shaggy 2 Dope and Violent J) vs. Trent Acid and The Young Altar Boys (Young Altar Boy #1 and Young Altar Boy #4)
Lutte 2000	Pierre Carl Ouellet vs. Kurrgan December 30, 2001	Montreal, Quebec	Centre Bell	5,500+^[Note 4]	Pierre Carl Ouellet vs. Kurrgan with special referee Sid Vicious
FCW	Pride September 24, 2005	Inglewood, California	Great Western Forum	5,500	Blue Demon Jr., El Hijo del Santo, Mil Mascaras and Tinieblas vs. Dr. Wagner Jr., Scorpio Jr. and Los Guerreros del Infierno (Rey Bucanero and Ultimo Guerrero)
—	Funk Free for All October 28, 1993	Amarillo, Texas	Amarillo Civic Center	5,500	Terry Funk vs. Eddie Gilbert in a Texas Death match	^[10]
WWWoW	Cleveland County Fair October 1, 1992	Shelby, North Carolina	Cleveland County Fairgrounds	5,200	9-man battle royal	^[11]
NWA-OVW	Christmas Chaos January 31, 2001	Louisville, Kentucky	Louisville Gardens	5,010	Leviathan vs. Kane	^[12]
USWA	Challenge for the Championship October 8, 1990	Memphis, Tennessee	Mid-South Coliseum	5,000	20-man tournament for the vacant USWA World Heavyweight Championship	^[50]
SMW	Night of Legends August 5, 1994	Knoxville, Tennessee	Knoxville Civic Coliseum	5,000	Bob Armstrong, Tracy Smothers and Road Warrior Hawk vs. Bruiser Bedlam and The Funk Brothers (Dory Funk Jr. and Terry Funk)	^[51]^[52]
SMW	Superbowl of Wrestling August 4, 1995	Knoxville, Tennessee	Knoxville Civic Coliseum	5,000	Shawn Michaels vs. Buddy Landel for the WWF Intercontinental Championship	^[53]^[54]
NEPW	Lake County Fair August 24, 2002	Painesville, Ohio	Lake County Fairgrounds	5,000	Julio Dinero vs. Dick Trimmins
WXW	Sportsfest July 9, 2004	Allentown, Pennsylvania	Cedar Beach Park	5,000	Rapid Fire Maldonado (c) vs. Mana the Polynesian Warrior for the WXW Heavyweight Championship
MW	Throwback Night II August 28, 2004	Memphis, Tennessee	Mid-South Coliseum	5,000	Terry Funk and Corey Maclin vs. Jerry Lawler and Jimmy Hart with special referee Jimmy Valiant
ASW	DukesFest 2007 June 12, 2007	Nashville, Tennessee	Music City Motorplex	5,000	Iron Cross, Bobby Houston and Jerry Lawler vs. Stan Lee, Eddie Golden and K.C. Thunder

Historical

Top 10 most-attended shows in the 1990s

No.	Promoter	Event	Location	Venue	Attendance	Main Event(s)
1.	WXW	Sportsfest July 12, 1998	Allentown, Pennsylvania	Cedar Beach Park	8,000	The Love Connection (Jay Love and Georgie Love) vs. D'Lo Brown and Owen Hart
2.	FMW / WWA	FMW vs. WWA May 16, 1992	Los Angeles, California	California State University	6,250	Atsushi Onita, Tarzan Goto and El Hijo del Santo vs. Negro Casas, Horace Boulder and Tim Patterson in a Best 2-out-of-3 Falls Street Fight match	^[7]
3.	ECW	Anarchy Rulz September 19, 1999	Villa Park, Illinois	Odeum Expo Center	6,000	Rob Van Dam (c) vs. Balls Mahoney for the ECW World Television Championship	^[55]^[56]
4.	Multiple	World Wrestling Peace Festival June 1, 1996	Los Angeles, California	Los Angeles Sports Arena	5,964	Antonio Inoki and Dan Severn vs. Yoshiaki Fujiwara and Oleg Taktarov	^[8]
5.	ECW	November to Remember November 1, 1998	New Orleans, Louisiana	Lakefront Arena	5,800	The Triple Threat (Shane Douglas, Bam Bam Bigelow and Chris Candido) vs. New Triple Threat (Sabu, Rob Van Dam and Taz)	^[9]
6.	—	Funk Free for All October 28, 1993	Amarillo, Texas	Amarillo Civic Center	5,500	Terry Funk vs. Eddie Gilbert in a Texas Death match	^[10]
7.	WWWoW	October 1, 1992	Shelby, North Carolina	9-Man Battle Royal	5,200	9-man battle royal	^[11]
8.	SMW	Night of Legends August 5, 1994	Knoxville, Tennessee	Knoxville Civic Coliseum	5,000	Bob Armstrong, Tracy Smothers and Road Warrior Hawk vs. Bruiser Bedlam and The Funk Brothers (Dory Funk Jr. and Terry Funk)	^[51]
	SMW	Superbowl of Wrestling August 4, 1995	Knoxville, Tennessee	Knoxville Civic Coliseum		Shawn Michaels vs. Buddy Landel for the WWF Intercontinental Championship	^[53]
9.	ECW	November to Remember November 30, 1997	Monaca, Pennsylvania	Golden Dome	4,634	Bam Bam Bigelow (c) vs. Shane Douglas for the ECW World Heavyweight Championship	^[57]^[58]
10.	PWF	Pro Wrestlemania II December 10, 1993	Charlotte, North Carolina	Charlotte Coliseum	4,500	George South and Italian Stallion vs. Austin Steele and Black Scorpion

