Gurzadyan was born in 1922 in Baghdad, to parents that survived the Armenian genocide. Upon graduating from the Hydrotechnical and Constructional Department of Yerevan Polytechnic Institute in 1944, he became a graduate student of Victor Ambartsumian, who had just moved to Armenia. Being in Ambartsumian’s founding team of Byurakan Observatory, he later headed a Laboratory, in 1960s became deputy director of the Observatory for space research. Then, he headed the branch of Byurakan observatory on space research. In 1971 he founded and headed the Garni Space Astronomy Laboratory (Institute, 1992–2004). Member of Armenian National Academy of Sciences (1986; corresponding member 1965), DSci. 1955, PhD 1948. His son is Vahe Gurzadyan, mathematical physicist and a professor at Yerevan Physics Institute, whose main research topics are: the chaos in non-linear systems, N-body dynamics, stellar dynamics, Cosmic Microwave Background radiation, observational cosmology.
Worksedit
Gurzadyan's bust at Yerevan State University
In 1960s and early 1970s he directed the UV and X-ray observations of the Sun via Rocket Astrophysical Observatories K-2, K-3 and K-4 by means of ballistic rockets R-5; the first launch being on 15 February 1961 from Kapustin Yar military base in Russia. His paper in Comm. Armenian Acad. Sciences, XLIII, 28, 1966, “A Powerful X-ray Flare on the Sun” (of 1 October 1965) is on the detection of most powerful Solar X-ray flare observed by then.
Then he moved to design space orbital observatories, both on board automatic probes and crewed spacecraft. Ultraviolet telescope Procyon was on board Kosmos 309 in 1969, and X-ray telescope Altair on board Meteor 1–16 in 1974; both were launched from Plesetsk cosmodrome. Orion 1 Space Observatory (see Orion 1 and Orion 2 Space Observatories) the first space telescope with an objective prism, was installed in April 1971 onboard the first space station Salyut 1. [1] The highlight was Orion 2 Space Observatory (see Orion 1 and Orion 2 Space Observatories), with a wide-angle meniscus telescope of the Cassegrain system, operated on board the spacecraft Soyuz 13 in December 1973. Spectra of thousands of stars to as faint as 13th magnitude were obtained,[2] the first satellite UV spectrogram of a planetary nebula (IC 2149) was obtained, revealing lines of aluminum and titanium - elements not previously observed in planetary nebulae, two photon emission from nebulae was detected for the first time.[3][4] For comparison, the Skylab’s UV telescope which was on the orbit at the same time, could only look at stars down to 7.5th magnitude.
He predicted magnetic fields in planetary nebulae in 1960s, which were actually discovered in 2005 (Jordan, Werner, O’Toole). He authored theoretical papers on flare stars (predicted negative infrared flares), interstellar matter, binary stars. In 1990s he developed the theory of common chromospheres (roundchromes) of close binary stars and of evolution of binary globular clusters.
For decades he lectured in Yerevan State University (theoretical astrophysics, celestial mechanics) and in Yerevan Polytechnic Institute (precise mechanics). He is also known as an original painter and for his essays on philosophy of science and art.
Gurzadyan died on 22 February 2014 in Yerevan. His requiem service was attended by the President of Armenia and the service was held by Supreme Patriarch and Catholicos of all Armenians.[5][6]
Bibliographyedit
G.A.Gurzadyan, Problems of Dynamics of Planetary Nebulae, Arm. Acad. Publ. 1954.
G.A.Gurzadyan, Physics and Dynamics of Planetary Nebulae, Nauka, Moscow, 1988; Springer, 1997;ISBN3-540-60965-2
G.A.Gurzadyan, Theory of Interplanetary Flights, Nauka, Moscow, 1992; Gordon & Breach, 1996;ISBN2-88449-074-4
G.A.Gurzadyan, Space Dynamics, Francis & Taylor, 2002;ISBN0-415-28202-0
Referencesedit
^Gurzadyan, G.A; Ohanesyan, J.B. (1972). "Observed Energy Distribution of alpha Lyra and beta Cen at 2000–3800 Å". Nature. 239 (5367): 90. Bibcode:1972Natur.239...90G. doi:10.1038/239090a0.
^Gurzadyan, G.A. (1974). "Ultraviolet spectra of Capella". Nature. 250 (5463): 204–205. Bibcode:1974Natur.250..204G. doi:10.1038/250204a0. S2CID 4225026.
^Gurzadyan, G.A. (1976). "Two-photon emission in planetary nebula IC 2149". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 88: 891. doi:10.1086/130041.
