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HR 8799 c

January 01, 1970

HR 8799 c is an extrasolar planet located approximately 129 light-years away in the constellation of Pegasus, orbiting the 6th magnitude Lambda Boötis star HR 8799. This planet has a mass between 5 and 10 Jupiter masses and a radius from 20 to 30% larger than Jupiter's. It orbits at 38 AU from HR 8799 with an unknown eccentricity and a period of 190 years; it is the 2nd planet discovered in the HR 8799 system. Along with two other planets orbiting HR 8799, this planet was discovered on November 13, 2008, by Marois et al., using the Keck and the Gemini observatories in Hawaii. These planets were discovered using the direct imaging technique.[1][4][5][6][7] In January 2010, HR 8799 c became the 3rd exoplanet to have a portion of its spectrum directly observed (following 2M1207b and 1RXS J1609b), confirming the feasibility of direct spectrographic studies of exoplanets.[2][8]

HR 8799 c
Size comparison of HR 8799 c (gray) with Jupiter.
Discovery
Discovered byMarois et al.
Discovery siteKeck and Gemini
observatories in Hawaii
Discovery dateNovember 13, 2008
Direct imaging
Orbital characteristics
~ 38 AU
~ 190[1][note 1] y
StarHR 8799
Physical characteristics
Mean radius
1.3[2] RJ
Mass7+3
−2[3] MJ
Temperature1090+10
−90[1] K

Spectra edit

 
The spectrum of the planet HR 8799 c. The spectrum of the star and the planet was obtained with the NACO adaptive optics instrument on ESO’s Very Large Telescope.

Near infrared spectroscopy from 995 to 1769 nanometers made with the Palomar Observatory show evidence of ammonia, perhaps some acetylene but neither carbon dioxide nor substantial methane.[9] High resolution spectroscopy with the OSIRIS instrument on the Keck Observatory show numerous well resolved lines of molecular absorption in the planet's atmosphere in the K band. Although methane is absent, the planet's atmosphere contains both water and carbon monoxide; the carbon-to-oxygen ratio of HR 8799 c is higher than that of its star, suggesting that the planet formed through the core accretion process.[10][11]

Later, in November 2018, researchers confirmed the existence of water and the absence of methane in the atmosphere of HR 8799c, using high-resolution spectroscopy and near-infrared adaptive optics (NIRSPAO) at the Keck Observatory.[12][13]

The detection of water and carbon monoxide in the planetary atmosphere was announced in 2021.[14]

See also edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ Value given assuming the planet's orbit is circular and is being observed face-on.