Top 10 most-attended shows in the 2000s

No.	Promoter	Event	Location	Venue	Attendance	Main Event(s)
1.	PMG	Clash of the Legends April 27, 2004	Memphis, Tennessee	FedEx Forum	6,000?	Hulk Hogan vs. Paul Wight
2.	ECW	Heat Wave July 16, 2000	Los Angeles, California	Grand Olympic Auditorium	5,700	Justin Credible (c) vs. Tommy Dreamer in a Stairway to Hell match for the ECW World Heavyweight Championship
3.	NWA	NWA New Jersey vs. NWA Pro June 27, 2009	Newark, New Jersey	JFK Recreation Center	5,500	Apollo (c) vs. Dimitrios Papadon for the NWA North American Heavyweight Championship
4.	NEPW	NEPW at the Lake County Fairgrounds August 24, 2002	Painesville, Ohio	Lake County Fairgrounds	5,000	Julio Dinero vs. Dick Trimmins
	WXW	Sportsfest July 9, 2004	Allentown, Pennsylvania	Cedar Beach Park		Rapid Fire Maldonado (c) vs. Mana the Polynesian Warrior for the WXW Heavyweight Championship
	MW	Throwback Night II August 28, 2004	Memphis, Tennessee	Mid-South Coliseum		Terry Funk and Corey Maclin vs. Jerry Lawler and Jimmy Hart with Jimmy Valiant as special referee	^[59]
	ASW	Dukes of Hazzard Festival June 12, 2007	Nashville, Tennessee	Music City Motorplex		Iron Cross, Bobby Houston and Jerry Lawler vs. Stan Lee, Eddie Golden and K.C. Thunder
5.	ECW	Guilty as Charged January 9, 2000	Birmingham, Alabama	Boutwell Memorial Auditorium	4,700	Mike Awesome vs. Spike Dudley for the ECW World Heavyweight Championship
	—	Clash of the Legends June 15, 2001	Memphis, Tennessee	Mid-South Coliseum		Jerry Lawler vs. Lord Humongous with Lance Russell as special referee
6.	ECW	Anarchy Rulz October 1, 2000	Saint Paul, Minnesota	Roy Wilkins Auditorium	4,600	Justin Credible (c) vs. Jerry Lynn for the ECW World Heavyweight Championship
	ECW	November to Remember November 5, 2000	Villa Park, Illinois	Odeum Expo Center		Jerry Lynn (c) vs. Steve Corino vs. Justin Credible vs. The Sandman and in a Double Jeopardy match for the ECW World Heavyweight Championship
7.	MW	Throwback Night July 10, 2004	Memphis, Tennessee	Mid-South Coliseum	3,758	Jerry Lawler and Jimmy Hart vs. Corey Maclin and Kamala	^[60]
8.	ECW	ECW on TNN April 8, 2000	Buffalo, New York	Flickinger Center	3,700	Super Crazy (c) vs. Yoshihiro Tajiri and Little Guido in a 3-Way Dance match for the ECW World Television Championship	^[61]
9.	ECW	ECW on TNN June 24, 2000	Villa Park, Illinois	Odeum Sports & Expo Center	3,500	Justin Credible (c) vs. The Sandman for the ECW World Heavyweight Championship	^[61]
	MW	Throwback Night III: A Nightmare in Memphis October 30, 2004	Memphis, Tennessee	Mid-South Coliseum		Jerry Lawler and The Rock 'n' Roll Express (Ricky Morton and Robert Gibson) vs. Corey Maclin, Stan Lane and Jackie Fargo	^[62]
10.	ECW	Hardcore Heaven May 14, 2000	Milwaukee, Wisconsin	The Rave	3,400	Justin Credible (c) vs. Lance Storm and Tommy Dreamer in a 3-Way Dance match for the ECW World Heavyweight Championship	^[63]

