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Idaea (wife of Phineus)

January 01, 1970

For other uses, see Idaea.

In Greek mythology, Idaea or Idaia (Ancient Greek: Ἰδαία, 'she who comes from Ida' or 'she who lives on Ida')[1] was, by some accounts, the daughter of the Scythian king Dardanus, and the second wife of Phineus, the king of Thrace.[2] Idaea's false accusations against her stepsons were responsible for her husband's misfortunes. She was sent back to Scythia, where she was condemned to death.[3] Other ancient sources give other names for Phineus' second wife, including: Eidothea, sister of Cadmus, and Eurytia.[4]

Mythology edit

Idaea's husband was the blind seer Phineus, plagued by the Harpies, who was encountered by Jason and the Argonauts, when they landed in Thrace. By some accounts, it was Phineus' second wife Idaea who was the responsible for her husband's blindness.

According to one tradition, Phineus' first wife was Cleopatra the daughter of Boreas, god of the North wind. Phineus had two sons by Cleopatra (variously named), who were falsely accused by Phineus' second wife Idaea, causing Phineus to (or allow Idaea to) blind, or imprison and torture, or kill his sons. In punishment for this crime against his sons, Phineus was himself blinded.

Sources edit

Phineus' second wife is first encountered in the works of the fifth-century BC Greek poet Sophocles.[5] His Antigone, has a passing reference to the story, saying simply that Phineus' sons, by his first wife, a daughter of Boreas, were stabbed in the eyes with a shuttle, by their stepmother (not named).[6] However a scholiast on Apollonius of Rhodes' Argonautica says that, in a (now lost) Sophoclean play, the stepmother was named Idaea, and Phineus himself blinded his sons as a result of Idaea's slander.[7] A scholiast on Antigone says that Sophocles in his Tympanistai mentions Eidothea, sister of Cadmus, along with Idaea, daughter of Dardanus, as alternate possibilities for Phineus' second wife.[8] The same scholiast mentions versions of the story (perhaps Sophoclean) where the stepmother blinds the sons (as in Antigone) and imprisons the sons in a tomb,[9] or accused the sons of rape (and so they are blinded by Phineus as in the scholion to Argonautica).[10]

A scholiast to Homer, Odyssey 12.69, says that according to the Hellenistic mythographer Asclepiades (12F31), Phineus handed his sons over to their stepmother (here named Eurytia) to be killed, after they were slandered (presumably by her).[11] A second-century BC Cyzicene temple contained a bas-relief depicting the stepsons (here named Polymedes and Clytius) killing their "Phrygian stepmother" while their mother Cleopatra looks on with delight.[12]

In the first-century BC account of the Greek historian Diodorus Siculus, the sons were imprisoned, but apparently not blinded.[13] According to Diodorus, when the Argonauts landed in Thrace, they found Phineus' sons shut up inside a burial vault, where they had been continually whipped, having been falsely accused of rape by their stepmother Idaea, the daughter of the Scythian king Dardanus.[14] Rescued by the Argonauts, the sons wanted to torture Idaea to death, but dissuaded by Heracles, they instead sent Idaea back to her father in Scythia, urging him to punish her. And there Idaea was condemned to death.

Just as in the scholion to Antigone, the first- or second-century AD mythographer Apollodorus, says that Phineus' second wife Idaea, the daughter of Dardanus, falsely accused her stepsons (here named Plexippus and Pandion) of rape, so Phineus, believing Idaea, blinded his sons.[15]

Notes edit

  1. ^ Grimal, s.v. Idaea, p. 227.
  2. ^ Grimal, s.v. Idaea p. 227; Tripp, s.v. Idaea (1), p. 315.
  3. ^ Diodorus Siculus, 4.44.3–4.
  4. ^ Hard, pp. 386, 387; Smith, s.v. Phineus 3, which also mentions Dia as another name given.
  5. ^ For a detailed account of the early sources for Phineus' story see Gantz, pp. 349–356. See also Hard, pp. 386–387; Jebb, Headlam, and Pearson, pp. 311–315; Frazers's note 1 to Apollodorus, 3.15.3.
  6. ^ Gantz, p. 351; Sophocles, Antigone 966–987.
  7. ^ Gantz, p. 351; Scholiast on Apollonius of Rhodes Argonautica 2.178 [= Sophocles fr. 704].
  8. ^ Gantz, p. 351; Scholiast on Sophocles Antigone 981 [= Sophocles fr. 645].
  9. ^ Gantz, p. 351.
  10. ^ Gantz, p. 352.
  11. ^ Gantz, p. 352.
  12. ^ Gantz, p. 352; Palatine Anthology, 3.4 (Paton, pp. 152, 153).
  13. ^ Gantz, p. 352; Diodorus Siculus, 4.43.3–4, 4.44.3–4.
  14. ^ Diodorus Siculus, 4.43.3–4.
  15. ^ Gantz, p. 352; Apollodorus, 3.15.3. See also Hyginus, Fabulae 19, which simply says that Phineus blinded his two sons by Cleopatra, because of their stepmother's accusations.