References edit

  1. ^ a b c Marois, Christian; et al. (November 2008). "Direct Imaging of Multiple Planets Orbiting the Star HR 8799". Science. 322 (5906): 1348–1352. arXiv:0811.2606. Bibcode:2008Sci...322.1348M. doi:10.1126/science.1166585. PMID 19008415. S2CID 206516630.
  2. ^ a b Jason, M.; C. Bergfors; M. Goto; W. Brandner; D. Lafrenière (2010). "Spatially resolved spectroscopy of the exoplanet HR 8799 c" (PDF). The Astrophysical Journal. 710 (1): L35–L38. arXiv:1001.2017. Bibcode:2010ApJ...710L..35J. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/710/1/l35. S2CID 9159181. Retrieved 2010-01-13.
  3. ^ Marois; Zuckerman; Konopacky; Macintosh; Barman (2010). "Images of a fourth planet orbiting HR 8799". Nature. 468 (7327): 1080–1083. arXiv:1011.4918. Bibcode:2010Natur.468.1080M. doi:10.1038/nature09684. PMID 21150902. S2CID 4425891.
  4. ^ (Press release). W. M. Keck Observatory. 2008-11-13. Archived from the original on 2013-11-26. Retrieved 2008-12-02.
  5. ^ "Gemini Releases Historic Discovery Image of Planetary First Family" (Press release). Gemini Observatory. 2008-11-13. Retrieved 2008-12-02.
  6. ^ Achenbach, Joel (2008-11-13). "Scientists Publish First Direct Images of Extrasolar Planets". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2008-12-02.
  7. ^ Fabrycky; et al. (2010). "Stability of the directly imaged multiplanet system HR 8799: resonance and masses". Astrophys. J. 710 (2): 1408–1421. arXiv:0812.0011. Bibcode:2010ApJ...710.1408F. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/710/2/1408. S2CID 11760422.
  8. ^ Janson, M. (13 January 2010). "VLT Captures First Direct Spectrum of an Exoplanet". ESO. La Silla Observatory: 2. Bibcode:2010eso..pres....2. Retrieved 2010-01-13.
  9. ^ B. R. Oppenheimer (2013). "Reconnaissance of the HR 8799 Exosolar System I: Near IR Spectroscopy". The Astrophysical Journal. 768 (1). Cornell University: 24. arXiv:1303.2627. Bibcode:2013ApJ...768...24O. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/768/1/24. S2CID 7173368.
  10. ^ . Archived from the original on 2019-03-30. Retrieved 2013-03-14.
  11. ^ "Giant Alien Planet in Supersized Solar System May Solve Mystery". Space.com. 2013-03-14. from the original on 2023-06-07.
  12. ^ W. M. Keck Observatory (20 November 2018). "Exoplanet stepping stones - Researchers are perfecting technology to one day look for signs of alien life". EurekAlert!. Retrieved 21 November 2018.
  13. ^ Wang, Ji; et al. (20 November 2018). "Detecting Water in the Atmosphere of HR 8799 c with L-band High-dispersion Spectroscopy Aided by Adaptive Optics". The Astronomical Journal. 156 (6): 272. arXiv:1809.09080. Bibcode:2018AJ....156..272W. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aae47b. S2CID 119372301.
  14. ^ Wang, Jason J.; et al. (2021), "Detection and Bulk Properties of the HR 8799 Planets with High-resolution Spectroscopy", The Astronomical Journal, 162 (4): 148, arXiv:2107.06949, Bibcode:2021AJ....162..148W, doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac1349, S2CID 235898867

External links edit

  Media related to HR 8799 c at Wikimedia Commons

  • . Exoplanets. Archived from the original on 2012-03-04. Retrieved 2008-12-02.

