This article is about the district. For its eponymous headquarters, see Gaya, India.
Gaya district is one of the thirty-eight districts of the Indian state of Bihar. It was officially established on 3 October 1865. The district has a common boundary with the state of Jharkhand to the south. Gaya city is both the district headquarters and the second-largest city in Bihar.
Gaya finds mention in the great epics, Ramayana and Mahabharata. Ram along with Sita and Lakshman visited Gaya for offering Pind-Daan to their father Dasharath. In Mahabharata, the place has been identified as Gayapuri. About the origin of the name ‘Gaya' as referred to in Vayu Purana is that Gaya was the name of a demon (Asura) whose body was pious after he performed rigid penance and secured blessings from Vishnu. It was said that the Gayasura's body would continue to be known as Gaya Kshetra.
Gaya has experienced the rise and fall of many dynasties in the Magadh Region. From the 6th century BC to the 18th century AD, about 2300–2400 years, Gaya has been occupying an important place in the cultural history of the region. It opened up with the Shaishunaga dynasty founded by Shishunaga, who exercised power over Patna and Gaya around 600 BC. Bimbisara, fifth in line, who lived and ruled around 519 BC, had projected Gaya to the outer world. Having attained an important place in the history of civilisation, the area experienced the bliss of Gautam Buddha and Bhagwan Mahavir during the reign of Bimbisara. After a short spell of Nanda dynasty, Gaya and the entire Magadha region came under the Mauryan rule with Ashoka (272 BC – 232 BC) embracing Buddhism. He visited Gaya and built the first temple at Bodh Gaya to commemorate Prince Gautama's attainment of supreme enlightenment.
The period of Hindu revivalism commenced with the coming of the Guptas during the 4th and 5th century A.D. Samudragupta of Magadh helped to bring Gaya in limelight. It was the headquarters of Behar district during the Gupta empire.
Gaya then passed on to the Pala Empire with Gopala as the ruler. It is believed that the present temple of Bodh Gaya was built during the reign of Dharmapala, son of Gopala.
Gaya was in the 12th century invaded by Muhammad Bakhtiyar Khilji. But the Hindu rulers defeated his generals later. The place finally passed on to the Britishers after the battle of Buxar in 1764. Gaya district, along with other parts of the country, won freedom in 1947. Gaya is also the birthplace of eminent [1] nationalist & the first Deputy Chief Minister of Bihar Dr. Anugrah Narain Sinha.
Gaya formed a part of the district of Behar and Ramgarh till 1864. It was given the status of independent district in 1865.[2] Subsequently, in May 1981, Magadh Division was created by the Bihar State Government with the districts of Gaya, Nawada, Aurangabad and Jehanabad. All these districts were at the level of sub-division when the Gaya district was created in 1865.
Gaya has seen three districts partitioned off from its territory: Aurangabad and Nawada in 1976,[3] and Jehanabad in 1988.[3]
In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Gaya one of the country's 250 poorest districts (out of a total of 640).[7] It is one of the 36 districts in Bihar currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).[7]
According to the 2011 census Gaya district has a population of 4,391,418,[10] roughly equal to the nation of Moldova[11] or the US state of Kentucky.[12] This gives it a ranking of 42nd in India (out of a total of 640).[10] The district has a population density of 880 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,300/sq mi) .[10] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was 26.08%.[10] Gaya has a sex ratio of 932 females for every 1,000 males,[10] and a literacy rate of 66.35%. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 30.39% and 0.07% of the population respectively.[10]
Schools in Gaya are either government run schools or private schools. Schools mainly use Hindi or English as the medium of instruction. The schools are affiliated with the Bihar School Examination Board, the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) or the National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS).[15] Under the 10+2+3/4 plan, after completing their secondary education, students typically enroll in a school with a higher secondary facility affiliated with the BSEB, the NIOS or the CBSE. Students usually choose from one of three streams — liberal arts, commerce, or science, though vocational streams are also available. Upon completing the required coursework, students may enroll in general or professional degree programmed.
^"Island Directory Tables: Islands by Land Area". United Nations Environment Program. 1998-02-18. Archived from the original on 2015-12-01. Retrieved 2011-10-11. Trinidad 5,009km2
^ abMinistry of Panchayati Raj (September 8, 2009). (PDF). National Institute of Rural Development. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 5, 2012. Retrieved September 27, 2011.
^Indian Ministry of Forests and Environment. . Archived from the original on August 23, 2011. Retrieved September 25, 2011.
^"Population by Religious Community – 2011". Census of India, 2011. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India.
^ abcdef"District Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. 2011. from the original on 2011-06-11. Retrieved 2011-09-30.
^US Directorate of Intelligence. . Archived from the original on 27 September 2011. Retrieved 2011-10-01. Moldova 4,314,377 July 2011 est.
