Halil İnalcık (7 September 1916[a] – 25 July 2016) was a Turkish historian. His highly influential research centered on social and economic approaches to the Ottoman Empire. His academic career started at Ankara University, where he completed his PhD and worked between 1940 and 1972. Between 1972 and 1986 he taught Ottoman history at the University of Chicago. From 1994 on he taught at Bilkent University, where he founded the history department. He was a founding member of Eurasian Academy.[3]
He was born in Istanbul on 7 September 1916 to a Crimean Tatar family that left Crimea for the city in 1905.[1][4][5][6] He attended Balıkesir Teacher Training School, and then Ankara University, Faculty of Language, History and Geography, Department of History, from which he graduated in 1940.[7] His work on Timur drew the attention of Mehmet Fuat Köprülü, who facilitated his entry as an assistant to the Modern Age Department of the university. He completed his PhD in 1942 in the same department. His PhD thesis was on the Bulgarian question in the late Ottoman Empire, specifically during tanzimat, and constituted one of the first socioeconomic approaches in Turkish historiography. In December 1943, he became assistant professor and his research interest became focused on the social and economic aspects of the Ottoman Empire. He worked on the Ottoman judicial records of Bursa and in the Ottoman archives in Istanbul. He became a member of the Turkish Historical Society in 1947.[1]
In 1949, he was sent by the university to London, where he worked on Ottoman and Turkic inscriptions in the British Museum and attended seminars by Paul Wittek at the School of Oriental and African Studies. Here, he met other influential historians such as Bernard Lewis. He attended a congress in Paris in 1950, where he met Fernand Braudel, whose work greatly influenced him. He returned to Turkey in 1951 and became a professor in the same department in 1952. He lectured as a visiting professor in Columbia University in 1953–54 and worked and studied as a research fellow at Harvard University in 1956–57. Upon his return to Turkey, he lectured on Ottoman, European and American history as well as administrative organization and Atatürk's reforms. In 1967, he lectured as a visiting professor in Princeton University and the University of Pennsylvania. He joined the International Association of Southeastern European Studies (French: Association Internationale des Etudes du Sud-Est Européen) in 1966 and held the presidency of this institution between 1971 and 1974.[1]
In 1971, Harvard University offered him a permanent teaching position and the University of Pennsylvania offered him a five-year contract. He refused these, wishing to stay in Turkey. However, in the meantime, the political turmoil in Turkey worsened and students became increasingly involved in conflict, hindering education. In 1972, he accepted an invitation to join the faculty of the University of Chicago, where he taught Ottoman history until 1986.[8] Between 1990 and 1992, he lectured as a visiting professor at Harvard and Princeton. In 1992, he returned to Turkey after an invitation by Bilkent University, where he founded the history department, teaching at the postgraduate level,[1] and taught until his death.[9] In 1993, he donated his collection of books, journals and off-prints on the history of Ottoman Empire to the library of Bilkent University.[10] He had been a member and president of many international organizations, he was a member of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts in Department of Historical Sciences, also a member of the Institute of Turkish Studies.[11]
İnalcık died on 25 July 2016[12] and is buried in the Fatih Mosque in Istanbul.