January 01, 1970
8799, extrasolar, planet, located, approximately, light, years, away, constellation, pegasus, orbiting, magnitude, lambda, boötis, star, 8799, this, planet, mass, between, jupiter, masses, radius, from, larger, than, jupiter, orbits, from, 8799, with, unknown,. HR 8799 c is an extrasolar planet located approximately 129 light years away in the constellation of Pegasus orbiting the 6th magnitude Lambda Bootis star HR 8799 This planet has a mass between 5 and 10 Jupiter masses and a radius from 20 to 30 larger than Jupiter s It orbits at 38 AU from HR 8799 with an unknown eccentricity and a period of 190 years it is the 2nd planet discovered in the HR 8799 system Along with two other planets orbiting HR 8799 this planet was discovered on November 13 2008 by Marois et al using the Keck and the Gemini observatories in Hawaii These planets were discovered using the direct imaging technique 1 4 5 6 7 In January 2010 HR 8799 c became the 3rd exoplanet to have a portion of its spectrum directly observed following 2M1207b and 1RXS J1609b confirming the feasibility of direct spectrographic studies of exoplanets 2 8 HR 8799 cSize comparison of HR 8799 c gray with Jupiter DiscoveryDiscovered byMarois et al Discovery siteKeck and Geminiobservatories in HawaiiDiscovery dateNovember 13 2008Detection methodDirect imagingOrbital characteristicsSemi major axis 38 AUOrbital period sidereal 190 1 note 1 yStarHR 8799Physical characteristicsMean radius1 3 2 RJMass7 3 2 3 MJTemperature1090 10 90 1 KSpectra edit nbsp The spectrum of the planet HR 8799 c The spectrum of the star and the planet was obtained with the NACO adaptive optics instrument on ESO s Very Large Telescope Near infrared spectroscopy from 995 to 1769 nanometers made with the Palomar Observatory show evidence of ammonia perhaps some acetylene but neither carbon dioxide nor substantial methane 9 High resolution spectroscopy with the OSIRIS instrument on the Keck Observatory show numerous well resolved lines of molecular absorption in the planet s atmosphere in the K band Although methane is absent the planet s atmosphere contains both water and carbon monoxide the carbon to oxygen ratio of HR 8799 c is higher than that of its star suggesting that the planet formed through the core accretion process 10 11 Later in November 2018 researchers confirmed the existence of water and the absence of methane in the atmosphere of HR 8799c using high resolution spectroscopy and near infrared adaptive optics NIRSPAO at the Keck Observatory 12 13 The detection of water and carbon monoxide in the planetary atmosphere was announced in 2021 14 See also editFomalhaut bNotes edit Value given assuming the planet s orbit is circular and is being observed face on References edit a b c Marois Christian et al November 2008 Direct Imaging of Multiple Planets Orbiting the Star HR 8799 Science 322 5906 1348 1352 arXiv 0811 2606 Bibcode 2008Sci 322 1348M doi 10 1126 science 1166585 PMID 19008415 S2CID 206516630 a b Jason M C Bergfors M Goto W Brandner D Lafreniere 2010 Spatially resolved spectroscopy of the exoplanet HR 8799 c PDF The Astrophysical Journal 710 1 L35 L38 arXiv 1001 2017 Bibcode 2010ApJ 710L 35J doi 10 1088 2041 8205 710 1 l35 S2CID 9159181 Retrieved 2010 01 13 Marois Zuckerman Konopacky Macintosh Barman 2010 Images of a fourth planet orbiting HR 8799 Nature 468 7327 1080 1083 arXiv 1011 4918 Bibcode 2010Natur 468 1080M doi 10 1038 nature09684 PMID 21150902 S2CID 4425891 Astronomers capture first images of newly discovered solar system Press release W M Keck Observatory 2008 11 13 Archived from the original on 2013 11 26 Retrieved 2008 12 02 Gemini Releases Historic Discovery Image of Planetary First Family Press release Gemini Observatory 2008 11 13 Retrieved 2008 12 02 Achenbach Joel 2008 11 13 Scientists Publish First Direct Images of Extrasolar Planets The Washington Post Retrieved 2008 12 02 Fabrycky et al 2010 Stability of the directly imaged multiplanet system HR 8799 resonance and masses Astrophys J 710 2 1408 1421 arXiv 0812 0011 Bibcode 2010ApJ 710 1408F doi 10 1088 0004 637X 710 2 1408 S2CID 11760422 Janson M 13 January 2010 VLT Captures First Direct Spectrum of an Exoplanet ESO La Silla Observatory 2 Bibcode 2010eso pres 2 Retrieved 2010 01 13 B R Oppenheimer 2013 Reconnaissance of the HR 8799 Exosolar System I Near IR Spectroscopy The Astrophysical Journal 768 1 Cornell University 24 arXiv 1303 2627 Bibcode 2013ApJ 768 24O doi 10 1088 0004 637X 768 1 24 S2CID 7173368 Alien planet s atmosphere contains water and carbon monoxide Archived from the original on 2019 03 30 Retrieved 2013 03 14 Giant Alien Planet in Supersized Solar System May Solve Mystery Space com 2013 03 14 Archived from the original on 2023 06 07 W M Keck Observatory 20 November 2018 Exoplanet stepping stones Researchers are perfecting technology to one day look for signs of alien life EurekAlert Retrieved 21 November 2018 Wang Ji et al 20 November 2018 Detecting Water in the Atmosphere of HR 8799 c with L band High dispersion Spectroscopy Aided by Adaptive Optics The Astronomical Journal 156 6 272 arXiv 1809 09080 Bibcode 2018AJ 156 272W doi 10 3847 1538 3881 aae47b S2CID 119372301 Wang Jason J et al 2021 Detection and Bulk Properties of the HR 8799 Planets with High resolution Spectroscopy The Astronomical Journal 162 4 148 arXiv 2107 06949 Bibcode 2021AJ 162 148W doi 10 3847 1538 3881 ac1349 S2CID 235898867External links edit nbsp Media related to HR 8799 c at Wikimedia Commons HR 8799 c Exoplanets Archived from the original on 2012 03 04 Retrieved 2008 12 02 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title HR 8799 c amp oldid 1191116554, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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