^. U. S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on October 19, 2013. Retrieved 2011-09-30. Kentucky 4,339,367
^ ab2011 Census of India, Population By Mother Tongue
gaya, district, this, article, about, district, eponymous, headquarters, gaya, india, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, remove. This article is about the district For its eponymous headquarters see Gaya India This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Gaya district news newspapers books scholar JSTOR December 2014 Learn how and when to remove this template message Gaya district is one of the thirty eight districts of the Indian state of Bihar It was officially established on 3 October 1865 The district has a common boundary with the state of Jharkhand to the south Gaya city is both the district headquarters and the second largest city in Bihar Gaya districtDistrict of BiharGreat Buddha Statue in Bodh GayaLocation of Gaya district in BiharCountry IndiaStateBiharDivisionMagadhHeadquartersGayaTehsils24Government MP Saansad Shri Vijay Manjhi JDU Lok Sabha constituenciesGaya MLA Vidhayak Gaya Town Shri Dr Prem Kumar BJP Area Total4 976 km2 1 921 sq mi Rank2nd in BiharPopulation 2011 Total4 359 700 Density880 km2 2 300 sq mi Demographics Literacy63 67per cent Sex ratio932Time zoneUTC 05 30 IST PIN Code823001Major highwaysNH 2 NH 82 NH 83Websitegaya wbr nic wbr in Contents 1 History 2 Geography 3 Politics 4 Economy 5 Divisions 5 1 Sub Divisions 5 2 Blocks 6 Flora and fauna 7 Demographics 8 Education 9 See also 10 References 11 External linksHistory EditGaya finds mention in the great epics Ramayana and Mahabharata Ram along with Sita and Lakshman visited Gaya for offering Pind Daan to their father Dasharath In Mahabharata the place has been identified as Gayapuri About the origin of the name Gaya as referred to in Vayu Purana is that Gaya was the name of a demon Asura whose body was pious after he performed rigid penance and secured blessings from Vishnu It was said that the Gayasura s body would continue to be known as Gaya Kshetra Gaya has experienced the rise and fall of many dynasties in the Magadh Region From the 6th century BC to the 18th century AD about 2300 2400 years Gaya has been occupying an important place in the cultural history of the region It opened up with the Shaishunaga dynasty founded by Shishunaga who exercised power over Patna and Gaya around 600 BC Bimbisara fifth in line who lived and ruled around 519 BC had projected Gaya to the outer world Having attained an important place in the history of civilisation the area experienced the bliss of Gautam Buddha and Bhagwan Mahavir during the reign of Bimbisara After a short spell of Nanda dynasty Gaya and the entire Magadha region came under the Mauryan rule with Ashoka 272 BC 232 BC embracing Buddhism He visited Gaya and built the first temple at Bodh Gaya to commemorate Prince Gautama s attainment of supreme enlightenment The period of Hindu revivalism commenced with the coming of the Guptas during the 4th and 5th century A D Samudragupta of Magadh helped to bring Gaya in limelight It was the headquarters of Behar district during the Gupta empire Gaya then passed on to the Pala Empire with Gopala as the ruler It is believed that the present temple of Bodh Gaya was built during the reign of Dharmapala son of Gopala Gaya was in the 12th century invaded by Muhammad Bakhtiyar Khilji But the Hindu rulers defeated his generals later The place finally passed on to the Britishers after the battle of Buxar in 1764 Gaya district along with other parts of the country won freedom in 1947 Gaya is also the birthplace of eminent 1 nationalist amp the first Deputy Chief Minister of Bihar Dr Anugrah Narain Sinha Gaya formed a part of the district of Behar and Ramgarh till 1864 It was given the status of independent district in 1865 2 Subsequently in May 1981 Magadh Division was created by the Bihar State Government with the districts of Gaya Nawada Aurangabad and Jehanabad All these districts were at the level of sub division when the Gaya district was created in 1865 Gaya has seen three districts partitioned off from its territory Aurangabad and Nawada in 1976 3 and Jehanabad in 1988 3 It is currently a part of the Red Corridor 4 Geography EditGaya district occupies an area of 4 976 square kilometres 1 921 sq mi 5 comparatively equivalent to the island of Trinidad 6 Headquarters GayaArea Total 4 976 km2 Rural 4891 48 Urban 84 52Temperature minimum 0 8 2002 AD degree C maximum 49 8 1996 degree CRivers FalguPolitics EditThis section is transcluded from 17th Bihar Assembly edit history No Constituency Name Party Alliance Remarks225 Gurua Vinay Kumar Yadav Rashtriya Janata Dal MGB226 Sherghati Manju Agrawal Rashtriya Janata Dal MGB227 Imamganj Jitan Ram Manjhi Hindustani Awam Morcha MGB228 Barachatti Jyoti Devi Hindustani Awam Morcha MGB229 Bodh Gaya Kumar Sarvjeet Rashtriya Janata Dal MGB230 Gaya Town Prem Kumar Bharatiya Janata Party NDA231 Tikari Anil Kumar Hindustani Awam Morcha MGB232 Belaganj Surendra Prasad Yadav Rashtriya Janata Dal MGB233 Atri Ajay Kumar Yadav Rashtriya Janata Dal