Top 10 most-attended shows in the 2010s

No.	Promoter	Event	Location	Venue	Attendance	Main Event(s)
1.	—	All In September 1, 2018	Hoffman Estates, Illinois	Sears Centre Arena	11,263	The Golden Elite (Kota Ibushi, Matt Jackson and Nick Jackson) vs. Bandido, Rey Fénix and Rey Mysterio in a six-man tag team match
2.	FMLL	Luchamania USA January 26, 2013	Los Angeles, California	Los Angeles Memorial Sports Arena	7,000	Blue Demon Jr., Cien Caras Jr. and Dr. Wagner Jr. vs. El Hijo del Santo, L.A. Par-K and Rayo de Jalisco Jr. in a six-man tag team match
3.	JCW	Take Me Home Charity Show February 21, 2015	Detroit, Michigan	Detroit Masonic Temple	4,500	2 Tuff Tony (c) vs. The Weedman for the JCW Heavyweight Championship
4.	JCW	Hatchet Attacks March 26, 2011	Southgate, Michigan	The Modern Exchange	4,311	Corporal Robinson (c) vs. Ian Rotten in a Barbed Wire, Tables, Ladders & Glass match for the JCW Heavyweight Championship	^[64]
5.	WCE	WrestleCade 5: The Final 3 Count November 26, 2016	Winston-Salem, North Carolina	Benton Convention Center	4,000	Matt Hardy (c) vs. Ryback for the WrestleCade Championship	^[65]
6.	NEW	Six Flags Slam Fest June 15, 2019	Jackson, New Jersey	Six Flags Great Adventure Theme Park	3,700	Jon Moxley vs. Caz XL	^[66]
7.	CWI	Brawl at the Bush II May 14, 2011	Brantford, Ontario	Brantford Civic Center	3,600	Haven, Lanny Poffo, Brutus Beefcake and Bushwhacker Luke vs. Big Daddy Hammer, Virgil and The Nasty Boys (Brian Knobbs and Jerry Sags) in a Survivor Series elimination match
8.	—	February 17, 2013	Chicago, Illinois	Congress Theatre	3,500	Blue Demon Jr., Imágen Nocturna and Piloto Suicida vs. L.A. Par-K, El Hijo del Santo and Rayo de Jalisco Jr.	^[67]
	LU	Austin Warfare March 15, 2016	Austin, Texas	Austin Music Hall		Cage, Prince Puma and Rey Mysterio Jr. vs. Jack Evans, Johnny Mundo and PJ Black
	ROH	Supercard of Honor XI April 1, 2017	Lakeland, Florida	Lakeland Center		Christopher Daniels (c) vs. Dalton Castle for the ROH World Championship
9.	NEW	Wrestling under the Stars (Day 1) August 1, 2015	Wappingers Falls, New York	Dutchess Stadium	3,341	Rey Mysterio Jr. and Alberto El Patrón vs. The Young Bucks (Matt Jackson and Nick Jackson)
10.	NEW	Wrestlefest March 3, 2017	Waterbury, Connecticut	Crosby High School	3,300	Kurt Angle vs. Cody Rhodes in a Steel Cage match

Footnotes

1. This was part of a post-game show for an MLB game between the Columbus Clippers vs. Louisville Bats.
2. This was part of a halftime show for a CFL game between the Montreal Alouettes vs. Calgary Stampeders.
3. This was part of a halftime show for a CFL game between the Montreal Alouettes vs. Edmonton Eskimos.
4. There are different reports on the attendance of the event with numbers ranging from 5,500 to as high as 10,000 and 12,000.
5. There are different reports on the attendance of the event with numbers ranging from 2,500 to 3,000.
6. There are different reports on the attendance of the event with numbers ranging from 1,200 to 2,000.
7. There are different reports on the attendance of the event with numbers ranging from 10,500 to 11,000.
8. There are different reports on the attendance of the event with numbers ranging from 10,000 to 13,000.
9. Event is described as "heavily papered".
10. There are different reports on the attendance of True Legacy with numbers ranging from 2,500 to 2,600.