References edit

  • Apollodorus, Apollodorus, The Library, with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer, F.B.A., F.R.S. in 2 Volumes. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1921. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
  • Diodorus Siculus, Diodorus Siculus: The Library of History. Translated by C. H. Oldfather. Twelve volumes. Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd. 1989. Online version by Bill Thayer
  • Gantz, Timothy, Early Greek Myth: A Guide to Literary and Artistic Sources, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996, Two volumes: ISBN 978-0-8018-5360-9 (Vol. 1), ISBN 978-0-8018-5362-3 (Vol. 2).
  • Grimal, Pierre, The Dictionary of Classical Mythology, Wiley-Blackwell, 1996, ISBN 9780631201021.
  • Hard, Robin, The Routledge Handbook of Greek Mythology: Based on H.J. Rose's "Handbook of Greek Mythology", Psychology Press, 2004, ISBN 9780415186360. Google Books.
  • Hyginus, Gaius Julius, Fabulae in Apollodorus' Library and Hyginus' Fabulae: Two Handbooks of Greek Mythology, Translated, with Introductions by R. Scott Smith and Stephen M. Trzaskoma, Hackett Publishing Company, 2007. ISBN 978-0-87220-821-6.
  • Jebb, Richard Claverhouse, W. G. Headlam, A. C. Pearson, The Fragments of Sophocles, Cambridge University Press, 2017. Volume II Internet Archive
  • Paton, W. R. (ed.), Greek Anthology, Volume I: Book 1: Christian Epigrams. Book 2: Description of the Statues in the Gymnasium of Zeuxippus. Book 3: Epigrams in the Temple of Apollonis at Cyzicus. Book 4: Prefaces to the Various Anthologies. Book 5: Erotic Epigrams. Translated by W. R. Paton. Revised by Michael A. Tueller. Loeb Classical Library No. 67. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2014. Online version at Harvard University Press.
  • Smith, William; Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London (1867). Online version at the Perseus Digital Library
  • Tripp, Edward, Crowell's Handbook of Classical Mythology, Thomas Y. Crowell Co; First edition (June 1970). ISBN 069022608X.

