Hydroxylammonium sulfate [NH3OH]2SO4, is the sulfuric acidsalt of hydroxylamine. It is primarily used as an easily handled form of hydroxylamine, which is explosive when pure.
Hydroxylammonium sulfate is prepared industrially via the Raschig hydroxylamine process, which involves the reduction of nitrite with bisulfite. This initially gives hydroxylamine disulfonate, which is hydrolysed to hydroxylammonium sulfate:[2] It can also be obtained by the acid-base reaction of hydroxylamine with sulfuric acid:
Hydroxylammonium sulfate is used in the production of anti-skinning agents, pharmaceuticals, rubber, textiles, plastics and detergents. It is a radical scavenger that terminates radical polymerization reactions and serves as an antioxidant in natural rubber. (NH3OH)2SO4 is a starting material for some insecticides, herbicides and growth regulators. It is used in photography as a stabiliser for colour developers and as an additive in photographic emulsions in colour film.
The reaction is exothermic above 138 °C, and is most exothermic at 177 °C.[3] Metals (especially copper, its alloys and its salts) catalyse the decomposition of hydroxylammonium sulfate. The instability of this compound is mainly due to the hydroxylammonium ion's weak nitrogen to oxygen single bond.
Referencesedit
^Mirceva, A.; Golic, L. (15 May 1995). "Hydroxylammonium Sulfate". Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications. 51 (5): 798–800. doi:10.1107/S0108270194013351.
^Oblath, S. B.; Markowitz, S. S.; Novakov, T.; Chang, S. G. (December 1982). "Kinetics of the initial reaction of nitrite ion in bisulfite solutions" (PDF). The Journal of Physical Chemistry. 86 (25): 4853–4857. doi:10.1021/j100222a005.
hydroxylammonium, sulfate, nh3oh, 2so4, sulfuric, acid, salt, hydroxylamine, primarily, used, easily, handled, form, hydroxylamine, which, explosive, when, pure, namesother, names, hydroxylamine, sulfateidentifierscas, number, 10039, model, jsmol, interactive,. Hydroxylammonium sulfate NH3OH 2SO4 is the sulfuric acid salt of hydroxylamine It is primarily used as an easily handled form of hydroxylamine which is explosive when pure Hydroxylammonium sulfate NamesOther names Hydroxylamine sulfateIdentifiersCAS Number 10039 54 0 Y3D model JSmol Interactive imageChEMBL ChEMBL3183215ChemSpider 23229 YECHA InfoCard 100 030 095EC Number 233 118 8PubChem CID 24846RTECS number NC5425000UNII 49KP498D4O YUN number 2865CompTox Dashboard EPA DTXSID2025424InChI InChI 1S 2H4NO H2O4S c2 1 2 1 5 2 3 4 h2 2H 1H3 H2 1 2 3 4 q2 1 p 2 YKey VGYYSIDKAKXZEE UHFFFAOYSA L YInChI 1 2H4NO H2O4S c2 1 2 1 5 2 3 4 h2 2H 1H3 H2 1 2 3 4 q2 1 p 2Key VGYYSIDKAKXZEE NUQVWONBANSMILES O S O O O O NH3 O NH3 PropertiesChemical formula H8N2O6SMolar mass 164 14 g molAppearance white crystalline to fine product slightly hygroscopicDensity 1 88 g cm3Melting point 120 C 248 F 393 K decomposesSolubility in water 58 7 g 100 ml 20 C Structure 1 Crystal structure MonoclinicSpace group P21 cLattice constant a 7 932 0 002 A b 7 321 0 002 A c 10 403 0 003 Aa 90 b 106 93 0 03 g 90 Formula units Z 4HazardsGHS labelling PictogramsSignal word WarningHazard statements H290 H302 H312 H315 H317 H319 H351 H373 H400 H412Precautionary statements P201 P202 P234 P260 P261 P264 P270 P272 P273 P280 P281 P301 P312 P302 P352 P305 P351 P338 P308 P313 P312 P314 P321 P322 P330 P332 P313 P333 P313 P337 P313 P362 P363 P390 P391 P404 P405 P501NFPA 704 fire diamond 312Safety data sheet SDS External MSDSRelated compoundsOther anions Hydroxylammonium nitrateHydroxylammonium chlorideOther cations Ammonium sulfateHydrazinium sulfateRelated compounds HydroxylamineExcept where otherwise noted data are given for materials in their standard state at 25 C 77 F 100 kPa Y verify what is Y N Infobox references Contents 1 Synthesis 2 Applications 3 Decomposition 4 References 5 External linksSynthesis editHydroxylammonium sulfate is prepared industrially via the Raschig hydroxylamine process which involves the reduction of nitrite with bisulfite This initially gives hydroxylamine disulfonate which is hydrolysed to hydroxylammonium sulfate 2 It can also be obtained by the acid base reaction of hydroxylamine with sulfuric acid 2 NH2OH aq H2SO4 aq NH3OH 2SO4 aq Applications editMain article Hydroxylamine Reactions Hydroxylammonium sulfate is used in organic synthesis to convert aldehydes and ketones to oximes carboxylic acids and their derivatives e g esters to hydroxamic acids isocyanates to N hydroxyureas and nitriles to amidoximes Hydroxylammonium sulfate is also used to generate hydroxylamine O sulfonic acid from oleum or chlorosulfuric acid Hydroxylammonium sulfate is used in the production of anti skinning agents pharmaceuticals rubber textiles plastics and detergents It is a radical scavenger that terminates radical polymerization reactions and serves as an antioxidant in natural rubber NH3OH 2SO4 is a starting material for some insecticides herbicides and growth regulators It is used in photography as a stabiliser for colour developers and as an additive in photographic emulsions in colour film Decomposition editAt 120 C hydroxylammonium sulfate begins to decompose to sulfur trioxide nitrous oxide water and ammonia dubious discuss 2 NH3OH 2SO4 2 SO3 N2O 2 NH3 5 H2OThe reaction is exothermic above 138 C and is most exothermic at 177 C 3 Metals especially copper its alloys and its salts catalyse the decomposition of hydroxylammonium sulfate The instability of this compound is mainly due to the hydroxylammonium ion s weak nitrogen to oxygen single bond References edit Mirceva A Golic L 15 May 1995 Hydroxylammonium Sulfate Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications 51 5 798 800 doi 10 1107 S0108270194013351 Oblath S B Markowitz S S Novakov T Chang S G December 1982 Kinetics of the initial reaction of nitrite ion in bisulfite solutions PDF The Journal of Physical Chemistry 86 25 4853 4857 doi 10 1021 j100222a005 BASF hydroxylammonium sulfate product pageExternal links editInternational Chemical Safety Card 0898 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Hydroxylammonium sulfate amp oldid 1217040559, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