Work and impact
İnalcık's work was centered upon a social and economic analysis of the Ottoman Empire.[13] He aimed at both countering what he saw as the hostile, biased narrative presented by western sources at the onset of his work and what he saw as an exaggerated, romanticized and nationalistic historiography in Turkey itself. He exemplified the biased western narrative he tried to dispel as Franz Babinger's depiction of Mehmed the Conqueror as a bloodthirsty, sadistic personality.[8] He criticized generalizing approaches to Ottoman history as such approaches, he argued, lacked social or economic insight due to a lack of research.[1] He was the first historian to study Ottoman judicial records in depth to deduce elements of the socioeconomic factors in the Ottoman society. When he first started his research in the 1940s, such documents were believed to be useless due in part to the recent change of alphabet and were being stored in unfavorable conditions or altogether destroyed.[14]
İnalcık corrected a number of wrong convictions about Ottoman and Turkish history.[9] One such instance was his discovery that the proposition that the Ottoman dynasty belonged to the Kayı tribe was fabricated in the 15th century.[8] According to Immanuel Wallerstein, İnalcık shaped the discipline of historical research with his unique methodology and led to many students in his school of thought approaching issues from a number of socioeconomic and cultural perspectives.[9]
He was influenced by the works of Fuad Köprülü, Fernand Braudel and Ömer Lütfi Barkan.[13]
List of publications
His most important work was his first book, Hicrî 835 tarihli Sûret-i defter-i sancak-i Arvanid (Copied of register for A.H. 835 in Sanjak of Albania), which was published at Ankara in 1954 and presented one of the earliest available land register in Ottoman Empire's archives.[15][16]
^According to his CV on his website, he was born on 7 September 1916.[1] However, other sources have given 26 May 1916 as a possible date of birth.[2]
References
^ abcdef. Halil İnalcık's website. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
^Prof. Dr. Melek Delibaşı'nın İnalcık hakkındaki bir yazısı
^"Halil Inalcık". Eurasia Academy. Retrieved 28 July 2016.
^The Encyclopædia Britannica, Vol.7, Edited by Hugh Chisholm, (1911), 3; "Constantinople, the capital of the Turkish Empire...".
^Britannica, Istanbul 18 December 2007 at the Wayback Machine:When the Republic of Turkey was founded in 1923, the capital was moved to Ankara, and Constantinople was officially renamed Istanbul in 1930.
^Türk tarihçiliğinde dört sima: Halil İnalcık, Halil Sahillioğlu, Mehmet Genç, İlber Ortaylı. Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality. 2006. p. 9.
^"İnalcık, Halil". Büyük Larousse. Vol. 11. Milliyet. p. 5669.
^ abcBayazoğlu, Ümit (19 November 2015). "Tarihi düzelten adam". T24. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
^ abc"Tarihçi Halil İnalcık Hayatını Kaybetti". Bianet.org. Retrieved 28 July 2016.
^Bilkent University Library, HALİL İNALCIK COLLECTION 4 March 2010 at the Wayback Machine
^. Turkishstudies.org. Archived from the original on 25 February 2015. Retrieved 28 July 2016.
^"Leading Turkish historian Halil İnalcık dies at age 100". Daily Sabah. 25 July 2016. Retrieved 28 July 2016.
^ abGüneş Yağcı, Zübeyde (2013). (PDF). History Studies: International Journal of History. 5 (2): 589–599. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 August 2016. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
^Arı, Bülent (2005). "Türk-İslam-Osmanlı Şehirciliği ve Halil İnalcık'ın Çalışmaları" (PDF). Türkiye Araştırmaları Literatür Dergisi. 3 (6).
^Nejdet Gök (2001). "Introduction of the Berat in Ottoman Diplomatics". Bulgarian Historical Review (3–4): 141–150.
^Mert, H (August 2010). . Turkish Airlines web site. Archived from the original on 26 September 2011. Retrieved 20 March 2011. It is my most important work: Sûreti Defter-i Sancak-i Arvanid, Timar Kayıtları (The Fief Records of the Register for Arvanid Province).
^ ab"Makaleleri". Halil Inalcık's website. Archived from the original on 28 July 2016. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
^İnalcık, Halil (1969). "The Policy of Mehmed II toward the Greek Population of Istanbul and the Byzantine Buildings of the City". Dumbarton Oaks Papers. 23/24: 229–249. doi:10.2307/1291293. JSTOR 1291293.
^İnalcık, Halil (1969). "Capital Formation in the Ottoman Empire". JSTOR 1291293. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
^"Kitapları". Halil İnalcık's website. Archived from the original on 28 July 2016. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
^Turksoy, HONOUR MEDAL OF TURKSOY AWARDED TO PROF. DR. HALIL INALCIK Archived 18 September 2012 at archive.today, 16 February 2012
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Halil İnalcık.