MGB234 Wazirganj Birendra Singh Bharatiya Janata Party NDAEconomy EditIn 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Gaya one of the country s 250 poorest districts out of a total of 640 7 It is one of the 36 districts in Bihar currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme BRGF 7 Divisions EditSub Divisions Edit Gaya District comprises 4 Sub divisions citation needed Gaya Sadar Tekari Neemchak Bathani SherghatiBlocks Edit Gaya district consists of 24 Blocks The following are the list of the Blocks in Gaya district citation needed Flora and fauna EditIn 1976 Gaya district became home to the Gautam Budha Wildlife Sanctuary which has an area of 260 km2 100 4 sq mi 8 Demographics EditReligions in Gaya district 2011 9 Religion PercentHinduism 88 27 Islam 11 12 Other or not stated 0 61 According to the 2011 census Gaya district has a population of 4 391 418 10 roughly equal to the nation of Moldova 11 or the US state of Kentucky 12 This gives it a ranking of 42nd in India out of a total of 640 10 The district has a population density of 880 inhabitants per square kilometre 2 300 sq mi 10 Its population growth rate over the decade 2001 2011 was 26 08 10 Gaya has a sex ratio of 932 females for every 1 000 males 10 and a literacy rate of 66 35 Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 30 39 and 0 07 of the population respectively 10 Languages in Gaya district 2011 13 Hindi 51 36 Magahi 41 37 Urdu 7 04 Others 0 23 At the time of the 2011 Census of India 51 36 of the population in the district spoke Hindi 41 37 Magahi and 7 04 Urdu as their first language 13 Historical populationYearPop p a 1901791 096 1911829 139 0 47 1921826 039 0 04 1931916 408 1 04 19411 064 854 1 51 19511 178 093 1 02 19611 392 472 1 69 19711 725 583 2 17 19812 150 406 2 23 19912 664 803 2 17 20013 473 428 2 69 20114 391 418 2 37 source 14 Education EditMain article Education in India Schools in Gaya are either government run schools or private schools Schools mainly use Hindi or English as the medium of instruction The schools are affiliated with the Bihar School Examination Board the Central Board of Secondary Education CBSE or the National Institute of Open Schooling NIOS 15 Under the 10 2 3 4 plan after completing their secondary education students typically enroll in a school with a higher secondary facility affiliated with the BSEB the NIOS or the CBSE Students usually choose from one of three streams liberal arts commerce or science though vocational streams are also available Upon completing the required coursework students may enroll in general or professional degree programmed See also Edit India portalList of districts of BiharReferences Edit GAYA Tourist Guide Tourist places near Gaya Travel Guide Archived from the original on 2017 12 01 Retrieved 2017 11 26 Gaya celebrates 154th establishment day The Times of India a b Law Gwillim 2011 09 25 Districts of India Statoids Archived from the original on 2011 10 17 Retrieved 2011 10 11 83 districts under the Security Related Expenditure Scheme IntelliBriefs 2009 12 11 Archived from the original on 2011 10 27 Retrieved 2011 09 17 Srivastava Dayawanti et al ed 2010 States and Union Territories Bihar Government India 2010 A Reference Annual 54th ed New Delhi India Additional Director General Publications Division Ministry of Information and Broadcasting India Government of India pp 1118 1119 ISBN 978 81 230 1617 7 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a last1 has generic name help Island Directory Tables Islands by Land Area United Nations Environment Program 1998 02 18 Archived from the original on 2015 12 01 Retrieved 2011 10 11 Trinidad 5 009km2 a b Ministry of Panchayati Raj September 8 2009 A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme PDF National Institute of Rural Development Archived from the original PDF on April 5 2012 Retrieved September 27 2011 Indian Ministry of Forests and Environment Protected areas Bihar Archived from the original on August 23 2011 Retrieved September 25 2011 Population by Religious Community 2011 Census of India 2011 Office of the Registrar General amp Census Commissioner India a b c d e f District Census 2011 Census2011 co in 2011 Archived from the original on 2011 06 11 Retrieved 2011 09 30 US Directorate of Intelligence Country Comparison Population Archived from the original on 27 September 2011 Retrieved 2011 10 01 Moldova 4 314 377 July 2011 est 2010 Resident Population Data U S Census Bureau Archived from the original on October 19 2013 Retrieved 2011 09 30 Kentucky 4 339 367 a b 2011 Census of India Population By Mother Tongue Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901 Bihar Failed in Board exam now students queue up at NIOS 2016 06 14 Archived from the original on 2017 11 04 Retrieved 2017 12 29 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Gaya district Official Website of district Gaya Information Portal Coordinates 24 45 N 85 00 E 24 750 N 85 000 E 24 750 85 000 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Gaya district amp oldid 1127052657, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