See also

• List of professional wrestling terms
• List of professional wrestling memorial shows

References

General

• "Indies". ProWrestlingHistory.com.
• "The History of Wrestling at the Mid-South Coliseum". ProWrestlingHistory.com.
• "The Complete History of Smoky Mountain Wrestling". ProWrestlingHistory.com.

Specific

1. Farmer, Matt (December 23, 2015). . TheIndyCorner.com. Archived from the original on June 12, 2021.
2. . Archived from the original on 2014-04-07. Retrieved 2013-08-06.
3. Meltzer, Dave (August 4, 2003). . LiveAudioWrestling.com. Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Archived from the original on August 21, 2003.
4. Meltzer, Dave (July 28, 2003). "Big week in Japanese wrestling, more". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Campbell, California. The HWA ran its annual show on 7/19 in conjunction with the Columbus Clippers minor league baseball team. The show drew 8,757, which is more than double the Clippers average (4,500) or the crowd drawn last year with several WWE wrestlers on the show (4,400).
5. "MAR. 7 IN HISTORY: Lawler headlines "Memphis Memories" card 20 years ago also featuring Funk, Idol, Koko, more". PWTorch.com. Pro Wrestling Torch. March 7, 2014.
6. Cawthon, Graham. "Yearly Results: 1996". TheHistoryOfWWE.com.
7. Meltzer, Dave (July 20, 1992). "Vader makes title history, title belt lawsuit, Bash 92, real names". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Campbell, California. Anyway, what this means is we've been underestimating the crowds of the Lucha Libre shows and that the original 5/16 show really did draw 6,250 (tickets were $20, $15 and $10 for that show and more freebies so the house was probably well under six figures but probably still in excess of $70,000).
8. Alvarez, Bryan (June 17, 1996). "Brian Pillman future after Humvee accident, Ilio DiPaolo bio, WCW and WWF big gates over the weekend, tons more". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Campbell, California. Actual attendance at the World Wrestling Peace Festival was 5,964. I incorrectly misinterpreted the number of comps as being about 1,500 less than it actually was, although in no way did it look like there were anywhere close to 6,000 in the building but that is a legit figure.
9. Cawthon, Graham. "Yearly Results: 1998". TheHistoryOfWWE.com.
10. Meltzer, Dave (November 8, 1993). "Oro dies in the ring, Sid Vicious vs. Arn Anderson stabbing incident". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Campbell, California. 7,200 tickets were given away, enough to fill the Civic Center. About 5,500 showed up, a surprising amount of whom were certainly old enough to remember the weekly Thursday night cards from the 60s and 70s, and many of whom were kids who came largely to see the Big Bossman of WWF television fame.
11. Meltzer, Dave (October 12, 1992). "Hugely successful WWE tour, terrible ratings, Von Erich sentencing". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Campbell, California. 10/1 Shelby, NC (WWWOW - 5,200 fair grandstand show): [...] Van Dam won Battle Royal
12. Campbell, Jason. "Christmas Chaos". ProWrestlingHistory.com.
13. Benner, Eric (December 30, 2000). . Canadian Online Explorer. SLAM! Wrestling. Archived from the original on April 14, 2016.
14. Oliver, Greg (January 5, 2001). . Canadian Online Explorer. SLAM! Wrestling. Archived from the original on April 8, 2001.
15. Meltzer, Dave (July 24, 1995). "Bash 1995 and AAA at the LA Sports Arena, Shamrock vs. Severn pro-wrestler shoot fight results, tons more". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Campbell, California. Jacques Rougeau Jr. ran his first show on 7/15 in Verdun, QUE drawing what was reported in the newspapers as 3,500 fans but there is no way of knowing a real figure. The highlight of the show was Abdullah the Butcher's main event win over Richard Charland.
16. Leroux, Yves (January 1, 2010). "Giants battle on Rougeau Christmas shows". SlamWrestling.net.
17. Oliver, Greg (December 30, 1999). . Canadian Online Explorer. SLAM! Wrestling. Archived from the original on November 17, 2002.