January 01, 1970
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For other uses see Idaea In Greek mythology Idaea or Idaia Ancient Greek Ἰdaia she who comes from Ida or she who lives on Ida 1 was by some accounts the daughter of the Scythian king Dardanus and the second wife of Phineus the king of Thrace 2 Idaea s false accusations against her stepsons were responsible for her husband s misfortunes She was sent back to Scythia where she was condemned to death 3 Other ancient sources give other names for Phineus second wife including Eidothea sister of Cadmus and Eurytia 4 Contents 1 Mythology 1 1 Sources 2 Notes 3 ReferencesMythology editIdaea s husband was the blind seer Phineus plagued by the Harpies who was encountered by Jason and the Argonauts when they landed in Thrace By some accounts it was Phineus second wife Idaea who was the responsible for her husband s blindness According to one tradition Phineus first wife was Cleopatra the daughter of Boreas god of the North wind Phineus had two sons by Cleopatra variously named who were falsely accused by Phineus second wife Idaea causing Phineus to or allow Idaea to blind or imprison and torture or kill his sons In punishment for this crime against his sons Phineus was himself blinded Sources edit Phineus second wife is first encountered in the works of the fifth century BC Greek poet Sophocles 5 His Antigone has a passing reference to the story saying simply that Phineus sons by his first wife a daughter of Boreas were stabbed in the eyes with a shuttle by their stepmother not named 6 However a scholiast on Apollonius of Rhodes Argonautica says that in a now lost Sophoclean play the stepmother was named Idaea and Phineus himself blinded his sons as a result of Idaea s slander 7 A scholiast on Antigone says that Sophocles in his Tympanistai mentions Eidothea sister of Cadmus along with Idaea daughter of Dardanus as alternate possibilities for Phineus second wife 8 The same scholiast mentions versions of the story perhaps Sophoclean where the stepmother blinds the sons as in Antigone and imprisons the sons in a tomb 9 or accused the sons of rape and so they are blinded by Phineus as in the scholion to Argonautica 10 A scholiast to Homer Odyssey 12 69 says that according to the Hellenistic mythographer Asclepiades 12F31 Phineus handed his sons over to their stepmother here named Eurytia to be killed after they were slandered presumably by her 11 A second century BC Cyzicene temple contained a bas relief depicting the stepsons here named Polymedes and Clytius killing their Phrygian stepmother while their mother Cleopatra looks on with delight 12 In the first century BC account of the Greek historian Diodorus Siculus the sons were imprisoned but apparently not blinded 13 According to Diodorus when the Argonauts landed in Thrace they found Phineus sons shut up inside a burial vault where they had been continually whipped having been falsely accused of rape by their stepmother Idaea the daughter of the Scythian king Dardanus 14 Rescued by the Argonauts the sons wanted to torture Idaea to death but dissuaded by Heracles they instead sent Idaea back to her father in Scythia urging him to punish her And there Idaea was condemned to death Just as in the scholion to Antigone the first or second century AD mythographer Apollodorus says that Phineus second wife Idaea the daughter of Dardanus falsely accused her stepsons here named Plexippus and Pandion of rape so Phineus believing Idaea blinded his sons 15 Notes edit Grimal s v Idaea p 227 Grimal s v Idaea p 227 Tripp s v Idaea 1 p 315 Diodorus Siculus 4 44 3 4 Hard pp 386 387 Smith s v Phineus 3 which also mentions Dia as another name given For a detailed account of the early sources for Phineus story see Gantz pp 349 356 See also Hard pp 386 387 Jebb Headlam and Pearson pp 311 315 Frazers s note 1 to Apollodorus 3 15 3 Gantz p 351 Sophocles Antigone 966 987 Gantz p 351 Scholiast on Apollonius of Rhodes Argonautica 2 178 Sophocles fr 704 Gantz p 351 Scholiast on Sophocles Antigone 981 Sophocles fr 645 Gantz p 351 Gantz p 352 Gantz p 352 Gantz p 352 Palatine Anthology 3 4 Paton pp 152 153 Gantz p 352 Diodorus Siculus 4 43 3 4 4 44 3 4 Diodorus Siculus 4 43 3 4 Gantz p 352 Apollodorus 3 15 3 See also Hyginus Fabulae 19 which simply says that Phineus blinded his two sons by Cleopatra because of their stepmother s accusations References editApollodorus Apollodorus The Library with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer F B A F R S in 2 Volumes Cambridge MA Harvard University Press London William Heinemann Ltd 1921 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library Diodorus Siculus Diodorus Siculus The Library of History Translated by C H Oldfather Twelve volumes Loeb Classical Library Cambridge MA Harvard University Press London William Heinemann Ltd 1989 Online version by Bill Thayer Gantz Timothy Early Greek Myth A Guide to Literary and Artistic Sources Johns Hopkins University Press 1996 Two volumes ISBN 978 0 8018 5360 9 Vol 1 ISBN 978 0 8018 5362 3 Vol 2 Grimal Pierre The Dictionary of Classical Mythology Wiley Blackwell 1996 ISBN 9780631201021 Hard Robin The Routledge Handbook of Greek Mythology Based on H J Rose s Handbook of Greek Mythology Psychology Press 2004 ISBN 9780415186360 Google Books Hyginus Gaius Julius Fabulae in Apollodorus Libraryand Hyginus Fabulae Two Handbooks of Greek Mythology Translated with Introductions by R Scott Smith and Stephen M Trzaskoma Hackett Publishing Company 2007 ISBN 978 0 87220 821 6 Jebb Richard Claverhouse W G Headlam A C Pearson The Fragments of Sophocles Cambridge University Press 2017 Volume II Internet Archive Paton W R ed Greek Anthology Volume I Book 1 Christian Epigrams Book 2 Description of the Statues in the Gymnasium of Zeuxippus Book 3 Epigrams in the Temple of Apollonis at Cyzicus Book 4 Prefaces to the Various Anthologies Book 5 Erotic Epigrams Translated by W R Paton Revised by Michael A Tueller Loeb Classical Library No 67 Cambridge MA Harvard University Press 2014 Online version at Harvard University Press Smith William Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology London 1867 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library Tripp Edward Crowell s Handbook of Classical Mythology Thomas Y Crowell Co First edition June 1970 ISBN 069022608X Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Idaea wife of Phineus amp oldid 1207731842, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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