Official Web Page – Halil İnalcık Web Page Archived 26 January 2013 at archive.today
Bilkent University –
March 27, 2023
halil, inalcık, september, 1916, july, 2016, turkish, historian, highly, influential, research, centered, social, economic, approaches, ottoman, empire, academic, career, started, ankara, university, where, completed, worked, between, 1940, 1972, between, 1972. Halil Inalcik 7 September 1916 a 25 July 2016 was a Turkish historian His highly influential research centered on social and economic approaches to the Ottoman Empire His academic career started at Ankara University where he completed his PhD and worked between 1940 and 1972 Between 1972 and 1986 he taught Ottoman history at the University of Chicago From 1994 on he taught at Bilkent University where he founded the history department He was a founding member of Eurasian Academy 3 Halil InalcikBorn 1916 09 07 7 September 1916Istanbul Ottoman EmpireDied25 July 2016 2016 07 25 aged 99 Ankara TurkeyNationalityTurkishAlma materAnkara University University of Chicago Bilkent University University of LondonOccupationHistorianYears active1940 2016 Contents 1 Biography 2 Work and impact 2 1 List of publications 3 Awards 4 Footnotes 5 References 6 External linksBiography EditHe was born in Istanbul on 7 September 1916 to a Crimean Tatar family that left Crimea for the city in 1905 1 4 5 6 He attended Balikesir Teacher Training School and then Ankara University Faculty of Language History and Geography Department of History from which he graduated in 1940 7 His work on Timur drew the attention of Mehmet Fuat Koprulu who facilitated his entry as an assistant to the Modern Age Department of the university He completed his PhD in 1942 in the same department His PhD thesis was on the Bulgarian question in the late Ottoman Empire specifically during tanzimat and constituted one of the first socioeconomic approaches in Turkish historiography In December 1943 he became assistant professor and his research interest became focused on the social and economic aspects of the Ottoman Empire He worked on the Ottoman judicial records of Bursa and in the Ottoman archives in Istanbul He became a member of the Turkish Historical Society in 1947 1 In 1949 he was sent by the university to London where he worked on Ottoman and Turkic inscriptions in the British Museum and attended seminars by Paul Wittek at the School of Oriental and African Studies Here he met other influential historians such as Bernard Lewis He attended a congress in Paris in 1950 where he met Fernand Braudel whose work greatly influenced him He returned to Turkey in 1951 and became a professor in the same department in 1952 He lectured as a visiting professor in Columbia University in 1953 54 and worked and studied as a research fellow at Harvard University in 1956 57 Upon his return to Turkey he lectured on Ottoman European and American history as well as administrative organization and Ataturk s reforms In 1967 he lectured as a visiting professor in Princeton University and the University of Pennsylvania He joined the International Association of Southeastern European Studies French Association Internationale des Etudes du Sud Est Europeen in 1966 and held the presidency of this institution between 1971 and 1974 1 In 1971 Harvard University offered him a permanent teaching position and the University of Pennsylvania offered him a five year contract He refused these wishing to stay in Turkey However in the meantime the political turmoil in Turkey worsened and students became increasingly involved in conflict hindering education In 1972 he accepted an invitation to join the faculty of the University of Chicago where he taught Ottoman history until 1986 8 Between 1990 and 1992 he lectured as a visiting professor at Harvard and Princeton In 1992 he returned to Turkey after an invitation by Bilkent University where he founded the history department teaching at the postgraduate level 1 and taught until his death 9 In 1993 he