18. Meltzer, Dave (January 10, 2000). "NJPW Tokyo Dome reviewed, 1999 in revenue for promotions, more". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Campbell, California. Jacques Rougeau's 12/29 show in Montreal drew about 2,600 fans in the 3,000-seat Pierre Charboneau Center, his biggest crowd to date. In the main event, Ron & Jimmy Garvin won the Johnny Rougeau tag team titles from Jacques & Raymond Rougeau.
19. Benner, Eric (February 15, 1999). . Canadian Online Explorer. SLAM! Wrestling. Archived from the original on February 10, 2005.
20. Benner, Eric (February 19, 1999). . Canadian Online Explorer. SLAM! Wrestling. Archived from the original on January 31, 2005.
21. Pearson, Craig (July 12, 2001). "Wrestlefest 2001; Border City Club's Bout Will Leave Someone Singing The Blues". Windsor Star. p. 45. We'll find out when the BCW finale explodes on the Civic Terrace from 2 to 4:15 p.m., once again part of the annual Bluesfest in the biggest local wrestling show of the year. Two years ago, the BCW's riverfront spectacle drew 1,600 people, while last year it attracted 2,200 - one of the biggest draws for independent pro wrestling in Canada.
22. Meltzer, Dave (March 8, 1993). "Superbrawl, Ross done with WCW, two major lawsuits, tons more". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Campbell, California. Junkyard Dog, Don Muraco, Jushin Liger, Joe & Dean Malenko, Chris Benoit, Jake Roberts and Jim Neidhart are in the midst of headlining an Australian tour. First night in Brisbane on 2/25 drew 2,200 and 2/26 in Melbourne drew about 4,000. Must be interesting because they are using Liger vs. Benoit, who have no name identity in Australia, as the semifinal, and Neidhart vs. Roberts on top. Can you imagine Roberts and Neidhart having to follow those two?
23. Meltzer, Dave (June 28, 1993). "Trying to fix WCW, Hogan about to leave WWF after King of the Ring". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Campbell, California. 6/18 Sydney, Australia (AWF - 3,500): [...] Road Warrior Hawk b Demolition Smash
24. Meltzer, Dave (July 5, 1993). "More WCW idiocy, Hogan leaves WWF, Roddy Piper returns, more". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Campbell, California. 6/24 Melbourne, Australia (AWF - 3,500): [...] Big Bossman b Nailz
25. Meltzer, Dave (August 2, 1999). "Vince McMahon comments on Bret Hart, WWF Fully Loaded review, more". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Campbell, California. 7/17 Melbourne, Australia (High Risk Championship Wrestling - 3,500): [...] Nailz DDQ Primo Carnera III
26. Meltzer, Dave (June 28, 1993). "Trying to fix WCW, Hogan about to leave WWF after King of the Ring". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Campbell, California. 6/26 Adelaide, Australia (AWF - 1,450): [...] Big Bossman b Nailz **1/2
27. Meltzer, Dave (March 15, 1993). "Japan Super Show, Hogan, Flair and Brutus return, ratings, more". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Campbell, California. 3/2 Adelaide, Australia (AWF - 1,000): [...] Jake Roberts b Jim Neidhart *
28. Meltzer, Dave (August 2, 1999). "Vince McMahon comments on Bret Hart, WWF Fully Loaded review, more". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Campbell, California. 7/23 Adelaide, Australia (High Risk Championship Wrestling - 1,000): [...] High Risk Warrior b Nailz, Pit Bulls b DOA-DQ
29. Meltzer, Dave (February 16, 2015). "Possible WrestleMania main event changes, Genichiro Tenryu retires, more UFC drug testing woes, future of NXT, CMLL at a crossroads, and more". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Campbell, California. After the return of L.A. Park, Dr. Wagner Jr. and Fuerza Guerrera to Arena Mexico on 2/8 drew more than 15,000, more than five times the normal Sunday crowd [...] An outside promotion, All Elite, booked Arena Mexico using those three stars, and drew the biggest crowd in the arena since the Anniversary show.
30. Meltzer, Dave (July 14, 2008). "Forrest beats Quinton, rule changes UFC ignores, Ring of Hell". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Campbell, California. On 7/5 at Arena Monterrey, they drew 10,500 fans for an elimination match where the loser would get unmasked with Mistico, Ultimo Guerrero, Villano V, Atlantis, Blue Panther and Tigre Universitario