grigor, gurzadyan, armenian, Գրիգոր, Գուրզադյան, october, 1922, february, 2014, armenian, astronomer, pioneer, space, astronomy, gurzadyan, 2022, stamp, armeniaborn, 1922, october, 1922baghdad, kingdom, iraq, modern, baghdad, iraq, died22, february, 2014, 2014. Grigor Gurzadyan Armenian Գրիգոր Գուրզադյան 15 October 1922 22 February 2014 was an Armenian astronomer and pioneer of space astronomy Grigor GurzadyanGurzadyan on a 2022 stamp of ArmeniaBorn 1922 10 15 15 October 1922Baghdad Kingdom of Iraq modern day Baghdad Iraq Died22 February 2014 2014 02 22 aged 91 Yerevan ArmeniaNationalityArmenianCitizenshipSoviet Union ArmeniaAwardsMesrop Mashtots Medal 2011 Scientific careerFieldsAstrophysics Contents 1 Life 2 Works 3 Bibliography 4 References 5 External linksLife editGurzadyan was born in 1922 in Baghdad to parents that survived the Armenian genocide Upon graduating from the Hydrotechnical and Constructional Department of Yerevan Polytechnic Institute in 1944 he became a graduate student of Victor Ambartsumian who had just moved to Armenia Being in Ambartsumian s founding team of Byurakan Observatory he later headed a Laboratory in 1960s became deputy director of the Observatory for space research Then he headed the branch of Byurakan observatory on space research In 1971 he founded and headed the Garni Space Astronomy Laboratory Institute 1992 2004 Member of Armenian National Academy of Sciences 1986 corresponding member 1965 DSci 1955 PhD 1948 His son is Vahe Gurzadyan mathematical physicist and a professor at Yerevan Physics Institute whose main research topics are the chaos in non linear systems N body dynamics stellar dynamics Cosmic Microwave Background radiation observational cosmology Works edit nbsp Gurzadyan s bust at Yerevan State University In 1960s and early 1970s he directed the UV and X ray observations of the Sun via Rocket Astrophysical Observatories K 2 K 3 and K 4 by means of ballistic rockets R 5 the first launch being on 15 February 1961 from Kapustin Yar military base in Russia His paper in Comm Armenian Acad Sciences XLIII 28 1966 A Powerful X ray Flare on the Sun of 1 October 1965 is on the detection of most powerful Solar X ray flare observed by then Then he moved to design space orbital observatories both on board automatic probes and crewed spacecraft Ultraviolet telescope Procyon was on board Kosmos 309 in 1969 and X ray telescope Altair on board Meteor 1 16 in 1974 both were launched from Plesetsk cosmodrome Orion 1 Space Observatory see Orion 1 and Orion 2 Space Observatories the first space telescope with an objective prism was installed in April 1971 onboard the first space station Salyut 1 1 The highlight was Orion 2 Space Observatory see Orion 1 and Orion 2 Space Observatories with a wide angle meniscus telescope of the Cassegrain system operated on board the spacecraft Soyuz 13 in December 1973 Spectra of thousands of stars to as faint as 13th magnitude were obtained 2 the first satellite UV spectrogram of a planetary nebula IC 2149 was obtained revealing lines of aluminum and titanium elements not previously observed in planetary nebulae two photon emission from nebulae was detected for the first time 3 4 For comparison the Skylab s UV telescope which was on the orbit at the same time could only look at stars down to 7 5th magnitude He predicted magnetic fields in planetary nebulae in 1960s which were actually discovered in 2005 Jordan Werner O Toole He authored theoretical papers on flare stars predicted negative infrared flares interstellar matter binary stars In 1990s he developed the theory of common chromospheres roundchromes of close binary stars and of evolution of binary globular clusters For decades he lectured in Yerevan State University theoretical astrophysics celestial mechanics and in Yerevan Polytechnic Institute precise mechanics He is also known as an original painter and for his essays on philosophy of science and art Gurzadyan died on 22 February 2014 in Yerevan His requiem service was attended by the President of Armenia and the service was held by Supreme Patriarch and Catholicos of all Armenians 5 6 Bibliography editG A Gurzadyan Problems of Dynamics of Planetary Nebulae Arm Acad Publ 1954 G A Gurzadyan Radioastrophysics Arm Acad Publ 1956 G A Gurzadyan Planetary Nebulae Nauka Moscow 1962 Gordon amp Breach 1970 ISBN 90 277 0117 2 ISBN 978 90 277 0117 6 G A Gurzadyan Flare Stars Nauka 1973 Pergamon 1980 ISBN 0 08 023035 0 G A Gurzadyan et al Observatory in Space SOYUZ 13 ORION 2 Mashinostroenie Publ Moscow 1984 G A Gurzadyan Stellar Chromospheres Nauka Moscow 1984 G A Gurzadyan Physics and Dynamics of Planetary Nebulae Nauka Moscow 1988 Springer 1997 ISBN 3 540 60965 2 G A Gurzadyan Theory of Interplanetary Flights Nauka Moscow 1992 Gordon amp Breach 1996 ISBN 2 88449 074 4 G A Gurzadyan Space Dynamics Francis amp Taylor 2002 ISBN 0 415 28202 0References edit Gurzadyan G A Ohanesyan J B 1972 Observed Energy Distribution of alpha Lyra and beta Cen at 2000 3800 A Nature 239 5367 90 Bibcode 1972Natur 239 90G doi 10 1038 239090a0 Gurzadyan G A 1974 Ultraviolet spectra of Capella Nature 250 5463 204 205 Bibcode 1974Natur 250 204G doi 10 1038 250204a0 S2CID 4225026 Gurzadyan G A 1976 Two photon emission in planetary nebula IC 2149 Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 88 891 doi 10 1086 130041 Gurzadyan G A Rustambekova S S 1975 Silicon rich stellar envelope Nature 254 5498 311 312 Bibcode 1975Natur 254 311G doi 10 1038 254311a0 S2CID 4197408 Prominent Armenian astrophysicist Grigor Gurzadyan dies at 91 ArmeniaNow 2014 02 24 Archived from the original on 2014 03 01 Retrieved 24 February 2014 Armenia s President attends requiem of Grigor Gurzadyan Armenpress February 24 2014 Retrieved 24 February 2014 External links edit nbsp Wikiquote has quotations related to Grigor Gurzadyan Armenian Wikiquote http garni cosmos com https web archive org web 20070223023359 http www aras am Gurzadyan html 1 http www sci am members php mid 144 amp langid 1 2 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Grigor Gurzadyan amp oldid 1211821940, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