donated his collection of books journals and off prints on the history of Ottoman Empire to the library of Bilkent University 10 He had been a member and president of many international organizations he was a member of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts in Department of Historical Sciences also a member of the Institute of Turkish Studies 11 Halil Inalcik s grave Fatih Mosque Istanbul Inalcik died on 25 July 2016 12 and is buried in the Fatih Mosque in Istanbul Work and impact EditInalcik s work was centered upon a social and economic analysis of the Ottoman Empire 13 He aimed at both countering what he saw as the hostile biased narrative presented by western sources at the onset of his work and what he saw as an exaggerated romanticized and nationalistic historiography in Turkey itself He exemplified the biased western narrative he tried to dispel as Franz Babinger s depiction of Mehmed the Conqueror as a bloodthirsty sadistic personality 8 He criticized generalizing approaches to Ottoman history as such approaches he argued lacked social or economic insight due to a lack of research 1 He was the first historian to study Ottoman judicial records in depth to deduce elements of the socioeconomic factors in the Ottoman society When he first started his research in the 1940s such documents were believed to be useless due in part to the recent change of alphabet and were being stored in unfavorable conditions or altogether destroyed 14 Inalcik corrected a number of wrong convictions about Ottoman and Turkish history 9 One such instance was his discovery that the proposition that the Ottoman dynasty belonged to the Kayi tribe was fabricated in the 15th century 8 According to Immanuel Wallerstein Inalcik shaped the discipline of historical research with his unique methodology and led to many students in his school of thought approaching issues from a number of socioeconomic and cultural perspectives 9 He was influenced by the works of Fuad Koprulu Fernand Braudel and Omer Lutfi Barkan 13 List of publications Edit His most important work was his first book Hicri 835 tarihli Suret i defter i sancak i Arvanid Copied of register for A H 835 in Sanjak of Albania which was published at Ankara in 1954 and presented one of the earliest available land register in Ottoman Empire s archives 15 16 in English 17 The Origin of the Ottoman Russian Rivalry and the Don Volga Canal 1569 Ankara Turk Tarih Kurunui Basimevi 1948 The Policy of Mehmed II toward the Greek Population of Istanbul and the Byzantine Buildings of the City 1968 18 Capital Formation in the Ottoman Empire 1969 The Journal of Economic History Vol 29 No 1 The Tasks of Economic History pp 97 140 19 Ottoman Policy and Administration in Cyprus after the Conquest 1969 History of the Ottoman Empire Classical Age 1300 1600 1973 The Ottoman Empire Conquest Organization and Economy 1978 Studies in Ottoman Social and Economic History 1985 The Middle East and the Balkans under the Ottoman Empire Essays on Economy and Society 1993 An Economic and Social History of the Ottoman Empire 1300 1914 with Donald Quataert 1994 From Empire to Republic Essays on Ottoman and Turkish Social History 1995 Sources and Studies on the Ottoman Black Sea The Customs Register of Caffa 1487 1490 1996 Essays in Ottoman History 1998 in Turkish 17 20 Makaleler 1 Dogu Bati Dogu Bati Yayinlari 2005 Fatih devri uzerinde tetkikler ve vesikalar Ankara 1954 Osmanli da Devlet Hukuk Adalet Eren Yayincilik 2000 Osmanli Imparatorlugu nun Ekonomik ve Sosyal Tarihi Cilt 1 1300 1600 Eren Yayincilik Prof Dr Donald Quataert ile 2001 Osmanli Imparatorlugu nun Ekonomik ve Sosyal Tarihi Cilt 2 1600 1914 Eren Yayincilik 2004 Osmanli Imparatorlugu Toplum ve Ekonomi Eren Yayincilik Osmanli Imparatorlugu Klasik Cag 1300 1600 Yapi Kredi Yayinlari 2003 Tanzimat ve Bulgar Meselesi Eren Yayincilik ABD Tarihi Allan Nevins Henry Steele Commager ceviri Dogu Bati Yayinlari 2005 Sair ve Patron Dogu Bati Yayinlari 2003 Balkanlar Prof Dr Erol