31. Meltzer, Dave (June 7, 2010). "UFC 114 in-depth, major change could affect TV, WWE injuries, NXT bios". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Campbell, California. Ultimo Dragon's annual DragonMania show took place on 5/29 at Arena Mexico, a TV taping for Japan. The show drew more than 10,000 fans, although tickets were cheap and a lot of people got in free. [...] The main event was the babyface legendary quartet of Mil Mascaras (who turns 71 in July) & Tatsumi Fujinami (56) & Ultimo Dragon (43) & Brazo de Plata (47) beating Chuck Palumbo (in Mexico for one match) & Rey Bucanero & Atlantis & Arkangel de la Muerte.
32. Meltzer, Dave (June 6, 2016). "More details on WWE brand split, Jimmy Snuka found incompetent, more". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Campbell, California. This was his annual DragonMania show taped for later broadcast on Japanese television. They heavily papered the show and had more than 10,000 fans attending with All Japan's Jun Akiyama and Yohei Nakajima being the major guests. [...] The main event was scheduled as Dragon & Octagon & Caristico over Fuerza Guerrera & Tiger Ali & Ultimo Guerrero via DQ for interference of Bucanero, and then Corleone made the save. They restarted as Dragon & Octagon & Caristico & Corleone beating Guerrera & Mephisto & Bucanero & Ali after U.K. wrestlers Saime Sahin and Jason LaRusso also interfered.
33. Meltzer, Dave (August 21, 2017). "Ric Flair in critical condition in the hosptial, G1 Climax finals, more". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Campbell, California. The Crash ran its most successful event to date on 8/10 at the 11,000-seat Domo in San Luis Potosi, drawing 9,000 fans, the biggest crowd in company history, notable because it was a Thursday night show with no local television. They used Rey Mysterio Jr. & Blue Demon Jr. & Rey Fenix over La Mascara & M-ximo & Rey Escorpion in the main event
34. Meltzer, Dave; Alvarez, Bryan (August 5, 1996). "Major changes to WWF syndication, Herb Abrams dies, Kobashi wins Triple Crown for the first time, more". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Campbell, California. Several of the groups this past week have run free shows as part of fireworks festivals or country fair type of events. The biggest was Tokyo Pro's show on 7/23 at Atami Sun Beach which was reported as being viewed by more than 65,000 fans.
35. Meltzer, Dave (May 15, 1995). "WCW taping policy update, real-life pro-wrestling shoot fight booked for UFC, an early "too many shows" story, tons more". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Campbell, California. Onita's much-ballyhooed final match on 5/5 at Kawasaki Baseball Stadium drew a sellout of approximately 50,000 fans (announced at 58,250) which would be a gate in the $2.5 million range and tons more in merchandise
36. Woodward, Buck (May 5, 2007). "THIS DAY IN HISTORY: THE FINAL WWF SHOW, FMW ANNIVERSARY, A WWE STAR DEBUTS THAT WE STILL HAVEN'T SEEN WRESTLE ON TV AND MORE". PWInsider.com.
37. Bixenspan, David (August 3, 2017). "Japanese Wrestling's Bomb-Loving Cult Hero Is Coming To New Jersey". Deadspin.com.
38. Rohan, Jim (October 5, 2018). "The Final Fall of the UW". CagesideSeats.com.
39. Meltzer, Dave (November 28, 1994). "Akira Hokuto and Big Egg Wrestling Universe, first Clash post-Flair retirement, ECW vs. NWA war, tons more!". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Campbell, California. The figures were more than just record-breaking, they were astounding. It was more than just the 42,500 fans, which more than doubled the all-time record for a woman's wrestling show that held up for 53 years (19,000 fans for a match between Mildred Burke and Elvira Snodgrass in 1941 in Louisville).
40. Wall, Jeremy (2005). UFC's Ultimate Warriors: The Top 10. Toronto: ECW Press. p. 46. ISBN 1550226916.
41. Cawthon, Graham. "Yearly Results: 1991". TheHistoryOfWWE.com.
42. "Michinoku Pro-Wrestling Results: 2006". Purolove.com.
