Heterogram (classical compound: "different" + "written") is a term used mostly in the study of ancient texts for a special kind of a logogram consisting of the embedded written representation of a word in a foreign language, which does not have a spoken counterpart in the main (matrix) language of the text. In most cases, the matrix and embedded languages share the same script. While from the perspective of the embedded language the word may be written either phonetically (representing the sounds of the embedded language) or logographically, it is never a phonetic spelling from the point of view of the matrix language of the text, since there is no relationship between the symbols used and the underlying pronunciation of the word in the matrix language.
In English, the written abbreviations e.g., i.e., and viz. are sometimes read respectively as "for example", "that is", and "namely". When read this way, the abbreviations for the Latin phrases exempli gratia, id est, and videlicet are being used logographically to indicate English phrases which are rough translations. Similarly, the ampersand ⟨&⟩, originally a ligature for the Latin word et, in many European languages stands logographically for the local word for "and" regardless of pronunciation. This can be contrasted with the older way of abbreviating et cetera—&c.—where ⟨&⟩ is used to represent et as a full loanword, not a heterogram.
Heterograms are frequent in cuneiform scripts, such as the Akkadian cuneiform, which uses Sumerian heterograms, or the Anatolian cuneiform, which uses both Sumerian and Akkadian heterograms.[1] In Middle Iranian scripts derived from the Aramaic scripts (such as the Pahlavi scripts), all logograms are heterograms coming from Aramaic.[2] Sometimes such heterograms are referred to by terms identifying the source language such as "Sumerograms" or "Aramaeograms". Another example is kanji in Japanese, literally "Sinograms" or "Han characters".
^Kudrinski M. and I. Yakubovich. 2016. Sumerograms and Akkadograms in Hittite: Ideograms, Logograms, Allograms, or Heterograms? Altorientalische Forschungen 43(1-2): 53-66.
heterogram, linguistics, this, article, includes, list, general, references, lacks, sufficient, corresponding, inline, citations, please, help, improve, this, article, introducing, more, precise, citations, september, 2015, learn, when, remove, this, template,. This article includes a list of general references but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations September 2015 Learn how and when to remove this template message Heterogram classical compound different written is a term used mostly in the study of ancient texts for a special kind of a logogram consisting of the embedded written representation of a word in a foreign language which does not have a spoken counterpart in the main matrix language of the text In most cases the matrix and embedded languages share the same script While from the perspective of the embedded language the word may be written either phonetically representing the sounds of the embedded language or logographically it is never a phonetic spelling from the point of view of the matrix language of the text since there is no relationship between the symbols used and the underlying pronunciation of the word in the matrix language In English the written abbreviations e g i e and viz are sometimes read respectively as for example that is and namely When read this way the abbreviations for the Latin phrases exempli gratia id est and videlicet are being used logographically to indicate English phrases which are rough translations Similarly the ampersand amp originally a ligature for the Latin word et in many European languages stands logographically for the local word for and regardless of pronunciation This can be contrasted with the older way of abbreviating et cetera amp c where amp is used to represent et as a full loanword not a heterogram Heterograms are frequent in cuneiform scripts such as the Akkadian cuneiform which uses Sumerian heterograms or the Anatolian cuneiform which uses both Sumerian and Akkadian heterograms 1 In Middle Iranian scripts derived from the Aramaic scripts such as the Pahlavi scripts all logograms are heterograms coming from Aramaic 2 Sometimes such heterograms are referred to by terms identifying the source language such as Sumerograms or Aramaeograms Another example is kanji in Japanese literally Sinograms or Han characters See also EditHeterography and homography Ideogram LogogramReferences Edit Kudrinski M and I Yakubovich 2016 Sumerograms and Akkadograms in Hittite Ideograms Logograms Allograms or Heterograms Altorientalische Forschungen 43 1 2 53 66 Encyclopedia Iranica Huswares Encyclopedia Iranica Ideographic Writing Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Heterogram linguistics amp oldid 1105703248, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