Manisali ile Ataturk ve Demokratik Turkiye Kirmizi Yayininlari 1 Baski Temmuz 2007 2 Baski Aralik 2007 Devlet i Aliyye 1 Baski 2009 Kurulus Osmanli Tarihini Yeniden Yazmak Tanzimat Degisim Surecinde Osmanli Imparatorlugu Mehmet Seyitdanlioglu ile birlikte Is Bankasi Kultur Yayinlari 2011 OSMANLILAR Futuhat ve Avrupa Ile Iliskiler Has Bagcede Ays u Tarab Nedimler Sairler Mutripler Is Bankasi Kultur Yayinlari 2011 Kurulus ve Imparatorluk Surecinde Osmanli Osmanlilar 2010 Kurulus ve Imparatorluk Surecinde Osmanli 2011 Ronesans Avrupasi Turkiye nin Bati Medeniyetiyle Ozdeslesme Sureci Is Bankasi Kultur Yayinlari 2011 Osmanli ve Modern Turkiye Timas Yayinlari 2013 Devlet i Aliyye Tagayyur ve Fesad Osmanli Imparatorlugu Uzerine Arastirmalar II Is Bankasi Kultur Yayinlari 2014 Awards EditTURKSOY Honor Medal 21 Footnotes Edit According to his CV on his website he was born on 7 September 1916 1 However other sources have given 26 May 1916 as a possible date of birth 2 References Edit a b c d e f Oz Gecmisi CV Halil Inalcik s website Archived from the original on 24 September 2015 Retrieved 25 July 2016 Prof Dr Melek Delibasi nin Inalcik hakkindaki bir yazisi Halil Inalcik Eurasia Academy Retrieved 28 July 2016 The Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 7 Edited by Hugh Chisholm 1911 3 Constantinople the capital of the Turkish Empire Britannica Istanbul Archived 18 December 2007 at the Wayback Machine When the Republic of Turkey was founded in 1923 the capital was moved to Ankara and Constantinople was officially renamed Istanbul in 1930 Turk tarihciliginde dort sima Halil Inalcik Halil Sahillioglu Mehmet Genc Ilber Ortayli Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality 2006 p 9 Inalcik Halil Buyuk Larousse Vol 11 Milliyet p 5669 a b c Bayazoglu Umit 19 November 2015 Tarihi duzelten adam T24 Retrieved 25 July 2016 a b c Tarihci Halil Inalcik Hayatini Kaybetti Bianet org Retrieved 28 July 2016 Bilkent University Library HALIL INALCIK COLLECTION Archived 4 March 2010 at the Wayback Machine Associate Members About The Institute of Turkish Studies Turkishstudies org Archived from the original on 25 February 2015 Retrieved 28 July 2016 Leading Turkish historian Halil Inalcik dies at age 100 Daily Sabah 25 July 2016 Retrieved 28 July 2016 a b Gunes Yagci Zubeyde 2013 Prof Dr Halil Inalcik PDF History Studies International Journal of History 5 2 589 599 Archived from the original PDF on 3 August 2016 Retrieved 25 July 2016 Ari Bulent 2005 Turk Islam Osmanli Sehirciligi ve Halil Inalcik in Calismalari PDF Turkiye Arastirmalari Literatur Dergisi 3 6 Nejdet Gok 2001 Introduction of the Berat in Ottoman Diplomatics Bulgarian Historical Review 3 4 141 150 Mert H August 2010 Living History Halil Inanvcik Turkish Airlines web site Archived from the original on 26 September 2011 Retrieved 20 March 2011 It is my most important work Sureti Defter i Sancak i Arvanid Timar Kayitlari The Fief Records of the Register for Arvanid Province a b Makaleleri Halil Inalcik s website Archived from the original on 28 July 2016 Retrieved 25 July 2016 Inalcik Halil 1969 The Policy of Mehmed II toward the Greek Population of Istanbul and the Byzantine Buildings of the City Dumbarton Oaks Papers 23 24 229 249 doi 10 2307 1291293 JSTOR 1291293 Inalcik Halil 1969 Capital Formation in the Ottoman Empire JSTOR 1291293 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Cite journal requires journal help Kitaplari Halil Inalcik s website Archived from the original on 28 July 2016 Retrieved 25 July 2016 Turksoy HONOUR MEDAL OF TURKSOY AWARDED TO PROF DR HALIL INALCIK Archived 18 September 2012 at archive today 16 February 2012External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Halil Inalcik Official Web Page Halil Inalcik Web Page Archived 26 January 2013 at archive today Bilkent University Halil Inalcik Collection Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Halil Inalcik amp oldid 1144735704, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