43. Meltzer, Dave (November 28, 2016). "WWE Survivor Series review, Goldbergagrees to more matches, more". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Campbell, California. Insane Championship Wrestling of Glasgow, Scotland ran the biggest show in its history, a card they had promoted for one year on 11/20 at the SSE Hydro in Glasgow. They drew 6,193 fans paid, a number probably hurt because WWE ran two television tapings in the same building, a Raw that sold out with 11,000 and a Smackdown that did 10,800, just two weeks earlier. It was the largest crowd for a U.K. based promotion since the Big Daddy vs. Giant Haystacks match at Wembley Arena in 1981. It was larger than any TNA crowd in the U.K. since 2012 (when they drew 7,000 at Wembley) and TNA has had weekly television in the market since 2007 while ICW has no television in the U.K. Last year they ran at the smaller SECC Arena and sold it out with just under 4,000.
44. Meltzer, Dave (October 8, 2018). "Massive UFC 229 expectations, plus tons of news". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Campbell, California. Progress Wrestling ran its biggest show in its history, "Hello Wembley," on 9/30 at Wembley Arena, drawing 4,750 fans, the largest crowd for a U.K.-based promotion in England since the 1981 Big Daddy vs. Giant Haystacks match that drew 7,000 fans.
45. Meltzer, Dave (July 6, 2014). "SummerSlam card, fall WWE direction, Jericho's return notes, What will take for Rock to return next year, PEDs in MMA, wrestling, reality of drug testing, TNA in New York and explaining TNA/Japan deal". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Campbell, California. Preston City Wrestling in England ran an outdoor show on 6/28 as part of Armed Forces day as a Tribute to the Troops show. It was a free show that drew just under 4,000 fans. Both the Mayor of Preston and his wife attended and were in the front row. Carlito and Chris Masters were the Americans brought in as guest stars.
46. Meltzer, Dave (November 23, 2015). "Holm defeats Rousey, Nick Bockwinkel passes away, more". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Campbell, California. The Insane Championship Wrestling show on 11/15 at the SECC in Glasgow, Scotland, drew a sellout of 4,000 fans, which as noted, was the biggest crowd for a U.K. based promotion since 1982. ICW has been packing 1,500 seat buildings regularly, particularly after a BBC piece made a cult hero out of Grado.
47. Meltzer, Dave (July 9, 2018). "Death of Matt Cappotelli". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Campbell, California. The first show of the U.K. bouts with Revolution Pro was 6/30 in Milton Keynes, before a sellout of 2,546 fans. [...] Main event saw Minoru Suzuki & Zack Sabre Jr. beat Kazuchika Okada & Tomohiro Ishii to retain the British tag team titles.
48. Meltzer, Dave (October 17, 2016). "Goldberg returning to face Brock Lesnar, tons more". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Campbell, California. The WCPW show on 10/8 in Manchester, on the same night as the UFC show (although this ended long before UFC started) drew 2,500 for a show headlined by Kurt Angle vs. Cody Rhodes. The crowd was very hot for the short main event that ended with Angle winning via ankle lock.
49. Meltzer, Dave (October 3, 2016). "TNA at a crossroads, WWE Clash of Champions review, more". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Campbell, California. Progress Wrestling ran its biggest event to date on 9/25, drawing 2,400 fans to the Brixton Academy in London. We're told this was the biggest crowd for a U.K. promotion in England since 1981.
50. "October 8, 1990 in Memphis, TN". The History of Wrestling at the Mid-South Coliseum. ProWrestlingHistory.
51. Meltzer, Dave (August 14, 1994). "New goofy WCW gimmicks, SMW all-time record, AAA return to LA disappoints, Mr. August wins G-1 again, tons more". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Campbell, California. Wrestling set its all-time attendance and gate record on 8/5 in Knoxville for the "Night of the Legends," drawing 5,000 fans and $40,000.
52. "Night of Legends". The Complete History of Smoky Mountain Wrestling. Retrieved January 25, 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
53. Meltzer, Dave (August 14, 1995). "Future of ECW and the Sunshine Network, controversial angle, revamped SummerSlam card, Collision in Korea, tons more". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Campbell, California. The live attendance for Jim Cornette's show was 4,600 paid and slightly in excess of 5,000 in the building, both of which would be new company records. The old record for the "Night of Legends" last August in the same building was 5,000 fans, but 4,400 paid. The gate was $37,500, just a tad shy of the $40,000 record set last year.
54. Alvarez, Bryan (January 22, 1996). "Results of the 1995 Observer Newsletter Awards, 1995 Record Book, tons more". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Campbell, California.
55. Cawthon, Graham. "Yearly Results: 1999". TheHistoryOfWWE.com.
56. Mac, Eddie (September 19, 2016). "This Day in Wrestling History (Sept. 19): Happy Birthday Renee Young!". CagesideSeats.com.
57. Cawthon, Graham. "Yearly Results: 1997". TheHistoryOfWWE.com.
58. Meltzer, Dave (December 8, 1997). "nWo Nitro plans that never panned out, ECW November to Remember coverage, Big Daddy passes away, Frank Shamrock to UFC, and more". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Campbell, California. The November to Remember PPV, billed ahead of time as ECW's showcase event of the year, fell far short of the mark in that regard. As a promotion, it was the most successful by far in company history. For a group that has only drawn 2,000 fans on two occasions in its nearly five year history, it destroyed all existing company records with a sellout crowd of 4,634 (4,218 paying about $103,900, plus another $43,930 in merchandise which are phenomenal figures for a company of that size) at the Golden Dome in Monaca, PA on 11/30.
59. Campbell, Jason. "Throwback Night II". ProWrestlingHistory.com.
60. Campbell, Jason. "Throwback Night". ProWrestlingHistory.com.
61. Cawthon, Graham. "Yearly Results: 2000". TheHistoryOfWWE.com.
62. Campbell, Jason. "Throwback Night III". ProWrestlingHistory.com.
63. Pantoja, Kevin (February 15, 2016). "Random Network Reviews: Hardcore Heaven 2000". 411mania.com.
64. Nemer, Paul (March 27, 2011). "3/26 JCW iPPV Results (Raven, Eugene, Conway)". Wrestleview.com. Retrieved April 1, 2022.
65. Lea, Chris (November 26, 2016). "WrestleCade 2016 in Winston-Salem". WXII-TV.
66. Crowther IV, Rob (June 17, 2019). "Jon Moxley, Mick Foley Rock Northeast Wrestling's Packed Six Flags Slam". ThePopBreak.com.
67. "Llego su Majestad LA Park a Chicago" [His Majesty LA Park has arrived in Chicago]. TheGladiatores.com (in Spanish). February 21, 2013. Retrieved April 2, 2022. En Chicago el nombre de LA Park es garantía de poder y el pasado 17 de Febrero volvió a llenar el Teatro Congress el inmueble resulto insuficiente para un público que materialmente se volcó en la arena rompiendo el record de asistencia ya que cerca de 3500 personas se dieron cita para ver a su ídolo. [In Chicago the name of LA Park is a guarantee of power and last February 17 he once again filled the Congress Theater, the building was insufficient for an audience that materially poured into the arena, breaking the attendance record as about 3500 people gathered to see their idol.]

Further reading

• Drasin, Ric; Collins, Bruce Dwight (2003). So, You Want to be a Wrestling Promoter?. Imprint Books. ISBN 1591099498.
• Snyder, Ronald (2017). Wrestling's New Golden Age: How Independent Promotions Have Revolutionized One of America's Favorite Sports. Sports Publishing. ISBN 978-1683580201.
• Greenberg, Keith Elliot (2020). Too Sweet: Inside the Indie Wrestling Revolution. ECW Press. ISBN 978-1773055763.

External links

• IndyProWrestling.com
• Independent Wrestling TV
• Quackenbush, Mike (August 31, 2020). "Pro Wrestling Basics: What is Indy/Indie Wrestling?". YouTube.com. Til We Make It.
• Monday, Michael (November 17, 2017). "The Bottom Rope: Inside the world of independent wrestling". YouTube.com. NJ Advance Media.
• Sharma, Ishaan (July 7, 2021). "How Indie Wrestling Is Different From WWE (& How It's The Same)". TheSportster.com.
• Mathewson, Dan (August 26, 2019). "The Problem with "Indie Wrestling" (hint: it's not the wrestling)". ProWrestlingStudies.org.